Piston macrostructure detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of piston detection, in particular to a piston macrostructure detection device. The device comprises a bottom plate; the positioning cone is mounted on the bottom plate and is used for being inserted into and fixing a piston pin hole; one end of the pressing plate is provided with a protruding part protruding downwards, the protruding part is supported on the bottom plate, the other end of the pressing plate is inserted into a piston inner pin seat, a hole is formed in the middle of the pressing plate, a fastener is arranged in the hole, the tail end of the fastener is installed on the bottom plate, and the pressing plate and the piston are fixed. Compared with a nondestructive testing method, the macroscopic detection device for the piston has the beneficial effects that the structure is simple and practical, the macroscopic structure defects in the cast piston can be quickly and intuitively detected, and the rectification and reformation of a casting workshop are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of piston detection technology, and in particular to a piston macrostructure detection device. Background Technology

[0002] In the aerospace and low-altitude aircraft fields, the continuous improvement of engine performance places higher demands on pistons: they must possess characteristics such as high strength, high temperature resistance, and lightweight. Cast aluminum alloy pistons have become the mainstream choice due to their excellent comprehensive performance, but their service reliability is highly dependent on the quality of their macrostructure. Specifically, the macrostructure of the piston (such as grain size, uniformity of distribution, shrinkage porosity, and other defects) directly affects its high-temperature load-bearing capacity, fatigue resistance, and thermomechanical stability. If the macrostructure has problems such as grain coarsening, local porosity, or segregation, the piston will be prone to creep deformation, hot crack propagation, or even premature failure under extreme operating conditions, seriously threatening the safe operation of the engine. Therefore, macrostructure inspection is a core step in ensuring piston performance meets standards and optimizing material processing.

[0003] While ultrasonic testing and X-ray inspection can achieve non-destructive testing, they are mainly for macroscopic defects such as internal cracks and pores. They have limited ability to quantitatively analyze key microstructure parameters such as grain size and uniformity of distribution, and are easily affected by the complex geometry of pistons (such as ring grooves and pin holes), resulting in blind spots in the inspection. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for detecting macroscopic microstructure defects in pistons, enabling production line workers to quickly and visually inspect the internal macroscopic microstructure of cast pistons, facilitating rectification in the foundry workshop. To achieve this purpose, this invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A piston macroscopic tissue detection device, comprising:

[0006] Base plate;

[0007] A positioning cone, mounted on the base plate, is used to insert into and fix the piston pin hole;

[0008] A pressure plate, one end of which has a downwardly protruding portion supported on a base plate, the other end of which is inserted into a piston inner pin seat, and a hole in the middle of the pressure plate, the hole containing a...

[0009] Fasteners, the ends of which are mounted on the base plate, secure the pressure plate and the piston.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a frustum is provided on the upper part of the positioning cone, and the frustum is a conical frustum that matches the piston pin hole.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a first bolt hole is provided on the base plate, and a lead screw is provided at the lower part of the positioning cone. The positioning cone is installed in the first bolt hole through the lead screw.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the upper part of the positioning cone is provided with a plurality of frustums from top to bottom, and the plurality of frustums are used to match piston pin holes of different models.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the top of the positioning cone is also provided with a head, and the head is provided with a driving feature, which is an internal driving feature or an external driving feature.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the fastener is a bolt fastener, and a second bolt hole is provided on the base plate, and the bolt fastener is installed in the second bolt hole.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a positioning groove is also provided on the base plate. The positioning groove is located on the line connecting the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole, and the first bolt hole is located in the positioning groove.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the side of the convex part of the pressure plate that contacts the bottom plate is an arc surface, and the arc surface is an outwardly convex arc surface.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a piston macrostructure detection device further includes a protective cover, which is installed on the base plate and surrounds the piston to be detected, with an opening at the top.

[0018] The advantages of this invention are: compared with non-destructive testing methods, this piston macroscopic inspection device has a simple and practical structure, can quickly and intuitively inspect the internal macroscopic structural defects of the cast piston, and facilitates rectification in the foundry workshop.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of a piston macroscopic tissue detection device according to this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the base plate;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the positioning cone;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of the pressure plate;

[0025] List of reference numerals in the attached drawings: base plate 1, positioning cone 2, pressure plate 3, fastener 4, protective cover 5, piston 6, positioning groove 11, first bolt hole 12, second bolt hole 13, lead screw 21, frustum 22, head 23, hole 31, protrusion 32, arc surface 33. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a piston macroscopic tissue detection device includes:

[0028] Base plate 1;

[0029] The positioning cone 2 is installed on the base plate 1 and is used to insert into and fix the piston pin hole. Specifically, the upper part of the positioning cone 2 is provided with a frustum 22, which is a conical frustum that matches the piston pin hole.

[0030] A pressure plate 3 has a downwardly protruding protrusion 32 at one end, which is supported on the base plate 1. The other end of the pressure plate 3 is inserted into the piston inner pin seat. A hole 31 is provided in the middle of the pressure plate 3, and a fastener 4 is provided in the hole 31. The end of the fastener 4 is installed on the base plate 1 to fix the pressure plate 3 and the piston. Specifically, the fastener 4 is a bolt fastener, and a second bolt hole 13 is provided on the base plate 1, in which the bolt fastener is installed.

[0031] In this implementation, the operator places the piston 6 on the positioning cone 2. Specifically, the frustum 22 above the positioning cone 2 is inserted into and mates with the piston pin hole, placing the piston 6 in a horizontal position. At this time, the positioning cone 2 provides upward support and positioning for the piston. The end of the pressure plate 3 away from the protrusion 32 is inserted into the inner pin seat of the piston 6, and the protrusion 32 of the pressure plate 3 presses against the base plate 1. The fastener 4 is a bolt fastener, which is inserted into the hole 31 and threaded onto the second bolt hole 13. By applying downward pressure to the pressure plate 3, the piston 6 is fixed. After the piston 6 is fixed, the operator uses a hammer to strike the piston head. Areas with poor macroscopic structure in the piston head crack first, and the internal defects of the piston head are then visually apparent.

[0032] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, to accommodate the testing requirements of different piston models, the base plate 1 is provided with a first bolt hole 12. The lower part of the positioning cone 2 is a lead screw 21. The positioning cone 2 is installed in the first bolt hole 12 through the lead screw 21, which allows for adjustment of the positioning cone height. Multiple frustums 22 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the upper part of the positioning cone 2. These frustums 22 are used to match the pin holes of different piston models.

[0033] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the top of the positioning cone 2 is also provided with a head 23, and the head 23 is provided with a driving feature, which can be an internal driving feature or an external driving feature. The internal driving feature is a hexagonal socket, slotted slot, cross slot, etc., and the external driving feature is an external hexagonal socket, etc. Through this driving feature, the operator can use appropriate tools to adjust the height of the positioning cone 2. The specific implementation method is as follows: the initial position of the positioning cone 2 is low. The operator aligns the piston pin hole with the positioning cone 2 and inserts it. Then, the operator uses a screwdriver or hexagonal socket to rotate the positioning cone 2 to adjust the height of the positioning cone to match the short axis of the piston, so that the piston 6 is in a horizontal state. At this time, the positioning cone 2 provides upward support and positioning effect to the piston. One end of the pressure plate 3 is inserted into the inner pin seat of the piston 6. The protrusion 32 of the pressure plate 3 presses on the base plate 1. The bolt fasteners fix the pressure plate 3. By applying downward pressure to the pressure plate 3, the piston 6 is fixed. After piston 6 is fixed in place, the operator uses a hammer to strike the piston head. Areas with poor macroscopic structure on the piston head crack first, and the internal defects of the piston head can be seen directly after cracking.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, to prevent the piston 6 from rolling left and right, a positioning groove 11 is also provided on the base plate 1. Preferably, the positioning groove 11 can be a positioning groove with a V-shaped cross-section. The positioning groove 11 is located on the line connecting the first bolt hole 12 and the second bolt hole 13, with the first bolt hole 12 located within the positioning groove 11. The purpose of this arrangement is that the positioning groove 11 can prevent the piston 6 from moving left and right, and the positioning cone 2 can prevent the piston 6 from moving back and forth, further positioning the piston 6.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, due to the different sizes of different piston models, the tilt angle of the pressure plate 3 after it is fixed is different. In order to ensure better contact between the protrusion 32 of the pressure plate 3 and the base plate 1, the side of the protrusion 32 of the pressure plate 3 that contacts the base plate 1 is an arc surface 33, and the arc surface 33 is an outwardly protruding arc surface.

[0036] To prevent injury from piston breakage and loss of damaged parts, this utility model also provides a protective cover 5, which is installed on the base plate 1 and surrounds the piston to be tested. The top of the protective cover 5 is open.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0038] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A piston macrostructure detection device characterized by comprising: The device comprises: a base plate (1); a positioning cone (2) installed on the base plate (1) for inserting and fixing the piston pin hole; a pressing plate (3), one end of which is provided with a downward protruding convex part (32) which is supported on the base plate (1), the other end of which is inserted into the piston inner pin seat, and the middle part of which is provided with a hole (31) in which a fastener (4) is arranged, the end of which is installed on the base plate (1) to fix the pressing plate (3) and the piston.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the positioning cone (2) is provided with a circular truncated cone (22) which is a tapered circular truncated cone matching the piston pin hole.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the base plate (1) is provided with a first bolt hole (12), and the lower part of the positioning cone (2) is a lead screw (21), and the positioning cone (2) is installed in the first bolt hole (12) through the lead screw (21).

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of circular truncated cones (22) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom on the upper part of the positioning cone (2), which are used to match different types of piston pin holes.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein a head (23) is further arranged on the top of the positioning cone (2), and the head (23) is provided with a driving feature which is an internal driving feature or an external driving feature.

6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the fastener (4) is a bolt fastener, and the base plate (1) is provided with a second bolt hole (13) in which the bolt fastener is installed.

7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the base plate (1) is further provided with a positioning groove (11) which is arranged on the line connecting the first bolt hole (12) and the second bolt hole (13), and the first bolt hole (12) is arranged in the positioning groove (11).

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the side of the convex part (32) of the pressing plate (3) in contact with the base plate (1) is an arc surface (33) which is an outwardly convex arc surface.

9. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a protective cover (5) which is installed on the base plate (1) to surround the detected piston, and the top of the protective cover (5) is open.

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