Positioner for mine detonation and detonation system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a locator for mine detonation and a detonation system. The locator comprises a shell, a single chip microcomputer arranged in the shell in a sealed mode, a clock chip capable of providing time information, an encryption chip, a wireless communication chip and a battery for supplying power to the locator. The single chip microcomputer is connected with the clock chip to obtain current time information; the encryption chip is connected with the single-chip microcomputer and can encrypt the identity code of the single-chip microcomputer and the current time information obtained by the single-chip microcomputer to obtain encrypted information, and the single-chip microcomputer can obtain the encrypted information; the wireless communication chip is connected with the single-chip microcomputer and can broadcast encrypted information obtained by the single-chip microcomputer. The positioner further comprises a dismounting detection device which detects the dismounting state of the positioner and is connected with the reset end of the single-chip microcomputer. The service platform determines the detonating position and the detonating time according to the encrypted information of the locator, so that the hidden danger that lawbreakers change the detonating site of the detonator at will is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Several embodiments of this specification relate to the field of civil explosives safety technology, specifically to a locator and detonation system for mine detonation. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their inherent dangers, electronic detonators must be controlled by official platforms within the civil explosives industry at every stage, from production and sales to use. Before detonation, the detonation time and location must be verified by the authorities; only after verification can detonation authorization be obtained.

[0003] To ensure the controllability of electronic detonators throughout the entire process through information-based and intelligent verification methods, existing official platforms in the civil explosives industry require the advance reporting of the blasting time, location, equipment controlling the electronic detonator's detonation, blaster, and the shell code and chip UID code of the electronic detonator used. Before detonation, the blaster needs to verify the location information uploaded by the equipment controlling the electronic detonator's detonation to obtain the detonation code, which is derived from the shell code and UID code.

[0004] Because the equipment controlling the detonation of electronic detonators needs to communicate with the official platform of the civil explosives industry, fourth-generation (4G) or fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technology is usually deployed in mines. However, since it is a public network, some criminals use the relocation function of plug-in software to arbitrarily tamper with the uploaded location information, fraudulently obtain detonation authorization, and make the use of electronic detonators unregulated, thus posing a safety hazard to society. Utility Model Content

[0005] This specification provides a locator and detonation system for mine detonation. By receiving encrypted information broadcast by the locator before detonation and forwarding it to a server platform for decryption and verification, a monitoring method is used to obtain the detonation password, thus preventing the risk of unscrupulous individuals arbitrarily changing the detonator's detonation location. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, the embodiments of this specification provide a locator for mine blasting, including a housing and a microcontroller enclosed within the housing, a clock chip that can provide time information, an encryption chip, a wireless communication chip, and a battery that powers the locator;

[0007] A microcontroller can obtain the current time information by connecting to a clock chip;

[0008] When the encryption chip is connected to the microcontroller, it can encrypt the microcontroller's identity code and the current time information obtained by the microcontroller to obtain encrypted information, which the microcontroller can then obtain.

[0009] A wireless communication chip connected to a microcontroller can broadcast encrypted information received by the microcontroller.

[0010] The positioner also includes a disassembly detection device that detects the positioner's disassembly status and is connected to the reset terminal of the microcontroller.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the battery is a rechargeable battery connected to the microcontroller, and the rechargeable battery is connected to a current modulation circuit and a voltage regulator that can adjust the charging current input to the rechargeable battery.

[0012] The voltage regulator is connected to the microcontroller, and the voltage regulator can adjust the output voltage from the rechargeable battery to the microcontroller.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a battery power detection circuit that connects the rechargeable battery and the microcontroller, the battery power detection circuit being used to detect the power level of the rechargeable battery.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the battery power detection circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor connected to the rechargeable battery, the other end of the first voltage divider resistor connected to a second voltage divider resistor and the non-inverting input terminal of an operational amplifier, the other end of the second voltage divider resistor grounded, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and the microcontroller.

[0015] The sum of the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor is greater than 1 megohm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the battery power detection circuit further includes a filter sub-circuit disposed between the rechargeable battery and the first voltage divider resistor.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, a unidirectional diode is provided between the rechargeable battery and the voltage regulator, allowing current flowing from the rechargeable battery to the voltage regulator to pass through the unidirectional diode.

[0018] The connection point between the battery power detection circuit and the rechargeable battery is located between the rechargeable battery and the unidirectional diode.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a power control circuit, which includes an NPN transistor, a P-channel MOSFET, a first-state resistor, a second-state resistor, and a third-state resistor.

[0020] The base of the NPN transistor is connected to the control terminal of the microcontroller via the first state resistor, the emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the gate of the P-channel field-effect transistor, and the second state resistor is connected to the emitter and base of the NPN transistor.

[0021] The drain of the P-channel MOSFET is connected to the power output terminal of the microcontroller, the source of the P-channel MOSFET is connected to the power input terminals of the encryption chip and the wireless communication chip respectively, and the third state resistor is connected to the drain and gate of the P-channel MOSFET.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, a reset circuit is also included, which includes a reset switch, a reset capacitor, and a reset resistor. One end of the reset capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the reset resistor and the reset terminal of the microcontroller. The other end of the reset resistor is connected to the output terminal of the battery. The reset switch is connected in parallel with the reset capacitor.

[0023] The reset switch is set to the open state, and the disassembly detection device can change the reset switch to the closed state after detecting disassembly.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the end face of the housing is provided with a through-hole;

[0025] The disassembly detection device includes a trigger button disposed in the communicating hole and a spring that provides a tendency force to make the trigger button protrude from the outside of the housing;

[0026] The trigger button is connected to the reset switch.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of this specification provide a detonation system, including a server, a detonator, and at least one locator for mine detonation as described in the first aspect. The detonator includes a receiving module for receiving encrypted information broadcast by the locator and a communication module for communicating with the server.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in some embodiments of this specification include at least the following:

[0029] 1. The microcontroller periodically obtains the current time information via a clock chip and controls an encryption chip to encrypt the microcontroller's identification code and the current time information. It then controls a wireless communication chip to broadcast the encrypted information. Before detonation, the blaster must receive the encrypted information from the locator within its broadcast range and upload it to the official platform. The official platform decrypts the information and uses the microcontroller's identification code to determine the location information bound to the locator by the regulatory department during installation. This information is then compared with the detonation location registered based on the casing code and chip UID code to prevent the uploading of false location information. The platform also compares the time information with the reported detonation time to ensure the timeliness of the encrypted information and prevent unauthorized individuals from obtaining the encrypted information, transferring the electronic detonator, and using it to obtain detonation authorization elsewhere.

[0030] 2. The disassembly detection device prevents the locator from being disassembled and moved by criminals. Once the disassembly detection device is triggered, the locator's microcontroller will be reset, the setting mode configured by the regulatory department will be invalidated, and the locator will no longer perform encryption or broadcasting. This achieves effective supervision and legal use of electronic detonators, eliminating the risk of arbitrarily changing the detonator's detonation location.

[0031] 3. After the locator is used up in the current mining site, it can be removed and reused to bind new location information in the next target mining site. Setting it to a rechargeable battery can avoid disassembling the locator housing and eliminate the risk of cheating.

[0032] 4. The power control circuit can control the power supply of the encryption chip and wireless communication chip via the microcontroller's control terminal. In idle state, the power supply to the encryption chip and wireless communication chip is cut off, greatly reducing the locator's power consumption, increasing the working time of a single full charge, and eliminating the inconvenience of charging the locator in mining areas. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 1 of this specification.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the current modulation circuit in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery power detection circuit in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power control circuit in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reset circuit in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the disassembly and detection device in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the detonation system provided in Embodiment 3 of this specification.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Positioner; 10. Housing; 101. Connecting hole; 11. Microcontroller; 12. Clock chip; 13. Encryption chip; 14. Wireless communication chip; 15. Battery; 16. Current modulation circuit; 17. Voltage regulator; 18. Battery power detection circuit; 19. Power control circuit; 2. Disassembly detection device; 20. Trigger button; 21. Spring; 22. Linkage rod; 3. Server; 4. Detonator; 41. Receiver module; 42. Communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0045] The following description provides examples and does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the described elements without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added to the examples. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined into other examples.

[0046] The detonator is wired to the electronic detonator. The detonation is controlled by inputting a detonation code, which is derived from the detonator's casing code and chip UID code. This code is managed by the official platform of the civil explosives industry. Before detonation, the detonator sends an authorization request with location information to the official platform. The platform verifies whether the location information matches the reported detonation location. Once verification is successful, the detonation code is issued. However, some criminals use public networks and plug-in software to upload false locations and fraudulently obtain detonation codes, rendering the use of electronic detonators unregulated and posing a safety hazard to society.

[0047] To address the aforementioned issues and eliminate the potential for criminals to tamper with detonator detonation location information, this application is hereby submitted.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A locator for mine blasting, reference Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a locator for mine blasting provided as an example of this specification.

[0050] The locator 1 includes a housing 10 and a microcontroller 11 enclosed within the housing 10, a clock chip 12 that provides time information, an encryption chip 13, a wireless communication chip 14, and a battery 15 that powers the locator 1.

[0051] The microcontroller 11 can be connected to the clock chip 12 to obtain the current time information;

[0052] The encryption chip 13 is connected to the microcontroller 11 and can encrypt the identity code of the microcontroller 11 and the current time information obtained by the microcontroller 11 to obtain encrypted information. The microcontroller 11 can obtain the encrypted information.

[0053] The wireless communication chip 14 is connected to the microcontroller 11 and can broadcast the encrypted information obtained by the microcontroller 11.

[0054] The locator 1 also includes a disassembly detection device 2 that detects the disassembly status of the locator 1 and is connected to the reset terminal of the microcontroller 11.

[0055] Explained, after the locator 1 is installed by the regulatory authorities in the planned blasting area, the microcontroller 11 is configured to operate according to a set mode, such as the frequency of acquiring time information, the frequency of controlling the encryption chip 13, the frequency of controlling the broadcast of the wireless communication chip 14, and the signal strength of the broadcast encrypted information, etc. The microcontroller 11 periodically acquires the current time information through the clock chip 12, controls the encryption chip 13 to encrypt the microcontroller 11's identity code and the current time information, and then controls the wireless communication chip 14 to broadcast the encrypted information obtained after encryption. The electronic detonator and the detonator 4 are wired connected. When applying for detonation authorization, the corresponding electronic detonator's casing code 10 and chip UID code are uploaded simultaneously. Before detonation, the blaster must first receive encrypted information from locator 1 within its broadcast range and upload it to the official platform. The official platform decrypts the information and uses the identification code of microcontroller 11 to determine the location information bound to locator 1 by the regulatory department during installation. This information is then verified against the registered detonation location of the electronic detonator to prevent the uploading of false location information. The platform also verifies the time information against the reported detonation time to ensure the timeliness of the encrypted information and prevent unauthorized individuals from obtaining the encrypted information and transferring the electronic detonator elsewhere to obtain detonation authorization. The disassembly detection device 2 prevents the locator 1 from being disassembled and moved by unauthorized individuals. Once the disassembly detection device 2 is triggered, the microcontroller 11 of locator 1 is reset, the setting mode configured by the regulatory department for microcontroller 11 becomes invalid, and locator 1 ceases encryption and broadcasting. This ensures effective supervision and legal use of the electronic detonator, eliminating the risk of arbitrarily changing the detonator's detonation location.

[0056] It is understandable that the identification code of the microcontroller 11 is a globally unique code, consisting of 96 bits, and does not require separate encoding injection. The disassembly detection device 2 is used to identify position changes of the locator 1 and trigger the microcontroller 11 to reset after detecting a position change of the locator 1. The disassembly detection device 2 can be implemented by various means, such as using an accelerometer sensor with a signal processor, an ultrasonic sensor, a flexible mechanical reset button, etc.

[0057] Specifically, taking an ultrasonic sensor as an example, the locator 1 is set up in a fixed position in the mine by the regulatory department, and the ultrasonic sensor is set on the mounting surface of the housing 10 of the locator 1. If the locator 1 is removed, the ultrasonic sensor can detect that the distance from the wall has changed. At this time, the ultrasonic sensor can send the signal to the signal processor, which converts it into a high-low level signal and sends it to the reset terminal of the microcontroller 11. The setting mode configured by the regulatory department for the microcontroller 11 becomes invalid, and the locator 1 no longer performs encryption and broadcasting.

[0058] For illustrative purposes, the microcontroller 11, clock chip 12, encryption chip 13, and wireless communication chip 14 are all common electronic products in the prior art. The actions they perform are their own functional actions and do not involve any improvement to the computer program. The microcontroller 11 has multiple preset working modes, and the regulatory department can select the corresponding setting mode when setting it.

[0059] For example, in this embodiment, the microcontroller 11 is a Stm32L031, the clock chip 12 is a DS1302 and communicates with the microcontroller 11 via I2C, the encryption chip 13 is a DX83E08 and communicates with the microcontroller 11 via I2C, and the wireless communication chip 14 is a LoRa chip of model SX1286 and communicates with the microcontroller 11 via UART serial port.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] A locator for mine blasting, reference Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification. The difference between this locator and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0062] Battery 15 is a rechargeable battery 15 connected to microcontroller 11. The rechargeable battery 15 is connected to a current modulation circuit 16 and a voltage regulator 17 that can adjust the charging current input to the rechargeable battery 15.

[0063] The voltage regulator 17 is connected to the microcontroller 11, and the voltage regulator 17 can adjust the output voltage from the rechargeable battery 15 to the microcontroller 11.

[0064] It also includes a battery power detection circuit 18 that connects the rechargeable battery 15 and the microcontroller 11. The battery power detection circuit 18 is used to detect the power of the rechargeable battery 15.

[0065] Explanatoryly, due to the sealed design of the housing 10, it is inconvenient to replace the battery 15. Therefore, a rechargeable battery 15 is used to avoid disassembling the housing 10 of the locator 1, thus eliminating the risk of cheating. Moreover, after the locator 1 has been used in the current mine, it can be removed and reused to bind new location information in the next target mine. In mines where charging is inconvenient, ensuring that the working time of a single full charge of the locator 1 is longer than the usage time of the locator 1 in the current mine can eliminate concerns about insufficient power of the locator 1 affecting blasting operations.

[0066] Illustratively, battery 15 is powered by a rechargeable lithium battery 15 with a voltage of 3.7V and a full charge voltage of 4.2V. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the current modulation circuit 16 uses a TP4056 charging chip; for details, please refer to the attached diagram. Figure 3The TP4056 charging chip features a configuration resistor Rprog, which allows the charging current to be controlled at the 1C current of the rechargeable lithium battery 15. 1C current refers to the current value required for the battery 15 to complete one full charge and discharge cycle within one hour. Here, "C" represents the nominal capacity of the battery 15 (usually measured in ampere-hours, Ah). If the nominal capacity of the battery 15 is 50 Ah, then the 1C current is 50 A. This allows for maximizing battery life, improving battery performance, and enhancing charging safety while ensuring charging speed. This is highly beneficial for improving the overall performance of the battery 15 and the user experience.

[0067] For example, in this embodiment, the voltage regulator 17 is an LDO chip of model SPX3919, which can step down the 3.7V voltage to 3.3V for use by the microcontroller 11. In addition, the SPX3918 has low quiescent current, which meets the low power consumption design requirements of the positioner 1.

[0068] The design reasons for the battery power detection circuit 18 are as follows: First, the maximum value of the ADC sampling is 3.3V, which exceeds the voltage of the rechargeable lithium battery 15. Second, because the locator 1 requires low power consumption, using a large resistor voltage divider method, especially with a relatively small input resistance for the microcontroller 11, would cause deviations in the voltage division results. Therefore, the battery power detection circuit 18 is introduced. It allows the locator 1 to display the battery power of 15, and can also broadcast the battery power information along with encrypted information for the detonator 4 and the service platform to view the battery power information of the locator 1.

[0069] In one embodiment of this specification, reference is made to the appendix. Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery power detection circuit 18 in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0070] The battery power detection circuit 18 includes a first voltage divider resistor connected to the rechargeable battery 15, the other end of the first voltage divider resistor connected to a second voltage divider resistor and the non-inverting input of an operational amplifier, the other end of the second voltage divider resistor grounded, and the output of the operational amplifier connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier and the microcontroller 11.

[0071] The sum of the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor is greater than 1 megohm.

[0072] Explanatory Figure 4 R3 is the first voltage divider resistor, R4 is the second voltage divider resistor, and U2.1 is an operational amplifier with model number LM358P-CN.

[0073] Explanatoryly, the first and second voltage divider resistors reduce the battery voltage from a maximum of 4.2V to about 3.0V. At the same time, the total resistance of the first and second voltage divider resistors is greater than 1M ohms, resulting in a current consumption of μA.

[0074] The operational amplifier here is configured as a voltage follower circuit. The virtual short and virtual open characteristics of the op-amp, as well as its low output resistance, not only allow the input voltage and output voltage to be consistent, but also make the output resistance infinitely small, so that the large input resistance inside the microcontroller 11 will not affect the sampling.

[0075] In one embodiment of this specification, the battery power detection circuit 18 further includes a filter sub-circuit disposed between the rechargeable battery 15 and the first voltage divider resistor.

[0076] Explanatory, reference Figure 4 The filter circuit includes capacitors C3 and C4, which play a stabilizing role in the instantaneous output fluctuations of battery 15, ensuring that the collected data will not fluctuate due to the current high-current discharge.

[0077] In one embodiment of this specification, a unidirectional diode is provided between the rechargeable battery 15 and the voltage regulator 17, allowing current flowing from the rechargeable battery 15 to the voltage regulator 17 to pass through it.

[0078] The connection point between the battery power detection circuit 18 and the rechargeable battery 15 is located between the rechargeable battery 15 and the unidirectional diode.

[0079] Explanatory Figure 4 D5 in the circuit is a unidirectional diode, which ensures that current can only flow from the preceding stage to the following stage, and not from the following stage to the preceding stage. The purpose is to ensure that circuit parameters such as inductive reactance in the following stage will not cause current to surge from the following stage to the preceding stage due to instantaneous current fluctuations, thus preventing instability in the charge detection.

[0080] In several embodiments of this specification, the positioner 1 further includes a power control circuit 19, see attached figure. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power control circuit 19 in a mine blasting locator provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0081] The power control circuit 19 includes an NPN transistor, a P-channel MOSFET, a first-state resistor, a second-state resistor, and a third-state resistor.

[0082] The base (B) of the NPN transistor is connected to the control terminal of the microcontroller 11 through the first state resistor. The emitter (E) of the NPN transistor is grounded. The collector (C) of the NPN transistor is connected to the gate (G) of the P-channel field-effect transistor. The second state resistor connects the emitter (E) and base (B) of the NPN transistor.

[0083] The drain (D) of the P-channel MOSFET is connected to the power output terminal of the microcontroller 11, the source (S) of the P-channel MOSFET is connected to the corresponding power input terminals of the encryption chip 13 and the wireless communication chip 14 respectively, and the third-state resistor is connected to the drain (D) and the gate (G) of the P-channel MOSFET.

[0084] Explanatory, Figure 5 In [description], Q1 is an NPN bipolar junction transistor, Q2 is a P-channel MOSFET, R5 is the first-state resistor, R6 is the second-state resistor, and R7 is the third-state resistor. The conduction condition of the NPN bipolar junction transistor: When a positive voltage is applied to the base (B) and the base-emitter (B-E) junction is forward-biased, the transistor conducts and current flows from the collector (C) to the emitter (E). The conduction condition of the P-channel MOSFET: When the gate (G) voltage is lower than the source (S) voltage (i.e., Vgs < Vth, where Vth is the threshold voltage), a channel is formed and current flows from the drain (D) to the source (S).

[0085] Explanatory, when the control signal COM_PIN is at a low level, Q1 is not turned on and Q2 is not turned on either, and there is no power supply at the OUT terminal; when the control signal COM_PIN is at a high level, Q1 is turned on, and there is a voltage difference between the G terminal of Q2 being at a low level and the S terminal of Q2, resulting in Q2 being turned on as well, so that electricity flows from the D terminal of Q2 to the S terminal, and there is a power supply at the OUT terminal. The resistance value of the first-state resistor determines the magnitude of the current flowing into the base of the NPN bipolar junction transistor, and by connecting a relatively large second-state resistor between the base and the emitter of the NPN bipolar junction transistor, the base current is made close to zero and is initially in a cut-off state; similarly, by connecting a relatively large third-state resistor between the drain and the gate of the P-channel MOSFET, the gate current is made close to zero and is initially in a cut-off state. Thus, the rising speed of the base voltage of the NPN bipolar junction transistor and the gate voltage of the P-channel MOSFET is controlled.

[0086] It can be understood that the power control circuit 19 can implement the power supply control of the microcontroller 11 over the encryption chip 13 and the wireless communication chip 14 according to the control terminal of the microcontroller 11. In the idle state, the power supply to the encryption chip 13 and the wireless communication chip 14 is cut off, greatly reducing the power consumption of the locator 1, increasing the working duration of the locator 1 when it is fully charged once, and eliminating to a certain extent the trouble of inconvenient charging of the locator 1 in the mine.

[0087] In an embodiment of this specification, referring to the appendix Figure 5 , a filter sub-circuit is also provided between the OUT terminal and the source terminal (S) of the P-channel MOSFET, including capacitor C5 and capacitor C6, which plays a stabilizing role in the instantaneous output fluctuation of the battery 15, so that the collected data will not fluctuate due to the current large-current discharge.

[0088] It is easy to understand that the disassembly detection device 2 controls the NRST pin of the microcontroller 11 through external circuitry (such as a button or a dedicated reset chip). When this pin is pulled low (i.e., a low-level input), it triggers a reset operation of the microcontroller 11, causing it to reset all internal registers and start running from its initial state. This function is crucial for system stability and fault recovery, enabling manual or automatic reset. High-level state: The NRST pin is normally high, indicating that the microcontroller 11 is in normal operating mode; Low-level state: When the NRST pin is pulled low, the microcontroller 11 enters a reset state until the pin returns to a high level; System initialization: When the system is powered on, the NRST pin ensures that the microcontroller 11 starts running from a known state.

[0089] In several embodiments of this specification, a reset circuit is also included, as shown in the attached drawing. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reset circuit in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0090] The reset circuit includes a reset switch, a reset capacitor, and a reset resistor. One end of the reset capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the reset resistor and the reset terminal of the microcontroller 11. The other end of the reset resistor is connected to the output terminal of the battery 15. The reset switch is connected in parallel with the reset capacitor.

[0091] The reset switch is set to the open state, and the disassembly detection device 2 can change the reset switch to the closed state after detecting disassembly.

[0092] Explanatory Figure 6 In this diagram, K1 is the reset switch, C7 is the reset capacitor, and R8 is the reset resistor.

[0093] Explained, with the reset switch set to the open state, upon power-on, because the reset capacitor does not change, the reset pin of microcontroller 11 is at a low level, resulting in a power-on reset. Once the reset capacitor is fully charged, the reset pin of microcontroller 11 goes high, and microcontroller 11 can then function normally. When the disassembly detection device 2 detects a disassembly, the reset switch becomes closed, pulling the reset pin of microcontroller 11 low, and microcontroller 11 performs a reset. This achieves the anti-disassembly effect of the positioner 1.

[0094] In one embodiment of this specification, reference is made to the appendix. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the disassembly and detection device 2 in a locator for mine blasting provided in Embodiment 2 of this specification.

[0095] The end face of the housing 10 is provided with a through-hole 101;

[0096] The disassembly detection device 2 includes a trigger button 20 disposed in the communication hole 101 and a spring 21 that provides a tendency force to make the trigger button 20 protrude from the outside of the housing 10;

[0097] Trigger button 20 is connected to reset switch.

[0098] For example, the trigger button 20 can be extended to the reset switch via the connecting rod 22, thereby causing the reset switch to open and close when the reset button moves within the connecting hole 101. When setting up the disassembly detection device 2, the connecting hole 101 can be opened on one side of the housing 10, and the reset button and spring 21 can be inserted into the connecting hole 101. Then, a cover plate can be added at the position of the connecting hole 101 on the inside of the housing 10 to hold the spring 21 against it, so that the spring 21 uses its own elastic force to make the reset button protrude from the outside of the housing 10.

[0099] Explaining the installation process, when installing the positioner 1, the side of the housing 10 with the connecting hole 101 is used as the mounting surface. The reset button is pressed into the connecting hole 101 by a structure such as a wall, which drives the connecting rod 22 to put the reset switch in the open state. When the positioner 1 is removed, the reset button is pushed out of the housing 10 again by the elastic force of the spring 21, which drives the connecting rod 22 to put the reset switch in the closed state. The reset terminal of the microcontroller 11 is pulled low to a low level, and the microcontroller 11 performs the reset.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] An initiation system, see attached document. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an initiation system provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0102] The detonation system includes a server 3, a detonator 4, and at least one locator 1 as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. The detonator 4 includes a receiving module 41 that receives encrypted information broadcast by the locator 1 and a communication module 42 that communicates with the server 3.

[0103] Explanatoryly, after the regulatory department installs and configures the locator 1 in the mine roadway, it receives the encrypted data broadcast by the locator 1 and binds the identity code of the microcontroller 11 in the encrypted data with the actual installation location, storing it in the server 3. Before detonation, the detonator 4 interacts with the server 3. If the detonation location of the detonator 4 and the timeliness of the encrypted information both meet the requirements of the blasting plan, the server 3 issues the detonation password; otherwise, detonation cannot occur.

[0104] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments described in this specification and are not intended to limit the scope of this specification. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of this specification without departing from the spirit of this specification should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of this specification.

Claims

1. A locator for mine blasting, characterized in that, It includes a housing (10) and a microcontroller (11) enclosed within the housing (10), a clock chip (12) that can provide time information, an encryption chip (13), a wireless communication chip (14), and a battery (15) that powers the locator (1). The microcontroller (11) can obtain the current time information by connecting to the clock chip (12); The encryption chip (13) is connected to the microcontroller (11) and can encrypt the identity code of the microcontroller (11) and the current time information obtained by the microcontroller (11) to obtain encrypted information. The microcontroller (11) can obtain the encrypted information. The wireless communication chip (14) is connected to the microcontroller (11) and can broadcast the encrypted information obtained by the microcontroller (11); The locator also includes a disassembly detection device (2) that detects the disassembly status of the locator and is connected to the reset terminal of the microcontroller (11).

2. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery (15) is a rechargeable battery (15) connected to the microcontroller (11). The rechargeable battery (15) is connected to a current modulation circuit (16) and a voltage regulator (17) that can adjust the charging current input to the rechargeable battery (15). The voltage regulator (17) is connected to the microcontroller (11), and the voltage regulator (17) can adjust the output voltage of the rechargeable battery (15) to the microcontroller (11).

3. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a battery power detection circuit (18) that connects the rechargeable battery (15) and the microcontroller (11), the battery power detection circuit (18) being used to detect the power of the rechargeable battery (15).

4. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery power detection circuit (18) includes a first voltage divider resistor connected to the rechargeable battery (15), the other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to a second voltage divider resistor and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the other end of the second voltage divider resistor is grounded, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and the microcontroller (11). The sum of the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor is greater than 1 megohm.

5. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery power detection circuit (18) further includes a filter sub-circuit disposed between the rechargeable battery (15) and the first voltage divider resistor.

6. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A unidirectional diode is provided between the rechargeable battery (15) and the voltage regulator (17) to allow current flowing from the rechargeable battery (15) to the voltage regulator (17) to pass through it; The connection point between the battery power detection circuit (18) and the rechargeable battery (15) is located between the rechargeable battery (15) and the unidirectional diode.

7. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power control circuit (19), which includes an NPN transistor, a P-channel MOSFET, a first-state resistor, a second-state resistor, and a third-state resistor. The base of the NPN transistor is connected to the control terminal of the microcontroller (11) through the first state resistor. The emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded. The collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the gate of the P-channel field-effect transistor. The second state resistor is connected to the emitter and base of the NPN transistor. The drain of the P-channel MOSFET is connected to the power output terminal of the microcontroller (11), the source of the P-channel MOSFET is connected to the power input terminals of the encryption chip (13) and the wireless communication chip (14), and the third state resistor is connected to the drain and gate of the P-channel MOSFET.

8. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a reset circuit, which includes a reset switch, a reset capacitor and a reset resistor. One end of the reset capacitor is grounded and the other end is connected to the reset resistor and the reset terminal of the microcontroller (11). The other end of the reset resistor is connected to the output terminal of the battery (15). The reset switch is connected in parallel with the reset capacitor. The reset switch is set to the open state, and the disassembly detection device (2) can change the reset switch to the closed state after detecting the disassembly behavior.

9. A locator for mine blasting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end face of the housing (10) is provided with a through-hole (101). The disassembly detection device (2) includes a trigger button (20) disposed in the communicating hole (101) and a spring (21) that provides a tendency force to make the trigger button (20) protrude from the outside of the housing (10). The trigger button (20) is connected to the reset switch.

10. An initiation system, characterized in that, It includes a server (3), a detonator (4), and at least one locator (1) as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the detonator (4) includes a receiving module (41) for receiving encrypted information broadcast by the locator (1) and a communication module (42) for communicating with the server (3).

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