Change-over switch, battery management system and electric equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a change-over switch, a battery management system and electric equipment, and relates to the technical field of battery accessories. The change-over switch comprises at least two electric connection mechanisms, the plurality of electric connection mechanisms are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery packs, each electric connection mechanism comprises two plate bodies, one plate body is electrically connected with a total input end, and the other plate body is electrically connected with a total output end; the battery pack is connected in series between one plate body and the total input end or between the other plate body and the total output end; the conversion mechanism is arranged among the plurality of plate bodies, and the conversion mechanism is used for converting the plurality of battery packs among a parallel connection state, a disconnection state and a series connection state; according to the change-over switch, the battery management system and the electric equipment, the safety of a plurality of battery packs can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery accessory, in particular to a change-over switch, a battery management system and an electric device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In an electric vehicle, different driving conditions have different voltage and current requirements for the battery; by optimizing the connection state of the battery pack, the efficiency of the motor can be improved, and the cruising range of the vehicle can be prolonged.

[0003] In the related art, when it is necessary to convert multiple battery packs to a series connection state or a parallel connection state, a change-over switch needs to be used. When driving at high speed, a higher voltage is needed to improve the efficiency of the motor. At this time, the multiple battery packs can be converted to a series connection mode through the change-over switch. When driving at low speed or parking, the multiple battery packs can be converted to a parallel connection mode through the change-over switch to provide stable low-voltage output.

[0004] However, when the multiple battery packs are in a series connection mode or a parallel connection mode, if a fault occurs in one of the multiple battery packs, the fault will propagate to other normal battery packs along the electrical connection, thereby causing damage to the multiple battery packs. Invention content

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a change-over switch, a battery management system and an electric device to solve the technical problem that a fault in one of the multiple battery packs in the related art affects other normal battery packs.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a change-over switch, comprising:

[0007] At least two electrical connection mechanisms, the multiple electrical connection mechanisms correspond one-to-one to multiple battery packs, each electrical connection mechanism includes two plates, one of the plates is electrically connected to a total input end, and the other plate is electrically connected to a total output end, and the battery packs are connected in series between one of the plates and the total input end or between the other plate and the total output end;

[0008] A change-over mechanism is arranged between the multiple plates, the change-over mechanism is used to electrically connect the two plates of each electrical connection mechanism to convert the multiple battery packs to a parallel connection state; the change-over mechanism is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the two plates of each electrical connection mechanism to convert the multiple battery packs to a disconnected state; and the change-over mechanism is used to electrically connect one of the plates of the multiple electrical connection mechanisms to convert the multiple battery packs to a series connection state.

[0009] In some embodiments, the conversion mechanism includes a connecting plate and a drive assembly. There are two electrical connection mechanisms and two connecting plates. The two connecting plates correspond one-to-one with the two electrical connection mechanisms. The drive assembly is used to drive the connecting plates to move.

[0010] When multiple battery packs are in parallel, the connecting plate abuts against both plates of the electrical connection mechanism simultaneously; when multiple battery packs are in disconnected state, the connecting plate disengages from the two plates of the electrical connection mechanism; when multiple battery packs are in series, one of the connecting plates abuts against one of the plates of the two electrical connection mechanisms simultaneously.

[0011] In some embodiments, the driving assembly includes a rotating plate and a driving member, the connecting plate is disposed on the rotating plate, the rotating plate is disposed on the driving member, and the driving member is used to drive the rotating plate to rotate so that the rotating plate drives the connecting plate to move.

[0012] In some embodiments, the drive assembly further includes a connector, all plates are disposed on the connector, the rotating plate is rotatably disposed on the connector, and the drive component is disposed on the connector.

[0013] In some embodiments, the connector includes a base plate and a guide seat, the plate body is disposed on the base plate, the guide seat is disposed on the base plate, the rotating plate is rotatably disposed within the guide seat, and the driving member is disposed on the guide seat.

[0014] In some embodiments, the base plate is provided with at least one receiving groove for receiving at least one of the plates.

[0015] In some embodiments, a portion of the plate extends to the outside of the base plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the width of at least a portion of the plate gradually increases along a direction away from the center of the base plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, a sealing mechanism is further included, wherein the sealing mechanism is provided between at least one of the guide seat and the base plate and between the guide seat and the rotating plate, and a sealing space is formed between the guide seat, the base plate and the sealing mechanism, the sealing space being filled with inert gas.

[0018] In some embodiments, the rotating plate comprises a first rotating part and a second rotating part, the first rotating part is arranged on the second rotating part, the connecting plate is slidingly arranged on the first rotating part, and at least one elastic member is arranged between the second rotating part and the connecting plate, when the plurality of battery packs are in the parallel state and the series state, the connecting plate presses the elastic member to make the elastic member in a compressed state.

[0019] In some embodiments, two openings are arranged on the first rotating part, and two connecting plates are slidingly arranged in the two openings in a one-to-one correspondence, and the connecting plates are slidingly arranged on the first rotating part through the openings.

[0020] In some embodiments, at least one sliding block is arranged on the connecting plate, and at least one sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the opening, and the sliding block is slidingly connected in the plurality of sliding grooves.

[0021] In some embodiments, the end of the sliding groove away from the second rotating part is closed.

[0022] In some embodiments, at least one groove is arranged on the connecting plate, and the groove is used to accommodate the end of the elastic member.

[0023] In some embodiments, at least one boss is arranged on the second rotating part, and the end of the elastic member is used to be sleeved on the boss.

[0024] In some embodiments, at least two first protrusions are arranged on the connecting plate, and the first protrusions are used to abut against the plate body.

[0025] In some embodiments, a second protrusion is arranged on the plate body, and the second protrusion is used to abut against the first protrusion.

[0026] In some embodiments, at least one of the opposite faces of the first protrusion and the second protrusion is arranged as a spherical surface or a flat surface.

[0027] In some embodiments, the driving member comprises a driving motor, a transmission part, and a driving shaft, the driving motor is arranged on the guide seat, the transmission part is arranged between the driving end of the driving motor and the driving shaft, the rotating plate is arranged on the driving shaft, and the transmission part is used to drive the driving shaft to rotate when the driving end of the driving motor rotates, so that the driving shaft drives the rotating plate to rotate.

[0028] In some embodiments, the transmission part comprises a worm and a worm wheel, the worm is arranged on the driving end of the driving motor, the worm wheel is sleeved and fixedly connected on the driving shaft, and the worm is engaged with the worm wheel.

[0029] In some embodiments, a guide mechanism is further included, the rotating plate is arranged on the driving shaft and slides along the axial direction of the driving shaft, the guide mechanism is arranged between the guide seat and the rotating plate, and the guide mechanism is used to drive the rotating plate to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft when the driving shaft drives the rotating plate to rotate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the guide mechanism includes at least one guide block and at least one guide groove, the guide block is arranged on the rotating plate, the guide groove is arranged on the inner wall of the guide seat, and the guide block slides in the guide groove to drive the rotating plate to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft when the driving shaft drives the rotating plate to rotate.

[0031] In some embodiments, the guide groove includes a first guide part and two second guide parts, the two second guide parts are respectively communicated on both sides of the first guide part, and the distance between the first guide part and the bottom plate is greater than the distance between the second guide part and the bottom plate.

[0032] When the plurality of battery packs are in the parallel state, the guide block is located in one of the second guide parts, when the plurality of battery packs are in the disconnected state, the guide block is located in the first guide part, and when the plurality of battery packs are in the series state, the guide block is located in the other second guide part.

[0033] In some embodiments, at least one mounting port is arranged on the guide seat, the mounting port is communicated with the guide groove, and the mounting port is used for moving the guide block into or out of the guide groove.

[0034] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery management system, including a battery pack and the switch described above arranged on the battery pack.

[0035] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power consumption device, including a device body and the battery management system described above arranged on the device body.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application provides a change-over switch, a battery management system and a power utilization device, the change-over switch provided by the present application is provided with a change-over mechanism, the change-over mechanism controls the electric connection state between the two plate bodies of the electric connection mechanism, so that the plurality of battery packs can be converted between the parallel connection state, the disconnected state and the series connection state, when a certain battery pack fails, for example, short circuit, overheat or electric leakage occurs, the plurality of battery packs are converted to the disconnected state through the change-over mechanism, the electric connection between the battery pack and other battery packs can be rapidly cut off, the spread of the fault can be effectively prevented, the isolation measure can avoid that the faulty battery pack causes damage to other normal battery packs, so that the chain reaction such as heat runaway spreading can be prevented, so that the safety of the whole battery management system can be ensured in the minimum range; in addition, during maintenance, the plurality of battery packs are converted to the disconnected state through the change-over mechanism, so that the maintenance personnel can operate in the no-electricity state, the electric shock risk is effectively reduced, and the safety of the personnel is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0038] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of the parallel connection state of the plurality of battery packs in the assembled state of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 A structure schematic view of the disconnected state of the plurality of battery packs in the assembled state of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 A structure schematic view of the series connection state of the plurality of battery packs in the assembled state of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 A structure schematic view of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 A structure schematic view of the bottom plate and the guide seat of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 A structure schematic view of the plate body of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 A structure schematic view of the first rotating part and the second rotating part of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 An exploded structure schematic view of the first rotating part and the second rotating part of the change-over switch provided by the present application;

[0046] Figure 9A cross-sectional structure schematic view of the first rotating part of the switch provided in the application;

[0047] Figure 10 A cross-sectional structure schematic view of the second rotating part of the switch provided in the application;

[0048] Figure 11 A cross-sectional structure schematic view of the first rotating part of the switch provided in the application;

[0049] Figure 12 A cross-sectional structure schematic view of the connecting plate of the switch provided in the application.

[0050] Explanation of reference signs:

[0051] 100, an electrical connection mechanism; 110, a plate body; 111, a second protrusion; 112, a first connecting part; 113, a transition part; 114, a second connecting part;

[0052] 200, a switching mechanism; 210, a connecting plate; 211, a sliding block; 212, a groove; 213, a first protrusion; 300, a driving assembly; 310, a rotating plate; 320, a driving member; 321, a driving motor; 330, a transmission part; 331, a driving shaft; 332, a worm; 333, a worm wheel; 334, a driving gear; 335, a rotating gear;

[0053] 340, a connecting member; 341, a bottom plate; 342, a guide seat; 343, a containing groove; 344, a mounting port; 350, a first rotating part; 351, an opening; 352, a sliding groove; 360, a second rotating part; 361, a boss; 362, an elastic member;

[0054] 370, a shaft body; 371, a driving groove;

[0055] 400, a guiding mechanism; 410, a guiding block; 420, a guiding groove; 421, a first guiding part; 422, a second guiding part; 500, a battery pack; 600, a total input end; 700, a total output end.

[0056] The above drawings have shown the specific embodiments of the application, which will be described in more details hereinafter. These drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the application by any means, but to illustrate the concept of the application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description, like reference numerals refer to like elements, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The following description of exemplary embodiments is not intended to represent all embodiments in accordance with the present application. Rather, they merely represent typical embodiments in accordance with a portion of the application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0058] In electric vehicles and related technologies, to meet the demand for battery voltage and current under different driving conditions, a combination of multiple battery packs is usually adopted, and a switch is used to realize flexible conversion between series and parallel states of the battery packs. In high-speed driving, the motor needs higher voltage to improve its operating efficiency, so multiple battery packs can be connected in series mode through the switch to realize voltage stacking and meet the demand for high voltage of the motor. When driving at low speed or parking, the system needs stable low voltage output, so multiple battery packs can be converted to parallel mode through the switch to provide stable low voltage output and ensure efficient operation of the vehicle under different conditions. This flexible conversion mechanism not only improves the adaptability and efficiency of the battery system, but also optimizes energy management and prolongs the service life of the battery.

[0059] However, in practical applications, when multiple battery packs are in series or parallel mode, if a certain battery pack fails, such as short circuit, overheating, leakage or other abnormal conditions, the failure can quickly spread to other normal battery packs along the electrical connection, and this failure propagation can cause multiple battery packs to be damaged at the same time, even causing more serious safety problems such as thermal runaway, fire or explosion. For example, in series mode, a short circuit failure of a battery pack can cause a sharp increase in current, affecting the safety of other battery packs; in parallel mode, a failure of a battery pack can cause voltage abnormalities, affecting the stability of the entire battery pack.

[0060] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0061] In combination Figures 1 to 3 , the embodiment of the present application provides a switch, comprising:

[0062] At least two electric connection mechanisms 100, the plurality of electric connection mechanisms 100 correspond to the plurality of battery packs 500 one by one, each electric connection mechanism 100 includes two plate bodies 110, one of the plate bodies 110 is electrically connected with the total input end 600, and the other plate body 110 is electrically connected with the total output end 700, and the battery pack 500 is connected in series between one of the plate bodies 110 and the total input end 600 or between the other plate body 110 and the total output end 700;

[0063] The conversion mechanism 200 is arranged between the plurality of plate bodies 110, and the conversion mechanism 200 is used to electrically connect the two plate bodies 110 of each electric connection mechanism 100, so that the plurality of battery packs 500 is converted to a parallel state; the conversion mechanism 200 is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the two plate bodies 110 of each electric connection mechanism 100, so that the plurality of battery packs 500 is converted to a disconnected state; the conversion mechanism 200 is used to electrically connect the plate bodies 110 of the plurality of electric connection mechanisms 100, so that the plurality of battery packs 500 is converted to a series state.

[0064] In this embodiment, two electric connection mechanisms 100 and two battery packs 500 are provided, one of the battery packs 500 is connected in series between the plate body 110 of one of the electric connection mechanisms 100 and the total input end 600, and the other battery pack 500 is connected in series between the plate body 110 of the other electric connection mechanism 100 and the total output end 700; in other embodiments, the number of electric connection mechanisms 100 and battery packs 500 can be adjusted as needed, for example, the electric connection mechanisms 100 and the battery packs 500 are all provided as four, and the positions of the battery packs 500 can also be adjusted as needed, for example, the plurality of battery packs 500 are all arranged between the plate body 110 and the total input end 600 or between the plate body 110 and the total output end 700.

[0065] In this embodiment, the plate body 110 is provided as a copper bar, and the copper bar has the advantages of low resistance, high conductivity, good mechanical strength, and heat dissipation performance, etc., which can effectively reduce the voltage drop, improve the current transmission efficiency, and at the same time ensure the stability and reliability of the connection; in other embodiments, the first plate body 110 and the second plate body 110 can also be replaced by one of an aluminum bar, a copper-aluminum alloy, and a graphene composite material.

[0066] In the embodiment, the two plate bodies 110 of each electrical connection mechanism 100 are arranged perpendicularly to each other, one plate body 110 of one electrical connection mechanism 100 is arranged in parallel and spaced apart from one plate body 110 of another electrical connection mechanism 100, and the other plate body 110 of one electrical connection mechanism 100 is arranged in a straight line with the other plate body 110 of another electrical connection mechanism 100. In other embodiments, the arrangement of the plate bodies 110 of the plurality of electrical connection mechanisms 100 can be adjusted as needed.

[0067] In the embodiment, the total input end 600 is an interface between the plurality of battery packs 500 and an external charger or energy source, for inputting electrical energy into the plurality of battery packs 500; and the total output end 700 is an interface between the plurality of battery packs 500 and an external load, for outputting electrical energy to a load device, providing stable voltage and current.

[0068] In the embodiment, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in parallel connection, the conversion mechanism 200 electrically connects the two plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100, at this time, the current flows from the total input end 600, one of the battery packs 500, the two plate bodies 110 of one of the electrical connection mechanisms 100 to the total output end 700 in turn, while the current flows from the total input end 600, the two plate bodies 110 of the other electrical connection mechanism 100 and the other battery pack 500 to the total output end 700 in turn, so that the two battery packs 500 are in parallel connection; when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in disconnection, the conversion mechanism 200 disconnects the electrical connection between the two plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100, the current flowing from the total input end 600 to one of the plate bodies 110 of one of the electrical connection mechanisms 100 cannot continue to flow, while the current flowing from the total input end 600 to the battery pack 500 and one of the plate bodies 110 of the other electrical connection mechanism 100 cannot continue to flow, so that the two battery packs 500 are disconnected; when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in series connection, the conversion mechanism 200 electrically connects one of the plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100, at this time, the current flows from the total input end 600, one of the battery packs 500, the plate body 110 of one of the electrical connection mechanisms 100, the plate body 110 of the other electrical connection mechanism 100, the other battery pack 500 to the total output end 700, so that the two battery packs 500 are in series connection.

[0069] In the present application, by adopting the arrangement of the conversion mechanism 200, the electrical connection state between the two plate bodies 110 of the electrical connection mechanism 100 is controlled by the conversion mechanism 200, so that the plurality of battery packs 500 can be converted between the parallel state, the disconnected state and the series state. When a certain battery pack 500 fails, for example, short circuit, overheating or electric leakage occurs, etc., the plurality of battery packs 500 are converted to the disconnected state by the conversion mechanism 200, which can quickly cut off the electrical connection between the battery pack 500 and other battery packs 500, effectively preventing the spread of failure. This isolation measure can avoid damage to other normal battery packs 500 caused by the faulty battery pack 500, thereby preventing possible chain reactions such as heat runaway from spreading, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire battery management system in the smallest range. In addition, during maintenance and maintenance, the plurality of battery packs 500 are converted to the disconnected state by the conversion mechanism 200, which can ensure that the maintenance personnel operate in a non-electric state, effectively reduce the risk of electric shock, and ensure personnel safety.

[0070] In combination Figures 4 to 8 The conversion mechanism 200 includes a connecting plate 210 and a driving assembly 300, the connecting plate 210 is provided with two, the two connecting plates 210 correspond one-to-one to the two electrical connection mechanisms 100, and the driving assembly 300 is used to drive the connecting plate 210 to move.

[0071] When the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the parallel state, the connecting plate 210 abuts against the two plate bodies 110 of the electrical connection mechanism 100 at the same time; when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the disconnected state, the connecting plate 210 is disengaged from the abutment of the two plate bodies 110 of the electrical connection mechanism 100; when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the series state, one of the connecting plates 210 abuts against one of the plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100 at the same time.

[0072] In the present embodiment, the connecting plate 210 is provided with two, the connecting plate 210 is provided in a long strip shape, and the two ends of the long strip-shaped connecting plate 210 are provided in a semicircular shape; in other embodiments, the shape of the connecting plate 210 can be adjusted adaptively as needed, for example, the connecting plate 210 is provided in a rectangular shape.

[0073] In the embodiment, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the parallel state, the driving assembly 300 drives one of the connecting plates 210 to move between the two plate bodies 110 of one of the electrical connection mechanisms 100, so that the two ends of the one connecting plate 210 abut against the two plate bodies 110 of the one electrical connection mechanism 100 at the same time, the driving assembly 300 drives the other connecting plate 210 to move between the two plate bodies 110 of the other electrical connection mechanism 100, so that the two ends of the other connecting plate 210 abut against the two plate bodies 110 of the other electrical connection mechanism 100 at the same time, so that the connecting plate 210 electrically connects the two plate bodies 110; when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the disconnected state, the driving assembly 300 drives one of the connecting plates 210 to stagger with the two plate bodies 110 of one of the electrical connection mechanisms 100, so that the two ends of the one connecting plate 210 are simultaneously disengaged from the abutment against the two plate bodies 110 of the one electrical connection mechanism 100, the driving assembly 300 drives the other connecting plate 210 to stagger with the two plate bodies 110 of the other electrical connection mechanism 100, so that the two ends of the other connecting plate 210 are simultaneously disengaged from the abutment against the two plate bodies 110 of the other electrical connection mechanism 100, so that the connecting plate 210 disconnects the electrical connection between the two plate bodies 110; when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the series state, the driving assembly 300 drives one of the connecting plates 210 to move between the two plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100 which are parallel to each other, so that the one connecting plate 210 electrically connects between the one plate body 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100, the driving assembly 300 drives one of the connecting plates 210 to move between the two plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100 which are located on the same straight line, at this time, the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110 form a spacing therebetween, so that the one connecting plate 210 electrically connects between the one plate body 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100.

[0074] In the present application, the driving assembly 300 drives the connecting plate 210 to move to realize the conversion between the parallel state, the disconnected state and the series state of the plurality of battery packs 500, thereby reducing the number of connecting plates 210 used and the structural complexity of the conversion switch, and by driving the connecting plate 210 to abut against the plate body 110, the connecting plate 210 electrically connects the two plate bodies 110, which increases the contact area between the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110, significantly reduces the contact resistance, thereby reducing the voltage drop and power loss when the current passes through the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110, and improving the efficiency of electrical energy transmission; at the same time, the larger contact area can disperse the current density, reduce the local heating of the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110, reduce the thermal loss and oxidation risk of the contact, and prolong the service life of the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110.

[0075] In combination Figures 4 to 8The driving assembly 300 comprises a rotating plate 310 and a driving member 320, the connecting plate 210 is arranged on the rotating plate 310, the rotating plate 310 is arranged on the driving member 320, and the driving member 320 is used for driving the rotating plate 310 to rotate, so that the rotating plate 310 drives the connecting plate 210 to move.

[0076] In the embodiment, the rotating plate 310 is circular, the two connecting plates 210 are arranged on the two sides of the diameter of the circular rotating plate 310, the interval between the two plate bodies 110 located on the same straight line is greater than the interval between the two plate bodies 110 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the interval between one end of the two connecting plates 210 is greater than the interval between the other end of the two connecting plates 210, so that when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the parallel state, the connecting plate 210 can be arranged obliquely between the two plate bodies 110, thereby electrically connecting the two plate bodies 110.

[0077] In other embodiments, the rotating plate 310 can also be driven by the driving member 320 to translate, lift or translate or lift along an arc-shaped direction, and the rotating plate 310 can also drive the connecting plate 210 to move.

[0078] In the application, the rotating plate 310 is driven by the driving member 320 to rotate, so that the rotating plate 310 drives the connecting plate 210 to move, which reduces the space occupation of the rotating plate 310 during movement, thereby indirectly reducing the space occupation of the entire change-over switch, and the rotating plate 310 is continuously driven by the driving member 320 to rotate, so that the change-over between the parallel state, the disconnected state and the series state of the plurality of battery packs 500 can be realized, without the need for more electric control elements for control, thereby further reducing the structural complexity of the change-over switch.

[0079] In combination Figures 4 to 8 The driving assembly 300 further comprises a connecting member 340, the plate body 110 is arranged on the connecting member 340, the rotating plate 310 is arranged on the connecting member 340 in a rotating manner, and the driving member 320 is arranged on the connecting member 340.

[0080] In the application, the plate body 110 is arranged on the connecting member 340, and the rotating plate 310 is arranged on the connecting member 340 in a rotating manner, so that the connecting member 340 can support the plate body 110, prevent the plate body 110 from moving when the connecting plate 210 abuts against the plate body 110, improve the fixing strength of the plate body 110, and guide the rotation of the rotating plate 310, thereby preventing the rotating plate 310 from driving the connecting plate 210 to deviate from the plate body 110 during rotation, and indirectly improving the abutting effect of the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110 assembly.

[0081] In combination Figures 4 to 8The connecting piece 340 comprises a bottom plate 341 and a guide seat 342. The plate body 110 is arranged on the bottom plate 341, the guide seat 342 is arranged on the bottom plate 341, the rotating plate 310 is arranged in the guide seat 342 in a rotating mode, and the driving piece 320 is arranged on the guide seat 342.

[0082] In the embodiment, the bottom plate 341 is square-shaped, the plate body 110 is fixed on the bottom plate 341 in a bolt connection, welding, clamping or bonding mode, the bottom plate 341 is fixed on the position to be fixed of the electrical equipment, for example, the frame of the battery pack 500 of the electric vehicle, in a bolt connection, welding, clamping or bonding mode, and in other embodiments, the shape of the bottom plate 341 can be adjusted adaptively according to the needs, for example, the bottom plate 341 is square-shaped or trapezoidal-shaped.

[0083] In the embodiment, the guide seat 342 is circular annular-shaped, the center of the circular annular-shaped guide seat 342 coincides with the center of the square-shaped bottom plate 341, and the area of the circular annular-shaped guide seat 342 is smaller than the area of the square-shaped bottom plate 341, and in other embodiments, the shape of the guide seat 342 can be adjusted adaptively according to the needs, for example, the guide seat 342 is square-shaped.

[0084] In the embodiment, the bottom plate 341 can support and limit the plate body 110, thereby improving the fixing strength of the plate body 110, and the guide seat 342 can guide the rotation of the rotating plate 310 when the rotating plate 310 rotates, thereby preventing the deviation of the position between the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110 driven by the rotating plate 310, and the setting structure of the bottom plate 341 and the guide seat 342 is simple and convenient for production and processing.

[0085] In combination with Figures 4 to 8 The bottom plate 341 is provided with at least one accommodating groove 343, and the accommodating groove 343 is used for accommodating at least one plate body 110.

[0086] In the embodiment, the accommodating groove 343 is provided with four, and the four accommodating grooves 343 are respectively used for accommodating the four plate bodies 110 of the two conductive connecting mechanisms 100, and when the plate body 110 is fixed in the accommodating groove 343, the plate body 110 is flush with the opening 351 of the accommodating groove 343.

[0087] In other embodiments, one accommodating groove 343 can also be arranged on the bottom plate 341, and four plate bodies 110 are accommodated in the one accommodating groove 343 at the same time, or two accommodating grooves 343 are arranged on the bottom plate 341, and the two accommodating grooves 343 are respectively used for accommodating two plate bodies 110.

[0088] In the application, by adopting the arrangement of the accommodating groove 343, when the guide seat 342 is fixed on the bottom plate 341, the guide seat 342 can be connected with the bottom plate 341 and the plate body 110 at the same time, so as to prevent the plate body 110 from affecting the mounting and fixing of the guide seat 342, and indirectly improve the fixing strength of the guide seat 342 fixed on the bottom plate 341.

[0089] In combination Figures 4 to 8 Part of the plate body 110 extends to the outside of the bottom plate 341.

[0090] In the embodiment, the middle part of the plate body 110 is opposite to the edge of the bottom plate 341, and a connecting hole is arranged at the end of the plate body 110 outside the bottom plate 341. By adopting the arrangement of the connecting hole, when the plate body 110 is electrically connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the total input end 600, the total output end 700 and the battery pack 500, the electric connection between the plate body 110 and other components can be realized by bolt connection, clamping or bonding and the like through the connecting hole.

[0091] In the application, by extending part of the plate body 110 to the outside of the bottom plate 341, the electric connection between the plate body 110 and other components is prevented from being affected by the bottom plate 341.

[0092] In combination Figures 4 to 8 In combination

[0093] In the embodiment, the plate body 110 includes the first connecting part 112, the transition part 113 and the second connecting part 114 connected in sequence, the first connecting part 112, the transition part 113 and part of the second connecting part 114 are arranged on the bottom plate 341, the remaining second connecting part 114 extends to the outside of the bottom plate 341, the width of the first connecting part 112 is the same, the width of the transition part 113 gradually increases in the direction away from the center of the bottom plate 341, the width of the third connecting part is the same, and the width of the third connecting part is greater than the width of the first connecting part 112. The connecting plate 210 is used to abut against the first connecting part 112 of the plate body 110, and the connecting hole is arranged on the second connecting part 114 outside the bottom plate 341.

[0094] In other embodiments, the width of the entire plate body 110 can gradually increase in the direction away from the center of the bottom plate 341.

[0095] In the application, by adopting the arrangement of the narrower first connecting part 112, the space occupation of the plate body 110 on the bottom plate 341 is saved; by adopting the arrangement of the wider second connecting part 114, the electric connection between the second connecting part 114 and other components is facilitated, and by increasing the width of the second connecting part 114, the heat dissipation capacity of the plate body 110 is improved.

[0096] In combination Figures 4 to 8In some embodiments, the switch further comprises a sealing mechanism arranged between at least one of the guide seat 342 and the bottom plate 341 and the guide seat 342 and the rotating plate 310, a sealing space is formed between the guide seat 342, the bottom plate 341 and the sealing mechanism, and the sealing space is filled with inert gas.

[0097] In the present embodiment, the sealing mechanism is arranged between the guide seat 342 and the bottom plate 341 and between the guide seat 342 and the rotating plate 310; the sealing mechanism is a sealing ring, which is arranged between the guide seat 342 and the bottom plate 341 to seal the gap between the guide seat 342 and the bottom plate 341, and is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating plate 310 in a ring shape and abuts against the inner wall of the guide seat 342 to seal the gap between the guide seat 342 and the rotating plate 310 when the rotating plate 310 rotates.

[0098] In other embodiments, the sealing mechanism can also be point sealing or hot melt sealing. Point sealing is a sealing method that uses sealing glue (such as epoxy resin, silicone, etc.) to fill gaps or interfaces to form a sealing layer; hot melt sealing is to melt and solidify after heating to achieve sealing, which has the characteristics of rapid prototyping, high strength and strong adaptability.

[0099] In the present application, by filling inert gas such as nitrogen in the sealing space and sealing the sealing space with the sealing mechanism, the inert gas can effectively reduce the generation of electric arc and the oxidation of contact points, thereby reducing the contact resistance and improving the conductivity; the sealing space can prevent dust, moisture and other pollutants from entering, further ensuring the stability and reliability of the contact points; in addition, the sealing mechanism can also enhance the waterproof performance, prolong the service life of the contact points and ensure the safety and efficient operation of the system when high current passes through.

[0100] In combination with Figures 4 to 9 The rotating plate 310 comprises a first rotating part 350 and a second rotating part 360, the first rotating part 350 is arranged on the second rotating part 360, the connecting plate 210 is slidingly arranged on the first rotating part 350, and at least one elastic member 362 is arranged between the second rotating part 360 and the connecting plate 210; when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in parallel and series connection, the connecting plate 210 presses the elastic member 362 to make the elastic member 362 in a compressed state.

[0101] In the embodiment, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are circular, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are coaxially arranged, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 have the same area, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are rotatably arranged in the guide seat 342, and the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are coaxially arranged with the guide seat 342; in other embodiments, the shapes of the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can be adjusted as needed, for example, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are square.

[0102] In the embodiment, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can be fixed by bolt connection, welding, clamping or bonding.

[0103] In the embodiment, the connecting plate 210 is slidably arranged on the first rotating part 350 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first rotating part 350; the sealing mechanism is arranged between the second rotating part 360 and the guide seat 342.

[0104] In the embodiment, two elastic members 362 are arranged between each connecting plate 210 and the second rotating part 360, the two elastic members 362 are arranged on the two sides of the connecting plate 210, the elastic member 362 is a spring, one end of the spring is connected with the connecting plate 210, and the other end is connected with the second rotating part 360; in other embodiments, the elastic member 362 can be replaced by rubber or shape memory alloy.

[0105] In the application, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in parallel and series connection, the connecting plate 210 can abut against the plate body 110, at this time, the connecting plate 210 extrudes the spring, so that the spring is in a compressed state, so that the connecting plate 210 abuts against the plate body 110 by the elastic force of the spring, the abutting force between the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110 is improved, the spring can provide stable contact pressure, and the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110 always maintain good electrical contact, thereby significantly reducing the contact resistance, improving the current conduction efficiency, reducing the voltage drop and power loss; the elasticity of the spring can compensate for the micro-unevenness of the surface of the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110, increase the actual contact area, further reduce the contact resistance, and also reduce the poor contact caused by vibration or mechanical impact, and enhance the reliability and stability of the contact.

[0106] In combination Figures 8 to 12 , the first rotating part 350 is provided with two openings 351, and the two connecting plates 210 are slidably arranged in the two openings 351 one by one, and the connecting plate 210 is slidably arranged on the first rotating part 350 through the opening 351.

[0107] In the embodiment, the opening 351 is arranged in cooperation with the connecting plate 210; in other embodiments, an opening 351 can also be arranged on the first rotating part 350, and the two connecting plates 210 are simultaneously slidably connected in the same opening 351.

[0108] In the application, by adopting the opening 351 and slidably arranging the connecting plate 210 in the opening 351, the opening 351 can guide the sliding of the connecting plate 210, preventing the connecting plate 210 from deviating when sliding on the first rotating part 350, thereby indirectly improving the accuracy when the connecting plate 210 abuts against the plate body 110; and by hiding the connecting plate 210 in the opening 351, the overall space occupation of the connecting plate 210 and the first rotating part 350 is reduced, thereby indirectly reducing the space occupation of the change-over switch.

[0109] In combination Figures 8 to 12 The connecting plate 210 is provided with at least one sliding block 211, and the inner wall of the opening 351 is provided with at least one sliding groove 352, and the sliding block 211 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 352.

[0110] In the embodiment, the sliding block 211 is provided with two, and the two sliding blocks 211 are arranged on opposite sides of the connecting plate 210, the sliding groove 352 is provided with two, and the two sliding grooves 352 are arranged on opposite sides of the opening 351, the two sliding blocks 211 are slidably arranged in the two sliding grooves 352 one by one, and the cross section of the sliding groove 352 is arranged in a "U" shape, and the sliding block 211 is arranged in cooperation with the "U" shaped sliding groove 352.

[0111] In other embodiments, the number of sliding blocks 211 and sliding grooves 352 can be adaptively adjusted as needed, for example, the sliding blocks 211 and the sliding grooves 352 are arranged as four groups, and the four groups of sliding blocks 211 and sliding grooves 352 are evenly distributed along the circumferences of the connecting plate 210 and the opening 351, and the shapes of the sliding blocks 211 and the sliding grooves 352 can be adaptively adjusted as needed, for example, the sliding blocks 211 are arranged in a spherical shape.

[0112] In the application, by adopting the arrangement of the sliding block 211 and the sliding groove 352, the sliding block 211 and the sliding groove 352 can further guide the movement of the connecting plate 210 in the opening 351, preventing the connecting plate 210 from deviating from the plate body 110.

[0113] In combination Figures 8 to 12 The end of the sliding groove 352 away from the second rotating part 360 is closed.

[0114] In the present application, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the parallel state and the series state, at this time the plate body 110 extrudes the connecting plate 210, the connecting plate 210 can drive the sliding block 211 away from the closed end of the sliding groove 352, so as not to affect the extrusion of the spring by the connecting plate 210, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the disconnected state, at this time the connecting plate 210 is disengaged from the abutment with the plate body 110, the connecting plate 210 can drive the sliding block 211 to abut on the closed end of the sliding groove 352 by the elastic force of the spring, thereby preventing the disengagement between the connecting plate 210 and the opening 351, and further improving the guiding effect of the connecting plate 210.

[0115] In combination Figures 8 to 12 , the connecting plate 210 is provided with at least one groove 212, and the groove 212 is used to accommodate the end of the elastic element 362.

[0116] In the present embodiment, two grooves 212 are arranged on each connecting plate 210, the grooves 212 are circularly arranged, the two grooves 212 correspond to the two springs one by one, and one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the groove 212; in other embodiments, the shape of the groove 212 can be adaptively adjusted as needed, for example, the groove 212 is arranged in a square shape.

[0117] In the present application, by adopting the arrangement of the groove 212, the groove 212 can guide the compression of the spring and prevent the spring from tilting when compressed, thereby indirectly improving the abutment force between the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110 driven by the spring.

[0118] In combination Figures 8 to 12 , the second rotating part 360 is provided with at least one boss 361, and the end of the elastic element 362 is used to be sleeved on the boss 361.

[0119] In the present embodiment, four bosses 361 are arranged on the second rotating part 360, the four bosses 361 correspond to the four springs one by one, and the cross section of the boss 361 is circularly arranged; the shape of the boss 361 can be adaptively adjusted as needed, for example, the cross section of the boss 361 is arranged in a square shape.

[0120] In the present application, by adopting the arrangement of the boss 361, the boss 361 can further guide the compression of the spring and prevent the spring from tilting when compressed, thereby further improving the abutment force between the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110 driven by the spring.

[0121] In combination Figure 6 and Figure 9 , the connecting plate 210 is provided with at least two first protrusions 213, and the first protrusion 213 is used to abut with the plate body 110.

[0122] The plate 110 is provided with a second protrusion 111, which is used to abut against the first protrusion 213.

[0123] At least one of the surfaces opposite the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111 is configured as a sphere or a plane.

[0124] In this embodiment, each connecting plate 210 is provided with two first protrusions 213, and the plate body 110 is provided with a second protrusion 111. When multiple battery packs 500 are in parallel, the two first protrusions 213 on the connecting plate 210 can respectively abut against the second protrusions 111 on the two plates 110 of the electrical connection mechanism 100. When multiple battery packs 500 are in series, the two first protrusions 213 on the connecting plate 210 can respectively abut against the second protrusions 111 on one of the plates 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100.

[0125] In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111 are both circular, and the opposing surfaces of the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111 are both planar. In other embodiments, the first protrusion 213 can be set as a sphere and the second protrusion 111 can be set as a planar surface, or the first protrusion 213 can be set as a planar surface and the second protrusion 111 can be set as a sphere.

[0126] In this application, due to the arrangement of the receiving groove 343 and the opening 351, the plate 110 cannot protrude from the bottom plate 341, and the connecting plate 210 cannot protrude from the second rotating part 360. By adopting the arrangement of the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111, the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111 can protrude from the bottom plate 341 and the second rotating part 360 to achieve mutual contact, thereby indirectly improving the contact strength between the connecting plate 210 and the plate 110, thereby improving the electrical connection effect between the connecting plate 210 and the two plates 110 of the electrical connection mechanism 100.

[0127] like Figure 4 As shown, the driving component 320 includes a driving motor 321, a transmission part 330, and a driving shaft 331. The driving motor 321 is mounted on the guide seat 342, the transmission part 330 is mounted between the driving end of the driving motor 321 and the driving shaft 331, and the rotating plate 310 is mounted on the driving shaft 331. The transmission part 330 is used to drive the driving shaft 331 to rotate when the driving end of the driving motor 321 rotates, so that the driving shaft 331 drives the rotating plate 310 to rotate.

[0128] In this embodiment, both the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are disposed on the drive shaft 331.

[0129] When the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 need to be driven to rotate in the application, the driving end of the driving motor 321 is driven to rotate, so that the transmission part 330 can drive the driving shaft 331 to rotate, thereby driving the driving shaft 331 to drive the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to rotate.

[0130] As shown in Figure 4 , the transmission part 330 includes a worm 332 and a worm wheel 333, the worm 332 is arranged on the driving end of the driving motor 321, the worm wheel 333 is sleeved and fixedly connected on the driving shaft 331, and the worm 332 is engaged with the worm wheel 333.

[0131] In this embodiment, a driving gear 334 is arranged on the driving end of the driving motor 321, one end of the worm 332 is provided with a rotating gear 335, the driving gear 334 is engaged with the rotating gear 335, and the diameter of the driving gear 334 is smaller than that of the rotating gear 335.

[0132] In this application, the driving motor 321 can drive the driving gear 334 to rotate, so that the driving gear 334 drives the rotating gear 335 to rotate, at this time the rotating gear 335 can drive the worm 332 to rotate, thereby driving the worm 332 to rotate, so that the worm drives the driving shaft 331 to rotate, thereby driving the driving shaft 331 to drive the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to rotate, by making the diameter of the driving gear 334 smaller than that of the rotating gear 335, thereby facilitating the accurate adjustment of the rotation angle of the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360, facilitating the accurate movement of the connecting plate 210 to the specified position, by adopting the arrangement of the worm 332 and the worm, the worm 332 and the worm drive have self-locking function, so that the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can be fixed to any rotated state after rotating, preventing mechanical vibration or other factors from causing the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to rotate, thereby further improving the abutting effect between the connecting plate 210 and the plate body 110.

[0133] In other embodiments, the transmission part 330 can be replaced by gear transmission, belt transmission or chain transmission.

[0134] In combination with Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the switch also includes a guide mechanism 400, the rotating plate 310 is arranged on the driving shaft 331 and slides along the axial direction of the driving shaft 331, the guide mechanism 400 is arranged between the guide seat 342 and the rotating plate 310, and the guide mechanism 400 is used to drive the rotating plate 310 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 331 when the driving shaft 331 drives the rotating plate 310 to rotate.

[0135] In the embodiment, the middle part of the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 is provided with and fixedly connected with a shaft body 370, the middle part of the shaft body 370 is provided with a driving groove 371 along the length direction of the shaft body 370, the cross section of the driving groove 371 is n-shaped, n≥3, the cross section of the driving groove 371 is quadrilateral, the driving shaft 331 is arranged in cooperation with the quadrilateral driving groove 371, the driving shaft 331 is slidingly arranged in the driving groove 371 along the length direction of the driving groove 371, and the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are slidingly arranged on the driving shaft 331 through the driving groove 371.

[0136] In the application, by adopting the arrangement of the guide mechanism 400, when the driving shaft 331 drives the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to rotate, the guide mechanism 400 can drive the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 331, so that when the connecting plate 210 drives the first protrusion 213 to abut against the second protrusion 111 on the plate body 110 by the elastic force of the spring, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are driven to move close to the bottom plate 341, so that the plate body 110 and the connecting plate 210 are further compressed by the spring, thereby further improving the abutting strength between the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111, further increasing the actual contact area between the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111, further reducing the contact resistance, and further reducing the poor contact caused by vibration or mechanical impact, thereby further enhancing the reliability and stability of the contact.

[0137] In combination with Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the guide mechanism 400 comprises at least one guide block 410 and at least one guide groove 420, the guide block 410 is arranged on the rotating plate 310, the guide groove 420 is arranged on the inner wall of the guide seat 342, when the driving shaft 331 drives the rotating plate 310 to rotate, the guide block 410 slides in the guide groove 420 to drive the rotating plate 310 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 331.

[0138] In the embodiment, the guide block 410 is provided with two, the two guide blocks 410 are arranged on the opposite sides of the first rotating part 350 respectively, the guide groove 420 is provided with two, the two guide grooves 420 are arranged on the opposite sides of the guide seat 342 respectively; in other embodiments, the number of the guide block 410 and the guide groove 420 can be adaptively adjusted as needed, for example, the guide block 410 and the guide groove 420 are arranged as four groups.

[0139] In the embodiment, the cross section of the guide groove 420 is arranged in a "U" shape, and the guide block 410 is in a cylindrical shape; the inner wall of the guide groove 420 can be provided with a wear-resistant layer, for example, a wear-resistant layer made of metal material.

[0140] In other embodiments, the guide block 410 can be shaped as a ball, or the guide block 410 can be replaced by a bearing slidingly arranged in the guide groove 420; the guide groove 420 can be replaced by a dovetail shape or a "T" shape.

[0141] In the present application, by adopting the arrangement of the guide block 410 and the guide groove 420, when the driving shaft 331 drives the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to rotate in the guide seat 342, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can drive the guide block 410 to slide in the guide groove 420, so that the guide block 410 drives the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 331, so that when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the parallel state and the series state, the plate body 110 can further press the connecting plate 210, thereby further pressing the spring, without the need to use other electrically driven parts to drive the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 331, the structure is simple, and the structural complexity of the switch is reduced.

[0142] In other embodiments, the guide mechanism 400 can also be replaced by an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder, by arranging the electric cylinder on the guide seat 342 and abutting the driving end of the electric cylinder with the second rotating part 360, so that the electric cylinder can also drive the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 331.

[0143] In combination with Figure 5 and Figure 8 , the guide groove 420 includes a first guide part 421 and two second guide parts 422, the two second guide parts 422 are respectively communicated at both sides of the first guide part 421, and the distance between the first guide part 421 and the bottom plate 341 is greater than the distance between the second guide part 422 and the bottom plate 341.

[0144] When the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the parallel state, the guide block 410 is located in one of the second guide parts 422, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the disconnected state, the guide block 410 is located in the first guide part 421, and when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the series state, the guide block 410 is located in the other second guide part 422.

[0145] In the present embodiment, the two second guide parts 422 are respectively symmetrically arranged at both sides of the first guide part 421, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the parallel state, the guide block 410 is located at the end of one of the second guide parts 422 away from the first guide part 421, when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the disconnected state, the guide block 410 is located in the first guide part 421, and when the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the series state, the guide block 410 is located at the end of the other second guide part 422 away from the first guide part 421.

[0146] In the embodiment, the interval between the two plate bodies 110 located on the same straight line is greater than the interval between the two plate bodies 110 arranged in parallel and spaced apart. When the plurality of battery packs 500 are in the series connection state, one of the connecting plates 210 can electrically connect the two plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100, and the other connecting plate 210 cannot electrically connect the other plate bodies 110 of the two electrical connection mechanisms 100, so that the two battery packs 500 are connected in series.

[0147] In the application, by arranging the first guide part 421 and the second guide part 422, and by driving the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to rotate, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can drive the guide block 410 to move into the first guide part 421 or the second guide part 422, so that the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can move close to or away from the bottom plate 341, so that the first protrusion 213 on the connecting plate 210 can abut against or be separated from the second protrusion 111 on the plate body 110, so that the plurality of battery packs 500 can be adjusted to the parallel connection state, the disconnected state or the series connection state. The structure is simple, and the structural complexity of the switch is reduced. By arranging two second guide parts 422 on both sides of the first guide part 421, when the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are rotated in the forward direction or the reverse direction, the plurality of battery packs 500 can be switched between the parallel connection state and the series connection state, so as to indirectly improve the accuracy of switching the state of the plurality of battery packs 500.

[0148] In combination Figure 5 and Figure 8 , the guide seat 342 is provided with at least one mounting opening 344, the mounting opening 344 is in communication with the guide groove 420, and the mounting opening 344 is used for moving the guide block 410 into or out of the guide groove 420.

[0149] In the embodiment, the mounting opening 344 is provided with two, the two mounting openings 344 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two guide grooves 420, the mounting opening 344 is arranged on the side of the guide seat 342 away from the bottom plate 341, the mounting opening 344 is arranged in a “U” shape, and the mounting opening 344 is arranged opposite the first guide part 421 of the guide groove 420.

[0150] In the embodiment, when the guide block 410 is located in the first guide part 421 and the guide block 410 is opposite the mounting opening 344, the spring is in a natural state at this time, and the movement of the guide block 410 towards the mounting opening 344 when the guide block 410 moves into the mounting opening 344 is prevented due to the elastic force of the spring.

[0151] In other embodiments, a start-stop block can be detachably connected to the mounting opening 344, so that the mounting opening 344 can be closed when it is not needed.

[0152] In the present application, by adopting the arrangement of the mounting port 344, the first rotating part 350 can drive the guide block 410 to move to the position where the mounting port 344 is located by driving the shaft 331 to rotate the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360, the guide block 410 can be taken out through the mounting port 344 by moving the guide port into the mounting port 344, thereby facilitating the maintenance and replacement of the parts on the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360.

[0153] The present application also provides a battery management system, comprising the battery pack 500 and the above-mentioned any embodiment of the change-over switch arranged on the battery pack 500.

[0154] The specific structure of the change-over switch has been described in detail in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0155] The present application also provides a power utilization equipment, comprising an equipment body and the above-mentioned any embodiment of the battery management system arranged on the equipment body.

[0156] In the present embodiment, the power utilization equipment is an electric vehicle; in other embodiments, the power utilization equipment can also be an energy storage system, an electric ship, an electric aircraft, an industrial equipment or a medical equipment, etc.

[0157] When the plurality of battery packs 500 needs to be converted to the parallel state, the worm 332 is driven to rotate by the motor 321, so that the turbine drives the shaft 331 to rotate, the shaft 331 can drive the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 to rotate, so that the first rotating part 350 drives the guide block 410 to move into one of the second guide parts 422, at this time, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can be close to the bottom plate 341, the two first protrusions 213 of one of the connecting plates 210 can abut against the two second protrusions 111 on the two plate bodies 110 of one of the electric connection mechanisms 100, the two protrusions on the other connecting plate 210 can abut against the two second protrusions 111 on the two plate bodies 110 of the other electric connection mechanism 100, the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111 drive the connecting plate 210 to press the spring, at this time, the guide block 410 can abut against the top wall of the second guide part 422, so that the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 111 abut against the elastic force of the spring in the compressed state, at this time, the plurality of battery packs 500 are converted to the parallel state.

[0158] When it is needed to convert the plurality of battery packs 500 to the disconnected state, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are driven to rotate again by the driving shaft 331, so that the first rotating part 350 drives the guide block 410 to move into the first guide part 421, at this time the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can be away from the bottom plate 341, the first protrusion 213 on the connecting plate 210 can be away from the second protrusion 111 on the plate body 110, so that the two plate bodies 110 of the electric connection mechanism 100 are disconnected, thereby converting the plurality of battery packs 500 to the disconnected state.

[0159] When it is needed to convert the plurality of battery packs 500 to the disconnected state, the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 are driven to rotate again by the driving shaft 331, so that the first rotating part 350 drives the guide block 410 to move into the first guide part 421, at this time the first rotating part 350 and the second rotating part 360 can be away from the bottom plate 341, the first protrusion 213 on the connecting plate 210 can be away from the second protrusion 111 on the plate body 110, so that the two plate bodies 110 of the electric connection mechanism 100 are disconnected, thereby converting the plurality of battery packs 500 to the disconnected state.

[0160] Finally, it should be noted that: after considering the specification and practicing the utility model disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the utility model. The utility model is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptability of the utility model, which follow the general principles of the utility model and include common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field of the utility model not disclosed by the utility model, and are not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the utility model is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A changeover switch, characterized in that, include: At least two electrical connection mechanisms (100) are provided, and each of the electrical connection mechanisms (100) corresponds to a plurality of battery packs (500). Each electrical connection mechanism (100) includes two plates (110), one of which is electrically connected to a total input terminal (600) and the other of which is electrically connected to a total output terminal (700). The battery packs (500) are connected in series between one of the plates (110) and the total input terminal (600) or between the other plate (110) and the total output terminal (700). A conversion mechanism (200) is disposed among a plurality of plates (110). The conversion mechanism (200) is used to electrically connect the two plates (110) of each electrical connection mechanism (100) to switch the plurality of battery packs (500) to a parallel state; the conversion mechanism (200) is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the two plates (110) of each electrical connection mechanism (100) to switch the plurality of battery packs (500) to a disconnected state; the conversion mechanism (200) is used to electrically connect one of the plates (110) of the plurality of electrical connection mechanisms (100) to switch the plurality of battery packs (500) to a series state.

2. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion mechanism (200) includes a connecting plate (210) and a drive assembly (300). There are two electrical connection mechanisms (100) and two connecting plates (210). The two connecting plates (210) correspond one-to-one with the two electrical connection mechanisms (100). The drive assembly (300) is used to drive the connecting plates (210) to move. When multiple battery packs (500) are in parallel, the connecting plate (210) abuts against the two plates (110) of the electrical connection mechanism (100) simultaneously; when multiple battery packs (500) are in disconnected, the connecting plate (210) disengages from the two plates (110) of the electrical connection mechanism (100); when multiple battery packs (500) are in series, one of the connecting plates (210) abuts against one of the plates (110) of the two electrical connection mechanisms (100) simultaneously.

3. The changeover switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly (300) includes a rotating plate (310) and a drive member (320). The connecting plate (210) is disposed on the rotating plate (310) and the rotating plate (310) is disposed on the drive member (320). The drive member (320) is used to drive the rotating plate (310) to rotate so that the rotating plate (310) drives the connecting plate (210) to move.

4. The changeover switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly (300) further includes a connector (340), the plate (110) is disposed on the connector (340), the rotating plate (310) is rotatably disposed on the connector (340), and the drive component (320) is disposed on the connector (340).

5. The changeover switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connector (340) includes a base plate (341) and a guide seat (342). The plate body (110) is disposed on the base plate (341), the guide seat (342) is disposed on the base plate (341), the rotating plate (310) is rotatably disposed in the guide seat (342), and the driving member (320) is disposed on the guide seat (342).

6. The changeover switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base plate (341) is provided with at least one receiving groove (343) for receiving at least one of the plates (110).

7. The changeover switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, Part of the plate (110) extends to the outside of the base plate (341).

8. The changeover switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The width of at least a portion of the plate (110) gradually increases along a direction away from the center of the base plate (341).

9. The changeover switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing mechanism, wherein the sealing mechanism is provided between at least one of the guide seat (342) and the base plate (341) and between the guide seat (342) and the rotating plate (310), and a sealing space is formed between the guide seat (342), the base plate (341) and the sealing mechanism, and the sealing space is used to fill inert gas.

10. The changeover switch according to any one of claims 3-9, characterized in that, The rotating plate (310) includes a first rotating part (350) and a second rotating part (360). The first rotating part (350) is disposed on the second rotating part (360). The connecting plate (210) is slidably disposed on the first rotating part (350). At least one elastic element (362) is disposed between the second rotating part (360) and the connecting plate (210). When the multiple battery packs (500) are in the parallel state and the series state, the connecting plate (210) squeezes the elastic element (362) so that the elastic element (362) is in a compressed state.

11. The changeover switch according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first rotating part (350) is provided with two openings (351), and the two connecting plates (210) are slidably disposed in the two openings (351) in a one-to-one correspondence. The connecting plates (210) are slidably disposed on the first rotating part (350) through the openings (351).

12. The changeover switch according to claim 11, characterized in that, At least one sliding block (211) is provided on the connecting plate (210), and at least one sliding groove (352) is provided on the inner wall of the opening (351). The sliding blocks (211) are slidably connected in the sliding grooves (352) one by one.

13. The changeover switch according to claim 12, characterized in that, The end of the sliding groove (352) away from the second rotating part (360) is closed.

14. The changeover switch according to claim 10, characterized in that, The connecting plate (210) is provided with at least one groove (212) for accommodating the end of the elastic member (362).

15. The changeover switch according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second rotating part (360) is provided with at least one boss (361), and the end of the elastic member (362) is used to be sleeved on the boss (361).

16. The changeover switch according to any one of claims 3-9, characterized in that, The connecting plate (210) is provided with at least two first protrusions (213), which are used to abut against the plate body (110).

17. The changeover switch according to claim 16, characterized in that, The plate (110) is provided with a second protrusion (111), which is used to abut against the first protrusion (213).

18. The changeover switch according to claim 17, characterized in that, At least one of the opposing surfaces of the first protrusion (213) and the second protrusion (111) is configured as a sphere or a plane.

19. The changeover switch according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that, The driving component (320) includes a drive motor (321), a transmission part (330), and a drive shaft (331). The drive motor (321) is mounted on the guide seat (342). The transmission part (330) is mounted between the drive end of the drive motor (321) and the drive shaft (331). The rotating plate (310) is mounted on the drive shaft (331). The transmission part (330) is used to drive the drive shaft (331) to rotate when the drive end of the drive motor (321) rotates, so that the drive shaft (331) drives the rotating plate (310) to rotate.

20. The changeover switch according to claim 19, characterized in that, The transmission unit (330) includes a worm (332) and a worm wheel (333). The worm (332) is disposed on the drive end of the drive motor (321), and the worm wheel (333) is sleeved and fixedly connected to the drive shaft (331). The worm (332) meshes with the worm wheel (333).

21. The changeover switch according to claim 19, characterized in that, It also includes a guide mechanism (400), the rotating plate (310) is slidably disposed on the drive shaft (331) along the axial direction of the drive shaft (331), the guide mechanism (400) is disposed between the guide seat (342) and the rotating plate (310), the guide mechanism (400) is used to drive the rotating plate (310) to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft (331) when the drive shaft (331) drives the rotating plate (310) to rotate.

22. The changeover switch according to claim 21, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism (400) includes at least one guide block (410) and at least one guide groove (420). The guide block (410) is disposed on the rotating plate (310), and the guide groove (420) is disposed on the inner wall of the guide seat (342). When the drive shaft (331) drives the rotating plate (310) to rotate, the guide block (410) slides in the guide groove (420) to drive the rotating plate (310) to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft (331).

23. The changeover switch according to claim 22, characterized in that, The guide groove (420) includes a first guide portion (421) and two second guide portions (422). The two second guide portions (422) are respectively connected to both sides of the first guide portion (421). The distance between the first guide portion (421) and the base plate (341) is greater than the distance between the second guide portion (422) and the base plate (341). When the multiple battery packs (500) are in the parallel state, the guide block (410) is located in one of the second guide portions (422); when the multiple battery packs (500) are in the disconnected state, the guide block (410) is located in the first guide portion (421); and when the multiple battery packs (500) are in the series state, the guide block (410) is located in the other second guide portion (422).

24. The changeover switch according to claim 22, characterized in that, The guide seat (342) is provided with at least one mounting port (344), which is connected to the guide groove (420). The mounting port (344) is used for the guide block (410) to move into or out of the guide groove (420).

25. A battery management system, characterized in that, It includes a battery pack (500) and a changeover switch disposed on the battery pack (500) as described in any one of claims 1-24.

26. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes a device body and a battery management system as described in claim 25, which is disposed on the device body.

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