Solid-state button cell and pressing tool thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides a solid-state button cell and a pressing tool thereof, and relates to the technical field of button cells, the solid-state button cell comprises an upper cover, a lower cover, a battery unit and an elastic assembly, the upper cover and the lower cover are fixed and form a closed cavity, and the upper cover and the lower cover are mutually insulated; the battery unit is arranged in the closed cavity, the battery unit comprises a positive electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer and a negative electrode layer which are sequentially laminated and fixed in a press fit manner, the positive electrode layer is electrically connected with the lower cover, and the negative electrode layer is electrically connected with the upper cover. According to the utility model, the battery unit is arranged, the solid electrolyte layer on the battery unit is used for storing energy, the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer are used for releasing electric energy, and the whole battery can be directly formed by pressing powder, so that the battery is more favorable for being put into industrial and practical production application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to button cell technical field especially relates to a kind of solid-state button cell and its pressing tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electrolyte in button cell is generally liquid. It is usually composed of organic solvent and lithium salt, and can conduct ions between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, helping the battery to charge and discharge, for example, a kind of rechargeable lithium-ion button cell and the preparation method of its positive electrode with publication No. CN102306724A. With the technical change of battery industry, alkali metal battery technology is advancing from traditional liquid electrolyte to all-solid-state battery. All-solid-state battery becomes an important development direction in new energy field with its high safety, high energy density and other advantages.

[0003] At present, the research on all-solid-state battery is mainly in the laboratory stage, but the mold battery used in the laboratory research and development process is difficult to be put into industrial production and practical production application, and it has the problems of high cost and low efficiency in process, which hinders the development process and market popularization of all-solid-state battery to some extent. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of solid-state button cell and its pressing tool, by the battery unit of being set, energy is stored by solid electrolyte layer on the battery unit, and electric energy is released by positive electrode layer and negative electrode layer, and its whole can be directly formed by powder pressing, more conducive to industrialization and practical production application.

[0005] The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, the utility model provides a kind of solid-state button cell, including upper cover, lower cover, battery unit and elastic component, wherein,

[0007] The upper cover and the lower cover are fixed and form a closed cavity, and the upper cover and the lower cover are insulated from each other;

[0008] The battery unit is arranged in the closed cavity, and the battery unit includes positive electrode layer, solid electrolyte layer and negative electrode layer which are stacked in sequence and are fixed by pressing, the positive electrode layer is electrically connected with the lower cover, and the negative electrode layer is electrically connected with the upper cover;

[0009] The elastic component is arranged on at least one side of the battery unit, so that the battery unit, the upper cover and the lower cover form stable electrical connection.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the elastic component includes gasket and spring sheet, and the gasket is attached to the positive electrode layer or the negative electrode layer.

[0011] In another aspect, the utility model provides a kind of pressing tool, for pressing the solid-state button cell described above, the pressing tool includes cylinder, bearing base and pressure column, wherein,

[0012] Cylinder is provided with pressing cavity, both ends of the cylinder are open, and both ends are communicated with the pressing cavity on the cylinder, and the pressing cavity is used to accommodate solid electrolyte layer or battery cell;

[0013] Bearing base includes bearing part, and the bearing part is inserted into the side opening of cylinder to close the side opening of cylinder.

[0014] Pressure column is inserted into the other side opening of cylinder to extrude solid electrolyte layer or battery cell in pressing cavity.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the cylinder is provided with a matching groove, the matching groove is located on the side of the bearing part inserted into the cylinder, the bearing part is located in the matching groove, and the inner diameter of the matching groove is greater than the inner diameter of the pressing cavity.

[0016] Further preferably, it further includes a sealing ring, the bearing part is cylindrical, and an annular groove is provided on the outside, the sealing ring is sleeved in the annular groove of the bearing part, and the sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the matching groove.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the bearing base further includes a support part, the support part is fixed on the end of the bearing part away from the pressing cavity, and is attached to the outside of the cylinder.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the cylinder is provided with an air passage, and the air passage is communicated with the pressing cavity.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, it further includes two diaphragms, and the two diaphragms are respectively arranged on the bearing part and the pressure column.

[0020] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, it further includes two pressure-resistant sheets, and the two pressure-resistant sheets are respectively arranged on the bearing part and the pressure column, and are both directed to the pressing cavity, and the pressure-resistant sheets are matched with the inner diameter of the pressing cavity.

[0021] The solid-state button cell and the pressing tool thereof have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0022] (1) By arranging the battery cell, the solid electrolyte layer on the battery cell stores energy, and releases electrical energy through the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, and the whole can be directly pressed from powder, which is more conducive to industrialization and practical production application.

[0023] (2) Set the cylinder, pressure column and bearing base, first to solid electrolyte layer for pressing, then the whole battery unit for pressing operation, thus forming a battery unit, in the pressing of solid electrolyte layer, solid electrolyte powder is put into the pressing cavity, can be pressed, for the whole battery unit pressing, need to put the negative electrode layer material first, which can be metal powder or foil, then put the solid electrolyte layer after pressing, finally put the positive electrode layer powder material, through twice pressing to realize the whole battery unit pressing forming, to realize the industrialized production and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the solid-state button cell of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 The exploded view of the pressing tool of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 The sectional view of the pressing tool of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 The solid-state button cell of the present application comprises an upper cover 1, a lower cover 2, a battery unit 3 and an elastic assembly 4.

[0030] The upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2 are fixed and form a closed cavity, and the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2 are insulated from each other, and the insulation method can be sealing glue or assembling by setting a prefabricated glue layer on the upper cover 1. The upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2 are the shell packaging of the solid-state button cell, and the packaging model can be selected from one of the CR3032, CR2477, CR2450, CR2430, CR2412, CR2354, CR2335, CR2330, CR2325, CR2320, CR2032, CR2025, CR2016, CR1632, CR1620, CR1616, CR1225, CR1216, CR1025, CR1220 type button cell shell.

[0031] The battery cell 3 is arranged in the closed cavity, and the battery cell 3 includes a positive electrode layer 31, a solid electrolyte layer 32, and a negative electrode layer 33 which are sequentially stacked and press-fitted, the positive electrode layer 31 is electrically connected with the lower cover 2, and the negative electrode layer 33 is electrically connected with the upper cover 1.

[0032] The solid electrolyte can be one of a sulfide solid-state electrolyte, a halide solid-state electrolyte, a halide-oxygen solid-state electrolyte, a sulfide solid-state electrolyte and a halide solid-state electrolyte pressed and stacked electrolyte layer, and a sulfide solid-state electrolyte and a halide-oxygen solid-state electrolyte pressed and stacked electrolyte layer, and the halide Li3InCl6 is selected in this example. For the solid electrolyte layer 32, the powder electrolyte is press-formed.

[0033] The positive electrode layer 31 used is a composite positive electrode material, which is a uniform mixture of positive electrode material, solid electrolyte and electronic conductive agent press-formed, the positive electrode material can be one or more of cobaltate, lithium / sodium layered oxide, lithium iron phosphate prussian blue or prussian blue analogues, and the positive electrode material LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2 is selected as the positive electrode active material; the solid electrolyte can be one or more of a sulfide solid-state electrolyte, a halide solid-state electrolyte, or a halide-oxygen solid-state electrolyte; the electronic conductive agent can be one or more of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, and nano-carbon fiber (VGCF), in addition, the mass ratio of the positive electrode material, the solid electrolyte and the electronic conductive agent is preferably (60-90):(20-5):(20-5), and the mixing process of the composite positive electrode material can be manual grinding or mechanical ball milling. The manual grinding method needs to be ground for 5-60 minutes; the ball-to-material ratio in the mechanical ball milling method is (20-50:1), and the ball milling time is 30-300 minutes.

[0034] The negative electrode layer 33 can be one of metal Li, metal Na, metal K, Li-In alloy, Li-Al alloy, Li-Mg alloy, Li-Sn alloy, Na-In alloy, Na-Al alloy, Na-Mg alloy, Na-Sn alloy, and the Li-In alloy is selected as the negative electrode layer in the embodiment.

[0035] The elastic assembly 4 is arranged on at least one side of the battery unit 3 to form stable electrical connection between the battery unit 3, the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2. The elastic assembly 4 is arranged to press the battery unit 3, so that the negative electrode layer 33 on the battery unit 3 forms stable electrical connection with the upper cover 1 and the positive electrode layer 31 forms stable electrical connection with the lower cover 2.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the number of the elastic assembly 4 is two, and the elastic assembly 4 is arranged on both sides of the battery unit 3, that is, the negative electrode layer 33 and the upper cover 1 are electrically connected through one elastic assembly 4, and the positive electrode layer 31 and the lower cover 2 are electrically connected through another elastic assembly 4. Through the arrangement of the two elastic assemblies 4, the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2 can be directly used as the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and then connected with the external circuit to form a loop.

[0037] Specifically, the elastic assembly 4 includes a gasket 41 and a spring 42, and the gasket 41 is attached to the positive electrode layer 31 or the negative electrode layer 33.

[0038] The spring 42 has a certain elasticity and is arranged to fill the gap between the upper cover 1, the lower cover 2 and the battery unit 3, and to electrically connect the battery unit 3 with the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2. The diameter of the gasket 41 is basically consistent with the diameter of the battery unit 3, so that when the spring 42 presses the battery unit 3, the pressing force of the spring 42 can be evenly distributed on the battery unit 3, avoiding local excessive force and causing damage to the battery unit 3.

[0039] As shown in Figures 2-3 The pressing tool of the utility model is used for pressing the solid electrolyte layer 32 or the battery unit 3, and the pressing tool includes a cylinder 10, a bearing base 20 and a pressing column 30.

[0040] The cylinder 10 is provided with a pressing cavity 101, both ends of the cylinder 10 are provided with openings, and both ends of the cylinder 10 are communicated with the pressing cavity 101 on the cylinder 10, and the pressing cavity 101 is used for accommodating the solid electrolyte layer 32 or the battery unit 3.

[0041] The bearing base 20 includes a bearing part 201, and the bearing part 201 is inserted into one side opening of the cylinder 10 to close the side opening of the cylinder 10.

[0042] The pressing column 30 is inserted into the other opening of the cylinder 10 to extrude the solid electrolyte layer 32 or the battery cell 3 in the pressing cavity 101.

[0043] When the battery cell 3 is subjected to the pressing forming, two pressing processes are required, the solid electrolyte layer 32 is pressed first, and then the whole battery cell 3 is pressed to form the battery cell 3. When the solid electrolyte layer 32 is pressed, the solid electrolyte powder is placed in the pressing cavity 101, and then the pressing is performed. For the whole battery cell 3, the material of the negative electrode layer 33, which can be metal powder or foil, is placed first, then the pressed solid electrolyte layer 32 is placed, and finally the positive electrode layer 31 powder material is placed.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, a matching groove 102 is formed on the cylinder 10, which is located on the side of the cylinder 10 where the bearing part 201 is inserted, the bearing part 201 is located in the matching groove 102, and the inner diameter of the matching groove 102 is greater than that of the pressing cavity 101.

[0045] A through channel is provided on the cylinder 10, the middle part of the channel is the pressing cavity 101, and the two sides are open. A matching groove 102 is provided at the bottom opening, that is, on the side where the bearing part 201 is installed. The matching groove 102 is used for inserting and limiting the bearing part 201, so that the bearing part 201 can support the whole cylinder 10 and block the bottom opening of the cylinder 10.

[0046] Further preferably, a sealing ring 40 is further included, the bearing part 201 is cylindrical and has an annular groove formed on the outside, the sealing ring 40 is sleeved in the annular groove of the bearing part 201, and the sealing ring 40 is in contact with the inner wall of the matching groove 102.

[0047] Considering that the powder needs to be pressed, the sealing ring 40 can improve the sealing performance of the bottom opening of the cylinder 10, so as to prevent the powder from leaking downward from the bottom opening during the pressing process. The annular groove is arranged so that the sealing ring 40 can be clamped into the matching groove 102.

[0048] In this embodiment, the bearing base 20 further includes a support part 202, which is fixed on the end of the bearing part 201 away from the pressing cavity 101 and is attached to the outside of the cylinder 10. The support part 202 serves as the bearing part of the tooling, and its bottom surface is larger than the top surface of the cylinder 10 inserted into the cylinder 10, so as to have better stability.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the cylinder 10 is provided with an air passage 103, which communicates with the pressing cavity 101. During the pressing process, the air passage 103 is used to exhaust the air in the pressing cavity 101, thereby improving the pressing efficiency. Since the air passage 103 communicates with the side of the pressing cavity 101 during the pressing process, it does not affect the pressing and forming of the battery unit 3.

[0050] In this embodiment, two diaphragms 60 are also provided, which are respectively arranged on the bearing part 201 and the pressing column 30. The diaphragm 60 has a certain deformation capacity, and contacts the solid electrolyte or the battery unit 3 through the two diaphragms 60, thereby dispersing the local excessive pressure during the pressing process, so that the pressure is uniformly distributed, thereby improving the forming efficiency and avoiding the fragmentation of the solid electrolyte layer 32 in the secondary pressing process due to the excessive local pressure.

[0051] In addition, two pressure-resistant sheets 50 are also provided in this embodiment, which are respectively arranged on the bearing part 201 and the pressing column 30, and both face the pressing cavity 101. The pressure-resistant sheet 50 is matched with the inner diameter of the pressing cavity 101.

[0052] It should be noted that the diameter of the pressing column 30 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressing cavity 101, and the bearing part 201 cannot be inserted into the pressing cavity 101. Therefore, the pressure-resistant sheet 50 can be matched with the inner diameter of the pressing cavity 101 by size setting, so as to avoid the powder from seeping out from the gap during the pressing process.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, during the primary pressing, the solid electrolyte is added to the pressing tool, and two pressure-resistant sheets 50 and two diaphragms 60 are respectively arranged on both sides of the solid electrolyte. The polymer diaphragm 60 is clamped between the metal pressure-resistant sheet 50 and the solid electrolyte layer 32, so as to ensure that the solid electrolyte layer 32 is not crushed during the pressing process and facilitate demolding. The 0.5t-2t pressure is used to press for 5-20 minutes (i.e. primary pressing), and then the mold is demolded and used.

[0054] During the secondary pressing, the anode layer 33, the demolded solid electrolyte layer 32, and the cathode layer 31 composite material are sequentially added to the tool from bottom to top, and the pressure-resistant sheets 50 and the diaphragms 60 are respectively arranged on both sides for demolding. Finally, the complete battery unit is formed by pressing under the pressure of 3-15t for 5-20 minutes (i.e. secondary pressing), and then demolding and waiting for use.

[0055] Finally, the battery unit 3 after demolding is matched with the battery packaging and assembled together, and the pressure is kept at 30-100kg / cm-2 for 0.5-3 minutes, so as to ensure that the battery structure is stable and sealed well, and the packaging of the full solid-state button battery is completed, and it should be noted that the pressing, demolding, assembling process and composite positive electrode mixing process of the full solid-state button battery need to be carried out in an inert atmosphere, which can be nitrogen, neon, helium, argon environment, so as to prevent the electrolyte effective substance from deteriorating.

[0056] In addition, the diaphragm 60 can be selected from one of polytetrafluoroethylene film, ethylene-propylene rubber film, polyimide film, polyurethane plastic film, polyether ether ketone film and other pressure-resistant polymer matrixes, and if the composite positive electrode material adheres to the polymer matrix during the secondary pressing process, a layer of copper foil or aluminum foil can be additionally added between the positive electrode and the polymer matrix as a separation layer to prevent the loss of positive electrode active material.

[0057] The full solid-state button battery adopts the powder tabletting forming method to produce the battery unit 3, and uses the commercially available liquid button battery shell for assembly. By accurately controlling the pressing pressure and improving the demolding technology, the forming efficiency and preparation success rate of the battery unit are improved. This method not only simplifies the packaging process and reduces the cost, but also significantly improves the production and research and development efficiency of the full solid-state battery, so that large-scale production of the full solid-state button battery becomes possible, and the method has broad application potential.

[0058] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A solid-state button battery, characterized in that: Includes an upper cover (1), a lower cover (2), a battery unit (3), and a flexible component (4), wherein, The upper cover (1) and the lower cover (2) are fixed together to form a closed cavity, and the upper cover (1) and the lower cover (2) are insulated from each other; The battery unit (3) is set in a closed cavity. The battery unit (3) includes a positive electrode layer (31), a solid electrolyte layer (32) and a negative electrode layer (33) stacked in sequence and pressed and fixed. The positive electrode layer (31) is electrically connected to the lower cover (2) and the negative electrode layer (33) is electrically connected to the upper cover (1). The elastic component (4) is disposed on at least one side of the battery cell (3) so that the battery cell (3) forms a stable electrical connection with the upper cover (1) and the lower cover (2).

2. The solid-state button battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (4) includes a gasket (41) and a spring (42), wherein the gasket (41) is attached to the positive electrode layer (31) or the negative electrode layer (33).

3. A pressing tool, characterized in that: For pressing solid-state button batteries according to any one of claims 1-2, the pressing fixture includes a cylindrical body (10), a supporting base (20), and a pressing column (30), wherein, A pressing cavity (101) is provided on the cylinder (10). Both ends of the cylinder (10) are open and both openings are connected to the pressing cavity (101) on the cylinder (10). The pressing cavity (101) is used to accommodate the solid electrolyte layer (32) or the battery cell (3). The support base (20) includes a support part (201), which is inserted into a side opening of the cylinder (10) to close the side opening of the cylinder (10); The pressure column (30) is inserted into the opening on the other side of the cylinder (10) to squeeze the solid electrolyte layer (32) or battery cell (3) in the pressing chamber (101).

4. The pressing fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder (10) is provided with a mating groove (102), which is located on the side where the bearing part (201) is inserted into the cylinder (10). The bearing part (201) is located inside the mating groove (102), and the inner diameter of the mating groove (102) is larger than the inner diameter of the pressing cavity (101).

5. The pressing fixture as described in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing ring (40). The bearing part (201) is cylindrical and has an annular groove on the outside. The sealing ring (40) is fitted into the annular groove of the bearing part (201) and contacts the inner wall of the mating groove (102).

6. The pressing fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The bearing base (20) also includes a support (202), which is fixed on the end of the bearing (201) away from the pressing cavity (101) and fits against the outside of the cylinder (10).

7. The pressing fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that: An air passage (103) is provided on the cylinder (10), and the air passage (103) is connected to the compression chamber (101).

8. The pressing fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes two diaphragms (60), which are respectively disposed on the support part (201) and the pressure column (30).

9. The pressing fixture as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes two pressure-resistant plates (50), which are respectively disposed on the bearing part (201) and the pressure column (30) and face the pressing cavity (101). The pressure-resistant plates (50) are adapted to the inner diameter of the pressing cavity (101).

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