Device capable of editing neutral atom array based on metasurface
Through innovative design of metasurfaces and optical devices, the problem of high optical system complexity in neutral atom array systems has been solved, enabling precise control of beams and stable arrangement of atom arrays, forming a highly stable and integrated programmable neutral atom array.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the optical system of the neutral atom array system is highly complex, resulting in crowded and unstable optical devices, making it difficult to achieve precise control of multiple beams and accurate arrangement of atoms after integration.
A programmable neutral atom array device based on metasurfaces is employed. By combining a superlens and an anti-Helmholtz coil with an Ω-ring microwave signal generator, the beam direction is precisely manipulated and the atomic energy levels are stably controlled through optical path design and acousto-optic deflectors, forming stable magneto-optical traps and optical traps, thus achieving precise capture and rearrangement of the atomic array.
It achieves stability and precision in optical systems, enabling precise capture of individual atoms and replacement of defective atomic arrays to form defect-free, highly stable, and highly integrated atomic arrays.
Smart Images
Figure CN224036095U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the cross technical field of quantum and super surface, and specifically relates to a device of editable neutral atom array based on super surface. BACKGROUND
[0002] As a typical editable quantum system, neutral atom array has been rapidly developed in the past few years with the continuous upgrading of optical tweezers technology. This system allows precise adjustment of any parameter in the executed interaction Hamiltonian. Therefore, it is also possible to prepare quantum states with certain application scenarios in the corresponding artificial system. Among them, in the field of quantum precision measurement, through initial state preparation and inter-particle interaction control, large-scale atomic spin entangled states can be prepared to achieve high-precision physical quantity measurement and sensing beyond the classical limit, such as quantum-enhanced atomic optical clocks, interferometers and magnetometers, which can be potentially applied to national major projects such as navigation and positioning, aerospace, timekeeping and resource exploration. In the long run, editable quantum systems that simultaneously possess single-particle quantum states and inter-particle interaction control will be directly applied to large-scale quantum computing.
[0003] In this system, pre-cooled neutral atoms are trapped in a regular array of optical tweezers light spots in a magnetic optical trap (magnetic optical trap), and are arranged arbitrarily in space. Further, Ising spin models and two-bit entanglement gates are realized through Rydberg blockade effect, thereby constituting an expandable and universal editable quantum many-body system without dilution refrigeration. As a new type of material, super surface can achieve nm-level precision in light field control. In 2020, Cindy A. Regal's group realized atomic trapping in a magnetic optical trap system using a super surface. In 2022, Cindy's group also realized single-atom trapping and atomic array generation using a super surface. In 2020, Li Guixin's research group used a super surface and five highly reflective mirrors to trap a group of neutral atoms. The optical path has changed from multiple paths to one path, which to some extent solves the problem of the large optical system of the magnetic optical trap, but the anti-Helmholtz coil and multiple mirrors occupy a lot of space.
[0004] With the improvement of the accuracy of single-atom control in the neutral atom array system, the complexity of the optical tweezers optical system also increases accordingly. In addition to the magnetic optical trap optical system used for pre-cooling, the optical system outside the vacuum chamber where the atoms are located will become crowded and complex. In addition, the relative jitter between SLM and AOD, these optical tweezers generating devices, and static optical devices such as high numerical aperture objectives and the vacuum chamber will cause instability of the system. In order to solve the above difficulties, researchers have begun to try to use advanced integrated optical devices to replace traditional optical systems in the past two years.
[0005] In 2022, Zou Changling's research group combined the independently designed magnetic field chip with the grating chip, realizing a cold atom magneto-optical trap system based on double chips. To some extent, this system solves some constraints of the traditional magneto-optical trap system in further scalable applications, such as the challenge of multiple free-space beams that cannot be aligned, the huge anti-Helmholtz coil, and the challenge that the centers of the magnetic field and the optical field cannot be strictly overlapped. Content of the utility model
[0006] The utility model provides a kind of device of editable neutral atom array based on metasurface for the above-mentioned multiple free-space beams cannot be accurately controlled and cannot be accurately arranged after integration with atom.
[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0008] The utility model provides an editable neutral atom array device based on metasurface, including fixing device, the left and right sides of fixing device are provided with mounting hole respectively, the mounting hole of left side is installed with dual wavelength formula super lens, the mounting hole of right side is installed with super lens, the upper and lower ends of fixing device are fixedly installed with glass substrate respectively, glass substrate is provided with fixed groove, fixed groove has four, presents annular uniform arrangement, the ultrathin surface is placed in fixed groove, the light path of ultrathin surface of upper end glass substrate is focused as a point downward 45 angle, the light path of ultrathin surface of lower end glass substrate is focused as a point upward 45 angle, the light path focus point of upper end ultrathin surface and the light path focus point of lower end ultrathin surface overlap, form optical trap, the ultrathin surface is used for grabbing single neutral atom, the ultrathin surface on two glass substrates correspond one by one, the upper surface of glass substrate is fixedly installed with mosquito coil type coil, mosquito coil type coil is arranged outside four ultrathin surfaces, two mosquito coil type coils are combined as a pair of anti-helmholtz coil, form magnetic trap, utilize magnetic trap to imprison atomic group;The upper end of fixing device is provided with one laser, the light beam of one laser enters one polarization beam splitter after one half wave plate, the transmission and reflection of one polarization beam splitter form transmission light beam and reflection light beam, reflection light beam forms a 780nm light beam, transmission light beam enters two polarization beam splitter after two half wave plates, the reflection of two polarization beam splitter forms another 780nm light beam, two 780nm light beams are irradiated to the glass substrate of upper and lower ends respectively through three reflecting mirrors;The left and right sides of fixing device are provided with two lasers respectively, the left side two laser enters four polarization beam splitter after four half wave plates, the transmission of four polarization beam splitter forms a 1560nm left light beam, two reflecting mirrors are sequentially arranged behind four polarization beam splitter, 1560nm left light beam enters and passes through dual wavelength super lens through the reflection of two reflecting mirrors, finally reaches optical trap, generates random loading's defective atomic array, the right side two laser enters three polarization beam splitter after three half wave plates, the transmission of three polarization beam splitter forms a 1560nm right light beam, three reflecting mirrors are sequentially arranged behind three polarization beam splitter, 1560nm right light beam enters acoustooptic deflector after the reflection of three reflecting mirrors sequentially, reaches optical trap finally through the refraction of acoustooptic deflector and the penetration of super lens, the deflection angle of laser is changed constantly by constantly changing the radio frequency frequency of acoustooptic deflector, in turn, the neutral atom array is rearranged, the defective atomic array generated by 1560nm left light beam is supplemented, the side of fixing device with dual wavelength formula super lens is installed with electron gain camera, the 780nm fluorescence of atomic array that dual wavelength super lens collects is irradiated to electron gain camera, in turn, the atomic array is imaged.
[0009] Further, the upper surface of one of the glass substrates is fixedly mounted with an omega loop microwave signal generator, the omega loop microwave signal generator is fixedly mounted between the mosquito coil type coil and the metasurface, the omega loop microwave signal generator emits microwave signals, and the omega loop microwave signal generator controls atomic energy levels by generating high-frequency microwave signals.
[0010] Further, the double-wavelength superlens and the superlens are respectively placed at positions 3mm left and right of the coincidence center of the optical trap and the magnetic trap, the double-wavelength superlens can make the 1560nm left light beam transmit and make the 780nm fluorescent light normally pass in the reverse direction, and the numerical aperture of the superlens is 0.25.
[0011] Further, the front and rear end faces of the fixing device are provided with two light transmission holes, and the light transmission holes make the fixing device obtain more light sources.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0013] 1. The utility model discloses a design that the metasurface is placed on the fixing device, can accurately control the direction of the light beam and the regulation and control of the light field radiation, ensures the stability of the whole optical tweezers light path, can accurately capture a single atom in the optical trap, changes the radio frequency of the acousto-optic deflector to make the deflection angle of the laser change constantly, supplements the defective atomic array generated by the 1560nm left light beam, and thus realizes the acquisition of the defect-free atomic array.
[0014] 2. The utility model discloses an omega loop microwave signal generator, which is matched with the anti-Helmholtz coil, first traps the atomic group into the magnetic trap, and then controls the energy level of the single atom, can control the existing state of the atom with higher precision and stability, and makes the atom have better stability and high integration during integration and arrangement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the fixing device of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the optical path generation of the utility model;
[0019] In the diagram, 1 is the fixing device, 2 is the mounting hole, 3 is the dual-wavelength superlens, 4 is the superlens, 5 is the glass substrate, 6 is the fixing groove, 7 is the metasurface, 8 is the mosquito coil, 9 is the Ω-ring microwave signal generator, 10 is the first laser, 11 is the first half-wave plate, 12 is the first polarizing beam splitter, 13 is the second half-wave plate, 14 is the second polarizing beam splitter, 15 is the first reflector, 16 is the second laser, 17 is the third half-wave plate, 18 is the third polarizing beam splitter, 19 is the second reflector, 20 is the fourth half-wave plate, 21 is the fourth polarizing beam splitter, 22 is the third reflector, 23 is the acousto-optic deflector, 24 is the electronic gain camera, 25 is the light-transmitting aperture, 26 is the 780nm beam, 27 is the 1560nm left beam, and 28 is the 1560nm right beam. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To further illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the following embodiments will be used to further explain this utility model.
[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for an editable neutral atom array based on a metasurface includes a fixing device 1. Mounting holes 2 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the fixing device 1. A dual-wavelength superlens 3 is mounted in the left mounting hole 2, and a superlens 4 is mounted in the right mounting hole 2. Glass substrates 5 are fixedly mounted at the upper and lower ends of the fixing device 1. Four fixing grooves 6 are provided on the glass substrates 5, arranged uniformly in a ring. A metasurface 7 is placed within each fixing groove 6. The light path of the metasurface 7 on the upper glass substrate 5 is focused downwards at a 45° angle to a single point, and the light path of the metasurface 7 on the lower glass substrate 5 is focused upwards at a 45° angle to a single point. The focal point of the light path of the upper metasurface 7 and the light path of the lower metasurface 7 are... The focal points overlap to form an optical trap. The metasurface 7 is used to capture a single neutral atom. The metasurfaces 7 on the two glass substrates 5 correspond one-to-one. A mosquito coil 8 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the glass substrate 5. The mosquito coil 8 is located on the outside of the four metasurfaces 7. The two mosquito coil 8 are combined to form a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils to form a magnetic trap, which is used to trap atomic clusters. An Ω-ring microwave signal generator 9 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of one of the glass substrates 5. The Ω-ring microwave signal generator 9 is fixedly installed between the mosquito coil 8 and the metasurface 7. The Ω-ring microwave signal generator 9 emits microwave signals. The Ω-ring microwave signal generator 9 controls the atomic energy level by generating high-frequency microwave signals.
[0022] like Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, the upper end of the fixing device 1 is provided with a first laser 10, the light beam of the first laser 10 enters a first polarizing beam splitter prism 11 after passing through a first half-wave plate 12, and the transmission and reflection of the first polarizing beam splitter prism 12 form a transmission light beam and a reflection light beam, the reflection light beam forms a 780nm light beam, the transmission light beam enters a second polarizing beam splitter prism 14 after passing through a second half-wave plate 13, and the reflection of the second polarizing beam splitter prism 14 forms another 780nm light beam 26, the two 780nm light beams 26 are respectively irradiated onto the upper and lower glass substrates 5 through a first mirror 15; the left and right sides of the fixing device 1 are respectively provided with a second laser 16, the left second laser 16 enters a third polarizing beam splitter prism 18 after passing through a third half-wave plate 17, and the transmission of the third polarizing beam splitter prism 18 forms a 1560nm left light beam 27, two second mirrors 19 are sequentially arranged behind the third polarizing beam splitter prism 18, the 1560nm left light beam 27 enters and passes through a dual-wavelength super lens 4 through the reflection of the second mirror 19, and finally reaches a light trap, generating a randomly loaded defective atomic array, the right second laser 16 enters a fourth polarizing beam splitter prism 21 after passing through a fourth half-wave plate 20, and the transmission of the fourth polarizing beam splitter prism 21 forms a 1560nm right light beam 28, three third mirrors 22 are sequentially arranged behind the fourth polarizing beam splitter prism 21, the 1560nm right light beam 28 enters an acousto-optic deflector 23 after being reflected by the three third mirrors 22 in sequence, and enters and passes through the super lens 4 through the refraction of the acousto-optic deflector 23, and finally reaches the light trap, the deflection angle of the laser is changed by constantly changing the radio frequency of the acousto-optic deflector 23, thereby rearranging the neutral atomic array and supplementing the defective atomic array generated by the 1560nm left light beam 27, and the fixing device 1 is provided with an electron gain camera 24 on one side of the dual-wavelength super lens 3, the 780nm fluorescence emitted by the atomic array collected by the dual-wavelength super lens 4 is irradiated onto the electron gain camera 24, and the atomic array is imaged.
[0023] The dual-wavelength super lens 3 and the super lens 4 are respectively placed at positions 3mm left and right of the center of the light trap and the magnetic trap, the dual-wavelength super lens 3 can make the 1560nm left light beam 27 transmit and make the counter-propagating 780nm fluorescence normally pass through, and the numerical aperture of the super lens 4 is 0.25.
[0024] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 The front and rear end faces of the fixing device 1 are provided with two light transmission holes 25, and the light transmission holes 25 make the fixing device 1 get more light sources.
[0025] Workflow: The device is placed inside the vacuum chamber to work, the 780nm light beam 26 enters the upper and lower two ends of the metasurface 7, the light path of the metasurface 7 converges to a point, the 780nm light beam 26 is used for obtaining atomic groups, the metasurface 7 is used for grabbing single atoms, a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils can trap atomic groups, the 1560nm left light beam 27 passes through the double-wavelength super lens 3 to generate a randomly loaded defective atomic array in the optical trap, the 780nm fluorescence emitted by the defective atomic array can also be irradiated on the electron gain camera 24, but it is not complete, the 1560nm right light beam 28 passes through the acousto-optic deflector to refract through the super lens 4, by constantly changing the radio frequency of the acousto-optic deflector 23, the deflection angle of the laser is constantly changed, and then the neutral atomic array is rearranged, the defective atomic array generated by the 1560nm left light beam 27 is supplemented, and the supplemented complete atomic array is imaged on the atomic gain camera, so as to realize the obtaining of the defect-free atomic array.
[0026] The main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application.
[0027] In addition, it should be understood that although the present application is described in the form of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.
Claims
1. A device based on a metasurface-programmable neutral atom array, characterized in that: The device includes a fixing device (1), with mounting holes (2) on its left and right sides respectively. A dual-wavelength superlens (3) is installed in the mounting hole (2) on the left side, and a superlens (4) is installed in the mounting hole (2) on the right side. Glass substrates (5) are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the fixing device (1). Fixing grooves (6) are provided on the glass substrates (5). There are four fixing grooves (6) arranged in a uniform ring. A metasurface (7) is placed in the fixing groove (6). The light path of the metasurface (7) of the upper glass substrate (5) is focused downward at a 45° angle to a point. The lower end... The light path of the metasurface (7) of the glass substrate (5) is focused upward at a 45° angle to a point. The light path focus point of the upper metasurface (7) overlaps with the light path focus point of the lower metasurface (7) to form an optical trap. The metasurface (7) is used to capture a single neutral atom. The metasurfaces (7) on the two glass substrates (5) correspond one-to-one. A mosquito coil (8) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the glass substrate (5). The mosquito coil (8) is set on the outside of the four metasurfaces (7). The two mosquito coils (8) are combined to form a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils to form a magnetic trap. The magnetic trap is used to trap atomic groups. The upper end of the fixing device (1) is provided with a first laser (10). The beam of the first laser (10) passes through a first half-wave plate (11) and then enters a first polarizing beam splitter (12). After transmission and reflection by the first polarizing beam splitter (12), a transmitted beam and a reflected beam are formed. The reflected beam forms a 780nm beam (26). The transmitted beam passes through a second half-wave plate (13) and then enters a second polarizing beam splitter (14). After reflection by the second polarizing beam splitter (14), another 780nm beam (26) is formed. The two 780nm beams (26) form a 780nm beam. 6) The light is irradiated onto the glass substrates (5) at the top and bottom ends by the first reflector (15); the second laser (16) is set on the left and right sides of the fixing device (1), and the second laser (16) on the left side enters the third polarizing beam splitter (18) after passing through the third half-wave plate (17). After being transmitted through the third polarizing beam splitter (18), a beam of 1560nm left light (27) is formed. Two second reflectors (19) are set in sequence after the third polarizing beam splitter (18). The 1560nm left light (27) is reflected by the second reflectors (19). The light enters and passes through the dual-wavelength superlens (4), eventually reaching the optical trap to generate a randomly loaded array of defective atoms. The second laser (16) on the right passes through the fourth half-wave plate (20) and then enters the fourth polarization beam splitter (21). After being transmitted through the fourth polarization beam splitter (21), a 1560nm right beam (28) is formed. Three third-order mirrors (22) are sequentially arranged after the fourth polarization beam splitter (21). The 1560nm right beam (28) enters the acousto-optic deflector (23) after being reflected by the three third-order mirrors (22). The deflection of the deflector (23) enters and passes through the superlens (4) and finally reaches the optical trap. By continuously changing the radio frequency of the acousto-optic deflector (23), the deflection angle of the laser is constantly changed, thereby rearranging the neutral atom array and supplementing the defective atom array generated by the 1560nm left beam (27). The fixed device (1) has an electronic gain camera (24) installed on one side of the dual-wavelength superlens (3). The 780nm fluorescence emitted by the atom array collected by the dual-wavelength superlens (4) is irradiated onto the electronic gain camera (24), thereby imaging the atom array.
2. The device based on a metasurface and a programmable neutral atom array according to claim 1, characterized in that: An Ω-ring microwave signal generator (9) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of one of the glass substrates (5). The Ω-ring microwave signal generator (9) is fixedly mounted between the mosquito coil (8) and the metasurface (7). The Ω-ring microwave signal generator (9) emits microwave signals and controls the atomic energy level by generating high-frequency microwave signals.
3. The device based on a metasurface and a programmable neutral atom array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-wavelength superlens (3) and superlens (4) are respectively placed 3 mm to the left and right of the center of the optical trap and the magnetic trap. The dual-wavelength superlens (3) can transmit the 1560nm left beam (27) and allow the 780nm fluorescence propagating in the opposite direction to pass through normally. The numerical aperture of the superlens (4) is 0.
25.
4. The device based on a metasurface and a programmable neutral atom array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the fixing device (1) are provided with two light-transmitting holes (25), which allow more light sources to be obtained inside the fixing device (1).