Power divider, array antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a power divider, an array antenna and electronic equipment. The power divider comprises a substrate; the input end and the at least three feed branches are arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; each feed branch comprises a first end and a second end, and the second ends of the at least two feed branches are connected with the input end; the feed branch comprises a first power division branch line, the first end of the first power division branch line serves as the first end of the feed branch, and the line widths of the at least two first power division branch lines are different. According to the power divider, the first power division branch lines are arranged on the feed branch, the dependency relationship between the feed branch and the feed line in the design is relieved, accurate control over the power division ratio of the output port can be achieved due to the fact that the line widths of the at least two first power division branch lines are different, and the design flexibility of the power divider is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a power divider, an array antenna and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The power divider is a microwave and radio frequency device that divides input power according to a certain ratio to multiple output ports, and is widely used in communication systems, radar systems, measurement systems and other fields, and is mainly used for signal distribution, power distribution and synthesis.

[0003] The power division ratio is designed for the output amplitude or power of each output port of the power divider, and in the prior art, the specified output power division ratio is realized by the impedance transformation section on the feed line and the output branch line. There are transmission lines with different characteristic impedances on the feed line, but the total length is constant, thereby limiting the output port spacing. Therefore, the design of the power divider in the prior art limits the power division ratio and the output port spacing. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a power divider, an array antenna and an electronic device, which improve the flexibility of the design of the power divider.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power divider, which comprises:

[0006] a substrate;

[0007] an input end and at least three feed branches arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; the feed branch comprises a first end and a second end, and the second end of at least two feed branches is connected with the input end;

[0008] The feed branch comprises a first power branch line, the first end of the first power branch line serves as the first end of the feed branch, and the line widths of at least two first power branch lines are different.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the power divider further comprises: a first feed line network structure and a second feed line network structure arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; wherein the first feed line network structure comprises at least one feed branch, and the second feed line network structure comprises at least two feed branches;

[0010] One of the feed branches in the first feed line network structure is connected with the input end;

[0011] One of the feed branches in the second feed line network structure is connected with the input end.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the input end comprises a main line, a first transmission branch line and a second transmission branch line connected with the main line;

[0013] A power supply branch in the first feeder network structure is connected to the first transmission branch; a power supply branch in the second feeder network structure is connected to the second transmission branch;

[0014] In the first and second feeder network structures, the second ends of the remaining feeder branches are connected to the previous feeder branch via feeders.

[0015] In one embodiment, the power supply branch further includes: a second power branch line; the second end of the first power branch line is connected to the first end of the second power branch line, and the second end of the second power branch line is the second end of the power supply branch.

[0016] In one embodiment, the feeder includes a straight segment and a bent segment, with the straight segment connected to the bent segment;

[0017] The first end of the straight segment is connected to the feed branch near the input end, the second end of the straight segment is connected to the first end of the bent segment, and the second end of the bent segment is connected to the feed branch away from the input end.

[0018] In one embodiment, the projected length of the feed line in the first direction and the spacing length between the two feed branches connected by the feed line are the same.

[0019] The projected length of the feeder in the first direction is the sum of the length of the straight segment and the projected length of the bent segment in the first direction; the first direction is parallel to the direction of the straight segment.

[0020] In one embodiment, the length of the feed line is an integer multiple of the waveguide wavelength;

[0021] The length of the feeder is the sum of the length of the straight segment and the length of the bent segment.

[0022] In one embodiment, the sum of the projected lengths of the first transmission branch and the second transmission branch in the first direction, and the spacing length between the feed branches connecting the first transmission branch and the second transmission branch, are the same.

[0023] In one embodiment, the electrical length of both the first power branch line and the second power branch line is 1 / 4 of the signal wavelength, where the signal wavelength is the signal wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the power divider.

[0024] In one embodiment, the input terminal includes a first transmission branch and a second transmission branch, wherein the first transmission branch and the second transmission branch are bent structures.

[0025] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the trunk is 1 / 4 of the signal wavelength, and the electrical lengths of the first and second transmission branches are 3 / 4 of the signal wavelength.

[0026] The signal wavelength is the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the power divider.

[0027] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an array antenna, comprising the power divider and the antenna unit as any of the above.

[0028] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising the array antenna as above.

[0029] The power divider, the array antenna and the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application, the power divider comprises: a substrate; an input end and at least three feeding branches arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; the feeding branch comprises a first end and a second end, and the second end of at least two feeding branches is connected with the input end; the feeding branch comprises a first power branch line, the first end of the first power branch line serves as the first end of the feeding branch, and the line widths of at least two first power branch lines are different. By arranging the impedance transformation section related to the power division ratio on the first power branch line, the dependence relationship between the feeding branch and the feeder in the power division ratio design is eliminated, the power division ratio design is avoided to be limited by the feeder, the line widths of at least two first power branch lines are different, the accurate control of the output port power division ratio can be realized, and the flexibility of the power divider design is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0031] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the power divider provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the input end provided by an embodiment of the present application

[0033] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the feeder network provided by an embodiment of the present application

[0034] Figure 4 Simulation result diagram of the return loss and the transmission coefficient of the power divider in the embodiment Figure 1

[0035] Simulation result diagram of the output port phase of the power divider in the embodiment Figure 5 Figure 1 Simulation result diagram of the return loss and the transmission coefficient of the power divider in the embodiment

[0036] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the power divider provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 7 Simulation result diagram of the return loss and the transmission coefficient of the power divider in the embodiment Figure 6 ​​

[0038] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The simulation results of the output port phase of the power divider in the embodiment are shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 100, Input terminal; 110, Main trunk line; 120, First transmission branch line; 130, Second transmission branch line;

[0041] 200. First feeder network structure; 210. Feeder branch; 211. First power branch line; 212. Second power branch line; 220. Feeder;

[0042] 300. Second feeder network structure.

[0043] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0045] First, let me explain the terms used in this application:

[0046] Microstrip array antennas are array antennas composed of multiple microstrip patch antennas arranged in a two-dimensional plane. Depending on the feeding method, they can be divided into two types: series-fed and parallel-fed.

[0047] Power dividers: There are two main types of power divider structures that enable high gain and low sidelobes in microstrip array antennas: one is a power divider using a parallel feed network structure, and the other is a power divider using a series feed network structure.

[0048] Power division ratio: The ratio of the output power of the power divider's output ports. When the output ports are connected to the same load, the power division ratio is equal to the ratio of the squares of the output current amplitudes.

[0049] Port spacing: The distance between two adjacent output ports of the power divider.

[0050] Array antennas, characterized by their low profile, light weight, good electrical performance, ease of fabrication, ease of integration, and mass production capability, are widely used in radar and communication fields. To improve radar detection range and communication equipment range while reducing interference in non-target angular regions, array antennas require high gain and low sidelobes. The demands for main lobe coverage of the target angular region and miniaturization place higher requirements on the array layout. An array antenna consists of antenna elements and a power divider. Its high gain and low sidelobe characteristics depend on the power division ratio, power division ratio, and power divider loss; its main lobe width and size depend on the element layout, i.e., the spacing between the power divider output ports. Therefore, to meet the performance requirements of high gain, low sidelobes, and controllable beamwidth for microstrip array antennas, the power divider needs to have low loss and the ability to flexibly design the output port power division ratio and output port spacing.

[0051] The power division ratio design is to design the output amplitude or power of each output port of the power divider. In the prior art, the specified output power division ratio is achieved by impedance transformation sections on the feed line and output branch line. Therefore, the power division ratio design of the power divider is limited by the characteristic impedance of other parts of the feed line.

[0052] The power divider provided in this application eliminates the dependence between the power division ratio branch and the feed line in the power division ratio design by setting the impedance transformation section related to the power division ratio on the feed branch, thus avoiding the limitation of the power division ratio design by the feed line. The fact that the line widths of at least two first power branch lines are different can achieve precise control of the power division ratio of the output port, thereby improving the flexibility of the power divider design. Secondly, the feed line is more flexible, and the spacing between the output ports can be designed within a wider range.

[0053] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power divider provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 The power divider includes: a substrate (not shown in the figure); an input terminal 100 disposed on the upper surface of the substrate; at least three power feed branches 210; each power feed branch includes a first end and a second end, and the second ends of at least two power feed branches 210 are connected to the input terminal 100; each power feed branch 210 includes a first power branch line 211, the first end of the first power branch line 211 serving as the first end of the power feed branch 210, and at least two first power branch lines 211 having different line widths.

[0055] Specifically, the first end of the feeding branch 210 is the output port of the power divider. Since the characteristic impedance of the transmission line decreases when the line width increases. This is because the increase in line width increases the capacitance of the transmission line, and the characteristic impedance is inversely proportional to the capacitance. The line width of the first power branch line 211 is negatively correlated with its characteristic impedance, and the characteristic impedance of the first power branch line 211 is positively correlated with the power division ratio of the power divider. Therefore, the line width of the first power branch line 211 is negatively correlated with the power division ratio of the power divider.

[0056] The present application solves the dependence of the feeding branch 210 and the feeder 220 in the power division ratio design by arranging the power division ratio related impedance transformation section on the feeding branch 210, avoids the limitation of the feeder 220 in the power division ratio design, and realizes the accurate control of the output port power division ratio by the different line widths of at least two first power branch lines, thereby improving the flexibility of the power divider design. Secondly, the flexibility of the feeder is higher, the designable range of the port spacing is increased, and the port spacing design is more flexible.

[0057] In one of the embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The power divider further comprises: a first feeder network structure 200 and a second feeder network structure 300 arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; wherein the first feeder network structure 200 comprises at least one feeding branch 210, and the second feeder network structure 300 comprises at least two feeding branches 210; one feeding branch 210 in the first feeder network structure 200 is connected with the input end 100; one feeding branch 210 in the second feeder network structure 300 is connected with the input end 100.

[0058] In one of the embodiments, the input end 100 comprises a main line 110, a first transmission branch line 120 and a second transmission branch line 130 connected with the main line 110; one feeding branch 210 in the first feeder network structure 200 is connected with the first transmission branch line 120; one feeding branch 210 in the second feeder network structure 300 is connected with the second transmission branch line 130; the second ends of the remaining feeding branches 210 in the first feeder network structure 200 and the second feeder network structure 300 are connected with the previous feeding branch 210 through the feeder 220.

[0059] Specifically, the substrate serves as the support and insulation layer of the entire power divider structure, the input end 100, the output port and the two feeder network structures are printed on the upper surface of the substrate, and the power divider further comprises a metal ground plate layer located on the lower surface of the substrate, which usually serves as a ground plate to provide a return circuit for signals and helps to shield external electromagnetic interference. In one example, the substrate is made of a plate material with a relative dielectric constant of 3.14, and the thickness of the substrate is 0.127 mm; copper is selected as the metal material for the input end 100, the output port, the two feeder network structures and the metal ground plate layer, and the thickness of the metal layer is 15 μm. Figure 1The feeder network structures in the diagram are the first feeder network structure 200 and the second feeder network structure 300, respectively.

[0060] The two feeder network structures in this application are connected in parallel, while the feeder branches 210 in the feeder network structure are connected in series.

[0061] In the feeder network structure, the first end of the remaining feeder branches 210 is connected to the corresponding output port, and the second end is connected to the previous feeder branch 210 via feeder 220. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 In the embodiment, in the feeder network structure, except for the feeder branch 210 which is directly connected to the input terminal, the second end of the other feeder branches 210 is connected to the previous feeder branch 210 through the feeder 220.

[0062] In one embodiment, the power supply branch 210 further includes: a second power branch line 212; the first end of the first power branch line 211 is the first end of the power supply branch 210, the second end of the first power branch line 211 is connected to the first end of the second power branch line 212, and the second end of the second power branch line 212 is the second end of the power supply branch 210.

[0063] In one embodiment, the input terminal 100 includes a first transmission branch 120 and a second transmission branch 130, wherein the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 are bent structures.

[0064] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an input terminal 100 provided in one embodiment of this application. The input terminal 100 includes a main line 110 and two transmission branches connected to the main line 110, namely a first transmission branch 120 and a second transmission branch 130. In this embodiment, the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 have an L-shaped bend structure. In other embodiments, the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 can also have other types of bend structures. The L-shaped bend structure of the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 can achieve the required transmission line length within a limited space. The first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 have different characteristic impedances, which can achieve a specified power distribution. At the same time, the L-shaped bend structure of the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 allows the spacing between the two feed branches 210 connected to them to be adjusted as needed.

[0065] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the main line 110 is 1 / 4 of the signal wavelength, and the electrical lengths of the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 are 3 / 4 of the signal wavelength; the signal wavelength is the signal wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the power divider.

[0066] Specifically, the electrical length of the trunk line 110 is 1 / 4 of the signal wavelength, which enables characteristic impedance transformation. The characteristic impedance of the trunk line 110 is used to achieve characteristic impedance matching of the input signal, reduce reflection loss, and improve transmission efficiency.

[0067] In one embodiment, the feed line 220 includes a straight segment and a bent segment connected together. A first end of the straight segment is connected to a feed branch 210 near the input terminal 100, a second end of the straight segment is connected to a first end of the bent segment, and a second end of the bent segment is connected to a feed branch 210 away from the input terminal 100.

[0068] In one embodiment, the projected length of the feed line 220 in the first direction and the spacing length between the two feed branches 210 connected by the feed line 220 are the same; the projected length of the feed line in the first direction is the sum of the length of the straight segment and the projected length of the bent segment in the first direction; the first direction is parallel to the direction of the straight segment.

[0069] In one embodiment, the length of feed line 220 is an integer multiple of the waveguide wavelength, and the length of feed line 220 is the sum of the length of the straight segment and the length of the bent segment.

[0070] Specifically, the projected length of feed line 220 in the first direction is determined by the spacing of the output ports and the electromagnetic coupling requirements. The structural design of the bent section allows for flexible adjustment of the output port spacing, making it suitable for low sidelobes and beamwidth designs in array antennas. The characteristic impedance of the straight and bent sections of feed line 220 is the same. The length of feed line 220 is an integer multiple of the waveguide wavelength, typically one waveguide wavelength, ensuring that the output signals are in phase.

[0071] In one embodiment, the sum of the projected lengths of the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 in the first direction, and the spacing length between the feed branches 210 connected to the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130, are the same.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a feeder network structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0073] In one embodiment, the power supply branch 210 includes a first power branch line 211 and a second power branch line 212; the first end of the first power branch line 211 is the first end of the power supply branch 210, the second end of the first power branch line 211 is connected to the first end of the second power branch line 212, and the second end of the second power branch line 212 is the second end of the power supply branch 210.

[0074] In one of the embodiments, the characteristic impedance of the first power division branch line 211 is positively correlated with the power division ratio of the power divider. In one of the embodiments, the electrical lengths of the first power division branch line 211 and the second power division branch line 212 are both 1 / 4 of the signal wavelength, which is the signal wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the power divider.

[0075] Specifically, the line width of the transmission line is negatively correlated with the characteristic impedance, and the wider the line width of the transmission line, the smaller the characteristic impedance. The characteristic impedance of the first power division branch line 211 is determined by the power division ratio of the output port, so the line width of the first power division branch line 211 can be determined by the power division ratio of the output port. The characteristic impedance of the second power division branch line 212 is determined according to the input impedance, that is, the line width of the second power division branch line 212 is determined according to the input impedance of the feed network structure. The characteristic impedance of the first power division branch line 211 and the characteristic impedance of the second power division branch line 212 can be equal or not equal, which is not limited in the present application, and the characteristic impedance of the first power division branch line 211 and the second power division branch line 212 is determined according to the actual situation.

[0076] The present application decouples the first power division branch line 211 which determines the power division ratio from the feed line 220, so that the output power division ratio can also be designed flexibly, and the output port spacing is not limited by the length of the feed line, so that the output port spacing can be designed flexibly.

[0077] In one of the embodiments, the power division ratio of the power divider and the spacing of the output ports can be determined according to the array antenna side lobe and layout requirements, wherein the power division ratio is represented by the output current ratio. The number of output ports of the power divider is N, and the number of output ports of the first feed network structure is M.

[0078] In one of the embodiments, the power divider includes a substrate, an input end 100 and N output ports and two feed network structures arranged on the upper surface of the substrate. Assuming that the output currents of the ports are I1, I2, …, IN from left to right, the characteristic impedances of the first power division branch line 211 are Z1, Z2, …, ZN from left to right, and the relationship between them is shown in formulas (1) and (2). M N M N

[0079] I1:I2:…:IN M =Z1:Z2:…:ZN M Formula (1)

[0080] I1:I2:…:IN M+1 =Z1:Z2:…:ZN M+2 N M+1 M+2 N Formula (2)

[0081] ​​​​​​​​According to the above formula, the characteristic impedance of the first power branch line 211 can be determined, and then the line width of the first power branch line 211 can be determined. Assuming that the characteristic impedance of the second power branch line 212 is Z0, and the load connected to the output end is Z L , then the input impedance Z in1 of the first feeding network structure and the input impedance Z in2 of the second feeding network structure are as follows:

[0082]

[0083] To reduce the loss of the feeder 220, the characteristic impedance Z c of the feeder 220 is selected to be larger within the range of processable size; the characteristic impedance Z0 of the second power branch line 212 can be selected to be the same as the characteristic impedance Z c of the feeder 220 to reduce the discontinuity of the structure, and at the same time, to improve the input impedance of the series feeding network, and to reduce the difficulty of impedance matching at the input end 100.

[0084] , and the input current I left of the second feeding network structure are as follows: right The relationship between the port output current and the input current is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] To achieve the specified output current distribution, the characteristic impedance Z c1 of the first transmission branch line 120 and the characteristic impedance Z c2 of the second transmission branch line 130 are as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Assuming that the input impedance Z f at the feeding end is matched, then the characteristic impedance of the main line 110 is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] In summary, by using the structure design of the power divider of the present application, the line width of each transmission line in the power divider can be designed according to the power division ratio of the power divider and the distance between the output ports determined according to the array antenna side lobe and layout requirements. Among them, the line width of the branch line with larger impedance in the input end 100 of the power divider can be selected to be the same as the line width of the feeder 220 or the second power branch line 212, so as to reduce the discontinuity of the structure.

[0091] The transmission lines with the bending structure in the power divider, i.e., the corners of the first transmission branch line 120, the second transmission branch line 130 and the feeder 220 are chamfered to reduce current reflection and loss.

[0092] In one embodiment, Figure 1 The power divider shown is a 1-to-5 power divider. The power division ratio of the output ports is characterized by the output current, which is determined according to the -20dB Chebyshev law. The ratio of the output current from left to right is I1:I2:I3:I4:I5 = 0.5176:0.8326:1:0.8326:0.5176. The output ports are evenly spaced, with a size of d1 = d2 = d3 = d4 = 1.96mm. The characteristic impedance of the first power branch line 211 on each feed branch 210 is determined based on the ratio of the output current. Corresponding to the output current distribution, in this embodiment, the characteristic impedances of the first power branch line 211 from left to right are 45.3Ω, 72.9Ω, 72.9Ω, 60.7Ω, and 37.7Ω, respectively. To reduce losses, the characteristic impedance of feeder 220 is selected as 72.9Ω; the characteristic impedance of the second power branch 212 is also selected as 72.9Ω, which improves structural continuity and reduces losses. At this point, the input impedances of the first and second feeder network structures are 36.1Ω and 25.5Ω, respectively. To ensure the output current at the output port meets the designed ratio, the input current ratio of the feeder network structures is 0.5886:1. Therefore, the characteristic impedance ratio of the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 can be determined to be 1:0.5886. To reduce discontinuities in the power divider structure, the characteristic impedance of the first transmission branch 120 is selected as 72.9Ω, and the characteristic impedance of the second transmission branch 130 is selected as 42.9Ω. The input impedance at node 100 is 48.5Ω, and the feeder is matched to a 50Ω transmission line. The characteristic impedance of the main line 110 is selected as 49.2Ω.

[0093] The minimum horizontal spacing of the U-shaped zigzag lines in feeder 220 is determined according to the 3W criterion. This can be achieved by selecting feeder 220 where the horizontal length of the U-shaped structure is the same, adjusting the length of another horizontal segment of feeder 220 so that the sum of the horizontal segment lengths equals the corresponding output port spacing, and then calculating the vertical segment length. Similarly, the horizontal segment lengths of the first transmission branch 120 and the second transmission branch 130 are adjusted so that their sum equals the corresponding output port spacing, and then the vertical segment length is calculated. The dimensions of each transmission line segment of the power divider are calculated, and simulations are performed based on these dimensions to obtain the desired results. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The simulation results. Figure 4 for Figure 1 The simulation results of the return loss and transmission coefficient of the power divider in the embodiment are shown in the figure. It can be seen from the figure that the return loss S11 in the working frequency band of 76GHz to 77GHz is less than -35dB, and the impedance matching is good. At the center frequency of 76.5GHz, the transmission parameters S21, S31, S41, S51 and S61 conform to the designed Chebyshev distribution. Figure 5 for Figure 1The simulation result of the output port phase of the power divider in the embodiment shows that the output phase is in phase at the center frequency of 76.5 GHz.

[0094] Figure 6 The structural diagram of the power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 . The power divider is a 6-way power divider and has a symmetric structure. The power division ratio of the output port is characterized by output currents, wherein the output currents are determined according to the-20dB Chebyshev law, and the ratio of the output currents from the left to the right port is I1:I2:I3:I4:I5:I6=0.5406:0.7768:1:1:0.7768:0.5406; the output port spacing is distributed at equal intervals, and the size is set as d1=d2=d3=d4=d5=1.96mm. The characteristic impedance of the first power branch line 211 on each feeding branch 210 is determined according to the ratio of the output currents, and corresponds to the output current distribution. In this embodiment, the characteristic impedance of the first power branch line 211 from the left to the right is 39.4Ω, 56.6Ω, 72.9Ω, 72.9Ω, 56.6Ω, and 39.4Ω, respectively. In order to reduce the loss, the characteristic impedance of the feeding line 220 is selected as 72.9Ω; the characteristic impedance of the second power branch line 212 is selected as 72.9Ω, which can improve the structural continuity and reduce the loss. At this time, the input impedance of the first feeding network structure and the second feeding network structure is 26.4Ω. The characteristic impedance of the first transmission branch line 120 and the second transmission branch line 130 is selected as 72.9Ω, so as to reduce the loss caused by the structural discontinuity. The input impedance at the input end 100 node is 100.7Ω, the feeding end is matched with the 50Ω transmission line, and the characteristic impedance of the main line 110 is selected as 70.1Ω.

[0095] The minimum spacing of the horizontal line of the U-shaped line of the feeding line 220 is determined according to the 3W criterion. The horizontal length of the U-shaped structure in each feeding line 220 can be selected to be the same, the length of the other horizontal segment of the feeding line 220 is adjusted, so that the sum of the horizontal segment lengths of the feeding line 220 is equal to the corresponding output port spacing, and then the vertical segment length of the feeding line 220 is calculated. The horizontal segment length of the first transmission branch line 120 and the second transmission branch line 130 is adjusted, so that the sum of the two is equal to the corresponding output port spacing, and then the vertical segment length is calculated. The size of each transmission line of the power divider is calculated, and the simulation is performed according to the size of the transmission line, to obtain the simulation results of Figure 7 and Figure 8 .

[0096] Figure 7 is Figure 6The simulation result graph of the return loss and transmission coefficient of the power divider in the embodiment shows that, in the working frequency band 76GHz-77GHz, the return loss S11 is less than-25dB, and the impedance matching is good; at the center frequency point 76.5GHz, the transmission parameters S21, S31, S41, S51, S61 and S71 conform to the designed Chebyshev distribution. Figure 8 is Figure 6 The simulation result graph of the output port phase of the power divider in the embodiment shows that, at the center frequency point 76.5GHz, the output phase is realized to be in phase.

[0097] In the above examples, only the structure design of the power divider in the application is introduced, which can realize the output corresponding power division ratio, and realize the spacing requirement of the output port.

[0098] The embodiment of the application provides an array antenna, which comprises the power divider and an antenna unit as any of the above.

[0099] The power divider is used in the application, so that the array antenna has the characteristics of high gain and low sidelobe, the radar detection distance and the communication distance of the communication equipment are improved, and the interference in the non-target angle domain is reduced.

[0100] The application provides an electronic device comprising the array antenna.

[0101] The division of the units is only a logical function division, and in actual implementation, another division mode can be used, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection between some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0102] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. According to actual needs, part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0103] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0104] It should be understood that many variations can be made in the details of the application which are specifically set forth in the above description without departing from the true spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, although the application has been described with reference to preferred and alternative embodiments, it will be appreciated that the application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the present application followed in the general principles of the application and including such further modifications as can occur to those ordinarily skilled in the art. It is intended that the application be construed as including all such are within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power divider, characterized in that, The power divider includes: substrate; An input terminal (100) and at least three power supply branches (210) are disposed on the upper surface of the substrate; each power supply branch (210) includes a first end and a second end, and the second ends of at least two of the power supply branches (210) are connected to the input terminal (100); The power supply branch (210) includes a first power branch line (211), the first end of the first power branch line (211) serves as the first end of the power supply branch (210), and at least two of the first power branch lines (211) have different line widths.

2. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power divider further includes: a first feed network structure (200) and a second feed network structure (300) disposed on the upper surface of the substrate; wherein the first feed network structure (200) includes at least one of the feed branches (210), and the second feed network structure (300) includes at least two of the feed branches (210). One of the feed branches (210) in the first feeder network structure (200) is connected to the input terminal (100); One of the feed branches (210) in the second feeder network structure (300) is connected to the input terminal (100).

3. The power divider according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input terminal (100) includes a trunk line (110), a first transmission branch line (120) and a second transmission branch line (130) connected to the trunk line (110); One of the power supply branches (210) in the first feeder network structure (200) is connected to the first transmission branch (120); one of the power supply branches (210) in the second feeder network structure (300) is connected to the second transmission branch (130); The second ends of the remaining feed branches (210) in the first feeder network structure (200) and the second feeder network structure (300) are connected to the previous feeder branch (210) through feeder (220).

4. The power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply branch (210) further includes: a second power branch line (212); the second end of the first power branch line (211) is connected to the first end of the second power branch line (212), and the second end of the second power branch line (212) serves as the second end of the power supply branch (210).

5. The power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that, The feeder (220) includes a straight segment and a bent segment, wherein the straight segment is connected to the bent segment; The first end of the straight segment is connected to the power supply branch (210) near the input terminal (100), the second end of the straight segment is connected to the first end of the bent segment, and the second end of the bent segment is connected to the power supply branch (210) away from the input terminal (100).

6. The power divider according to claim 5, characterized in that, The projected length of the feed line (220) in the first direction and the spacing length between the two feed branches (210) connected by the feed line (220) are the same; The projected length of the feed line (220) in the first direction is the sum of the length of the straight segment and the projected length of the bent segment in the first direction; the first direction is parallel to the direction of the straight segment.

7. The power divider according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of the feed line (220) is an integer multiple of the waveguide wavelength; The length of the feeder (220) is the sum of the length of the straight segment and the length of the bent segment.

8. The power divider according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sum of the projected lengths of the first transmission branch (120) and the second transmission branch (130) in the first direction, and the spacing length between the feed branches (210) connected to the first transmission branch (120) and the second transmission branch (130) are the same.

9. The power divider according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electrical length of both the first power branch line (211) and the second power branch line (212) is 1 / 4 of the signal wavelength, and the signal wavelength is the signal wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the power divider.

10. The power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first transmission branch (120) and the second transmission branch (130) are bent structures.

11. The power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electrical length of the main line (110) is 1 / 4 of the signal wavelength, and the electrical lengths of the first transmission branch (120) and the second transmission branch (130) are 3 / 4 of the signal wavelength. The signal wavelength is the signal wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the power divider.

12. An array antenna, characterized in that, Includes a power divider and an antenna unit as described in any one of claims 1-11, wherein the power divider is connected to the antenna unit via a microstrip line.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the array antenna as described in claim 12.

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