Air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system
By using an air-pipe fluid-structure interaction vibration test system, and utilizing compressor frequency conversion excitation and data acquisition components, the problem of inaccurate simulation in existing devices has been solved, enabling precise research and safety assurance of fluid-structure interaction vibration.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing pipeline vibration testing equipment cannot accurately simulate the coupling effect of fluid turbulence pulsation and mechanical vibration, which makes it impossible to effectively study the fluid-structure interaction vibration characteristics of pipeline systems and poses safety hazards.
The system employs a first reciprocating compressor and a second reciprocating compressor in conjunction with variable frequency excitation technology, combined with multiple operating modes and data acquisition components, to simulate the coupling of fluid turbulence and mechanical vibration. Precise data acquisition is achieved through fiber optic vibration sensors and strain gauges.
It enables accurate simulation of fluid-structure interaction vibration of pipeline systems, eliminates external interference, provides a stable research environment, improves the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition, and reduces safety risks.
Smart Images
Figure CN223992683U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of pipeline technology, and in particular to a fluid-structure interaction vibration testing system for air pipelines. Background Technology
[0002] In various industrial sectors, such as petrochemicals, water supply and drainage, and heating and ventilation, pipeline systems are crucial carriers for material transport. Their safe and stable operation not only affects the continuity and stability of the entire industrial production but also directly impacts the surrounding environment and the safety of people's lives and property. However, pipeline systems are often affected by fluid-structure interaction vibrations during operation.
[0003] Fluid-structure interaction vibration refers to the vibration phenomenon caused by the interaction between the flow of fluid in a pipeline and the pipeline structure. When fluid flows in a pipeline, changes in parameters such as fluid pressure and velocity exert forces on the pipeline wall, causing the pipeline structure to vibrate; conversely, the vibration of the pipeline structure affects the flow state of the fluid, forming a complex coupling relationship.
[0004] Prolonged exposure to fluid-structure interaction vibration can lead to fatigue damage in pipeline materials. Under repeated stress, micro-cracks will continuously develop and propagate within metallic materials. These cracks gradually reduce the strength of the pipeline structure and shorten its service life. More seriously, excessive vibration can also cause loosening of pipeline connections and seal failure, leading to leaks of the transported substances. For example, in the petrochemical industry, if flammable, explosive, or toxic substances are being transported, leaks can not only waste resources but also potentially cause major accidents such as fires, explosions, and poisonings, posing a serious threat to the surrounding environment and personnel safety.
[0005] To study the fluid-structure interaction vibration characteristics of pipeline systems and ensure their safe operation, researchers have developed various experimental devices. However, most existing experimental devices have significant limitations in simulating vibration environments. Current devices primarily use external excitation equipment to simulate pipeline system vibration. While this method can generate vibration to some extent, it neglects the coupling effect between fluid turbulence and mechanical vibration. In actual industrial pipeline systems, fluid flow is complex and variable. Turbulent pulsations generate irregular pressure and velocity fluctuations, which interact with the pipeline's mechanical vibration, jointly influencing the system's dynamic response. For example, in pipelines transporting high-speed fluids, turbulent pulsations can exacerbate the vibration amplitude and frequency, and existing experimental devices cannot accurately simulate this complex coupling effect. Utility Model Content
[0006] This application provides an air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration testing system, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0007] This application provides an air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration testing system, including a first reciprocating compressor, a second reciprocating compressor, a first air source input pipe, a second air source input pipe, a main pipe, a first vent pipe, a second vent pipe, a pipeline support frame, and a data acquisition component. The pipeline support frame is installed on the ground, the main pipe is horizontally fixed on the top surface of the pipeline support frame, the first vent pipe is connected to the output end of the main pipe, and the input end of the second vent pipe is connected to a side wall near the output end of the main pipe. Both the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe are equipped with a first valve. The first reciprocating compressor and the second reciprocating compressor... The compressors are all installed on the ground; the two ends of the first gas source input pipe are respectively connected to the output end of the first reciprocating compressor and the first input end of the main pipe; the two ends of the second gas source input pipe are respectively connected to the output end of the second reciprocating compressor and the second input end of the main pipe; both the first gas source input pipe and the second gas source input pipe are equipped with flow meters and second valves; the data acquisition component includes: multiple pressure sensors, which are installed in the outlet sections of the first gas source input pipe and the second gas source input pipe, as well as the straight pipe sections and bend areas of the main pipe; fiber optic vibration sensors and strain gauges are spaced apart on the outer wall of the main pipe.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system further includes multiple clamps; all of the clamps are disposed between the main pipeline and the pipeline support frame.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system further includes a quick-release connecting pipe; both ends of the quick-release connecting pipe are provided with first threaded interfaces; both ends of the main pipeline, one end of the first venting pipeline, and one end of the second venting pipeline are all provided with second threaded interfaces corresponding to the first threaded interfaces;
[0010] The quick-release connector is used to replace bends with elbows, angled joints with right-angle joints, forward joints with diagonal joints, and forward branches with dead-end right-angle branches.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the quick-release connecting tube is made of carbon steel or stainless steel.
[0012] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic vibration sensor includes a fiber optic cable and multiple sensors; the fiber optic cable is disposed on the outer wall of the main pipe; and the multiple sensors are spaced apart along the length of the fiber optic cable.
[0013] In one possible implementation, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system further includes multiple rubber damping layers; each of the multiple rubber damping layers is disposed between the outer wall of the main pipeline and the inner wall of the corresponding clamp.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the pipeline support frame 8 includes a support plate and hydraulic support rods; the support plate is horizontally arranged and its top surface is fixedly mounted on the main pipeline 5; the hydraulic support rods are spaced apart along the length of the bottom of the support plate to finely adjust the height of the main pipeline 5.
[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects:
[0016] This application provides a fluid-structure interaction vibration testing system for air pipelines. The system is equipped with a first reciprocating compressor and a second reciprocating compressor. Through the coordinated or independent operation of these two compressors, low-pressure and high-pressure variable frequency excitation technologies can be developed. With the help of variable frequency excitation technology, the system pressure and throughput can be flexibly adjusted, ensuring stable and efficient operation under various working conditions and possessing good adaptability to changing working conditions. In actual operation, there are two different operating modes for studying pipeline characteristics: simultaneously opening the first and second reciprocating compressors (or only opening the first or only opening the second reciprocating compressor), and closing both second valves. In this state, there is no gas flow in the system. This operation allows for the detection of the impact of no gas flow on the main pipeline, effectively eliminating external interference factors, thereby enabling in-depth study of the characteristics of forced vibration in the pipeline. Similarly, opening the first and second reciprocating compressors (or only opening the first or only opening the second reciprocating compressor), and opening the corresponding second valves. At this point, gas flow exists within the system, and the mechanical vibrations of the first and second reciprocating compressors, along with the fluid turbulence pulsations, are coupled together. This mode allows for the study of the characteristics of pipeline vibration under multiple coupled excitations. Combined with a stable gas source provided by the gas supply system, this system can highly reproduce the fluid-structure interaction vibration of air pipelines in actual operation, providing an accurate simulation environment for research.
[0017] The data acquisition components include multiple pressure sensors, fiber optic vibration sensors, and strain gauges. Pressure sensors measure the pressure in the first air source input pipe, the second air source input pipe, and the main pipe, providing data support for system pressure monitoring and control. Strain gauges measure the strain in the pipeline, helping researchers understand the deformation of the main pipe under various operating conditions. Fiber optic vibration sensors enable millimeter-level resolution monitoring of continuous strain and vibration along the pipeline, effectively replacing traditional discrete-point sensors and accurately capturing the complex local vibration behavior of the main pipe, providing strong evidence for in-depth analysis of the main pipe vibration. Wireless transmission modules within the pressure sensors, fiber optic vibration sensors, and strain gauges transmit pressure, vibration, and strain signals to the data acquisition terminal, achieving real-time and accurate data acquisition and transmission, ensuring stable system operation and timely data acquisition. Therefore, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system of this application effectively solves the problems existing in current test devices in terms of simulating vibration environments, adjusting system parameters, eliminating interference to study vibration characteristics, and data acquisition and transmission, providing a more reliable and effective means for studying the fluid-structure interaction vibration characteristics of pipeline systems. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system provided in the embodiments of this application from one perspective;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of various pipelines connected by quick-release connecting pipes provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0022] Icons: 1-First reciprocating compressor; 2-Second reciprocating compressor; 3-First gas source input pipe; 4-Second gas source input pipe; 5-Main pipe; 6-First vent pipe; 7-Second vent pipe; 8-Pipeline support frame; 9-Data acquisition component; 91-Pressure sensor; 92-Fiber optic vibration sensor; 10-First valve; 11-Second valve; 12-Flow meter; 13-Clamp; 14-Quick-release connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0025] This application provides an air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration testing system, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown. The system includes a first reciprocating compressor 1, a second reciprocating compressor 2, a first air source input pipe 3, a second air source input pipe 4, a main pipe 5, a first vent pipe 6, a second vent pipe 7, a pipe support frame 8, and a data acquisition component 9. The pipe support frame 8 is installed on the ground.
[0026] The main pipeline 5 is horizontally fixed on the top surface of the pipeline support frame 8. The first vent pipeline 6 is connected to the output end of the main pipeline 5, and the input end of the second vent pipeline 7 is connected to the side wall near the output end of the main pipeline 5. Both the first vent pipeline 6 and the second vent pipeline 7 are equipped with a first valve 10. The first reciprocating compressor 1 and the second reciprocating compressor 2 are both installed on the ground. The first reciprocating compressor 1 and the second reciprocating compressor 2 discharge intermittently. Each discharge generates a pressure pulse excitation on the pipeline system, and the period of the pressure pulse excitation is also determined at a certain speed.
[0027] The first gas source input pipe 3 is connected at both ends to the output end of the first reciprocating compressor 1 and the first input end of the main pipe 5, respectively. The second gas source input pipe 4 is connected at both ends to the output end of the second reciprocating compressor 2 and the second input end of the main pipe 5, respectively. Both the first gas source input pipe 3 and the second gas source input pipe 4 are equipped with flow meters 12 and second valves 11. The data acquisition component 9 includes: multiple pressure sensors 91, which are installed at the outlet sections of the first gas source input pipe 3 and the second gas source input pipe 4, as well as the straight sections and bend areas of the main pipe 5; and fiber optic vibration sensors 92 and strain gauges, which are spaced apart on the outer wall of the main pipe 5.
[0028] The first valve 10 is used to regulate the gas pressure in the main pipeline 5. The advantages of this application in setting up a first vent pipe 6 and a second vent pipe 7 are: if the first vent pipe 6 becomes blocked or the corresponding first valve 10 malfunctions, the second vent pipe 7 can be immediately put into use, avoiding experimental interruption due to pipeline failure and ensuring the integrity of experimental data and the smooth progress of the experimental process. Simultaneously, the ends of the first vent pipe 6 and the second vent pipe 7 are directly connected to the atmosphere, and their opening and closing degrees or emission rates can be controlled separately according to experimental needs, precisely adjusting parameters such as pressure and flow rate within the pipeline system, simulating more complex and diverse working conditions, providing convenience for studying pipeline vibration characteristics under different conditions, and improving the controllability and flexibility of the experiment. When the system pressure rises abnormally, the first vent pipe 6 and the second vent pipe 7 can be opened simultaneously or sequentially to accelerate gas emission, disperse pressure release load, prevent sudden pressure changes due to insufficient emission from a single vent pipe, and reduce safety risks such as abnormal vibration and pipeline rupture caused by overpressure in the pipeline system.
[0029] It should be noted that this application provides an air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system. The system is equipped with a first reciprocating compressor 1 and a second reciprocating compressor 2. Through the coordinated or independent operation of these two compressors, low-pressure and high-pressure variable frequency excitation technologies can be developed. With the help of variable frequency excitation technology, the system pressure and throughput can be flexibly adjusted to ensure stable and efficient operation under various working conditions, possessing good adaptability to varying working conditions. In actual operation, there are two different operating modes for studying pipeline characteristics: simultaneously opening the first reciprocating compressor 1 and the second reciprocating compressor 2 (or only opening the first reciprocating compressor 1 or only opening the second reciprocating compressor 2), and closing both second valves 11. In this state, there is no gas flow in the system. This operation allows for the detection of the impact of no gas on the main pipeline 5, effectively eliminating external interference factors, thereby enabling in-depth study of the characteristics of forced vibration in the pipeline. Similarly, opening the first reciprocating compressor 1 and the second reciprocating compressor 2 (or only opening the first reciprocating compressor 1 or only opening the second reciprocating compressor 2), and opening the corresponding second valves 11. At this point, gas flow exists within the system, and the mechanical vibrations of the first reciprocating compressor 1 and the second reciprocating compressor 2, along with the fluid turbulence pulsations, are coupled together. This mode allows for the study of the characteristics of pipeline vibration under multiple coupled excitations. Combined with a stable gas source provided by the gas supply system, this system can highly reproduce the fluid-structure interaction vibration of air pipelines during actual operation, providing an accurate simulation environment for research.
[0030] The data acquisition component 9 includes multiple pressure sensors 91, fiber optic vibration sensors 92, and strain gauges. Pressure sensors 91 measure the pressure within the first gas source input pipe 3, the second gas source input pipe 4, and the main pipe 5, providing data support for system pressure monitoring and control. Strain gauges measure the strain in the pipeline, helping researchers understand the deformation of the main pipe 5 under various operating conditions. Fiber optic vibration sensors 92 achieve millimeter-level resolution monitoring of continuous strain and vibration along the pipeline, effectively replacing traditional discrete-point sensors and accurately capturing the complex local vibration behavior of the main pipe 5, providing strong evidence for in-depth analysis of the vibration of the main pipe 5. The wireless transmission modules within the pressure sensors 91, fiber optic vibration sensors 92, and strain gauges transmit pressure, vibration, and strain signals to the data acquisition terminal, achieving real-time and accurate data acquisition and transmission, ensuring stable system operation and timely data acquisition.
[0031] Therefore, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system of this application effectively solves the problems existing in the test device in terms of simulating vibration environment, adjusting system parameters, eliminating interference to study vibration characteristics, and data acquisition and transmission, and provides a more reliable and effective means for studying the fluid-structure interaction vibration characteristics of pipeline systems.
[0032] In this embodiment, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system further includes multiple clamps 13. All clamps 13 are disposed between the main pipeline 5 and the pipeline support frame 8.
[0033] It should be noted that this application can change the natural frequency of the air pipeline fluid-structure coupling vibration test system by adding additional mass or changing the number of clamps 13 while keeping the external pulse excitation unchanged. This is simple and convenient, and is conducive to the analysis of the design criteria for the natural frequency of the pipeline structure.
[0034] In this embodiment, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system further includes a quick-release connecting pipe 14. Both ends of the quick-release connecting pipe 14 are provided with first threaded interfaces. Both ends of the main pipe 5, one end of the first vent pipe 6, and one end of the second vent pipe 7 are each provided with a second threaded interface corresponding to the first threaded interface.
[0035] The quick-release connecting pipe 14 in this embodiment is used to replace bends with elbows, angled connections with right-angle connections, forward connections with diagonal connections, and forward branches with dead-end right-angle branches, enabling rapid replacement. This rapid replacement function reduces the time and labor costs required for pipeline replacement, thereby reducing the system's modification costs and providing strong support for in-depth research into the excitation and characteristics of complex vibrations in air pipelines.
[0036] In this embodiment, the quick-release connecting tube 14 is made of carbon steel or stainless steel.
[0037] In this embodiment, the fiber optic vibration sensor 92 includes an optical fiber and multiple sensors. The optical fiber is disposed on the outer wall of the main pipe 5. The multiple sensors are spaced apart along the length of the optical fiber.
[0038] It should be noted that optical fiber, as a sensing medium, has advantages such as resistance to electromagnetic interference and corrosion. In air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test systems, various sources of electromagnetic interference and corrosive environments may exist. The fiber optic vibration sensor 92 can effectively avoid the influence of these interference factors on the monitoring signal, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the monitoring data.
[0039] In this embodiment, the air pipeline fluid-structure interaction vibration test system further includes multiple rubber damping layers. These multiple rubber damping layers are disposed between the outer wall of the main pipeline 5 and the inner wall of the corresponding clamp 13.
[0040] It should be noted that when the main pipeline 5 vibrates, the rubber damping layer can absorb and consume the vibration energy, reduce the transmission and amplification of the vibration, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude and noise level of the pipeline system, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the test system and reduce the impact of vibration on the surrounding environment and equipment.
[0041] In this embodiment, the pipeline support frame 8 includes a support plate and hydraulic support rods; the support plate is horizontally positioned and its top surface is fixedly mounted on the main pipeline 5; the hydraulic support rods are spaced apart along the length of the bottom of the support plate, used for fine-tuning the height of the main pipeline 5. This application allows for dynamic adjustment of the system's natural frequency and damping ratio without disassembling the support rods, accurately simulating the support characteristics of different engineering scenarios (such as rigid supports and elastic hangers), and improving the comprehensiveness of vibration modal analysis.
[0042] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.
[0043] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.
Claims
1. An air pipeline fluid-structure coupling vibration test system, characterized in that, It comprises a first reciprocating compressor (1), a second reciprocating compressor (2), a first gas source input pipeline (3), a second gas source input pipeline (4), a main pipeline (5), a first vent pipeline (6), a second vent pipeline (7), a pipeline support frame (8) and a data acquisition assembly (9); The pipeline support frame (8) is installed on the ground, the main pipeline (5) is horizontally fixed on the top surface of the pipeline support frame (8), the first vent pipeline (6) is communicated with the output end of the main pipeline (5), and the input end of the second vent pipeline (7) is communicated with the side wall close to the output end of the main pipeline (5); the first vent pipeline (6) and the second vent pipeline (7) are both provided with a first valve (10); The first reciprocating compressor (1) and the second reciprocating compressor (2) are both installed on the ground; The two ends of the first gas source input pipeline (3) are respectively communicated with the output end of the first reciprocating compressor (1) and the first input end of the main pipeline (5); The two ends of the second gas source input pipeline (4) are respectively communicated with the output end of the second reciprocating compressor (2) and the second input end of the main pipeline (5); The first gas source input pipeline (3) and the second gas source input pipeline (4) are both provided with a flow meter (12) and a second valve (11); The data acquisition assembly (9) comprises: A plurality of pressure sensors (91) are arranged on the outlet sections of the first gas source input pipeline (3) and the second gas source input pipeline (4) and the straight pipe section and elbow area of the main pipeline (5); An optical fiber vibration sensor (92) and a strain gauge are arranged on the outer wall of the main pipeline (5) at intervals.
2. The air line fluid-structure interaction vibration test system according to claim 1, wherein, It also comprises a plurality of clamps (13); The plurality of clamps (13) are arranged between the main pipeline (5) and the pipeline support frame (8).
3. The air line fluid-structure interaction vibration test system of claim 1, wherein, It also comprises a quick-release connecting pipe (14); The two ends of the quick-release connecting pipe (14) are provided with first threaded interfaces; The two end portions of the main pipeline (5), one end portion of the first vent pipeline (6) and one end portion of the second vent pipeline (7) are all provided with second threaded interfaces corresponding to the first threaded interfaces; The quick-release connecting pipe (14) is used to replace the elbow, replace the bevel joint and the right angle joint, replace the forward joint and the diagonal joint, and replace the forward branch and the dead end right angle branch.
4. The air line fluid-structure interaction vibration test system of claim 3, wherein, The material of the quick-release connecting pipe (14) is carbon steel or stainless steel.
5. The air line fluid-structure interaction vibration test system of claim 1, wherein, The optical fiber vibration sensor (92) comprises an optical fiber and a plurality of sensors; The optical fiber is arranged on the outer wall of the main pipeline (5); The plurality of sensors are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the optical fiber.
6. The air line fluid-structure interaction vibration test system of claim 2, wherein, It also comprises a plurality of rubber damping layers; The plurality of rubber damping layers are arranged between the outer wall of the main pipeline (5) and the inner wall of the corresponding clamps (13).
7. The air line fluid-structure interaction vibration test system of claim 1, wherein, The pipeline support frame (8) comprises a support plate and a hydraulic support rod; The support plate is horizontally arranged and the top surface thereof is fixed on the main pipeline (5); The hydraulic support rod is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the bottom of the support plate and is used to fine tune the height of the main pipeline (5).