Electrolytic tank blanking structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and particularly discloses an electrolytic cell blanking structure which comprises an electrolytic cell, a crusting layer, a hydraulic rod, a connecting frame, a first limiting rod, a crust breaking hammer head, a heat preservation mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and two feeding mechanisms, the crusting layer is formed in the electrolytic cell, the hydraulic rod is arranged on the electrolytic cell, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is installed on the connecting frame in a penetrating mode. A first limiting rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod and located in the connecting frame, a heat preservation mechanism used for conducting heat preservation on the electrolytic tank is arranged on the connecting frame, a cleaning mechanism is arranged on the heat preservation mechanism, and two feeding mechanisms are arranged on the electrolytic tank; the technical problems that in the discharging process of an existing discharging structure, due to the fact that the temperature difference between the interior and the exterior of a discharging opening is large, even if a hard crusting layer at the discharging opening is opened through a crust breaking hammer, soft crusts are still likely to be formed on the surface of the discharging opening, the dissolving time of an electrolyte solution layer and aluminum oxide is shortened, and the dissolving speed is decreased are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aluminum electrolysis technology, and specifically discloses an electrolytic cell feeding structure. Background Technology

[0002] Under the reaction conditions of alumina in the electrolytic cell, the temperature of the electrolyte melt layer is around 950℃. The material on top of it begins to condense and form an electrolyte shell layer as the temperature decreases, after reaching around 915℃. The thickness of the electrolyte shell layer is approximately 160mm. It serves as both the condensation shell layer of the electrolyte melt layer and the insulation layer of the electrolyte melt layer. The hardness of the shell layer increases as the temperature decreases. Each time alumina is added, the commonly used point-feeding device with a shell-breaking cylinder uses a shell-breaking hammer to pierce a hole in the electrolyte condensation shell layer at the alumina feeding point, forming an alumina powder that flows from the feeding pipe port into the electrolyte melt layer channel, i.e., the feeding port. After completing one feeding cycle, because the upper surface of the electrolyte melt layer is exposed to the relatively low temperature space inside the electrolytic cell, a new electrolyte condensation shell layer quickly forms, blocking the addition of alumina powder. When alumina is added again, the cycle is repeated according to the set program.

[0003] For example, utility model patent CN208501120U discloses an alumina feeding device for an aluminum electrolysis cell, including an alumina storage box. A buffer equalization box is connected through the bottom of the alumina storage box. A first filter plate is horizontally fixedly welded to the bottom of the inner cavity of the buffer equalization box. A second filter plate is connected to the bottom of the first filter plate through a rotating shaft. The first filter plate and the second filter plate are connected by a rotating shaft. Rotating the second filter plate can adjust the size of the filter holes formed between the first filter plate and the second filter plate. The alumina conveying flow rate is easy to control. The alumina in the inner cavity of the alumina transfer box flows into the hose through the discharge hole. Due to the small feeding amount, the feeding is continuous, which improves the electrolysis stability. A vibrator is set to prevent the discharge hole from being blocked and accelerate the alumina outflow. A heating wire is set to fully preheat the alumina flowing through the metal tube, so that the fed alumina dissolves in the electrolyte quickly and is less likely to form a precipitate.

[0004] The existing electrolytic cell feeding structure only improves the uniform dispersion, efficient preheating, continuous feeding, and rapid dissolution of alumina during the feeding process. However, in the current aluminum electrolytic cell, the electrolyte melt layer and the relatively low-temperature air inside the electrolytic cell come into direct contact at the feeding port formed by the shelling process. The condensation temperature changes significantly, and a soft crust is easily formed on the surface. This reduces the time for the molten electrolyte solution layer to dissolve alumina and slows down the melting rate, resulting in a large dispersion of alumina concentration in the electrolyte melt. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an electrolytic cell feeding structure to solve the technical problem that in the existing feeding structure, due to the large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the feeding port, even after the hard shell layer at the feeding port is opened by the shell-breaking hammer, a soft shell is still easily formed on the surface of the feeding port, which leads to a reduction in the dissolution time of the electrolyte solution layer and the alumina and a slower dissolution rate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: It includes an electrolytic cell, a shell layer, a hydraulic rod, a connecting frame, a first limiting rod, a shell-breaking hammer, a heat preservation mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and two feeding mechanisms. The shell layer is formed inside the electrolytic cell. The hydraulic rod is mounted on the electrolytic cell, with its telescopic end passing through the connecting frame. The first limiting rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod, and the first limiting rod is located within the connecting frame. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is equipped with a rotatable shell-breaking hammer, which is located below the first limiting rod. The connecting frame is equipped with a heat preservation mechanism for heat preservation of the electrolytic cell, and the heat preservation mechanism is equipped with a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the shell-breaking hammer. Two feeding mechanisms for conveying alumina are respectively provided on the electrolytic cell. The hydraulic rod drives the shell-breaking hammer to open a feed port at the shell layer. At this time, the opening feed port is insulated by the heat preservation mechanism to prevent the problem of soft shell forming easily at the feed port due to large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the feed port. The cleaning mechanism can clean the electrolyte attached to the shell-breaking hammer to prevent the electrolyte from corroding the shell-breaking hammer and improve the service life of the shell-breaking hammer. The alumina is transported into the feed port through the cooperation of the feeding mechanism and the heat preservation mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the insulation mechanism includes an insulation frame, two sliding baffles, and a one-way plate. The insulation frame is mounted on the connecting frame, and two sliding baffles are slidably mounted on the insulation frame. Each of the two sliding baffles has a second feed inlet, which communicates with two first feed inlets on the insulation frame. Both first feed inlets communicate with the interior of the insulation frame. A one-way plate is located on the insulation frame at each feed inlet. The insulation frame effectively prevents internal temperature from escaping through the feed inlets after the shell-breaking hammer opens them. It also prevents the reaction rate of alumina with the electrolyte solution from slowing down after a soft shell layer forms at the feed inlet. The sliding baffles, in conjunction with the insulation frame, control whether alumina inside the feeding mechanism stops or begins to enter the feed inlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes a first sliding frame, a first sliding plate, a first motor, a first transmission rod, a grinding wheel, and a second limiting rod. The first sliding frame is provided on the electrolytic cell, and the first sliding plate is slidably mounted inside the first sliding frame. The first motor is provided on the first sliding plate, and the first transmission rod is fixedly connected to the power output end of the first motor. The first transmission rod is mounted on the connecting frame, and the grinding wheel and the second limiting rod are provided on the first transmission rod. The grinding wheel can contact the shell-breaking hammer head. After electrolyte adheres to the shell-breaking hammer head, it can be polished by the grinding wheel to improve the service life of the shell-breaking hammer head and prevent the electrolyte from adhering to the shell-breaking hammer head for a long time and corroding it.

[0009] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism also includes a second sliding frame, a second sliding plate, a second motor, a second transmission rod, a gear, and a third limiting rod. The second sliding frame is mounted on the electrolytic cell, and the second sliding plate is slidably fitted inside the second sliding frame. The second motor is mounted on the second sliding plate, and the power output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod. The gear and the third limiting rod are mounted on the second transmission rod, and the gear can mesh with a gear ring on the shell-beating hammer head. Through the meshing of the gear with the gear ring on the shell-beating hammer head, the gear drives the shell-beating hammer head to rotate. When the grinding wheel begins to rotate and grind the shell-beating hammer head, the gear drives the shell-beating hammer head to rotate actively, making the shell-beating hammer head more thoroughly cleaned.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a storage bin and a feeding pipe. The storage bin is provided on the electrolytic cell, and the feeding pipe is provided on the storage bin. The feeding pipe can be connected to the first inlet on the insulation frame. When the alumina is in the feeding pipe, it is in a preheated state. After the insulation frame is lifted by the hydraulic rod, the feeding pipe will move with the insulation frame. After the first inlet on the insulation frame is connected to the second inlet on the sliding baffle, the preheated alumina will enter the inlet on the shell layer through the first and second inlets. Since the alumina is preheated, the reaction rate between the alumina and the electrolyte is increased, thus improving the preparation efficiency.

[0011] The working principle and beneficial effects of this solution are as follows:

[0012] When it is necessary to open an inlet at the crust layer, the extension end of the hydraulic rod drives the shell-breaking hammer head to enter the insulation frame through the inlet. At this time, the shell-breaking hammer head can push open the one-way plate. After the shell-breaking hammer head continuously squeezes the crust layer, the inlet is formed. After the opening is completed, the shell-breaking hammer head is removed from the insulation frame, and the one-way plate automatically closes the inlet, forming a sealed space in the insulation frame. This can effectively prevent the surface of the inlet from easily forming a soft shell due to the large temperature difference between the inside and outside, which would reduce the reaction rate and improve the dissolution reaction time between the electrolyte solution layer and alumina.

[0013] When alumina needs to be added to the feed inlet for reaction, the hydraulic rod moves the connecting frame upward, which in turn moves the insulation frame upward. The sliding baffle inside the insulation frame remains in place due to gravity, always maintaining contact with the crust layer. After the insulation frame moves upward a certain distance, the first feed inlet connects with the second feed inlet. The alumina previously blocked in the feed pipe then enters the feed inlet opened by the shell-breaking hammer on the crust layer through the first and second feed inlets. Because the alumina previously blocked in the feed pipe has entered the electrolytic cell beforehand, the feed pipe... The alumina inside is preheated by the temperature inside the electrolytic cell, which makes the subsequent reaction and decomposition faster. When it is necessary to stop the alumina feeding, the hydraulic rod is activated to move downward, ending the connection between the first and second feed ports. At this time, the alumina in the feed pipe will be blocked inside the pipe. The connecting frame and the insulation frame will automatically follow the hydraulic rod downward by gravity. At this time, the pressure sensor prevents the insulation frame from excessively damaging the shell layer and prevents the rest of the shell layer except for the feed port from being damaged, which would cause a large amount of heat to dissipate from the shell layer and reduce the internal reaction rate.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the insulation and cleaning mechanisms;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a magnified view of a portion of point A in the embodiment;

[0018] Figure 4 Exploded view of the insulation mechanism for the example;

[0019] Figure 5This is a magnified view of a portion of point B in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a magnified view of a portion of point C in the embodiment.

[0022] The following are the markings in the attached diagram: Electrolytic cell 1, Anode reaction device 2, Shell layer 3, Hydraulic rod 4, Connecting frame 5, First limiting rod 6, Shell-breaking hammer 7, Insulation frame 8, Pressure sensor 9, Sliding baffle 10, One-way plate 11, First feed inlet 12, Sliding groove 13, Second feed inlet 14, Inlet 15, First sliding frame 16, First sliding plate 18, First motor 19, First transmission rod 20, Grinding wheel 21, Second limiting rod 22, Second sliding frame 23, Second sliding plate 24, Second motor 25, Second transmission rod 26, Gear ring 27, Third limiting rod 28, Storage bin 29, Feeding pipe 30, Gear 31. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation methods:

[0024] Example

[0025] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an electrolytic cell feeding structure is disclosed, including an electrolytic cell 1, several anode reaction devices 2, a crust layer 3, a hydraulic rod 4, a connecting frame 5, a first limiting rod 6, a shell-breaking hammer 7, a heat preservation mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and two feeding mechanisms. Several anode reaction devices 2 are arranged inside the electrolytic cell 1, and a crust layer 3 is formed inside the electrolytic cell 1. A hydraulic rod 4 is fixedly connected to the electrolytic cell 1, with the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 4 facing the crust layer 3. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 4 is fixedly connected to the first limiting rod 6 and the shell-breaking hammer 7, which are used for shell breaking. Hammer head 7 is located below the first limiting rod 6. The shell-breaking hammer head 7 is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 4. Both the first limiting rod 6 and the shell-breaking hammer head 7 are located within the connecting frame 5. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 4 is mounted on the connecting frame 5. A heat-insulating mechanism is provided on the connecting frame 5 to insulate the electrolytic cell 1. A cleaning mechanism is also provided on the heat-insulating mechanism to clean the shell-breaking hammer head 7. Two feeding mechanisms are provided on the electrolytic cell 1 to transport alumina to the heat-insulating mechanism. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0026] The insulation mechanism includes an insulation frame 8, a pressure sensor 9, two sliding baffles 10, and a one-way plate 11. The insulation frame 8 is mounted on the shell layer 3 and can fit snugly against it. The pressure sensor 9 is mounted on the insulation frame 8. Two first feed inlets 12 are opened on both sides of the insulation frame 8, and both first feed inlets 12 communicate with the interior of the insulation frame 8. Two sliding grooves 13 are opened on the insulation frame 8, and two sliding baffles 10 are slidably fitted into each of the two sliding grooves 13. Each of the two sliding baffles 10 has two second feed inlets 14, which communicate with the two first feed inlets 12. An inlet 15 is opened on the insulation frame 8, and the one-way plate 11 is fixedly connected inside the insulation frame 8 and located at the inlet 15. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0027] The cleaning mechanism includes a first sliding frame 16, a first sliding plate 18, a first motor 19, a first transmission rod 20, a grinding wheel 21, a second limiting rod 22, a second sliding frame 23, a second sliding plate 24, a second motor 25, a second transmission rod 26, a gear 31, and a third limiting rod 28. The first sliding frame 16 is fixedly connected to the electrolytic cell 1. The first sliding plate 18 is slidably mounted inside the first sliding frame 16. The first motor 19 is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate 18. The power output end of the first motor 19 faces the shell-breaking hammer 7. The first transmission rod 20 is fixedly connected to the power output end of the first motor 19. The first transmission rod 20 is mounted on the connecting frame 5. The grinding wheel 21 is fixedly connected to the first transmission rod 20 and contacts the shell-breaking hammer 7. The length of the first transmission rod 20 is the same as that of the shell-breaking hammer 7. A second limiting rod 22 is provided on the first transmission rod 20, located outside the connecting frame 5. A second sliding frame 23 is fixedly connected to the electrolytic cell 1. A second sliding plate 24 is slidably fitted inside the second sliding frame 23. A second motor 25 is fixedly connected to the second sliding plate 24, with its power output end facing the connecting frame 5. A second transmission rod 26 is fixedly connected to the power output end of the second motor 25, passing through the connecting frame 5. A gear 31 is provided on the second transmission rod 26, located inside the connecting frame 5, and meshes with a gear ring 27 on the shell-breaking hammer 7. A third limiting rod 28 is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod 26, located outside the connecting frame 5. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0028] The feeding mechanism includes a storage bin 29 and a feeding pipe 30. The storage bin 29 is fixedly connected to the electrolytic cell 1. One end of the feeding pipe 30 passes through the storage bin 29, and the other end is fixedly connected to the insulation frame 8. The feeding pipe 30 is connected to the first feed inlet 12. The feeding pipe 30 is a high-temperature resistant flexible hose. Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0029] In practice

[0030] When alumina needs to be added to the electrolytic cell 1 for preparation, the extension end of the hydraulic rod 4 moves downward, driving the shell-breaking hammer 7 to enter the insulation frame 8 through the inlet 15. Since the inlet 15 is equipped with a one-way plate 11, the shell-breaking hammer 7 can push the one-way plate 11 open. After the shell-breaking hammer 7 continuously squeezes the shell layer 3, an alumina feed port is formed. Alumina can enter the shell layer 3 through this feed port to participate in the reaction. At this time, the hydraulic rod 4 drives the shell-breaking hammer 7 to rise. After the shell-breaking hammer 7 moves out of the insulation frame 8, the one-way plate 11 automatically closes the inlet 15, forming a sealed space in the insulation frame 8. This can effectively prevent the surface of the feed port from easily forming a soft shell due to the large temperature difference between the inside and outside, which would reduce the reaction rate and improve the dissolution reaction time between the electrolyte solution layer and alumina.

[0031] When the shell-breaking hammer 7 forms an inlet by pressing against the shell layer 3, some electrolyte solution easily adheres to it. The hydraulic rod 4 drives the shell-breaking hammer 7 back to the connecting frame 5. After the toothed ring 27 on the shell-breaking hammer 7 meshes with the gear 31, the first motor 19 can be started. The first motor 19 drives the first transmission rod 20 to rotate. At this time, the first transmission rod 20 drives the grinding wheel 21 to rotate. When the first motor 19 is started, the second motor 25 is started at the same time. The second motor 25 drives the second transmission rod 26 to rotate. The second transmission rod 26 drives the gear 31 to rotate. Since the gear 31 meshes with the toothed ring 27 on the shell-breaking hammer 7, the gear 31 drives the shell-breaking hammer 7 on the hydraulic rod 4 to rotate. After the shell-breaking hammer 7 starts to rotate, the grinding wheel 21 can polish the surface of the shell-breaking hammer 7 and polish the electrolyte adhering to the shell-breaking hammer 7. This process increases the service life of the shell-breaking hammer 7 and reduces the corrosion of the shell-breaking hammer 7 by the electrolyte solution.

[0032] When alumina needs to be added to the feed inlet for reaction, it is first placed in the storage silo 29, and then transported to the electrolytic cell 1 through the feed pipe 30. At this time, the feed pipe 30 is connected to the first feed inlet 12 on the insulation frame 8, but the first feed inlet 12 is not connected to the second feed inlet 14. At this time, the alumina is blocked in the feed pipe 30. The hydraulic rod 4 drives the connecting frame 5 to rise as a whole. When the hydraulic rod 4 drives the connecting frame 5 to move upward, the first limiting rod 6 limits the connecting frame 5, so that the connecting frame 5 will rise with the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 4. When the connecting frame 5 rises beyond... During the process, since the second limiting rod 22 and the third limiting rod 28 are both located on the connecting frame 5, when the connecting frame 5 rises, it will drive the first transmission rod 20 and the first motor 19 to slide and rise within the first sliding frame 16 through the first sliding plate 18, keeping the grinding wheel 21 on the first transmission rod 20 in constant contact with the shell-breaking hammer head 7 on the hydraulic rod 4. The rise of the connecting frame 5 will also drive the second transmission rod 26 and the second motor 25 on the third limiting rod 28 to slide and rise within the second sliding frame 23 through the second sliding plate 24, keeping the gear 31 on the second transmission rod 26 always meshing with the toothed ring 27 on the shell-breaking hammer head 7.

[0033] When the connecting frame 5 moves upward, it will drive the insulation frame 8 to move upward as well. At this time, the feed pipe 30, being a flexible hose, will also move along with the insulation frame 8. Due to gravity, the sliding baffle 10 in the sliding groove 13 will remain in the same position and slide a certain distance within the sliding groove 13. The sliding baffle 10 will always remain in contact with the shell layer 3. After the insulation frame 8 moves upward a certain distance, the hydraulic rod 4 will stop working, and the first feed port 12 on the insulation frame 8 will connect with the second feed port 14 on the sliding baffle 10. The alumina that was previously blocked in the feed pipe 30 will enter the shell layer 3 through the first feed port 12 and the second feed port 14, and then enter the feed port opened by the shell-breaking hammer 7. The alumina that was previously blocked in the feed pipe 30 was preheated by entering the electrolytic cell 1, which made the subsequent reaction and decomposition faster. When it is necessary to stop feeding alumina into the feed port, the hydraulic rod 4 is activated to move downward, ending the connection between the first feed port 12 and the second feed port 14. At this time, the first limit rod 6 on the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 4 does not limit the connecting frame 5. The connecting frame 5 and the insulation frame 8 automatically follow the hydraulic rod 4 downward by gravity. At this time, the pressure sensor 9 prevents the insulation frame 8 from excessively damaging the shell layer 3, and prevents the rest of the shell layer 3 except for the feed port from being damaged, which would cause the heat inside the shell layer 3 to dissipate excessively, thus reducing the internal reaction rate.

[0034] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model, and common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or its practicality.

Claims

1. An electrolytic cell blanking structure, characterized by: The utility model provides an electrolytic cell, crust layer, hydraulic rod, connecting frame, first limit rod, crust hammer head, heat preservation mechanism, cleaning mechanism and two feeding mechanisms, the electrolytic cell forms the crust layer in, the electrolytic cell is provided with the hydraulic rod, the hydraulic rod telescopic end is worn on the connecting frame, the hydraulic rod telescopic end is fixedly connected with the first limit rod, the first limit rod is located in the connecting frame, the hydraulic rod telescopic end is provided with rotatable crust hammer head, the crust hammer head is below the first limit rod, the connecting frame is provided with the heat preservation mechanism for the heat preservation of electrolytic cell, the heat preservation mechanism is provided with the cleaning mechanism for the cleaning of crust hammer head, and electrolytic cell is provided with two feeding mechanisms respectively for conveying alumina.

2. A cell feed structure according to claim 1, wherein: The heat preservation mechanism includes a heat preservation frame, two sliding baffles and a one-way plate, the connecting frame is provided with the heat preservation frame, two sliding baffles are respectively slidably clamped on the heat preservation frame, two second feed openings are respectively formed in the two sliding baffles, the two second feed openings are respectively communicated with two first feed openings formed in the heat preservation frame, the two first feed openings are communicated with the inside of the heat preservation frame, and the heat preservation frame is provided with a one-way plate.

3. A cell feed structure according to claim 2, wherein: The cleaning mechanism includes a first sliding frame, a first sliding plate, a first motor, a first transmission rod, a grinding wheel and a second limit rod, the electrolytic cell is provided with the first sliding frame, the first sliding plate is slidably clamped in the first sliding frame, the first motor is arranged on the first sliding plate, the first transmission rod is fixedly connected to the power output end of the first motor, the first transmission rod is worn on the connecting frame, the grinding wheel and the second limit rod are arranged on the first transmission rod, and the grinding wheel can contact the crust hammer head.

4. A cell feed structure according to claim 3, wherein: The cleaning mechanism further includes a second sliding frame, a second sliding plate, a second motor, a second transmission rod, a gear and a third limit rod, the electrolytic cell is provided with the second sliding frame, the second sliding plate is slidably clamped in the second sliding frame, the second motor is arranged on the second sliding plate, the second transmission rod is fixedly connected to the power output end of the second motor, the gear and the third limit rod are arranged on the second transmission rod, and the gear can be engaged with the tooth ring arranged on the crust hammer head.

5. A cell feed structure according to claim 4, wherein: The feeding mechanism includes a storage bin and a feeding pipe, the electrolytic cell is provided with the storage bin, the feeding pipe is arranged on the storage bin, and the feeding pipe can be communicated with the first feed opening formed in the heat preservation frame.

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