High-voltage box of electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-voltage box of an electric automobile, and belongs to the technical field of high-voltage boxes. Comprising a box body and a driving circuit arranged in the box body, and a battery management part connected with the driving circuit is further arranged in the box body; the first fixing supports are arranged on the two sides of the box body in the height direction of the box body; the second fixing supports are arranged on the two sides of the box body in the width direction of the box body; a first connector is arranged in the height direction of the box body and is arranged on the front surface of the box body in the length direction of the box body; the manual maintenance switch is arranged on the front face of the box body in the length direction of the box body; and the second connector is arranged on the front surface of the box body along the length direction of the box body. The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that the length and height space of the box body is fully utilized, the arrangement of the whole vehicle is facilitated, the structure is compact, and the combination of the first fixing support and the second fixing support enables the high-voltage box to adapt to the requirements of suspension type side edge fixation and bottom fixation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of high-voltage box technology, and in particular to a high-voltage box for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, more and more commercial vehicles and heavy trucks are adopting new energy batteries. In these vehicles, the power supply of the entire vehicle's battery system reaches up to 700V, requiring even higher current. This necessitates higher electrical requirements for the high-voltage box with power distribution capabilities, necessitating high-power charging and discharging functions. Due to significant differences in the spatial dimensions of various vehicle models, high-voltage boxes are generally square with a large width, making them unsuitable for narrow application scenarios. Furthermore, the high-voltage box is typically fixed at the bottom of the enclosure, which does not accommodate the requirements of side-mounted suspension systems. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-voltage box for electric vehicles to solve the above-mentioned technical problems;

[0004] A high-voltage box for an electric vehicle includes,

[0005] The enclosure and the drive circuit disposed within the enclosure, the enclosure also being equipped with a battery management unit connected to the drive circuit;

[0006] The first fixed bracket is provided on both sides of the box along the height direction of the box;

[0007] The second fixed bracket is provided on both sides of the box body along the width direction of the box body;

[0008] It is provided along the height direction of the box body.

[0009] The first connector is disposed on the front side of the housing along the length direction of the housing;

[0010] A manual maintenance switch is located on the front of the enclosure along the length of the enclosure.

[0011] The second connector is located on the front of the housing along the length of the housing.

[0012] Preferably, the manual maintenance switch includes a first manual maintenance switch and a second manual maintenance switch;

[0013] The second connector includes a discharge positive plug, a second battery positive plug, a first battery positive plug, a charging positive plug, a first battery negative plug, a second battery negative plug, a discharge negative plug, and a charging negative plug.

[0014] Preferably, the driving circuit includes,

[0015] A main positive relay, the first end of which is connected to the first output terminal of the battery management unit, and the second end of which is connected to the discharge positive plug;

[0016] A main negative relay, the first end of which is connected to the second output terminal of the battery management unit, and the second end of which is connected to the charging negative plug;

[0017] A positive charging relay, wherein the first end of the positive charging relay is connected to the third output terminal of the battery management unit, the second end of the positive charging relay is connected to the positive charging plug, and the third end of the positive charging relay is connected to the third terminal of the main positive relay;

[0018] A charging negative relay, wherein the first end of the charging negative relay is connected to the fourth output terminal of the battery management unit, the second end of the charging negative relay is connected to the discharging negative plug, and the third end of the charging negative relay is connected to the third end of the main negative relay.

[0019] Preferably, the driving circuit further includes,

[0020] A pre-charge relay, wherein the first terminal of the pre-charge relay is connected to the fifth output terminal of the battery management unit, the second terminal of the pre-charge relay is connected to the second terminal of the main positive relay through a pre-charge resistor in series, and the third terminal of the pre-charge relay is connected to the third terminal of the main positive relay;

[0021] A branch positive relay, wherein the first terminal of the branch positive relay is connected to the sixth output terminal of the battery management unit, and the second terminal of the branch positive relay is connected to the third terminal of the main positive relay;

[0022] The first Hall current sensor has its first end connected to the sixth output terminal of the battery management unit, its second end connected to the second terminal of the branch positive relay, and its third end connected to the first manual maintenance switch.

[0023] The second Hall current sensor has its first end connected to the sixth output terminal of the battery management unit, its second end connected to the third terminal of the branch positive relay, and its third end connected to the second manual maintenance switch.

[0024] A shunt, wherein the first end of the shunt is connected to the seventh output terminal of the battery management unit, the second end of the shunt is connected to the third terminal of the main negative relay, and the third end of the shunt is connected to the first battery negative plug and the second battery negative plug.

[0025] Preferably, the first connector includes a first communication connector, a second communication connector, and a maintenance connector;

[0026] The maintenance connector is connected to the eighth output terminal of the battery management unit, the first communication connector is connected to the ninth output terminal of the battery management unit, and the second communication connector is connected to the tenth output terminal of the battery management unit.

[0027] Preferably, the discharge positive plug is connected to both the second manual maintenance switch and the charging positive plug;

[0028] The positive charging plug is also connected to the negative discharging plug;

[0029] The discharge negative plug is also connected to the charging negative plug;

[0030] The charging negative plug is also connected to the eleventh output terminal of the battery management unit.

[0031] Preferably, the first positive battery connector is connected to the first manual maintenance switch;

[0032] The first manual maintenance switch is also connected to the second manual maintenance switch;

[0033] The second manual maintenance switch is also connected to the second battery positive plug.

[0034] Preferably, both the first fixed bracket and the second fixed bracket are L-shaped brackets.

[0035] Preferably, the front of the housing is also provided with a vent valve near the first connector.

[0036] Preferably, the bottom plate of the housing includes the shunt, the first Hall current sensor, the pre-charge resistor, and the second Hall current sensor arranged in a straight line.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: it makes full use of the length and height space of the box, which facilitates the overall vehicle layout, has a compact structure, and the combination of the first fixed bracket and the second fixed bracket enables the high voltage box to adapt to the requirements of suspended side fixing and bottom fixing. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a front view of the high-voltage box of the electric vehicle according to this utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the high-voltage box of the electric vehicle according to this utility model;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a rear oblique view of the high-voltage box of the electric vehicle according to this utility model;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a front oblique view of the high-voltage box of the electric vehicle according to this utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driving circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0044] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] A high-voltage box for an electric vehicle, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, including,

[0047] The housing 1 and the drive circuit 2 disposed inside the housing 1, and the housing 1 is also provided with a battery management unit 3 connected to the drive circuit 2;

[0048] The first fixed bracket 4 is provided on both sides of the box 1 along the height direction of the box 1;

[0049] The second fixed bracket 5 is provided on both sides of the box 1 along the width direction of the box 1;

[0050] It is provided along the height direction of box 1,

[0051] The first connector 6 is located on the front of the housing 1 along the length of the housing 1;

[0052] The manual maintenance switch 7 is located on the front of the box 1 along the length of the box 1.

[0053] The second connector 8 is located on the front of the housing 1 along the length of the housing 1.

[0054] Specifically, this utility model provides a high-voltage box for electric vehicles, which makes full use of the length and height space of the box body 1. Compared with conventional boxes, the width is reduced by half. The box body 1 is narrow and long, which facilitates the layout of the whole vehicle and has a compact structure. The combination of the first fixed bracket 4 and the second fixed bracket 5 enables the high-voltage box to adapt to two fixing position requirements: suspension side fixing and bottom fixing.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the manual maintenance switch 7 includes a first manual maintenance switch 71 and a second manual maintenance switch 72;

[0056] The second connector 8 includes a discharge positive plug 81, a second battery positive plug 83, a first battery positive plug 82, a charging positive plug 84, a first battery negative plug 85, a second battery negative plug 86, a discharge negative plug 87, and a charging negative plug 88.

[0057] Specifically, the manual maintenance switch 7 can quickly disconnect the circuit in abnormal situations, protecting the components inside the high-voltage box and preventing damage due to overcurrent or short circuits. If a short circuit fault occurs in the circuit, the manual maintenance switch 7 can cut off the current, reducing the impact of the fault on the system and maintaining system stability.

[0058] When discharging, the positive discharge connector 81 connects the positive terminal of the battery pack to the discharge circuit to release electrical energy; when charging, the positive charging connector 84 connects the charger to the positive terminal of the battery pack to achieve charging and meet the charging and discharging needs of the vehicle.

[0059] The first battery positive connector 82, the second battery positive connector 83, the first battery negative connector 85, and the second battery negative connector 86 connect to different parts of the battery pack, facilitating the battery management unit 3 to collect data such as battery voltage, current, and temperature, enabling precise management and ensuring battery performance and lifespan. For example, by collecting data through these connectors, the system can adjust charging and discharging strategies in a timely manner to avoid overcharging and over-discharging.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, referencing Figure 5 The driving circuit 2 includes,

[0061] The main positive relay K1 has its first end connected to the first output terminal of the battery management unit 3, and its second end connected to the discharge positive plug-in 81.

[0062] Main negative relay K2, the first end of the main negative relay K2 is connected to the second output end of the battery management unit 3, and the second end of the main negative relay K2 is connected to the charging negative plug 88;

[0063] The positive charging relay K3 has its first terminal connected to the third output terminal of the battery management unit 3, its second terminal connected to the positive charging plug-in 84, and its third terminal connected to the third terminal of the main positive relay K1.

[0064] The charging negative relay K4 has its first end connected to the fourth output terminal of the battery management unit 3, its second end connected to the discharge negative plug-in 87, and its third end connected to the third end of the main negative relay K2.

[0065] The drive circuit 2 also includes,

[0066] The precharge relay K5 has its first terminal connected to the fifth output terminal of the battery management unit 3, its second terminal connected to the second terminal of the main positive relay K1 via a precharge resistor R1 connected in series, and its third terminal connected to the third terminal of the main positive relay K1.

[0067] Branch positive relay K6, the first terminal of branch positive relay K6 is connected to the sixth output terminal of battery management unit 3, and the second terminal of branch positive relay K6 is connected to the third terminal of main positive relay K1;

[0068] The first Hall current sensor 9 has its first end connected to the sixth output terminal of the battery management unit 3, its second end connected to the second end of the branch positive relay K6, and its third end connected to the first manual maintenance switch 71.

[0069] The second Hall current sensor 10 has its first end connected to the sixth output terminal of the battery management unit 3, its second end connected to the third end of the branch positive relay K6, and its third end connected to the second manual maintenance switch 72.

[0070] Shunt 11, the first end of shunt 11 is connected to the seventh output terminal of battery management unit 3, the second end of shunt 11 is connected to the third terminal of main negative relay K2, and the third end of shunt 11 is connected to the first battery negative plug 85 and the second battery negative plug 86.

[0071] Specifically, the low-voltage terminal of the main positive relay K1 is connected to the battery management unit (battery management system) and controlled by the battery management unit 3. The second terminal of the main positive relay K1 is connected to the vehicle's power supply terminal through the discharge positive connector (discharge positive plug 81). The third terminal of the main positive relay K1 is connected to the combined positive terminal of the two branch batteries. The third terminal is connected to the rear end of the battery branch relay, and then to each battery terminal through the branch relay and connector.

[0072] The low-voltage end of the main negative relay K2 is connected to the battery management unit 3 and controlled by the battery management unit 3. The second end of the main negative relay K2 is connected to the discharge negative connector (charging negative plug 88). The third end of the main negative relay K2 is connected to each battery terminal through the shunt 11, and then through the first battery negative plug 85 and the second battery negative plug 86.

[0073] The low-voltage terminal of the positive charging relay K3 is connected to the battery management unit 3, the second terminal of the positive charging relay K3 is connected to the positive charging plug 84, and the third terminal of the positive charging relay K3 is connected to the positive terminal of each system power battery through the positive battery plug.

[0074] The low-voltage control connection of the branch positive relay K6 is to the battery management unit 3, with one end connected to the branch MSD (manual maintenance switch 7) and the other end connected to the charge / discharge positive relay; the pre-charge relay K5 and the pre-charge resistor R1 are connected in series and then in parallel with the main positive relay K1. The low-voltage connection of the pre-charge relay K5 is to the battery management unit 3, with one end connected to the pre-charge resistor R1 and the other end connected to the main positive relay K1.

[0075] Reference Figure 2 A vertical line is drawn between the charging positive plug 84 and the first battery negative plug 85. All negative electrodes are arranged in the area to the right of the vertical line of the high voltage box, and the positive electrodes are concentrated in the area to the left of the vertical line of the high voltage box. Separating the positive and negative electrodes increases product safety.

[0076] The positive and negative relays and connectors are located in the same position, which reduces the length of the copper busbar.

[0077] The low-voltage control harness is fixed to the base plate 13 with cable ties, and the acquisition harness is routed along the box 1 through the fixed harness bracket. The high and low voltage harnesses can be effectively staggered to avoid mutual signal interference.

[0078] The positive and negative poles inside the high-voltage box are distributed on the left and right sides of a vertical line, and the internal copper busbars are arranged more neatly and reasonably, resulting in higher safety.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the first connector 6 includes a first communication connector 61, a second communication connector 62, and a maintenance connector 63;

[0080] The maintenance connector 63 is connected to the eighth output terminal of the battery management unit 3, the first communication connector 61 is connected to the ninth output terminal of the battery management unit 3, and the second communication connector 62 is connected to the tenth output terminal of the battery management unit 3.

[0081] The discharge positive plug 81 is connected to the second manual maintenance switch 72 and the charging positive plug 84 respectively;

[0082] The charging positive plug 84 is also connected to the discharging negative plug 87;

[0083] The discharge negative plug 87 is also connected to the charging negative plug 88;

[0084] The charging negative plug 88 is also connected to the eleventh output terminal of the battery management unit 3;

[0085] The first battery positive plug 82 is connected to the first manual maintenance switch 71;

[0086] The first manual maintenance switch 71 is also connected to the second manual maintenance switch 72;

[0087] The second manual maintenance switch 72 is also connected to the second battery positive plug 83.

[0088] Specifically, multiple communication connectors are independently connected to different output terminals of the battery management unit 3, avoiding data transmission congestion and interference, making data transmission more orderly and efficient.

[0089] Taking the charging process as an example, the charging positive plug 84 is connected to the discharging negative plug 87, and then the discharging negative plug 87 is connected to the charging negative plug 88, forming a complete and reasonable charging current path. This connection method can effectively reduce circuit resistance and reduce heat generation and energy loss during the charging process. During the discharging process, the connection between the discharging positive plug 81 and the charging positive plug 84, etc., can also ensure smooth current output and improve discharge performance.

[0090] The connections between the various connectors and the manual service switch 7 are tight and orderly, reducing unnecessary connection links and external wiring harnesses.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, both the first fixing bracket 4 and the second fixing bracket 5 are L-shaped brackets.

[0092] Specifically, L-shaped fixing brackets are added to both sides of the enclosure 1 and connected to the enclosure 1 body, so that the high-voltage box can be installed on the side.

[0093] Meanwhile, the bottom of the enclosure 1 is also connected to the main body of the enclosure 1 via an L-shaped bracket, so that the high-voltage box can be fixed from the bottom.

[0094] The L-shaped bracket has a unique right-angle structure, with one side fitting against the side or bottom of the housing 1, and the other side used to connect to the vehicle's mounting point. When installed on both sides of the housing 1, its vertical part connects to the side of the housing 1, and its horizontal part can connect to the vehicle's suspension structure or side frame to achieve side fixation.

[0095] When installed at the bottom of housing 1, the vertical portion connects to the bottom surface of housing 1, and the horizontal portion connects to the mounting point at the bottom of the vehicle, thus achieving bottom fixation and providing flexible installation options. This allows the high-voltage box to have two installation methods: suspended side fixation and bottom fixation, better adapting to the spatial layout and installation requirements of different vehicle models. In some vehicle models with limited space, side installation can be selected to save bottom space and optimize the overall vehicle layout.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the front of the housing 1 is also provided with a vent valve 12 near the first connector 6.

[0097] Specifically, the high-pressure box is also equipped with a breather valve 12, which can better maintain the internal and external air pressure, which is beneficial to the stability of the product.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom plate 13 of the housing 1 includes a shunt 11, a first Hall current sensor 9, a pre-charge resistor R1, and a second Hall current sensor 10 arranged in a straight line.

[0099] Specifically, the high-voltage connector (second connector 8), low-voltage connector (first connector 6), and MSD are all arranged on the front. The low-voltage connector, MSD, and high-voltage connector are arranged vertically on the front. Relays, current sensors, shunts 11, etc., are arranged in a straight line at the bottom of the cavity of the housing 1 via the base plate 13. The battery management unit 3 and pre-charge resistor R1 are arranged inside the housing 1, staggered vertically from the connectors, making full use of the width and height space and saving width space.

[0100] The high-voltage box of the strip-shaped dual-system electric vehicle of this utility model consists of two systems. The high-voltage box is externally connected to two battery pack systems, and the high-voltage box is internally connected to the entire electric vehicle system for discharging and charging via copper busbars.

[0101] The dual-system high-voltage box includes a discharge positive circuit, a discharge negative circuit, a charging positive circuit, a charging negative circuit, and a pre-charge circuit. Each circuit is controlled by a relay to switch on and off.

[0102] By fully utilizing the length and height of the high-voltage box's internal space, the width of the high-voltage box is significantly reduced, thus minimizing its footprint in the electric vehicle's dimensions. The positive and negative terminals are respectively located on both sides of the high-voltage box. The internal copper busbar wiring harness is arranged more neatly and rationally, resulting in higher safety. Simultaneously, the shorter copper busbars reduce the design cost of the high-voltage box.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the implementation method and protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should realize that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high voltage box of an electric vehicle, characterized by, The application relates to a battery management device. The battery management device comprises a box body and a driving circuit arranged in the box body, wherein a battery management part connected with the driving circuit is arranged in the box body; A first fixing support is arranged on both sides of the box body along the height direction of the box body; A second fixing support is arranged on both sides of the box body along the width direction of the box body; A first connector is arranged on the front surface of the box body along the length direction of the box body; A manual maintenance switch is arranged on the front surface of the box body along the length direction of the box body; A second connector is arranged on the front surface of the box body along the length direction of the box body. The manual maintenance switch comprises a first manual maintenance switch and a second manual maintenance switch; 2. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, The second connector comprises a discharge positive plug, a second battery positive plug, a first battery positive plug, a charging positive plug, a first battery negative plug, a second battery negative plug, a discharge negative plug and a charging negative plug. The driving circuit comprises 3. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized by, A main positive relay, wherein the first end of the main positive relay is connected with the first output end of the battery management part, and the second end of the main positive relay is connected with the discharge positive plug; A main negative relay, wherein the first end of the main negative relay is connected with the second output end of the battery management part, and the second end of the main negative relay is connected with the charging negative plug; A charging positive relay, wherein the first end of the charging positive relay is connected with the third output end of the battery management part, the second end of the charging positive relay is connected with the charging positive plug, and the third end of the charging positive relay is connected with the third end of the main positive relay; A charging negative relay, wherein the first end of the charging negative relay is connected with the fourth output end of the battery management part, the second end of the charging negative relay is connected with the discharge negative plug, and the third end of the charging negative relay is connected with the third end of the main negative relay. The driving circuit further comprises 4. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized by, A pre-charge relay, wherein the first end of the pre-charge relay is connected with the fifth output end of the battery management part, the second end of the pre-charge relay is connected with the second end of the main positive relay through a pre-charge resistor in series connection, and the third end of the pre-charge relay is connected with the third end of the main positive relay; A branch positive relay, wherein the first end of the branch positive relay is connected with the sixth output end of the battery management part, and the second end of the branch positive relay is connected with the third end of the main positive relay; A first Hall current sensor, wherein the first end of the first Hall current sensor is connected with the sixth output end of the battery management part, the second end of the first Hall current sensor is connected with the second end of the branch positive relay, and the third end of the first Hall current sensor is connected with the first manual maintenance switch; A second Hall current sensor, wherein the first end of the second Hall current sensor is connected with the sixth output end of the battery management part, the second end of the second Hall current sensor is connected with the third end of the branch positive relay, and the third end of the second Hall current sensor is connected with the second manual maintenance switch. ​ A shunt, a first end of the shunt is connected to a seventh output end of the battery management unit, a second end of the shunt is connected to a third end of the main negative relay, a third end of the shunt is connected to the first battery negative plug and the second battery negative plug.

5. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, The first connector comprises a first communication connector, a second communication connector and a maintenance connector; The maintenance connector is connected to an eighth output end of the battery management unit, the first communication connector is connected to a ninth output end of the battery management unit, and the second communication connector is connected to a tenth output end of the battery management unit.

6. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein The discharge positive plug is connected to the second manual maintenance switch and the charge positive plug respectively; The charge positive plug is further connected to the discharge negative plug; The discharge negative plug is further connected to the charge negative plug; The charge negative plug is further connected to an eleventh output end of the battery management unit.

7. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein The first battery positive plug is connected to the first manual maintenance switch; The first manual maintenance switch is further connected to the second manual maintenance switch; The second manual maintenance switch is further connected to the second battery positive plug.

8. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, The first fixed support and the second fixed support are both L-shaped supports.

9. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The front of the box is further provided with a breather valve close to the first connector.

10. The high voltage box of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein The bottom plate of the box is arranged in a linear type and comprises the shunt, the first Hall current sensor, the pre-charge resistor and the second Hall current sensor.

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