Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna comprises a radiation body, a feed terminal and a grounding terminal. The radiation body comprises a first radiation body and a second radiation body, the first radiation body is respectively connected with the feed terminal and the grounding terminal, and the second radiation body is connected with the feed terminal; the first radiator comprises a first radiation branch knot, a second radiation branch knot and a connecting arm, the first radiation branch knot and the second radiation branch knot are arranged in parallel, and the connecting arm is connected with the first radiation branch knot and the second radiation branch knot; the first end portion of the first radiation branch knot is connected with the feed terminal, the first end portion of the second radiation branch knot is connected with the grounding terminal, and the first end portion of the first radiation branch knot and the first end portion of the second radiation branch knot are located on the same side of the connecting arm. Through the connection of the radiation branches, the size of the antenna can be reduced, so that the antenna has various different working frequency bands, large bandwidth and high radiation efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, the electronic device has high integration, which leads to smaller and smaller available space for the antenna. Taking a mobile phone as an example, since the screen close to the antenna will reduce the radiation efficiency of the antenna and also generate electronic noise, the area without continuous metal interference in the electronic device (i.e. the top and bottom frames) is the core arrangement area of the antenna. However, with the increasing screen ratio of the mobile phone, the top and bottom frame areas are becoming smaller and smaller. Due to the limited space, the effective trace area and size of the antenna are becoming smaller and smaller. At the same time, in order to take into account different wireless communication protocols (such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, etc.), the antenna needs to have multiple working frequency bands. In order to take into account the wireless requirements of different use scenarios (such as garages, mountainous areas, etc.), the antenna also needs to have high bandwidth and high efficiency. Therefore, how to ensure that the antenna has multiple working frequency bands, large bandwidth and high radiation efficiency in a limited space is a technical problem to be solved at present. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] The present application provides an antenna and an electronic device, which can ensure that the antenna has multiple working frequency bands, large bandwidth and high radiation efficiency. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] In one aspect, an antenna is provided, which comprises a radiation body, a feed terminal and a ground terminal;

[0005] The radiation body comprises a first radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator is connected with the feed terminal and the ground terminal respectively, and the second radiator is connected with the feed terminal;

[0006] The first radiator comprises a first radiation branch, a second radiation branch and a connecting arm, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are arranged in parallel, and the connecting arm is connected with the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch respectively;

[0007] The first end of the first radiation branch is connected with the feed terminal, the first end of the second radiation branch is connected with the ground terminal, and the first end of the first radiation branch and the first end of the second radiation branch are located on the same side of the connecting arm.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first radiation branch, the second radiation branch and the connecting arm are connected into an H-shaped radiator.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first radiator further comprises a third radiation branch;

[0010] The third radiating branch is located at the periphery of the second radiating branch and is connected with the second end of the first radiating branch and the first end of the second radiating branch respectively.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the third radiating branch and the second radiating branch form a T-shaped coupling gap.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first radiator further comprises a fourth radiating branch and a fifth radiating branch;

[0013] The fourth radiating branch is connected with the second end of the first radiating branch, the fifth radiating branch is connected with the third radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the fourth radiating branch and the fifth radiating branch.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the fifth radiating branch is in an L shape, and an L-shaped coupling gap is formed between the fourth radiating branch, the fifth radiating branch and the third radiating branch.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the first radiator further comprises a sixth radiating branch;

[0016] The sixth radiating branch is located on the side of the third radiating branch away from the second radiating branch, the sixth radiating branch is connected with the third radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the sixth radiating branch and the third radiating branch.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the first radiator further comprises a seventh radiating branch and an eighth radiating branch;

[0018] The seventh radiating branch is connected with the third radiating branch, the eighth radiating branch is connected with the sixth radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the seventh radiating branch and the eighth radiating branch.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the eighth radiating branch is in a U shape, and the end of the seventh radiating branch that is not connected with the third radiating branch is located in the U-shaped structure of the eighth radiating branch.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the second radiator comprises a ninth radiating branch and a tenth radiating branch;

[0021] The ninth radiating branch and the tenth radiating branch are both connected with the feed terminal, the tenth radiating branch is arranged at the periphery of the ninth radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the ninth radiating branch and the tenth radiating branch.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the tenth radiation branch is in a U shape, and the end of the ninth radiation branch is located in the U shape of the tenth radiation branch.

[0023] In another aspect, the application also provides an electronic device comprising the above antenna.

[0024] The technical solutions provided by the application can bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] Since the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch in the first radiator are arranged in parallel and connected by the connecting arm, the parallel structure has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics, so that the antenna can uniformly radiate and receive signals in the horizontal direction. Moreover, when the antenna is working, the current flows through the first radiator and the second radiator respectively, and in the case that the path length of the current flowing through the first radiator is different from the path length of the current flowing through the second radiator, the antenna has different equivalent lengths, so that the antenna can have multiple working frequency bands. In addition, when the antenna is working, the electric fields of the first radiator and the second radiator can interact, so that electric field coupling is generated between the two radiators, which can improve the matching between the input impedance of the antenna and the feed line, and thus improve the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a radiator provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another radiator provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another radiator provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another radiator provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a first radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a coupling gap provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another first radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another coupling gap provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another first radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another first radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a second radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path corresponding to a high frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path corresponding to a middle frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path corresponding to a low frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of a return loss of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0047] Reference should be made to Figure 1 , Figure 1is a structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna comprises a radiation body 1, a feeding terminal 2 and a grounding terminal 3. The radiation body 1 comprises a first radiator 11 and a second radiator 12, the first radiator 11 is connected with the feeding terminal 2 and the grounding terminal 3 respectively, and the second radiator 12 is connected with the feeding terminal 2. The first radiator 11 comprises a first radiation branch 111, a second radiation branch 112 and a connecting arm 113. The first radiation branch 111 is arranged in parallel with the second radiation branch 112. The connecting arm 113 is connected with the first radiation branch 111 and the second radiation branch 112 respectively. The first end 111A of the first radiation branch 111 is connected with the feeding terminal 2. The first end 112A of the second radiation branch 112 is connected with the grounding terminal 3. The first end 111A of the first radiation branch 111 and the first end 112A of the second radiation branch 112 are located on the same side of the connecting arm 113.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch in the first radiator are arranged in parallel and connected by the connecting arm. This parallel structure has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics, so that the antenna can uniformly radiate and receive signals in the horizontal direction. Moreover, during the operation of the antenna, the current flows through the first radiator and the second radiator respectively. In the case that the path length of the current flowing through the first radiator is different from the path length of the current flowing through the second radiator, the antenna has different equivalent lengths. In this way, the antenna can have multiple operating frequency bands. In addition, during the operation of the antenna, the electric fields of the first radiator and the second radiator can interact, so that electric field coupling is generated between the two radiators. This electric field coupling can improve the matching between the input impedance of the antenna and the feed line, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the radiator of the antenna comprises a first radiator and a second radiator, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch in the first radiator are arranged in parallel and connected by the connecting arm. Therefore, the antenna integrates multiple radiation branches in a limited space, which is conducive to the application of the antenna in small-sized devices. For example, in portable devices such as smartphones and tablet computers, there are strict requirements for the size of the antenna. This compact antenna structure can achieve good performance without occupying too much space, meeting the development trend of device miniaturization. In addition, the antenna structure has multiple adjustable parameters, such as the length, width and spacing of the radiation branches, the size and shape of the connecting arm, etc. By changing these parameters, the resonant frequency and operating bandwidth of the antenna can be easily adjusted. This enables the antenna to be flexibly designed according to different application requirements, for example, under different communication standards, by adjusting the antenna structure parameters, the antenna can adapt to the working requirements of different frequency bands, improving the versatility and adaptability of the antenna.

[0050] The feeding terminal 2 is used to be connected with a transmitting port of a transmitting component and an interface port of a receiving component included in a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) mainboard in an electronic device, so that the signal generated by the transmitting component can be transmitted to the radiating body through the feeding terminal to realize signal transmission, and the signal received by the radiating body 1 can also be transmitted to the receiving component through the feeding terminal to realize signal reception. The plurality of grounding terminals are used to be connected with a grounding end in the electronic device, thereby providing a stable grounding reference for the antenna. The connection mode can be through a microstrip line or through a spring sheet, and the present application does not limit the same.

[0051] It should be noted that the microstrip line is a kind of planar transmission line widely used in the field of microwave and radio frequency, mainly used for transmitting microwave frequency signals. It is composed of a conductor, a dielectric layer and a ground layer. The conductor is usually a narrow and long metal strip (such as copper) attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric layer separates the conductor from the ground layer. The spring sheet is usually made of metal materials (such as beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, stainless steel, etc.), which has elastic deformation ability. The spring sheet connection utilizes the elastic properties of the spring sheet to form a stable electrical contact between the two connected parts, while allowing a certain relative movement.

[0052] In some embodiments, the feeding terminal is located between the first radiating body and the second radiating body.

[0053] Since the feeding terminal is located between the first radiating body and the second radiating body, the connection mode constitutes the basic structure of the bidirectional radiating branch. Through this bidirectional radiating branch design, the first radiating body and the second radiating body are close to each other and there is an electric field interaction between them, so that an electric field coupling is generated between the two radiating bodies. The capacitive effect generated by the electric field coupling is like introducing a distributed capacitance in the antenna circuit, changing the equivalent circuit model of the antenna. By adjusting the distance between the radiating bodies and the size of the radiating bodies and other parameters, the size of the distributed capacitance is changed, and then the equivalent circuit parameters (such as input impedance) of the antenna are changed, so that they are closer to the characteristic impedance of the feed line. Since in a communication system, the matching between the antenna and the feed line refers to the matching between the input impedance of the antenna and the characteristic impedance of the feed line, when they are well matched, the power transmitted to the antenna by the feed line can be maximally radiated by the antenna, without reflection loss between the feed line and the antenna. Therefore, in the case where the input impedance of the antenna is close to the characteristic impedance of the feed line (i.e. the matching between the antenna and the feed line is good), the reflection loss of the antenna can be reduced, the radiation efficiency and bandwidth can be improved.

[0054] It can be understood that in the above antenna structure, although the second radiator is not directly grounded, it is connected with the feeding terminal. When the antenna works, the feeding terminal inputs an electric signal to the antenna, and the current flows into the second radiator through the feeding terminal, so that the current flows on the second radiator. At the same time, since the first radiator is connected with the feeding terminal and the grounding terminal, a relative coupling structure is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the coupling structure causes the electric field coupling (also known as capacitive coupling, which refers to the energy or signal transmission phenomenon between two or more circuits, elements or conductors through the interaction of electric field. When there is an electric field between two conductors, the voltage change on one conductor will induce electric charges on the other conductor, thereby causing the transmission of current or voltage, which is the electric field coupling) between them. Due to the electric field coupling, the current change on the first radiator will cause the change of the surrounding electric field, and the changed electric field will affect the second radiator, so that the current continuously flows on the second radiator.

[0055] In some embodiments, the distance (or the gap width) between the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch is within a first distance range, and the first distance range refers to the distance range in which the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch can generate coupling. In this way, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch can generate coupling, so that the current intensity on the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch is stronger, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be improved.

[0056] In some embodiments, the length of the gap between the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch can also be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch, so as to adjust the current coupling intensity on the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch. Similarly, the gap width between the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch can also be adjusted by adjusting the length of the connecting arm, so as to adjust the current coupling intensity on the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch. Generally, the longer the length of the gap and the smaller the width of the gap, the stronger the coupling intensity.

[0057] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the first radiation branch 111, the second radiation branch 112 and the connecting arm 113 are connected to form an H-shaped radiator.

[0058] Generally, the optimal working frequency of the antenna matches the equivalent length of the antenna, and generally, the equivalent length of the antenna is 1 / 4 or 5 / 8 of the signal wavelength corresponding to the optimal working frequency of the antenna. The equivalent length of the antenna is the path length of the current on the radiator from the feeding terminal to the grounding terminal when the antenna works. For example, please refer to Figure 3In the case where the first radiating branch 111, the second radiating branch 112 and the connecting arm 113 are connected into an H-shaped radiator, the current flow path is: starting from the feeding terminal 2, sequentially passing through the first radiating branch 111, the connecting arm 113 and the second radiating branch 112, and finally flowing back to the grounding terminal 3.

[0059] In a possible implementation, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, the first radiating branch 111, the second radiating branch 112 and the connecting arm 113 are connected into an h-shaped radiator as shown in Figure 4 . Of course, the h-shaped radiator can also be in a structure as shown in Figure 5 , which is not limited in the present application. In another possible implementation, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, the first radiating branch 111, the second radiating branch 112 and the connecting arm 113 are connected into an h-shaped radiator as shown in Figure 3 .

[0060] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a first radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, the first radiator 11 further includes a third radiating branch 114, the third radiating branch 114 is located at the periphery of the second radiating branch 112, and is respectively connected with the second end 111B of the first radiating branch 111 and the first end 112A of the second radiating branch 112.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the ground branch of the antenna not only includes the second radiation branch, but also includes the third radiation branch, which is equivalent to performing a similar "slotting" operation on the ground branch and increasing the path. The connection of the third radiation branch with the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch causes the originally relatively single current path to be split. One current path can form a similar H-shaped radiation branch (the first radiation branch, the second radiation branch, and the connection relationship therebetween can constitute a similar structural basis) through cooperation with the feed terminal; the other current path extends along the third radiation branch. This multi-path design helps to form a multi-mode resonance, so that the antenna can resonate at multiple frequencies and widen the working frequency band of the antenna. The setting of the third radiation branch increases the actual length of the antenna branch. When the current flows on the antenna branch, the current detour path is increased due to the presence of the third radiation branch. According to antenna theory, increasing the current detour path can lengthen the equivalent length of the antenna. This means that under the same physical size, the antenna can have a longer equivalent length, thereby facilitating the performance of the antenna in the medium and low frequency band (because the medium and low frequency band corresponds to a longer wavelength, a longer antenna electrical length is needed to effectively radiate and receive electromagnetic waves), and the third radiation branch increases the current detour path to lengthen the equivalent length of the antenna, which can enable the antenna to have better radiation efficiency and gain in the medium and low frequency band. To achieve medium and low frequency performance, a traditional antenna often needs to increase the physical size of the antenna to obtain sufficient equivalent length. The embodiments of the present application lengthen the equivalent length by adding the third radiation branch, avoiding relying solely on increasing the physical size to achieve low frequency performance, which can achieve the working requirements of the antenna in the medium and low frequency band without significantly increasing the physical size of the antenna, facilitating the miniaturization design of the antenna, and enabling the antenna to be more flexibly applied to communication equipment with higher space requirements.

[0062] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a coupling slot provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the third radiation branch 114 and the second radiation branch 112 enclose a T-shaped coupling slot K1.

[0063] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another first radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the first radiator 11 further includes a fourth radiation branch 115 and a fifth radiation branch 116, the fourth radiation branch 115 is connected with the second end 111B of the first radiation branch 111, the fifth radiation branch 116 is connected with the third radiation branch 114, and a coupling slot K2 is formed between the fourth radiation branch 115 and the fifth radiation branch 116.

[0064] As an example, please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10is another schematic diagram of the coupling slot provided by the embodiments of the present application, the fifth radiating branch 116 is in L shape, and the fourth radiating branch 115, the fifth radiating branch 116 and the third radiating branch 114 form an L-shaped coupling slot K3.

[0065] In a possible implementation, please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 is another schematic diagram of the first radiator provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first radiator 11 further includes a sixth radiating branch 117, the sixth radiating branch 117 is located on the side of the third radiating branch 114 away from the second radiating branch 112, the sixth radiating branch 117 is connected with the third radiating branch 114, and a coupling slot K4 is formed between the sixth radiating branch 117 and the third radiating branch 114.

[0066] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 is another schematic diagram of the first radiator provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first radiator 11 further includes a seventh radiating branch 118 and an eighth radiating branch 119; the seventh radiating branch 118 is connected with the third radiating branch 114, the eighth radiating branch 119 is connected with the sixth radiating branch 117, and a coupling slot K5 is formed between the seventh radiating branch 118 and the eighth radiating branch 119. As an example, it can be seen from Figure 12 that the eighth radiating branch 119 is in U shape, and the end of the seventh radiating branch 118 not connected with the third radiating branch 114 is located in the U-shaped structure of the eighth radiating branch 119.

[0067] In a possible implementation, please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a second radiator provided by the embodiments of the present application, the second radiator 12 includes a ninth radiating branch 121 and a tenth radiating branch 122; the ninth radiating branch 121 and the tenth radiating branch 122 are both connected with the feed terminal 2, the tenth radiating branch 122 is arranged around the periphery of the ninth radiating branch 121, and a coupling slot K6 is formed between the tenth radiating branch 122 and the ninth radiating branch 121.

[0068] In some embodiments, the tenth radiating branch 122 is in U shape, and the end of the ninth radiating branch 121 is located in the U-shaped structure of the tenth radiating branch 122. As an example, it can be seen from Figure 13 that the radiator composed of the ninth radiating branch 121 and the tenth radiating branch 122 can be approximately regarded as a "mountain" type radiator.

[0069] The tenth radiation branch is arranged around the periphery of the ninth radiation branch to form a "mountain" structure. In the limited radiation space, the long branch (i.e., the tenth radiation branch) is used to wrap the short branch (i.e., the ninth radiation branch), the short branch is nested in the long branch, and the radiation area is shared through the slot, thereby effectively saving the physical size and reducing the space occupied by the whole antenna. Moreover, the slot and the nested structure change the current path, extend the effective electrical length, and increase the branch width or area to reduce the Q value, thereby increasing the antenna bandwidth. In addition, the size optimization of the long and short branches can control different antenna resonance frequencies, which helps to widen the working frequency band of the antenna and increase the antenna bandwidth.

[0070] It should be noted that the Q value is a parameter describing the relationship between energy loss and stored energy in a resonant system, which refers to the ratio of the energy stored in the antenna system to the energy lost in one period. The higher the Q value, the more energy stored in the system relative to the energy lost at the resonant frequency, that is, the smaller the energy loss. Conversely, the lower the Q value, the greater the energy loss. The antenna bandwidth refers to the frequency range in which the antenna can effectively work, which determines the frequency range of the signals that the antenna can receive or transmit. The bandwidth of the antenna is inversely proportional to the Q value. The higher the Q value, the stronger the selectivity of the antenna to frequency, but the narrower the bandwidth; the lower the Q value, the worse the selectivity of the antenna to frequency, but the wider the bandwidth. A lower Q value means that the energy stored in the antenna at the resonant frequency is relatively reduced, and the energy loss is increased. In this case, the energy in the antenna is no longer tightly stored inside the antenna, but can be more quickly radiated into space. In this way, the antenna can effectively work in a wider frequency range.

[0071] It can be understood that each radiator of the above-mentioned antenna radiation body can include one or more radiation branches, and the size and shape of the plurality of radiation branches included in one radiator can be the same or different. The number, size and shape of the radiation branches included in each radiator can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] Next, the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application will be introduced again through Figures 14-18 the drawings.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14The antenna in the figure comprises a radiating body 1, a feeding terminal 2 and a grounding terminal 3, the radiating body 1 comprises a first radiator 11 and a second radiator 12, the first radiator 11 comprises a first radiating branch 111, a second radiating branch 112, a connecting arm 113, a third radiating branch 114, a fourth radiating branch 115, a fifth radiating branch 116, a sixth radiating branch 117, a seventh radiating branch 118 and an eighth radiating branch 119; the second radiator 12 comprises a ninth radiating branch 121 and a tenth radiating branch 122. For the connection relationship between the above-mentioned various branches, please refer to the corresponding content in the foregoing, which will not be described here again. Figure 14 The illustrated antenna can realize the radiation of high, medium and low frequency bands.

[0074] Among them, please refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path corresponding to a high frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 15 The direction of the arrow schematically represents the flow direction of the current. The current flow path comprises two parts, one part is the current flow path on the first radiator 11, and the other part is the current flow path on the second radiator 12. The current flow path on the first radiator 11 is: starting from the feeding terminal 2, passing through the first radiating branch 111, the connecting arm 113 and the second radiating branch 112 in turn, and finally flowing back to the grounding terminal 3. The current flow path on the second radiator 12 is: starting from the feeding terminal 2, flowing to the tenth radiating branch 122 after surrounding the ninth radiating branch 121, and flowing back to the grounding terminal 3 after surrounding the tenth radiating branch 122.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 16 , Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path corresponding to a medium frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 16 The direction of the arrow schematically represents the flow direction of the current. The current flow path also comprises two parts, one part is the current flow path on the first radiator 11, and the other part is the current flow path on the second radiator 12. The current flow path on the first radiator 11 is: starting from the feeding terminal 2, passing through the first radiating branch 111, the fourth radiating branch 114 and the third radiating branch 112 in turn, and finally flowing back to the grounding terminal 3. The current flow path on the second radiator 12 is: starting from the feeding terminal 2, flowing to the tenth radiating branch 122 after surrounding the ninth radiating branch 121, and flowing back to the grounding terminal 3 after surrounding the tenth radiating branch 122.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 17 , Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path corresponding to a low frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 17The flow direction of the current is indicated by the direction of the arrow. The current flow path also includes two parts, one part is the current flow path on the first radiator 11, and the other part is the current flow path on the second radiator 12. The current flow path on the first radiator 11 includes two sub-paths, one sub-path is: starting from the feed terminal 2, sequentially passing through the first radiation branch 111, the fourth radiation branch 114, and flowing to the fifth radiation branch 116 through the third radiation branch 112, flowing to the seventh radiation branch 118 after surrounding the fifth radiation branch 116, flowing to the third radiation branch 114 after surrounding the seventh radiation branch 118, and finally flowing back to the ground terminal 3; the other sub-path is: starting from the feed terminal 2, sequentially passing through the first radiation branch 111 and the fourth radiation branch 114, flowing to the fifth radiation branch 116 through the third radiation branch 112, flowing to the seventh radiation branch after surrounding the fifth radiation branch 116, flowing to the sixth radiation branch 117 through the third radiation branch 114 after surrounding the seventh radiation branch 118, flowing to the eighth radiation branch 119 through the sixth radiation branch 117, flowing to the sixth radiation branch 117 after surrounding the eighth radiation branch 119, and then flowing back to the ground terminal 3 through the third radiation branch 114. The current flow path on the second radiator 12 is: starting from the feed terminal 2, flowing to the tenth radiation branch 122 after surrounding the ninth radiation branch 121, and flowing back to the ground terminal 3 after surrounding the tenth radiation branch 122.

[0077] By Figures 14-17 As can be seen, the embodiment of the present application designs an H-shaped branch between the feed terminal 2 and the ground terminal 3, so that an equivalent inductance is formed between the feed signal and the ground, which is similar to the IFA antenna model; since the current paths corresponding to the middle frequency band and the high frequency band both pass through the two arms of the H-shaped branch (i.e. the first radiation branch 111 and the second radiation branch 112), the adjustment of the length of the two arms of the H-shaped branch can realize the adjustment of the resonant frequency bands of the high frequency and the middle frequency. In addition, the U-shaped radiator (i.e. the radiator formed by the third radiation branch 114 and the sixth radiation branch 117, and the eighth radiation branch 119) is designed in the first radiator, and the antenna radiator with multiple branches is designed, the radiation branches are coupled through the gap, the magnetic field changes are excited, and the effective radiation size of the antenna is equivalent to be lengthened by the slotting and changing the structure of the radiator, so as to excite the low-frequency radiation bandwidth and efficiency. Figure 14The fifth radiating stub 116 and the seventh radiating stub 118 can form an "L"-shaped radiator, which improves the impedance matching of the antenna in the low-frequency band, thereby enhancing the antenna's radiation efficiency and bandwidth in that band. Similarly, the coupling gap between the fifth radiating stub 116 and the fourth radiating stub 115 can improve the impedance matching of the antenna in the mid-frequency band, thereby enhancing the antenna's radiation efficiency and bandwidth in that band. Furthermore, since the current paths corresponding to both the mid-frequency and low-frequency bands pass through the third radiating stub 114 and the sixth radiating stub 117, the gap between the "U"-shaped radiator formed by the third radiating stub 114 and the sixth radiating stub 117 and the second radiating stub can improve the impedance matching of the antenna in the mid-to-low frequency band, thereby enhancing the antenna's radiation efficiency and bandwidth in that band.

[0078] It should be noted that the radiating branches of the antenna in this embodiment are interconnected and not independent entities. The current flow path is only to represent the radiating branches that play a key role in the radiation of different frequency bands. These key radiating branches refer to the radiating branches that have a significant impact on the radiation effect of the corresponding frequency band by optimizing the size of the corresponding radiating branches and the gap width between the radiating branches.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 Showing Figure 14 The corresponding antenna return loss, from Figure 18 It is evident that the antenna can achieve multi-frequency radiation performance at 1.575GHz, 2.4GHz, and 5.5GHz, with a return loss of less than -5dB. The resonant points are located in the low, mid, and high frequency bands of 1.575GHz, 2.45GHz, and 5.5GHz, respectively. Antenna efficiency was tested in a microwave anechoic chamber, and the resulting radiation efficiency is shown in Tables 1-3 below. The return loss for the low frequency band is represented by waveform 01, and the corresponding performance indicators are shown in Table 1. The return loss for the mid-frequency band is represented by waveform 02, and the corresponding performance indicators are shown in Table 2. The return loss for the high frequency band is represented by waveform 03, and the corresponding performance indicators are shown in Table 3.

[0080] Table 1

[0081]

[0082] Table 2

[0083] Frequency (MHz) Efficiency (db) Gain (dbi) Efficiency (%) 2400.00 -5.74 -1.72 26.65 2410.00 -5.94 -1.94 25.48 2420.00 -6.03 -1.99 24.96 2430.00 -6.23 -2.24 23.82 2440.00 -6.36 -2.48 23.14 2450.00 -6.54 -2.67 22.17 2460.00 -6.62 -2.81 21.78 2470.00 -6.59 -2.88 21.93 2480.00 -6.63 -2.91 21.75 2490.00 -6.74 -2.96 21.16 2500.00 -6.81 -2.89 20.85

[0084] Table 3

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] As shown in Table 1 above, the efficiency of the antenna is greater than 30% in the low frequency band. As shown in Table 2 above, the efficiency of the antenna is greater than 20% in the middle frequency band. As shown in Table 3 above, the efficiency of the antenna is greater than 25% in the high frequency band. It should be noted that the antenna efficiency in the above Tables 1-3 is usually expressed in percentage (%), but can also be converted into decibel (dB) form. It refers to the ability of the antenna to effectively radiate input power into space, that is, the logarithmic form of the ratio of radiated power to input power. Gain is the ratio of the radiated power density of the antenna in a particular direction to the radiated power density of an ideal point source antenna (omnidirectional antenna) at the same input power. It is usually expressed in decibels relative to an isotropic antenna (dBi). The antenna efficiency (expressed in percentage) is the ratio of the antenna radiated power to the input power, multiplied by 100%.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch in the first radiator are arranged in parallel and connected by the connecting arm. This parallel structure has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics, so that the antenna can uniformly radiate and receive signals in the horizontal direction. Moreover, during the operation of the antenna, the current flows through the first radiator and the second radiator respectively. In the case that the path length of the current flowing through the first radiator is different from the path length of the current flowing through the second radiator, the antenna has different equivalent lengths, so that the antenna can have multiple operating frequency bands. In addition, during the operation of the antenna, the electric fields of the first radiator and the second radiator can interact, so that the electric field coupling between the two radiators is generated. This electric field coupling can improve the matching between the input impedance of the antenna and the feed line, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna.

[0089] In addition, since the antenna structure has multiple adjustable parameters, such as the length, width, spacing of the radiation branches, the size and shape of the connecting arm, and the like. By changing these parameters, the resonant frequency and operating bandwidth of the antenna can be conveniently adjusted. This enables the antenna to be flexibly designed according to different application requirements, for example, under different communication standards, by adjusting the antenna structure parameters, the antenna is adapted to the working requirements of different frequency bands, improving the versatility and adaptability of the antenna. The ground branch of the antenna in the embodiment of the application not only includes the second radiation branch, but also includes the third radiation branch, which is equivalent to performing a similar "slotting" operation on the ground branch and increasing the path. The connection of the third radiation branch with the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch divides the originally relatively single current path. One current path may form a similar H-shaped radiation branch (the first radiation branch, the second radiation branch, and the connection relationship therebetween can constitute a similar structural basis) in cooperation with the feed terminal; the other current flows along the third radiation branch. This multi-path design helps to form a multi-mode resonance, enabling the antenna to resonate at multiple frequencies and widening the operating frequency band of the antenna. The setting of the third radiation branch increases the actual length of the antenna branch. When the current flows on the antenna branch, the presence of the third radiation branch increases the current detour path, thereby extending the equivalent length of the antenna at the medium and low frequency bands, enabling the antenna to have better radiation efficiency and gain at the medium and low frequency bands. To achieve medium and low frequency performance, traditional antennas often need to increase the physical size of the antenna to obtain sufficient equivalent length. The embodiment of the application prolongs the equivalent length by adding the third radiation branch, avoiding relying solely on increasing the physical size to achieve low frequency performance, which can achieve the working requirements of the antenna at the medium and low frequency band without significantly increasing the physical size of the antenna, helping to miniaturize the antenna design and enabling the antenna to be more flexibly applied to communication equipment with higher space requirements. Through the design form of the slotted and nested structure, the tenth radiation branch is arranged around the ninth radiation branch to form a "mountain" structure. In a limited radiation space, the structure form of the long branch (i.e., the tenth radiation branch) wrapping the short branch (i.e., the ninth radiation branch) is adopted, the short branch is nested inside the long branch, and the radiation area is shared through the slot, thereby effectively saving the physical size and reducing the space occupied by the antenna as a whole. Moreover, by changing the current path through the slotted and nested structure, the effective electrical length is extended, and increasing the branch width or area can reduce the Q value, thereby increasing the antenna bandwidth. In addition, by optimizing the size of the long and short branches, different antenna resonant frequencies can be controlled, which helps to widen the operating frequency band of the antenna and increase the antenna bandwidth.

[0090] Figure 19 An electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application is shown, which includes the above Figure 14The antenna 1901 and the PCB mainboard 1902 are shown, and the antenna can realize any function in the above embodiment when the electronic device receives and transmits signals.

[0091] It should be understood that "at least one" mentioned herein refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, " / " represents the meaning of or, unless otherwise specified, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" herein only describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the same items or similar items with basically the same function and role are distinguished by using "first", "second" and the like. The skilled in the art can understand that "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily mean different.

[0092] The above is the embodiment provided by the present application, which does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises a radiating body, a feeding terminal and a grounding terminal; The radiating body comprises a first radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator is connected with the feeding terminal and the grounding terminal respectively, and the second radiator is connected with the feeding terminal; The first radiator comprises a first radiating branch, a second radiating branch and a connecting arm, the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are arranged in parallel, and the connecting arm is connected with the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch respectively; A first end of the first radiating branch is connected with the feeding terminal, a first end of the second radiating branch is connected with the grounding terminal, and the first end of the first radiating branch and the first end of the second radiating branch are located on the same side of the connecting arm.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The first radiating branch, the second radiating branch and the connecting arm are connected into an H-shaped radiator.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The first radiator further comprises a third radiating branch; The third radiating branch is located at the periphery of the second radiating branch and is connected with a second end of the first radiating branch and a first end of the second radiating branch respectively.

4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein, The first radiator further comprises a fourth radiating branch and a fifth radiating branch; The fourth radiating branch is connected with the second end of the first radiating branch, the fifth radiating branch is connected with the third radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the fourth radiating branch and the fifth radiating branch.

5. The antenna according to claim 3 or 4, wherein The first radiator further comprises a sixth radiating branch; The sixth radiating branch is located on a side of the third radiating branch away from the second radiating branch, the sixth radiating branch is connected with the third radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the sixth radiating branch and the third radiating branch.

6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein, The first radiator further comprises a seventh radiating branch and an eighth radiating branch; The seventh radiating branch is connected with the third radiating branch, the eighth radiating branch is connected with the sixth radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the seventh radiating branch and the eighth radiating branch.

7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein The eighth radiating branch is in a U shape, and an end of the seventh radiating branch not connected with the third radiating branch is located in the U-shaped structure of the eighth radiating branch.

8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The second radiator comprises a ninth radiating branch and a tenth radiating branch; The ninth radiating branch and the tenth radiating branch are both connected with the feeding terminal, the tenth radiating branch is arranged around the periphery of the ninth radiating branch, and a coupling gap is formed between the ninth radiating branch and the tenth radiating branch.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein, The tenth radiating branch is in a U shape, and an end of the ninth radiating branch is located in the U-shaped structure of the tenth radiating branch.

10. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1-9.

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