Sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system which comprises a sludge pretreatment unit, a pyrolysis furnace and a pressure container, the sludge pretreatment unit comprises a sludge dewatering mechanism and a sludge crushing and screening mechanism, and the two parts are communicated through a transmission mechanism; the water content of the sludge is adjusted through the sludge dewatering mechanism, and the sludge is crushed to the particle size of less than 20mm through the sludge crushing and screening mechanism, so that uniform heating is facilitated; the output end of the sludge crushing and screening mechanism is communicated with a pyrolyzing furnace through a transmission mechanism; the pyrolyzing furnace is provided with a gas product outlet, a liquid product outlet and a solid product outlet; the solid product outlet is communicated with the pressure container through a transmission mechanism, the pressure container is used for further carrying out high-pressure heating treatment on substances treated by the pyrolyzing furnace, and the outlet end of the pressure container is communicated with the anaerobic digester through the transmission mechanism. The utility model aims to further realize harmless, reduction and resourceful treatment of the sludge.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of sludge high temperature treatment, and specifically relates to a sludge high temperature pyrolysis treatment system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the environmental protection field, sludge treatment has been an important problem to be solved. The traditional sludge treatment methods mainly include landfill, incineration, composting, etc. Sludge landfill will occupy a large amount of land resources, and may cause soil and groundwater pollution, and has potential environmental risks; although sludge incineration can realize sludge reduction, if the moisture content of sludge is too high in the incineration process, a large amount of auxiliary fuel needs to be consumed, and harmful gases such as dioxin are also easy to produce, which causes serious pollution to the atmospheric environment; sludge composting treatment has problems such as long treatment period, easy generation of foul-smelling gas, unstable quality of composting products, etc.

[0003] Sludge can be subjected to high temperature treatment. The purposes of sludge high temperature treatment mainly include the following aspects:

[0004] Reduction: through high temperature treatment, the organic matter in the sludge will decompose and volatilize, and a large amount of water will also be evaporated, so that the volume and weight of the sludge are significantly reduced, which is beneficial to subsequent transportation and disposal. For example, after high temperature incineration, the volume of sludge can be reduced by 80%-90%, which greatly reduces the space required for sludge landfill or other disposal methods.

[0005] Harmless: high temperature can effectively kill pathogens, parasitic eggs and harmful microorganisms in the sludge, and realize the harmless treatment of the sludge. Generally speaking, under high temperature conditions for a certain period of time, the number of harmful microorganisms in the sludge can be significantly reduced to reach the harmless standard, so as to avoid harm to the environment and human health in the process of sludge disposal and utilization.

[0006] Stabilization: the organic matter in the sludge will be degraded and transformed under the action of high temperature, so that its properties are more stable and it is not easy to decompose and produce foul-smelling substances. For example, through high temperature aerobic fermentation, the easily decomposed organic matter in the sludge is decomposed and transformed into stable humus substances by microorganisms, which reduces the biological activity of the sludge and reduces the risk of secondary pollution.

[0007] Resource utilization: the sludge after high temperature treatment can realize a certain degree of resource utilization.

[0008] With the increasing strictness of environmental protection requirements and the emphasis on sludge resource utilization, the existing sludge treatment technology has been difficult to meet the demand. It is an urgent need for the development of an efficient, environmentally friendly and resource utilization treatment system for sludge. The sludge high temperature pyrolysis treatment system provided in the present application aims to further realize the harmless, reduction and resource utilization treatment of sludge. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0009] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system is provided, which aims to further realize the harmless, reduction and resource treatment of sludge.

[0010] The utility model discloses a sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, which is characterized by comprising a sludge pretreatment unit, a pyrolysis furnace and a pressure container.

[0011] According to the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, the sludge dewatering mechanism is a plate-and-frame filter press.

[0012] According to the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, the inner wall and the outer surface of the pyrolysis furnace are respectively provided with heating pipes.

[0013] According to the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, the pressure container has a water supplement port.

[0014] According to the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, in the pyrolysis furnace, the sludge is heated to 300-800 DEG C in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment, and the organic matter in the sludge is decomposed into gaseous products, liquid products and solid products.

[0015] The sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system has the advantages that the flocculating agent adding mechanism is arranged at the sludge crushing and screening mechanism, the flocculating agent can be added at the sludge crushing and screening mechanism to reduce moisture, and insufficient combustion caused by high moisture during incineration is avoided.

[0016] The sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system has the advantages that the gas product outlet is connected with the combustion chamber through a pipeline, the combustion chamber is connected with the pressure container through a pipeline, and heat energy is provided for the pressure container.

[0017] The sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system has the advantages that the liquid product outlet is connected with the bio-oil collecting tank through a pipeline.

[0018] The sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) efficient pretreatment and pyrolysis: the sludge dewatering mechanism and the crushing and screening mechanism of the sludge pretreatment unit of the system reduce the water content of the sludge to 30%-50% and crush the particle size to <20mm, greatly improving the uniformity of the sludge in the pyrolysis furnace, making the pyrolysis process more complete and efficient, and effectively reducing the time and energy consumption required for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis furnace decomposes the organic matter in the sludge into synthesis gas, bio-oil and biochar in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment at 300-800℃, realizes harmless and reduction treatment of the sludge, and the products have high added value and can be used in fuel, refining and soil improvement fields, improving the resource utilization rate. (2) optimized pressure container treatment: the pressure container is provided with a water supplementing opening, the water content is controlled at 75%-90%, and the sludge is heated at 150-200℃ and 1-2MPa for 30-60 minutes, so that the sludge is hydrolyzed and then flash decompressed, and the water content is reduced to about 70%, at this time, the sludge directly enters the anaerobic digestion tank, and the biogas production can be increased by 30%-50%; if the water content after dewatering is <50%, the sludge can be mixed with coal for burning, providing a diversified and efficient way for subsequent treatment of the sludge, and further tapping the potential value of the sludge.

[0020] (3) energy-saving and environment-friendly design: the heating pipes are arranged on the inner wall and the outer surface of the pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis temperature can be more accurately controlled, heat loss is reduced, and energy utilization efficiency is improved. The gas product generated by pyrolysis is connected with the combustion chamber through a pipeline to provide heat energy for the pressure container, realizing cyclic utilization of energy and reducing the energy consumption of the whole system. At the same time, the problem of harmful gas generated by traditional incineration due to high water content is avoided, the pollution to the atmospheric environment is reduced, and remarkable environmental benefits are achieved.

[0021] (4) Multifunctional collaborative processing: The various parts of the system work together to form a complete sludge treatment process, from sludge pretreatment to pyrolysis and then to pressure vessel treatment. The flocculant addition mechanism set at the sludge crushing and screening mechanism further ensures the sludge treatment effect; the liquid product outlet is connected to the bio-oil collection tank to ensure the effective collection and subsequent utilization of bio-oil, realizing the optimization of the entire sludge treatment process and ensuring the high efficiency and stability of sludge treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an implementation structural diagram of the pyrolysis system described in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1 This utility model will be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0024] Example 1: This utility model provides a high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system for sludge, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it can be implemented as follows: including a sludge pretreatment unit, a pyrolysis furnace 3, and a pressure vessel 4; the sludge pretreatment unit includes two parts: a sludge dewatering mechanism 1 and a sludge crushing and screening mechanism 2, which are connected by a transmission mechanism; the sludge moisture content is adjusted by the sludge dewatering mechanism 1 (usually needing to be reduced to 30%~50%), and the sludge is crushed to a particle size <20mm by the sludge crushing and screening mechanism 2 to facilitate uniform heating; the output end of the sludge crushing and screening mechanism 2 is connected to the pyrolysis furnace 3 through the transmission mechanism, the pyrolysis furnace 3 has a gas product outlet 3-1, a liquid product outlet 3-2, and a solid product outlet 3-3; the solid product outlet 3-3 is connected to the pressure vessel 4 through the transmission mechanism, and the pressure vessel 4 further heats the material treated by the pyrolysis furnace 3 under high pressure, and the outlet end of the pressure vessel 4 is connected to the anaerobic digester 5 through the transmission mechanism.

[0025] In the implementation of this application, in the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, the sludge dewatering mechanism 1 is a plate and frame filter press.

[0026] In the implementation of this application, in the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, heating tubes 6 are respectively provided on the inner wall and outer surface of the pyrolysis furnace 3.

[0027] In the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, the pressure container 4 has a water supplement port, and when sludge is sent into the pressure container 4 for treatment, water can be supplemented into the pressure container 4 through the water supplement port, so that the water content of the sludge is 75%-90%, and the sludge is heated at 150-200 DEG C and 1-2 MPa for 30-60 minutes, and after hydrolysis, the water content of the sludge is reduced to about 70% through flash pressure reduction, so that the sludge can directly enter an anaerobic digestion tank, and the biogas production is increased by 30%-50%. Or after dewatering, the sludge is mixed with coal for burning (when the water content is less than 50%).

[0028] In the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, in the pyrolysis furnace 3, the sludge is heated to 300-800 DEG C in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment (such as a pyrolysis furnace), and the organic matter in the sludge is decomposed into: gaseous products: H2, CO, CH4 and synthetic gas (which can be used as fuel); liquid products: bio-oil (containing phenols and lipids, which can be further refined); and solid products: biochar (rich in carbon and minerals, which can be used as an adsorbent or soil conditioner).

[0029] In the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, a flocculant adding mechanism is arranged at the sludge crushing and screening mechanism 2, so that the flocculant can be added at the sludge crushing and screening mechanism 2 to reduce the water content and avoid insufficient combustion due to high water content during incineration.

[0030] In the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, the gaseous product outlet 3-1 is connected to the combustion chamber 7 through a pipeline, and the combustion chamber 7 is connected to the pressure container 4 through a pipeline to provide heat energy to the pressure container 4.

[0031] In the sludge high-temperature pyrolysis treatment system, the liquid product outlet 3-2 is connected to a bio-oil collection tank through a pipeline.

[0032] The implementation of the system is described below.

[0033] Sludge pretreatment stage: the sludge first enters the sludge dewatering mechanism 1, which uses a plate and frame filter press to mechanically dewater the sludge and adjust the water content of the sludge to 30%-50%. The dewatered sludge is conveyed to the sludge crushing and screening mechanism 2 through a conveying mechanism. In the sludge crushing and screening mechanism 2, the sludge is crushed to a particle size of less than 20 mm, and in this process, the flocculant adding mechanism can add flocculant as needed to further reduce the water content of the sludge and ensure the sufficiency of the subsequent pyrolysis process. The crushed and screened sludge is again conveyed to the pyrolysis furnace 3 through a conveying mechanism.

[0034] Pyrolysis treatment stage: after the sludge enters the pyrolysis furnace 3, the pyrolysis furnace 3 controls the temperature at 300-800℃ in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment through the heating pipes 6 arranged on the inner wall and the outer surface. In this temperature range, the organic matter in the sludge decomposes to produce gaseous products (H2, CO, CH4, etc. synthesis gas), liquid products (bio-oil containing phenols and lipids) and solid products (biochar). The gaseous products are transported to the combustion chamber 7 through the gas product outlet 3-1; the liquid products are transported to the bio-oil collection tank through the liquid product outlet 3-2; and the solid products are transported to the pressure vessel 4 through the solid product outlet 3-3 by the transmission mechanism.

[0035] Pressure vessel treatment stage: after the solid products enter the pressure vessel 4, water is added to the pressure vessel 4 through the water inlet to make the water content of the sludge reach 75%-90%. Then, the sludge is heated at 150-200℃ and 1-2MPa for 30-60 minutes to make the sludge hydrolyze. The hydrolyzed sludge is flash decompressed to reduce the water content to about 70%, and then the sludge can be directly transported into the anaerobic digester 5 by the transmission mechanism to significantly increase the biogas production by 30%-50%; if the hydrolyzed sludge is dewatered to reduce the water content to less than 50%, it can be mixed with coal for burning.

[0036] Energy recycling stage: in the combustion chamber 7, the gaseous products produced by the pyrolysis furnace 3 are burned to release heat energy, which is transmitted to the pressure vessel 4 through the pipeline to provide the required heat for the sludge treatment process in the pressure vessel 4, realizing the internal energy recycling of the system and reducing the external energy consumption.

[0037] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application should not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should be consistent with the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A sludge pyrolysis treatment system at high temperature, characterized by; The application relates to a sludge pyrolysis device, which comprises a sludge pretreatment unit, a pyrolysis furnace and a pressure container; the sludge pretreatment unit comprises a sludge dewatering mechanism and a sludge crushing and screening mechanism, and the two parts are communicated through a transmission mechanism; the water content of sludge is adjusted through the sludge dewatering mechanism, and the sludge is crushed to a particle size of less than 20mm through the sludge crushing and screening mechanism; the output end of the sludge crushing and screening mechanism is communicated with the pyrolysis furnace through a transmission mechanism; the pyrolysis furnace has a gas product outlet, a liquid product outlet and a solid product outlet; the solid product outlet is communicated with the pressure container through a transmission mechanism; the material treated by the pyrolysis furnace is further subjected to high-pressure heating treatment in the pressure container; and the outlet end of the pressure container is communicated with an anaerobic digestion tank through a transmission mechanism.

2. The sludge pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: The sludge dewatering mechanism adopts a plate-frame filter press.

3. The sludge pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: The inner wall and the outer surface of the pyrolysis furnace are respectively provided with heating pipes.

4. The sludge pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: The pressure container is provided with a water supplementing opening; when sludge is fed into the pressure container for treatment, water can be supplemented into the pressure container through the water supplementing opening.

5. The sludge pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: A flocculating agent adding mechanism is arranged at the sludge crushing and screening mechanism; flocculating agent can be added at the sludge crushing and screening mechanism to reduce water content, so that insufficient combustion caused by high water content during incineration is avoided.

6. The sludge pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: The gas product outlet is connected with a combustion chamber through a pipeline; the combustion chamber is connected with the pressure container through a pipeline, and is used for providing heat energy to the pressure container.

7. The sludge pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: The liquid product outlet is connected with a bio-oil collecting tank through a pipeline.

Images