Multilayer fiber prepreg and production device thereof

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials, and particularly relates to a multi-layer fiber prepreg and a production device thereof. The production device comprises a first upper adhesive film unwinding device, a first reinforcing material unwinding device, a first lower adhesive film unwinding device and a winding device, and the discharging end of the first upper adhesive film unwinding device, the discharging end of the first lower adhesive film unwinding device and the discharging end of the first reinforcing material unwinding device are connected with a first impregnation assembly. At least one reinforcing material laying assembly is arranged between the discharging end of the first impregnation assembly and the winding device, and the at least one reinforcing material laying assembly is connected in sequence. The prepreg comprises a single-layer fiber prepreg and N layers of reinforcing materials sequentially laid on the single-layer fiber prepreg, and a layer of resin adhesive film is laid on the side, away from the single-layer fiber prepreg, of each layer of reinforcing material. According to the invention, the fiber prepreg with large gram weight and high impregnation degree can be rapidly, efficiently and continuously produced on line, and the prepreg is good in stability and good in mechanical property.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials, and particularly relates to a multilayer fiber prepreg and a production device thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials are currently widely used in various fields such as aerospace, rail transportation and sports equipment. The current composite material market has been developing steadily and rapidly. Fiber prepreg is a widely used intermediate product in the field of composite materials. Compared with other molding methods, the resin content of the product prepared by using the prepreg is stable, the fiber mass fraction is high, and the performance of the final product can be ensured to be stable.

[0003] At present, due to the influence of raw materials and molding equipment, the resin impregnation of large grammage prepreg (including carbon fiber unidirectional prepreg, carbon fiber fabric prepreg, multi-axial warp-knitted fabric prepreg, etc.) is poor, which causes part of the dry yarn in the reinforcing material in the prepreg, so that the final product may have defects such as delamination or local area intensive bubble, thereby affecting the use of the final product. Therefore, the load-bearing parts in the current aerospace, rail transportation and high-end sports and leisure products are mostly made by using the process of prepreg autoclave molding or prepreg molding. In the use of the prepreg molding process, under the condition that the thickness of the product is constant, the number of layers of the small grammage prepreg is large, which leads to a large amount of human resources consumed in the laying process and affects the molding efficiency of the product. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the application provides a multilayer fiber prepreg and a production device thereof, which can continuously produce fiber prepreg with large grammage and high impregnation degree.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme provided by the application is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the application provides a production device of a multilayer fiber prepreg, comprising a first upper adhesive film unwinding device, a first reinforcing material unwinding device, a first lower adhesive film unwinding device and a winding device, the discharge end of the first upper adhesive film unwinding device, the first lower adhesive film unwinding device and the first reinforcing material unwinding device is connected with a first impregnation assembly, at least one set of reinforcing material laying assembly is arranged between the discharge end of the first impregnation assembly and the winding device, and the at least one set of reinforcing material laying assembly is sequentially connected.

[0007] Optionally, the reinforcing material laying assembly comprises a second traction roller and a second impregnation assembly arranged at the discharge end of the second traction roller, the discharge end of the second traction roller is further provided with a release paper winding device, and the inlet end of the second impregnation assembly is further provided with a second reinforcing material unwinding device and a second resin adhesive film unwinding device.

[0008] Optionally, the discharge end of the second reinforcing material unwinding device is arranged between the discharge end of the first impregnation assembly or the second impregnation assembly and the second resin film unwinding device.

[0009] Optionally, the first impregnation assembly comprises a first heating plate, a second impregnation roller and a second cooling plate connected in sequence.

[0010] Optionally, the reinforcing material laying assembly and the winding device are further provided with an upper release paper winding device, a PE film unwinding device and a PE pressing roller connected in sequence.

[0011] In a second aspect, the application provides a multi-layer fiber prepreg, comprising a single-layer fiber prepreg and N layers of reinforcing materials laid on the single-layer fiber prepreg in sequence, wherein each layer of the reinforcing materials is laid with a layer of resin film away from the single-layer fiber prepreg, and N≥1.

[0012] Optionally, the single-layer fiber prepreg comprises a first upper film, a first lower film and a first reinforcing material arranged between the first upper film and the first lower film.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The application adds N layers of reinforcing materials on the surface of the single-layer fiber prepreg produced online, adds one layer of resin film corresponding to each layer of the reinforcing material, performs impregnation treatment on the added reinforcing materials and resin films, and controls the impregnation temperature and pressure of the single-layer fiber prepreg preparation process and the impregnation temperature and pressure of the added reinforcing materials, so that the fiber prepreg with large grammage and high impregnation degree can be quickly and efficiently produced online and continuously, the stability and mechanical properties of the obtained multi-layer prepreg are greatly improved compared with the large grammage prepreg obtained by using the conventional prepreg pressing method, and the problem of low impregnation degree of the large grammage prepreg is solved; the single-layer fiber prepreg does not need to be wound, and the required grammage prepreg can be directly customized and produced online as needed. The impregnation temperature of the single-layer fiber prepreg preparation process is low, and the impregnation temperature of the added reinforcing materials is high, so that the balance of the upper and lower impregnation is good.

[0015] When the conventional two-film method process is used to produce the large grammage prepreg, the impregnation degree is less than 4, and when the prepreg is prepared by using the process (the same resin film and reinforcing fiber are selected), the impregnation degree is greater than or equal to 5 under the condition that the fiber area density is the same. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structure diagram of a multi-layer fiber prepreg in an embodiment of the application;

[0017] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structure diagram of a production device for a multi-layer fiber prepreg in an embodiment of the application;

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0019] 1. First top film unwinding device; 2. First bottom film unwinding device; 3. First reinforcing material unwinding device; 4. First impregnation roller A; 5. First heating plate; 6. First impregnation roller B; 7. First cooling plate; 8. Second traction roller; 9. Release paper winding device; 10. Second reinforcing material unwinding device; 11. Second resin film unwinding device; 12. Second impregnation roller A; 13. Second heating plate; 14. Second impregnation roller B; 15. Second cooling plate; 16. Third traction roller; 17. Second release paper winding device; 18. PE film unwinding device; 19. PE film pressing roller; 20. Winding device; 21. Single-layer fiber prepreg; 211. First top film; 212. First reinforcing material; 213. First bottom film; 22. Reinforcing material; 23. Resin film. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0022] All reagents and materials used in this example can be purchased routinely. The quantitative experiments involved in the examples were all repeated at least three times, and the results were averaged. Example

[0023] A multi-layer fiber prepreg, such as Figure 1 As shown, the material includes a single-layer fiber prepreg 21 and N layers of reinforcing material 22 sequentially laid on the single-layer fiber prepreg 21. Each layer of reinforcing material 22 has a resin film 23 laid on the side facing away from the single-layer fiber prepreg, where N≥1, and N is 1 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the single-layer fiber prepreg includes a first upper film 211, a first lower film 213, and a first reinforcing material 212 disposed between the first upper film 211 and the first lower film 213.

[0024] A production apparatus for multilayer fiber prepreg, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 2As shown, it comprises a first group of adhesive film unwinding device, a first reinforcing material unwinding device 3 and a winding device 20, the first group of adhesive film unwinding device comprises a first upper adhesive film unwinding device 1 and a first lower adhesive film unwinding device 2, the discharge end of the first upper adhesive film unwinding device 1, the first lower adhesive film unwinding device 2 and the first reinforcing material unwinding device 3 is connected with the first impregnation assembly, at least one group of reinforcing material laying assembly is arranged between the discharge end of the first impregnation assembly and the winding device 20, the at least one group of reinforcing material laying assembly is sequentially connected, the number of groups of the reinforcing material laying assembly can be selected according to the need, in the embodiment, one group of reinforcing material laying assembly is arranged between the discharge end of the first impregnation assembly and the winding device 20. The reinforcing material laying assembly comprises a second traction roller 8 and a second impregnation assembly arranged at the discharge end of the second traction roller 8, the discharge end of the second traction roller 8 is further provided with a release paper winding device 9, and the feed end of the second impregnation assembly is further provided with a second reinforcing material unwinding device 10 and a second resin adhesive film unwinding device 11.

[0025] The first impregnation assembly comprises a first impregnation roller A4, a first heating plate 5, three groups of first impregnation rollers B6 and a first cooling plate 7 which are sequentially connected; the discharge end of the first upper adhesive film unwinding device 1, the first lower adhesive film unwinding device 2 and the first reinforcing material unwinding device 3 is connected with the first impregnation roller A4; the discharge end of the first cooling plate 7 is connected with the feed end of the second traction roller 8.

[0026] The second impregnation assembly comprises two groups of second impregnation rollers A12, a second heating plate 13, three groups of second impregnation rollers B14 and a second cooling plate 15 which are sequentially connected; the discharge end of the second traction roller 8, the second reinforcing material unwinding device 10 and the second resin adhesive film unwinding device 11 are connected with the feed end of the front second impregnation roller A12; the discharge end of the second cooling plate 15 is connected with the third traction roller 16, the discharge end of the third traction roller 16 is connected with the second release paper winding device 17 and the PE film pressing roller 19, the feed end of the PE film pressing roller 19 is further connected with the PE film unwinding device 18, and the discharge end of the PE film pressing roller 19 is connected with the winding device 20.

[0027] The production device is used to prepare a multilayer fiber prepreg, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0028] Firstly, the upper and lower resin adhesive films and the first reinforcing material are led out from the discharge end of the first upper adhesive film unwinding device 1, the first lower adhesive film unwinding device 2 and the first reinforcing material unwinding device 3, the first upper adhesive film 211 and the first lower adhesive film 213 are respectively compounded with the upper and lower surfaces of the first reinforcing material 212, then pass through the first impregnation roller A4, the first upper adhesive film 211 and the first lower adhesive film 213 are melted and impregnated into the first reinforcing material 212 through the temperature and pressure action of the first impregnation roller A4, then sequentially pass through the first heating plate 5, three groups of first impregnation rollers B6, the first cooling plate 7 and are cooled to obtain a single layer fiber prepreg 21;

[0029] The single-layer fiber prepreg 21 moves under the traction of the second traction roller 8, peels off the upper release paper, combines with the second reinforcing material and the second resin film introduced by the second reinforcing material unwinding device 10 and the second resin film unwinding device 11 (the second reinforcing material is between the second resin film and the single-layer fiber prepreg), enters the second group of two second impregnation rollers A 12 for impregnation, and then sequentially passes through the second heating plate 13, the second group of three second impregnation rollers B 14 and the second cooling plate 15, is introduced by the third traction roller 16, and then is combined with the PE film introduced by the PE film unwinding device 18 after rewinding the upper release paper, and enters the PE film pressing roller 19 for pressing, and finally is wound by the winding device 20 to obtain the multi-layer fiber prepreg.

[0030] The temperature of the first impregnation roller A and the first impregnation roller B is 80-90℃, and the roller pressure is controlled at 0.1-0.2Mpa.

[0031] The temperature of the second impregnation roller A and the second impregnation roller B is controlled at 90-100℃, and the roller pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.4MPa.

[0032] The temperature of the first heating plate 5 is 85-95℃, and the temperature of the first cooling plate 7 is 18±3℃; the temperature of the second heating plate 13 is 95-105℃, and the temperature of the second cooling plate 15 is 18±3℃.

[0033] The production speed is 3m / min, and the multi-layer prepreg is obtained by winding.

[0034] The first reinforcing material uses Hengshen HF30F-12K fiber, and the fiber area density is 150g / m 2 ; the second reinforcing material uses Hengshen HFW220T twill fabric, and the fiber area density is 220g / m 2 ; the upper resin film and the lower resin film of the first group of resin films and the second resin film are all selected from the medium temperature curing epoxy resin of Hengshen Company, and the grammage is 124g / m 2 , 73g / m 2 , and 50g / m 2 , respectively.

[0035] The resin content of the obtained multi-layer fiber prepreg is controlled at 40±3%, and the total fiber area density is 370g / m 2 .

[0036] The conventional two-film method (the reinforcing material is contained in the middle of the upper and lower adhesive films) uses the same resin adhesive film and reinforcing material as in the present application to prepare a prepreg or a prepreg obtained by pressing a single-layer prepreg. In the case of the same fiber surface density of the prepreg in the present application, it is difficult to achieve a level of 4 in the impregnation degree. The multilayer fiber prepreg prepared by the preparation method in the present application can achieve a level of 5 or more in the impregnation degree, greatly improving the impregnation degree of the prepreg and reducing the problems of prepreg bulging and wrinkling caused by low impregnation degree.

[0037] The impregnation degree test method in the present application is as follows:

[0038] 1. Cut a carbon fiber unidirectional prepreg with a size of 20 cm * 5 cm (where 20 cm is the width direction size of the prepreg and 5 cm is the length direction size of the prepreg);

[0039] 2. Tear off the protective film or release paper on the upper and lower surfaces of the prepreg, and paste the upper and lower surfaces with pressure-sensitive adhesive tape and compact it;

[0040] 3. Tear the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape with force, and determine the impregnation degree according to the residual fiber on the upper and lower pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes. The higher the impregnation degree level, the higher the impregnation degree of the prepreg. The impregnation degree evaluation standard is shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Impregnation Degree Evaluation Standard

[0042] Immersion level Criteria 2nd Prepreg delamination severe (>10 cm), fuzzing in clusters and dry 3rd Prepreg delamination severe (>10 cm), fuzzing in clusters and dry 4th Prepreg sample delamination between one quarter and one half of sample length (5-10 cm), fuzzing present but not dry 5th Prepreg sample delamination within one quarter of sample length (<5 cm), but fuzzing present and dry 6th Prepreg sample delamination within one quarter of sample length (<5 cm), but fuzzing present and dry

Claims

1. A production apparatus for multilayer fiber prepreg, characterized in that, The device includes a first top film unwinding device, a first reinforcing material unwinding device, a first bottom film unwinding device, and a winding device. The discharge ends of the first top film unwinding device, the first bottom film unwinding device, and the first reinforcing material unwinding device are connected to a first impregnation component. At least one set of reinforcing material laying components is provided between the discharge end of the first impregnation component and the winding device, and the at least one set of reinforcing material laying components are connected in sequence.

2. The production apparatus for multilayer fiber prepreg according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing material laying assembly includes a second traction roller and a second impregnation assembly disposed at the discharge end of the second traction roller. The discharge end of the second traction roller is also provided with a release paper winding device, and the feed end of the second impregnation assembly is also provided with a second reinforcing material unwinding device and a second resin film unwinding device.

3. The production apparatus for multilayer fiber prepreg according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge end of the second reinforcing material unwinding device is located between the discharge end of the first impregnation component or the second impregnation component and the second resin film unwinding device.

4. The production apparatus for multilayer fiber prepreg according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first impregnation assembly includes a first heating plate, three consecutive sets of second impregnation rollers, and a second cooling plate connected in sequence.

5. The production apparatus for multilayer fiber prepreg according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between the reinforcing material laying assembly and the winding device, there are also sequentially connected upper release paper winding, PE film unwinding device and PE pressing roller.

6. A multilayer fiber prepreg, characterized in that, The prepreg is produced by the production apparatus of the multilayer fiber prepreg according to any one of claims 1-5. The prepreg includes a single-layer fiber prepreg and N layers of reinforcing material sequentially laid on the single-layer fiber prepreg. Each layer of reinforcing material has a resin film laid on the side away from the single-layer fiber prepreg, wherein N≥1.

7. The multilayer fiber prepreg according to claim 6, characterized in that, The single-layer fiber prepreg includes a first upper film, a first lower film, and a first reinforcing material disposed between the first upper film and the first lower film.

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