Angle-adjustable balcony photovoltaic support and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The utility model relates to an angle-adjustable balcony photovoltaic support and photovoltaic system, and the support comprises a back vertical rod which is suitable for being fixedly disposed on a balcony railing or an external vertical surface of a house or a commercial building; the rotating middle shaft is fixedly connected to the back vertical rod, the rotating middle shaft comprises a rotating body rotating around the axis and a locking piece, and the locking piece is configured to implement releasable locking on rotation of the rotating body; the first end of the oblique beam is fixedly connected with the rotating body, a mounting hole is formed in the oblique beam, and the oblique beam is suitable for fixing the photovoltaic panel through the mounting hole. According to the scheme, the inclined beam and the back vertical rod are connected through the rotating middle shaft to be installed in a matched mode, and compared with a traditional scheme, installation and angle adjustment are more convenient and flexible.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the support structure of photovoltaic module especially relates to an angle adjustable balcony photovoltaic support, photovoltaic system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the global energy structure transforms to the clean, low carbon direction, solar photovoltaic power generation as one of the most potential renewable energy, is rapidly from large and medium-sized power station to distributed application scene extension. In this process, balcony photovoltaic has been paid more and more attention and popularization in recent years with the unique advantages of convenient installation, wide application scene and strong economy.

[0003] Balcony photovoltaic system mainly refers to the photovoltaic power generation device installed on the balcony rail, facade, windowsill and other available space of residential or commercial building. Compared with traditional roof photovoltaic and large ground power station, balcony photovoltaic has the advantages of high space utilization, simple installation, strong adaptability and flexible grid connection. Its core components include photovoltaic modules, inverters, support systems, cables and grid-connected devices. Among them, photovoltaic modules usually use single crystal silicon or polycrystalline silicon technology to convert solar energy into direct current efficiently; the inverter is responsible for converting direct current into alternating current to meet the power demand of home or business; the support system is designed as a rail support, wall-mounted or folding support according to different installation environments to ensure that the system is stably and safely installed in limited space; and the grid-connected device is very simple, which can be connected to the grid by directly inserting the device into a household socket.

[0004] Compared with traditional photovoltaic power station system, balcony photovoltaic system is more simple to install, and users can complete the installation and maintenance without relying on professional construction personnel. However, balcony photovoltaic system also faces many technical challenges in practical application. First, due to the dense urban buildings, the balcony is often blocked by surrounding buildings, resulting in insufficient light resources; second, the balconies of different building structures differ in orientation and inclination, and how to optimize the installation angle of the components to maximize the power generation becomes a problem to be solved; in addition, the installation requirements of the facade of high-rise buildings must strictly consider the safety problems such as wind load, structural strength and anti-falling, which directly relates to the user experience and the overall safety of the system.

[0005] Currently, the existing photovoltaic support design mainly includes structures such as foundation, column, beam, purlin and pressing block. For balcony photovoltaic system, as it relies on balcony and wall, it usually does not need independent foundation and has small installation capacity (generally only two photovoltaic modules), so the required mechanical structure is relatively simple. The common design scheme includes a support system composed of four support rods, two of which are fixedly connected to the balcony, and the other two are hingedly connected to the fixed support rods at the upper end and connected to them through a horizontal rod at the lower end. In addition, the two hingedly connected support rods are each provided with an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block to fix and limit the photovoltaic module from the upper and lower ends of the module. After installation, the support structure is fixed and not adjustable, providing reliable mechanical support and safety guarantee for the balcony photovoltaic system.

[0006] In view of the fact that balcony photovoltaic products are mainly aimed at every household, the user group has high requirements for the convenience, safety and economy of the products. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an adjustable inclination type photovoltaic support. The support should have the following characteristics:

[0007] Firstly, the support must be light and easy to install, which can reduce the installation difficulty and labor cost, so that ordinary household users can complete the system building without relying on professional construction personnel.

[0008] Secondly, the support design needs to ensure the safety of the structure, which can withstand wind load, vibration and other external environmental factors in complex environments such as high-rise building facades, so as to ensure the stability and long-term operation reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] At the same time, the support should also have economy, that is, on the premise of meeting the safety and functional requirements, the manufacturing and installation cost is low, so as to have a competitive advantage in the market.

[0010] In addition, the adjustable inclination design will allow users to adjust according to the actual light conditions and building orientation, maximizing the light efficiency of the module and improving the overall power generation.

[0011] Combining the above requirements, the development of such a support will help promote the popularization of balcony photovoltaic in distributed application scenarios, and further promote the development of household energy self-sufficiency and green low-carbon life.

[0012] Although the adjustable inclination type photovoltaic support has innovations in design, it also has the following obvious defects:

[0013] First, many patents use fixed structures or only provide limited tilt angle adjustment ranges. For example, the tripod structure patent of Xunxi Integration (Publication No. CN205356242U) adjusts the height through multiple rows of fixed holes on the vertical rod, and fixes the photovoltaic module with the hook and the buckle plate. The angle adjustment range is limited, and it is difficult to flexibly adapt to different architectural indications and conditions, resulting in that the light receiving efficiency of the photovoltaic module cannot be optimized in actual application. For example, some designs can only be fixed at a certain angle and cannot be adjusted according to the change of seasons or the position of the sun, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0014] Second, the design structure of some brackets is complex, which increases the manufacturing and installation costs and is not conducive to large-scale promotion. In addition, the complex structure may also require higher construction precision during installation, further limiting the use of ordinary household users.

[0015] Third, in terms of wind and rain resistance and anti-falling safety performance, the design of some existing patents is insufficient. Since the balcony is usually installed on the facade of high-rise buildings, its wind resistance and safety are critical, but some patent products fail to fully meet the stringent use requirements of high-rise buildings in terms of structural strength, connection stability and anti-falling measures, and there is a certain safety factor.

[0016] In addition, the universality of existing balcony brackets is relatively poor. Many designs are only optimized for specific types or sizes of balconies, lack of broad applicability, and are difficult to meet the market demand for retrofitting. Some product systems are also not convenient to maintain and replace, and users may encounter maintenance difficulties and inconvenience in retrofitting during long-term use.

[0017] In summary, the current adjustable tilt angle type photovoltaic bracket has room for improvement in terms of adjustment flexibility, cost control, safety, and universality. Solving these problems will help develop a more efficient, economical and safe balcony photovoltaic bracket product that meets the needs of ordinary household users. Utility model content

[0018] In view of the problems of balcony photovoltaic brackets, the utility model provides an adjustable angle balcony photovoltaic bracket to solve the problem of flexible adjustment of the angle of the bracket.

[0019] The adjustable angle balcony photovoltaic bracket of the utility model comprises:

[0020] The back stand is suitable for fixed installation to the balcony railing or facade of a residential or commercial building.

[0021] The rotating central shaft is fixedly connected to the back stand, and comprises a rotating body rotating around an axis and a locking member. The locking member is configured to releasably lock the rotation of the rotating body.

[0022] The oblique beam is fixedly connected with the rotating body at a first end, and mounting holes are formed in the oblique beam, and the oblique beam is adapted to fix the photovoltaic panel through the mounting holes.

[0023] The angle-adjustable balcony photovoltaic support also includes the following technical solutions.

[0024] The rotating shaft includes a rod body, a fixed sleeve and a rotating sleeve, the fixed sleeve is fixed relative to the backstand rod, the rod body is at least circumferentially limited relative to the fixed sleeve, the rod body is fixed with a gear, the rotating sleeve is the rotating body and is internally fixed with gear teeth for engaging with the first gear, the rod body has a first position axially moving relative to the rotating sleeve to engage the gear teeth and a second position separating the gear teeth, and the locking member is used for releasably locking the axial movement of the rod body.

[0025] The locking member includes a button and an elastic body, the button is arranged at one end of the rod body as a pushing member for axially moving the rod body to the second position under an external force, and the elastic body is arranged at the other end of the rod body as a reset member for axially moving the rod body to the first position.

[0026] The first clamping assembly includes a cable tie, and the lower end of the backstand rod is adapted to be connected with the railing by the cable tie, and the backstand rod is fixed to the railing by the cable tie.

[0027] The second clamping assembly includes a first end adapted to be fixedly connected with the upper end of the backstand rod, a second end bent to form a hook portion, a second accommodating space formed between the inner walls of the hook portion, and the second accommodating space adapted to accommodate the railing.

[0028] The two ends of the second clamping assembly are provided with locking holes, and the second clamping assembly is provided with a bolt passing through the two locking holes for locking and fixing, and the bolt is used for abutting against the railing.

[0029] The first end of the second clamping assembly is provided with an adjusting hole, the adjusting hole is a strip-shaped hole, and the second clamping assembly is connected with the backstand rod through the adjusting hole.

[0030] The first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are made of stainless steel, and the bolt is a stainless steel flange bolt and a flange nut.

[0031] The angle-adjustable balcony photovoltaic support also includes the following technical solutions.

[0032] The angle-adjustable balcony photovoltaic support also includes the following technical solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The first perspective structure diagram of the photovoltaic support installed on the railing is given.

[0034] Figure 2 The second perspective structure diagram of the photovoltaic support installed on the railing is given.

[0035] Figure 3 The partial structure diagram of the photovoltaic support is given.

[0036] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the cable tie is given.

[0037] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the hook part is given.

[0038] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the rotating central shaft is given. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in the embodiments of the present application in combination with the drawings.

[0040] Most products on the market are similar, but there are basically the following shortcomings:

[0041] 1. High cost: the mainstream aluminum alloy balcony support uses more materials, and includes hooks, clamps, connecting parts, fasteners and other auxiliary materials, and the material cost and installation cost are high; the price of stainless steel profile is higher than that of aluminum alloy support, and the market acceptance of galvanized aluminum magnesium material is not high due to poor quality control.

[0042] 2. Poor appearance: the existing balcony support profile uses a lot of materials, and the structure is relatively bulky, and the appearance is not simple and clear; the clamping connection form protrudes inwardly to the balcony railing, affecting the overall appearance; the profile or the pressing block is exposed and relatively conspicuous.

[0043] 3. Difficult to install: the balcony photovoltaic system is positioned as a small household micro power station, which is usually installed by the user himself, and the existing support product has more connection positions and low pre-installation degree, and the installation process is time-consuming and laborious.

[0044] The system architecture or scene to which the present scheme can be applied includes (1) balcony: install photovoltaic components on the balcony railing or facade of residential or commercial buildings, and generate electricity using limited space. (2) Wall: fix photovoltaic components on the outer wall of the building to realize vertical installation, which is suitable for situations where space is limited or the roof cannot be used. (3) Railing: install photovoltaic components using the railing structure of the balcony or terrace, which is not only beautiful but also practical.

[0045] Taking the railing as an example, asFigures 1 to 3 As shown, according to the embodiment of the utility model, on the one hand, the utility model provides a photovoltaic support, include: inclined beam 1, rotating middle axle 2 and back stand 3. Back stand 3 is used for fixed installation to the railing of residential or commercial building, and back stand 3 has at least two, and the upper end of back stand 3 is suitable for being fixedly connected with rotating middle axle 2, and the lower end of back stand 3 is suitable for being fixedly connected with lower railing. Rotating middle axle 2 includes rotating body rotating around axis and locking piece, and the locking piece is configured to be releasably locked to the rotation of the rotating body. The number of inclined beam 1 corresponds to the number of inclined beam 1, and the first end of inclined beam 1 is suitable for being connected with rotating body;Inclined beam 1 is provided with mounting hole, and inclined beam 1 is suitable for fixedly installing photovoltaic panel 4 through mounting hole;

[0046] The present scheme is installed by the cooperation of back stand 3 and inclined beam 1, compared with the traditional scheme, the angle adjustment is more convenient and flexible, the adjustable angle range is larger, and the type and number of profiles are less, the cost is reduced, and the whole photovoltaic support is in the storage state during transportation, the overall occupied space is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the packaging and transportation cost.

[0047] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the upper and lower railings are common railings on the balcony, specifically, the lower railing refers to the horizontal railing close to the ground, and the upper railing refers to the horizontal railing away from the ground. It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the inclined beam 1 has two, and the number of inclined beam 1 can be determined according to the number of photovoltaic panels 8 to be installed and the actual length of the railing. It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the inclined beam 1 and the back stand 3 are both square closed aluminum alloy profiles, which avoids excessive weight increase.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 6As shown, further, the rotating central shaft includes a rod body 210 and a fixed sleeve 220 and a rotating sleeve 230 sleeved outside the rod body; the fixed sleeve 220 is fixed relative to the backstand rod 3, and the rod body 210 is at least circumferentially rotationally limited relative to the fixed sleeve 220; the rod body 210 has a gear 240 fixed on the rod body; the rotating sleeve 230 is a rotating body and has an internal tooth (not shown) for engaging the first gear; the rod body 210 has a first position axially moving relative to the rotating sleeve to engage the gear tooth and a second position axially moving relative to the rotating sleeve to disengage the gear tooth; a locking member is used to releasably lock the axial movement of the rod body. In an alternative scheme, the rod body 210 can be axially moved while the rotating sleeve 230 is not axially moved, or vice versa, and the former has higher stability than the latter. In the former scheme, further, the locking member includes a button 250 and an elastic body 260; the button 250 is arranged at one end of the rod body 210 as a pushing member for pushing the rod body 210 to axially move to the second position under an external force; and the elastic body 260 is a compression spring arranged at the other end of the rod body as a reset member for axially moving the rod body to the first position. Pressing the first end releases the gear of the rotating central shaft 2, the diagonal beam 1 is adjusted to a desired angle, the button 250 is released, the gear in the rotating central shaft 2 can be engaged and fixed, and the angle is fixed. The angle between the diagonal beam 1 and the backstand rod 3 is different, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted, and different requirements are met.

[0049] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4 In one embodiment, further comprising: a first clamping assembly arranged between the backstand rod 3 and the lower rail; the first clamping assembly includes a tie 310, and the lower end of the backstand rod 3 is adapted to be connected with the rail by the tie 310, and the backstand rod 3 and the lower rail are bound by the tie 301. By adjusting the inner diameter of the tie 301, the adaptability of the overall structure is improved, and different specifications of the lower rail can be matched to achieve universality.

[0050] As shown in the drawings, Figure 5 In one embodiment, further comprising: a second clamping assembly 4 arranged between the backstand rod 3 and the upper rail; the first end of the second clamping assembly 4 is adapted to be fixedly connected with the upper end of the backstand rod 3; the second end of the second clamping assembly 4 is bent and formed as a hook portion 401, and a second accommodating space is formed between the inner walls of the hook portion 401, and the second accommodating space is adapted to accommodate the upper rail. The backstand rod 3 is connected with the upper rail by the second clamping assembly 4, wherein the second accommodating space is adapted to accommodate the upper rail, thereby increasing the stability of the connection between the backstand rod 3 and the upper rail, increasing the stability of the overall structure, and improving the influence of wind load vibration and other external environmental factors.

[0051] Further, the hook part 401 of the second clamping assembly 4 is specifically in "U" shape in cross section, and a second accommodating space is formed between the two inner walls thereof, and locking holes are further formed in the two end sides of the second clamping assembly 4, after the upper rail is placed in the second accommodating space, the upper rail is locked and fixed by the bolts passing through the two locking holes, and the bolts abut against the upper rail, so that the upper rail is locked inside the second accommodating space, and it is ensured that the upper rail cannot be separated from the second accommodating space, and the stability of the overall structure is ensured.

[0052] Further, the second clamping assembly 4 is provided with an adjusting hole 402; the adjusting hole 402 is a strip-shaped hole; the second clamping assembly 4 is connected with the back stand 3 through the adjusting hole 402. The second clamping assembly 4 is connected with the back stand 3 through the adjusting hole 402, so that the error generated in the installation process of the back stand 3 can be compensated, and the fault tolerance is increased.

[0053] By providing the adjusting hole 402 on the second clamping assembly 4, the back stand 3 is equivalent to having the functions of elongation and shortening, so that the error generated in the installation process of the back stand 3 can be compensated, specifically, when it is necessary to adjust the length of the back stand 3 and the second clamping assembly 4, the bolts are loosened, and the relative positions of the second clamping assembly 4 and the inclined beam 1 are manually adjusted, and then the bolts are locked to be fixed.

[0054] It should be noted that the first clamping assembly 3 and the second clamping assembly 4 are made of stainless steel, all the bolts are made of stainless steel flange bolts and flange nuts, and flat pads and elastic pads are omitted, so that the installation process is reduced, and the anti-loosening effect is achieved, and the dependence on professional tools is reduced. The surface of all aluminum alloy profiles is black anodized, and the surfaces of the remaining parts are also black.

[0055] In this scheme, after the inclined beam 1 and the back stand 3 are opened to a suitable angle, the first end of the back stand 3 is connected with the lower rail through the first clamping assembly 301, then the photovoltaic panel 4 is fixed on the inclined beam 1 through the mounting hole, and then all the bolts are tightened to complete the installation.

[0056] The bracket of the scheme is suitable for various angle adjustment, has simple structure, safe structure and strong universality.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited to the scope of protection of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket, characterized in that, include: Backrest poles are suitable for fixed installation on balcony railings or facades of residential or commercial buildings; A rotating central shaft is fixedly connected to the back support. The rotating central shaft includes a rotating body that rotates about an axis and a locking member. The locking member is configured to releasably lock the rotating body during rotation. An inclined beam is provided, with its first end fixedly connected to a rotating body. The inclined beam has mounting holes, which are suitable for fixing photovoltaic panels.

2. The adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating central shaft includes a rod body and a fixed sleeve and a rotating sleeve fitted outside the rod body; The fixed sleeve is fixed relative to the back upright, and the pole body is at least circumferentially limited in rotation relative to the fixed sleeve; The rod body is fixed with a gear, and the rotating sleeve serves as the rotating body, with teeth fixed inside for meshing with the first gear; The rod has a first position in which it can move axially relative to the rotating sleeve to engage the gear teeth and a second position in which the gear teeth are disengaged. The locking element is used to releasably lock the axial movement of the rod.

3. The adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking component includes a button and an elastic body. The button is located at one end of the rod and acts as a pusher to move the rod axially to a second position when pushed by an external force. The elastic body is located at the other end of the rod and acts as a resetter to move the rod axially to a first position.

4. The adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first clamping assembly, which includes cable ties, and the lower end of the back post is adapted to be connected to the railing by the cable ties, and the back post is fixed to the railing by the cable ties.

5. The adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a second clamping assembly, the first end of which is adapted to be fixedly connected to the upper end of the back support, and the second end of which is bent to form a hook portion, and a second receiving space is formed between the inner walls of the hook portion, the second receiving space being adapted to receive the railing.

6. The adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second clamping assembly has locking holes on both sides. The second clamping assembly is secured with bolts that pass through the two locking holes. The bolts are used to abut against the railing.

7. The adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first end of the second clamping component has an adjustment hole, which is a strip-shaped hole, and the second clamping component is connected to the back support rod through the adjustment hole.

8. The adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first and second clamping components are made of stainless steel, and the bolts are stainless steel flange bolts and flange nuts.

9. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, Includes the adjustable-angle balcony photovoltaic bracket as described in any one of claims 1-8 and the photovoltaic panel installed on the photovoltaic bracket.

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