Single battery

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a single battery which comprises a shell, a pole, a battery cell and an explosion-proof valve, the battery cell is located in the shell, the pole and the explosion-proof valve are arranged on different side faces of the shell, an insulating part is arranged between the side faces, where the battery cell and the explosion-proof valve are located, of the shell, the insulating part supports the battery cell, and the battery cell is located in the shell. The insulating part is provided with a plurality of first protruding parts and at least one first weak part, the adjacent first protruding parts are connected through the first weak part in the direction parallel to the side face, where the anti-explosion valve is located, of the shell, and a first liquid storage area is formed by the first protruding parts and the at least one first weak part. The single battery provided by the utility model is relatively long in service life and relatively high in safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a single-cell battery. Background Technology

[0002] The casing of a single battery cell is equipped with an explosion-proof valve and terminals. When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve opens, allowing high-temperature gas to escape. Inside the casing are the battery cells. To prevent the cells from clogging the explosion-proof valve or affecting its opening, the cells need to be supported so they are not in direct contact with the valve. Electrolyte needs to be injected into the casing to wet the cells. Due to the limited space within the casing, the storage space for the electrolyte is limited while ensuring the energy density of the single battery cell, resulting in a relatively short lifespan for the single battery cell.

[0003] Therefore, improving the lifespan of individual cells is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a single-cell battery, comprising a casing, terminals, a cell, and an explosion-proof valve. The cell is located within the casing, and the terminals and the explosion-proof valve are disposed on different sides of the casing. An insulating member is provided between the cell and the side of the casing where the explosion-proof valve is located, supporting the cell. The insulating member has multiple first protrusions and at least one first weak portion. Adjacent first protrusions are connected through the first weak portion in a direction parallel to the side of the casing where the explosion-proof valve is located. The multiple first protrusions and at least one first weak portion form a first liquid storage area.

[0005] In the aforementioned single-cell battery, the insulating components not only support the cell but also form a first electrolyte storage area. On one hand, this first storage area serves as a storage space for the electrolyte, increasing the electrolyte volume within the single-cell battery and thus extending its lifespan. On the other hand, in the event of thermal runaway, the first storage area acts as an exhaust channel for high-temperature gas, accelerating the discharge of this gas and improving the battery's safety, especially when the explosion-proof valve and terminals are located on different sides of the casing, resulting in slower gas discharge. Furthermore, the first weak point, being relatively thin, is easily breached during thermal runaway, further facilitating the rapid discharge of high-temperature gas. Therefore, the aforementioned single-cell battery boasts a long lifespan and high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 A perspective view of one embodiment of the single-cell battery provided in this application;

[0007] Figure 2 for Figure 1Another perspective view;

[0008] Figure 3 A partial view of the interior of the casing of one embodiment of a single battery cell;

[0009] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the side of the middle insulating component facing the battery cell;

[0010] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A 3D view from the side away from the battery cell;

[0011] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Side view;

[0012] Figure 7 A partial view of the interior of the casing of another embodiment of a single battery cell;

[0013] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of the insulating component;

[0014] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Top view.

[0015] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0016] 100 Shell, 101 Bottom side, 102 Large side, 103 Top side, 104 Small side;

[0017] 200 Insulating part, 201 First protrusion, 202 First weak part, 203 Second protrusion, 204 Second weak part;

[0018] 300 explosion-proof valve; 400 pole; 500 battery cell. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This application provides a single-cell battery. To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the single-cell battery provided in this application includes a casing 100, a terminal post 400, a cell 500, and an explosion-proof valve 300.

[0021] The housing 100 is used to house the battery cell 500 and isolate it from the external environment. The terminal post 400 and the explosion-proof valve 300 are disposed on different sides of the housing 100. In the figure, the terminal post 400 and the explosion-proof valve 300 are disposed on two opposite sides of the housing 100. Specifically, the housing 100 includes two oppositely disposed large-area sides 102, two oppositely disposed small-area sides 104 connecting the two large-area sides 102, and an oppositely disposed top side 103 and bottom side 101 connecting the two large-area sides 102. The terminal post 400 is disposed on the top side 103, and the explosion-proof valve 300 is disposed on the bottom side 101. Alternatively, the terminal post 400 and the explosion-proof valve 300 can also be disposed on two adjacent sides of the housing 100.

[0022] The battery cell 500 is located within the housing 100. The battery cell 500 includes stacked positive electrode plates, negative electrode plates, and a separator. The separator is located between the positive and negative electrode plates. The battery cell can be a wound battery cell formed by winding stacked units of positive electrode plates, negative electrode plates, and separators along the length of the electrode plates, or a stacked battery cell formed by stacking several layers of positive electrode plates, several layers of negative electrode plates, and several layers of separators along the thickness of the electrode plates. The positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode active material, which can be any one or a combination of lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, or lithium manganese iron phosphate. The negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode active material, which can be any one or a combination of artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon, or silicon-based materials.

[0023] An insulating member 200 is provided between the side of the housing 100 (bottom side 101 of housing 100 in the figure) where the battery cell 500 and the explosion-proof valve 300 are located. The insulating member 200 supports the battery cell 500 and prevents the battery cell 500 from blocking the explosion-proof valve 300 or affecting the opening of the explosion-proof valve 300. In the figure, two insulating members 200 are arranged at intervals between the side of the housing 100 where the battery cell 500 and the explosion-proof valve 300 are located. The two insulating members 200 are located on both sides of the explosion-proof valve 300. In this way, the battery cell 500 can be reliably supported by the insulating member 200, and the insulating member 200 can also avoid the explosion-proof valve 300. Alternatively, the number of insulating members 200 in a single battery cell can be one or more. When there is only one, the insulating member 200 needs to be provided with a clearance area to avoid the explosion-proof valve 300.

[0024] like Figure 4 or Figure 8 As shown, the insulating member 200 has a plurality of first protrusions 201 and at least one first weak portion 202. In a direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, adjacent first protrusions 201 are connected by first weak portions 202, and the plurality of first protrusions 201 and at least one first weak portion 202 form a first liquid storage area.

[0025] In the aforementioned single-cell battery, the insulating component 200, while supporting the cell 500, also forms a first electrolyte storage area. On one hand, this first storage area serves as a storage space for the electrolyte, increasing the electrolyte volume within the single-cell battery and thus extending its lifespan. On the other hand, in the event of thermal runaway, the first storage area acts as an exhaust channel for high-temperature gas, accelerating the discharge of this gas and improving the battery's safety, especially when the explosion-proof valve 300 and the terminal post 400 are located on different sides of the casing 100, resulting in slow gas discharge. Furthermore, the first weak point 202, being relatively thin, is easily breached during thermal runaway, further facilitating the rapid discharge of high-temperature gas. Therefore, the aforementioned single-cell battery boasts a long lifespan and high safety.

[0026] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, in a direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, the first protrusion 201 and the first weak part 202 of the insulating member 200 are connected to form a closed structure, which has no holes penetrating the insulating member 200 on the side facing the battery cell 500 and the side away from the battery cell 500.

[0027] The first protrusion 201 and the first weak portion 202 are disposed on the side of the insulating member 200 facing the cell 500. The first protrusion 201 contacts and supports the cell 500, and the first weak portion 202 is spaced apart from the cell 500, with the gap between the first weak portion 202 and the cell 500 forming a first liquid storage area. The closed structure better ensures the insulation effect of the insulating member 200 between the cell 500 and the casing 100, and further improves the insulation performance of the single cell.

[0028] Specifically, Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, in a direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, the first protrusion 201 and the first weak point 202 of the insulating member 200 are connected to form an annular structure, and the internal through-hole of the annular structure forms a first liquid storage area. The annular structure makes the volume of the first liquid storage area larger, which is more conducive to increasing the amount of electrolyte stored in the single cell, thereby improving the life of the single cell. Furthermore, it is more conducive to reducing the resistance of the high-temperature gas flow to the location of the explosion-proof valve 300, thereby facilitating the rapid discharge of the high-temperature gas flow in the event of thermal runaway.

[0029] Figure 4 and Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, at least two opposite sides of the insulating member 200 can be connected through the first liquid storage area in a direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located. This design can increase the flow rate of electrolyte on the opposite sides of the insulating member 200, ensuring a balanced electrolyte content throughout the cell 500, which is more conducive to improving the lifespan of the individual battery. Specifically, Figure 4 In this configuration, in a first direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, the opposite sides of the insulating member 200 are connected through a first liquid storage area. In a second direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, the opposite sides of the insulating member 200 are connected through the first liquid storage area. The first and second directions are perpendicular, thus ensuring a more balanced electrolyte content throughout the cell 500. More specifically, the first direction can be the arrangement direction of the two small-area side surfaces 104 of the housing 100, and the second direction can be the arrangement direction of the two large-area side surfaces 102 of the housing 100.

[0030] Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the number of first weak points 202 can be two or more, thus forming two or more first electrolyte storage areas. When two or more first electrolyte storage areas are formed, adjacent first electrolyte storage areas can be connected in a direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located. This design results in a more balanced electrolyte content throughout the cell 500, which is more conducive to improving the lifespan of the individual battery. Specifically, Figure 4 In the middle, multiple first liquid storage areas are arranged in multiple rows and columns in a first direction and a second direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located. Each first liquid storage area in each row is connected in sequence in the second direction, and each first liquid storage area in each column is connected in sequence in the first direction.

[0031] Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, multiple second protrusions 203 and at least one second weak portion 204 can be provided on the side of the insulating member 200 facing away from the battery cell 500. In a direction parallel to the side surface of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, adjacent second protrusions 203 are connected by second weak portions 204. In a direction perpendicular to the side surface of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, the second protrusions 203 and first protrusions 201 are arranged opposite each other, and the second weak portion 204 and first weak portion 202 are arranged opposite each other. The second protrusions 203 contact and support the side surface of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located. The second weak portions 204 are spaced apart from the side surface of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, and the gap between the second weak portions 204 and the side surface of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located forms a second liquid storage area. Specifically, Figure 5In the direction perpendicular to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, the insulating member 200 has a symmetrical structure, that is, the first weak part 202 and the second weak part 204 are symmetrical, the first protrusion 201 and the second protrusion 203 are symmetrical, and multiple second liquid storage areas are arranged in multiple rows and columns in the first direction and the second direction parallel to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located. Each second liquid storage area in each row is connected in sequence in the second direction, and each second liquid storage area in each column is connected in sequence in the first direction.

[0032] Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the ratio of the projected area of ​​the first protrusion 201 to the projected area of ​​the insulating member 200 on the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located can be configured to be 10% to 60%. Specifically, it can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or 60%. If this ratio is too large, the volume of the first liquid storage area will be small, which will not effectively improve the lifespan of the single battery. If this ratio is too small, the overall strength of the insulating member 200 will be small, which will not be able to reliably support the cell 500 and will not be able to guarantee the safety of the single battery. In addition, the insulation performance of the insulating member 200 will also be compromised. By configuring this ratio within the above range, the safety performance, lifespan, and insulation performance of the single battery can be balanced.

[0033] Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, in the direction perpendicular to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located ( Figure 6 The ratio of the thickness of the first weak portion 202 to the thickness of the first protrusion 201 (in the third direction) can be configured to be 10%~50%. Specifically, it can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or 50%. If the ratio is too small, it means that the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too large or the thickness of the first weak portion 202 is too small. If the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too large, it will reduce the energy density of the single cell. If the thickness of the first weak portion 202 is too small, it will affect the insulation performance of the insulating component 200. If the ratio is too large, it means that the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too small or the thickness of the first weak portion 202 is too large. If the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too small, it will result in the volume of the first liquid storage area being too small, which will not effectively extend the life of the single cell. If the thickness of the first weak portion 202 is too large, it will result in the first weak portion 202 being difficult to break through during thermal runaway, which is not conducive to the rapid discharge of high-temperature gas flow, thus being detrimental to the safety of the single cell. By configuring the ratio of the thickness of the first weak portion 202 to the thickness of the first protrusion 201 within the aforementioned range, the safety, lifespan, and insulation performance of the individual battery can be balanced.

[0034] It should be noted that when the second protrusion 203 and the second weak portion 204 are provided, and the first weak portion 202 and the second weak portion 204 are symmetrical in the direction perpendicular to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, and the first protrusion 201 and the second protrusion 203 are symmetrical, then in the direction perpendicular to the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located, the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the first protrusion 201 and the second protrusion 203. Figure 6 The thickness of the first weak part 202 is equal to half the thickness of the first weak part 202 and the second weak part 204. Figure 6 Half of h).

[0035] Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the first protrusion 201 and the first weak portion 202 can jointly contact and support the battery cell 500, and the first protrusion 201 and the first weak portion 202 can jointly contact and support the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located. In this way, the problem of small contact area between the insulating component 200 and the battery cell 500 caused by the annular structure can be alleviated.

[0036] Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the number of first weak points 202 can be two or more. In this case, each first weak point 202 can be arranged sequentially at intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular structure. In this way, the insulation member 200 provides better support for the battery cell 500.

[0037] Figure 8 and Figure 9In the illustrated embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the first weak portion 202 (t in the figure) to the thickness of the first protrusion 201 (T in the figure) in the radial direction of the annular structure can be configured to be 10%-60%. Specifically, it can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or 60%. If the ratio is too small, it means that the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too large or the thickness of the first weak part 202 is too small. If the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too large, the volume of the first liquid storage area will be too small, which will not effectively extend the life of the single cell. If the thickness of the first weak part 202 is too small, it will affect the insulation performance of the insulating component 200. If the ratio is too large, it means that the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too small or the thickness of the first weak part 202 is too large. If the thickness of the first protrusion 201 is too small, it will affect the reliability of the insulating component 200 in supporting the cell 500, which is detrimental to the safety of the single cell. If the thickness of the first weak part 202 is too large, it will be difficult for the first weak part 202 to be broken through in the event of thermal runaway, which will not be conducive to the rapid discharge of high-temperature airflow, which is also detrimental to the safety of the single cell. Setting the ratio of the thickness of the first weak part 202 to the thickness of the first protrusion 201 within the above range can balance the safety, life, and insulation performance of the single cell.

[0038] The above examples illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, The single battery includes a casing, terminals, a cell, and an explosion-proof valve. The cell is located inside the casing. The terminals and the explosion-proof valve are disposed on different sides of the casing. An insulating member is provided between the cell and the side of the casing where the explosion-proof valve is located. The insulating member supports the cell. The insulating member has multiple first protrusions and at least one first weak portion. In a direction parallel to the side of the casing where the explosion-proof valve is located, adjacent first protrusions are connected by the first weak portion. The multiple first protrusions and at least one first weak portion form a first liquid storage area.

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a direction parallel to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the first protrusion and the first weak part of the insulating member are connected to form a closed structure. The first protrusion is disposed on the side of the insulating member facing the battery cell. The first protrusion contacts and supports the battery cell. The first weak part is spaced apart from the battery cell. The gap between the first weak part and the battery cell forms the first liquid storage area.

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, In a direction parallel to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, at least two opposite sides of the insulating member are connected through the first liquid storage area.

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, In a first direction parallel to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the opposite sides of the insulating member are connected through the first liquid storage area. In a second direction parallel to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the opposite sides of the insulating member are connected through the first liquid storage area. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the first weak part is two or more, thereby forming two or more first liquid storage areas, and adjacent first liquid storage areas are connected in a direction parallel to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located.

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, On the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the ratio of the projected area of ​​the first protrusion to the projected area of ​​the insulating member is in the range of 10% to 60%.

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the direction perpendicular to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the ratio of the thickness of the first weak part to the thickness of the first protrusion ranges from 10% to 50%.

8. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulating component has multiple second protrusions and at least one second weak portion on the side away from the battery cell. Adjacent second protrusions are connected by the second weak portion in a direction parallel to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located. In a direction perpendicular to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the second protrusions and the first protrusions are arranged opposite to each other, and the second weak portion and the first weak portion are arranged opposite to each other. The second protrusions are supported in contact with the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located. The second weak portion is spaced apart from the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located. The gap between the second weak portion and the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located forms a second liquid storage area.

9. The single-cell battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, In a direction perpendicular to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are symmetrical, and the first weak part and the second weak part are symmetrical.

10. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a direction parallel to the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located, the first protrusion and the first weak part of the insulating member are connected to form an annular structure, and the internal through hole of the annular structure forms the first liquid storage area.

11. The single-cell battery according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first protrusion and the first weak part jointly contact and support the battery cell, and the protrusion and the first weak part jointly contact and support the side of the housing where the explosion-proof valve is located.

12. The single-cell battery according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the annular structure, the ratio of the thickness of the first weak portion to the thickness of the first protrusion ranges from 10% to 60%.

13. The single-cell battery according to claim 10, characterized in that, The number of the first weak part is two or more, and each of the first weak parts is arranged sequentially at intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular structure.

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