Spontaneous combustion prevention activated carbon adsorption device and system

Abstract

The utility model provides a spontaneous combustion prevention activated carbon adsorption device and a spontaneous combustion prevention activated carbon adsorption system. By arranging the temperature detection unit and combining with the intelligent control system, the temperature change in the adsorption cavity is monitored in real time. When the temperature of the activated carbon rises due to physical or chemical action in the adsorption process, the device can adjust the temperature in time through the cooling unit, the problem of spontaneous combustion of the activated carbon caused by too high temperature is effectively prevented, and therefore the safety and operation reliability of equipment are greatly improved. On the basis, efficient adsorption of volatile organic compounds is achieved through the porous structure of activated carbon, and the problems of low adsorption efficiency, incomplete desorption and the like in the prior art are solved. According to the utility model, not only is the safety remarkably enhanced, but also good processing performance and industrial application value are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a kind of anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), common solutions include activated carbon adsorption and thermal desorption methods. The existing technology removes VOCs by adsorbing VOCs molecules on the surface of activated carbon. The principle is to use the porous structure and high specific surface area of activated carbon to cause physical or chemical adsorption of pollutants. In addition, catalytic oxidation technology is also applied to convert VOCs into harmless substances at high temperature, thereby reducing their concentration.

[0003] However, the existing technology still has many deficiencies in adsorption efficiency and desorption effect. Activated carbon has low efficiency and incomplete desorption when dealing with high-concentration and complex-component VOCs, which can easily cause activated carbon saturation. At the same time, there is a lack of effective monitoring means, and the above problems have not been properly solved. Specific problems include poor reusability of adsorbents, decreased adsorption capacity in high-humidity environments, and the risk of spontaneous combustion that may occur in actual applications. These factors make it difficult for existing solutions to meet strict environmental protection requirements in high-safety and high-efficiency VOCs removal application scenarios. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present utility model solves the problems of low adsorption efficiency and high risk of spontaneous combustion when dealing with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the prior art, which leads to incomplete desorption and poor reusability, making it difficult to meet the high-safety and high-efficiency environmental protection requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present utility model provides an anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device and system for adsorbing and treating waste gas, characterized in that it comprises: an adsorption shell, an adsorption cavity is provided in the shell, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the shell and communicate with the adsorption cavity, and the waste gas enters the adsorption shell through the air inlet; an activated carbon adsorption unit is provided in the adsorption cavity, the waste gas enters the adsorption shell, is adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption unit, and is discharged through the air outlet; a temperature detection unit, a cooling unit, and a control unit electrically connected to the temperature detection unit and the cooling unit are provided, and the temperature detection unit is provided in the adsorption cavity.

[0006] More preferably, the cooling unit comprises one or more of the following cooling modules: a nitrogen cooling module comprising a nitrogen pipeline and a nitrogen cooling valve electrically connected to the control module; a fire water cooling module comprising a fire water pipeline and a fire water cooling valve electrically connected to the control module.

[0007] More preferably, the device comprises: the gas inlet is provided with a gas inlet sealing valve, and the gas outlet is provided with a gas outlet sealing valve; the gas inlet sealing valve and the gas outlet sealing valve are double valve plates connected with the nitrogen pipeline and the flow control valve group.

[0008] More preferably, the activated carbon adsorption unit is provided with an inlet flow uniform plate and an outlet flow uniform plate at both ends.

[0009] More preferably, the device comprises a differential pressure transmitter; a first end of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the inlet flow uniform plate and the activated carbon adsorption unit, and a second end of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the activated carbon adsorption unit and the outlet flow uniform plate.

[0010] More preferably, the adsorption shell is provided with a bursting disc, the bursting disc and the inside of the adsorption shell form a gas passage, when the pressure in the adsorption shell exceeds a safety value, the internal gas acts on the bursting disc through the passage, and the bursting disc automatically bursts and realizes pressure relief.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model also provides a kind of anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption system, it is characterized in that, including: above-mentioned anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device;Pretreatment unit is provided with primary filter and medium efficiency filter in the pretreatment unit, the pretreatment unit is provided with waste gas inlet and pretreatment gas outlet, waste gas flows into the waste gas inlet, passes through primary filter and medium efficiency filter, and flows from the pretreatment gas outlet;Cooling unit is provided with heat exchanger, cooling tower and circulating pump in the cooling unit;The circulating pump is sent to heat exchanger with cooling water and waste gas is passed through heat exchange, and the cooling water after heating returns to cooling tower and is cooled, and waste gas after cooling is completed is passed through gas inlet and enters adsorption shell;Desorption cooling gas path unit, the desorption cooling gas path unit includes fan and ventilation pipeline;The fan is connected with cooling gas ventilation pipeline.

[0012] More preferably, the cooling gas is used to transport cooling gas into the adsorption shell to cool down.

[0013] More preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged between the pretreatment unit and the cooling unit, and the temperature sensor is connected in communication with the control unit.

[0014] As described above, the anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device has the following beneficial effects: the anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device can effectively prevent the occurrence of spontaneous combustion of activated carbon, ensure the safety of the equipment, and reduce potential losses and safety hazards caused by spontaneous combustion. By introducing real-time temperature monitoring and intelligent adjustment function, the device can dynamically adjust the cooling measures according to the actual working state, thereby significantly improving the stability and efficiency of waste gas treatment. This intelligent management method not only optimizes the adsorption process, but also prolongs the service life of activated carbon and reduces operating costs. In addition, the present application has wide applicability and can effectively treat various types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), so it performs well in the fields of environmental protection and industrial waste gas treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The structure diagram of an embodiment of the anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device is shown.

[0016] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the pretreatment unit and the cooling unit in an embodiment of the anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption system is shown.

[0017] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the desorption cooling gas path unit in an embodiment of the anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption system is shown.

[0018] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the parallel configuration in an embodiment of the anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption system is shown.

[0019] Element number explanation

[0020] 1 adsorption shell

[0021] 11 gas inlet

[0022] 12 gas outlet

[0023] 13 activated carbon adsorption unit

[0024] 14 temperature detection unit

[0025] 15 cooling unit

[0026] 151 nitrogen cooling module

[0027] 152 fire-fighting water cooling module

[0028] 161 inlet flow uniform plate

[0029] 162 outlet flow uniform plate

[0030] 171 inlet airtight valve

[0031] 172 Exhaust sealing valve

[0032] 18 shrapnel

[0033] 2 Preprocessing Unit

[0034] 21. Pre-filter

[0035] 22 Medium-efficiency filter

[0036] 23 Exhaust gas inlet

[0037] 24 Pre-treatment air outlet

[0038] 3 Cooling Unit

[0039] 31 Heat Exchanger

[0040] 32 Cooling Tower

[0041] 33 Circulating Pump

[0042] 4 Desorption Cooling Air Circuit Unit

[0043] 41 Fan Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0045] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of this utility model, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model. The following detailed description should not be considered restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of this application is limited only by the claims of the published patents. The terminology used herein is for describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application. Spatial terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "below," "below," "lower part," "above," "upper part," etc., may be used in the text to illustrate the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figures and another element or feature.

[0046] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "link", "connect", "fix", "hold" and so on should do the broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or integrally connect, can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection, can be direct connection, also can indirectly connect through the intermediate medium, can be the intercommunication of two elements. For ordinary skilled person in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] Furthermore, as used herein the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes" and / or "including", when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, operations, elements, components, items, and / or objects, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, items, and / or objects. As used herein, the terms "or" and "and / or" are to be interpreted as inclusive, i.e., as meaning one or any combination of the items. Thus, "A, B or C" or "A, B and / or C" means any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C. Only when a combination of elements, functions, or operations is inherently mutually exclusive is an exception to this definition presented.

[0048] Before further detailing the utility model, the terms and phrases involved in the embodiments of the utility model are explained, and the terms and phrases involved in the embodiments of the utility model are applicable to the following explanations:

[0049] <1> nitrogen cooling module: a device that uses nitrogen as a cooling medium, commonly used in industrial processes that require temperature reduction, can effectively absorb heat and reduce system temperature.

[0050] <2> fire water cooling module: a device that reduces the temperature of equipment or environment through the spraying or circulation of fire water, usually including valve groups and spray heads and other components, used to improve the efficiency and safety of fire extinguishing.

[0051] <3> flow equalization plate: a component used for gas or liquid flow, designed to evenly distribute fluid flow, reduce flow rate unevenness, and ensure the stability and efficiency of fluid within the system.

[0052] <4> nitrogen valve: a valve used to control the flow of nitrogen, which adjusts the flow and pressure of nitrogen to achieve precise control of gas supply to meet different process requirements.

[0053] <5> Bursting disc: A safety relief device that allows for instantaneous rupture when pressure within a vessel or pipeline exceeds a safe threshold, releasing excess pressure to prevent equipment damage or explosion.

[0054] <6> Preliminary filter: Used for initial filtration in air or liquid, primarily removing larger particulate matter to protect subsequent filtration equipment and systems, commonly used in air purification and liquid treatment systems.

[0055] <7> Intermediate filter: Used after a preliminary filter, primarily for removing medium-sized particulate matter, often with higher filtration efficiency, widely used in HVAC systems and industrial air purification.

[0056] <8> Heat exchanger: A device for transferring heat between different media, effectively heating or cooling, widely used in various aspects of energy and industry.

[0057] <9> Cooling tower: A device that reduces water temperature through evaporative cooling, mainly composed of fillings, fans, and water pumps, widely used in industrial cooling and air conditioning systems.

[0058] <10> Circulating pump: A device for circulating and transporting liquid in a piping system, ensuring continuous flow and maintaining the required pressure of the system, an important part of liquid transportation and cooling.

[0059] <11> Cooling gas: Generally refers to gas used for temperature reduction, possibly low-temperature gas provided by a gas cooling system, widely used in industrial cooling and refrigeration.

[0060] <12> Analytical gas: Gas that has been treated or separated for scientific analysis, monitoring, or experimental purposes, commonly used for gas composition analysis and quality control in industrial processes.

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the invention.

[0062] As Figure 1The utility model provides a kind of active carbon adsorption device of preventing spontaneous combustion, to carry out adsorption treatment to waste gas, comprising: adsorption shell 1, the shell is provided with adsorption cavity, the shell is opened with the gas inlet 11 and the gas outlet 12 of adsorption cavity conduction, the waste gas enters the adsorption shell 1 by the gas inlet 11;Active carbon adsorption unit 13, the active carbon adsorption unit 13 is set in the adsorption cavity, the waste gas enters adsorption shell 1, after being adsorbed by active carbon adsorption unit 13, it is discharged by gas outlet 12;Temperature detection unit 14, cooling unit 15 and the control unit electrically connected with temperature detection unit 14 and cooling unit 15, the temperature detection unit 14 is set in the adsorption cavity.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, the active carbon adsorption unit 13 is used to adsorb volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The active carbon in the active carbon adsorption unit 13 removes VOCs in the gas through physical adsorption and chemical reaction. Physical adsorption is the main mechanism, and some VOCs will undergo chemical catalytic reaction on the surface of the active carbon, forming a chemical adsorption process. Whether it is physical adsorption or chemical adsorption, it is an exothermic process, but the gas temperature at the inlet and outlet of the adsorption device will not significantly increase under normal circumstances due to the relatively small amount of heat released.

[0064] In this embodiment, in order to monitor whether the active carbon is self-ignited (i.e., locally overheated or self-ignited), a plurality of temperature sensors are provided in the adsorption device. These temperature sensors are distributed at different positions of the adsorption unit to detect the temperature at each point to ensure timely response to temperature changes. Since the specific heat capacity of active carbon is large and the thermal resistance is high, when self-ignition occurs, the accumulation of local heat may not be immediately detected, so it is particularly important to provide multiple temperature sensors. Specifically, the distance between two temperature sensors should not be greater than 1 meter to ensure the accuracy of monitoring, and the distance between the test point and the outer wall of the equipment should not exceed 60 centimeters to accurately assess the temperature state of the active carbon layer.

[0065] Further, a fire barrier device is provided at the inlet of the adsorption device to prevent the flame from spreading to other areas along the pipeline when the adsorption device is on fire. The fire barrier device can effectively isolate the fire source, reduce the risk of fire spreading, thereby enhancing the safety of the overall device, ensuring that the fire can be controlled in time in case of emergency, and protecting the safety of the equipment and operating personnel.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present application, the cooling unit 15 includes one or more of the following cooling modules: a nitrogen cooling module 151 including a nitrogen pipeline and a nitrogen cooling valve electrically connected to the control module; a fire water cooling module 152 including a fire water pipeline and a fire water cooling valve electrically connected to the control module.

[0067] In this embodiment, the cooling unit 15 is composed of the nitrogen cooling module 151 and the fire water cooling module 152, each module being composed of a pipeline, a valve and a configuration electrically connected to the control module, having a highly modular design, facilitating flexible selection of cooling methods according to different needs. Among them, the nitrogen cooling module 151 realizes precise supply of nitrogen through the nitrogen pipeline and the nitrogen cooling valve, takes advantage of the effective heat absorption characteristics of nitrogen in a short time, reduces oxygen contact and prevents potential risks such as oxidation, and the adsorption and desorption system provides dual functions of cooling and protection. In addition, the fire water cooling module 152 controls the water flow through the fire water pipeline and the fire water cooling valve, takes advantage of the high heat capacity characteristics of water to quickly remove heat, is especially suitable for high-temperature emergency scenes, and is complementary to the nitrogen cooling, enhancing the flexibility and applicability of the system.

[0068] Further, in terms of control and sealing system, the inlet and outlet of the activated carbon adsorption device adopt a double valve plate design, and nitrogen sealing is provided between the double valve plates to form an independent isolated space, preventing external gas from entering or internal gas from leaking, thereby improving the safety and stability of the system. The nitrogen solenoid valve maintains a slight positive pressure state in the double valve plate cavity by dynamically adjusting the inflow of nitrogen. When the pressure is lower than the set value, the solenoid valve automatically opens to supplement nitrogen, and when the pressure reaches the high set value, it is closed to ensure stable pressure.

[0069] A micro pressure gauge is provided between the nitrogen double valve plates, which monitors the pressure in the cavity in real time and provides feedback signals to the control module to support the precise action of the nitrogen solenoid valve, forming a closed-loop control system, further improving the automation capability and reliability of the system. The present application realizes modular design combined with two cooling methods of nitrogen and fire water, meets the needs of various working conditions, and optimizes the safety performance in terms of sealing protection and pressure monitoring, which can adapt to complex industrial scene applications.

[0070] In this embodiment, the nitrogen cooling valve includes but is not limited to a solenoid valve group. The solenoid valve group is composed of independent solenoid valves and a sub-control module (S), and is located in the nitrogen pipeline with independent control mechanism. The sub-control module (S) continuously monitors the temperature changes and other parameters of the waste gas at the inlet and outlet of the activated carbon (18), and immediately sends an alarm signal and automatically opens the solenoid valve group (17) of the cooling device when the temperature exceeds the set value. At this time, the solenoid valve is powered on to generate electromagnetic force to open the valve, allowing nitrogen to flow smoothly into the adsorption shell (1), while closing the inlet and outlet airtight valves to cool the activated carbon adsorption unit. After the cooling process is completed, the control module will issue instructions again to close the solenoid valve. In addition, the state of each solenoid valve is fed back to the control unit through an indicator to ensure the transparency and safety of the device operation.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present application, the gas inlet 11 is provided with a gas inlet airtight valve 171, and the gas outlet 12 is provided with a gas outlet airtight valve 172; the gas inlet airtight valve 171 and the gas outlet airtight valve 172 are double valve plates connected with the nitrogen pipeline and the flow control valve group.

[0072] In this embodiment, the gas inlet 11 and the gas outlet 12 are respectively provided with a gas inlet airtight valve 171 and a gas outlet airtight valve 172, and the two valves are respectively connected with the nitrogen pipeline through the gas inlet flow control valve group and the gas outlet flow control valve group. The setting of the gas inlet airtight valve 171 and the gas outlet airtight valve 172 enables independent control of the nitrogen flow of the gas inlet and the gas outlet, avoiding interference and influence between them. At the same time, through the adjustment of the gas inlet flow control valve group and the gas outlet flow control valve group, accurate control of the nitrogen flow can be realized to ensure the stability and safety of the system. In an embodiment of the present application, the activated carbon adsorption unit 13 is provided with a gas inlet flow equalization plate 161 and a gas outlet flow equalization plate 162 at both ends.

[0073] In this embodiment, the activated carbon adsorption unit 13 is provided with a gas inlet flow equalization plate 161 and a gas outlet flow equalization plate 162 at both ends to ensure that the gas can be evenly distributed when flowing into and out of the activated carbon adsorption unit 13. The gas inlet flow equalization plate 161 is used to adjust the waste gas entering the unit to be fully equalized before entering the activated carbon layer, avoiding the concentration of gas flow in a certain part, thereby improving the contact efficiency of the activated carbon. The gas outlet flow equalization plate 162 ensures that the gas flow can be evenly released after passing through the activated carbon layer when the gas is discharged, avoiding the situation of local over-saturation. By reasonably configuring the flow equalization plate, the activated carbon adsorption unit 13 can more effectively perform the adsorption and desorption process, thereby improving the performance and stability of the overall system.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, the device comprises a differential pressure transmitter; a first end of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the inlet flow uniformizer 161 and the activated carbon adsorption unit 13, and a second end of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the activated carbon adsorption unit 13 and the outlet flow uniformizer 162.

[0075] In this embodiment, the device is equipped with a differential pressure transmitter for monitoring and managing the gas flow. The first end of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the inlet flow uniformizer 161 and the activated carbon adsorption unit 13, for measuring the gas pressure entering the activated carbon layer, ensuring the uniformity of gas inflow. The second end is arranged between the activated carbon adsorption unit 13 and the outlet flow uniformizer 162, allowing the pressure of the gas after passing through the activated carbon layer to be monitored, in order to evaluate the adsorption efficiency and saturation state of the activated carbon. Through these two pressure measurement points, the differential pressure transmitter can provide real-time differential pressure data,

[0076] In addition, when the monitored pressure difference is greater than the set value, it is necessary to determine whether the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon has decreased, whether there are problems such as blockage, etc. At the same time, the internal pressure of the adsorption shell is monitored, and when overpressure occurs, a timely warning is issued. Therefore, the differential pressure transmitter not only serves to evaluate the running state of the activated carbon adsorption device, but also is an important component for monitoring safety risks, ensuring efficient and safe operation of the adsorption and desorption process.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present application, the adsorption shell 1 is provided with a rupture disc 18, which forms a gas passage with the inside of the adsorption shell 1. When the pressure inside the adsorption shell 1 exceeds a safety value, the internal gas acts on the rupture disc 18 through this passage, and the rupture disc 18 automatically bursts and releases pressure.

[0078] In this embodiment, the rupture disc 18 is used to protect the adsorption device from damage or explosion caused by excessive internal pressure. The rupture disc 18 is directly arranged on the surface of the shell and forms a smooth gas passage with the inside of the shell, so that the gas can flow freely through this passage. Specifically, when the pressure inside the adsorption shell 1 exceeds the set safety value, the internal gas will exert pressure on the rupture disc 18 through this passage. When the applied pressure reaches the bearing limit of the rupture disc 18, the rupture disc 18 will automatically burst, releasing the excess gas in time, thereby reducing the pressure inside the shell and preventing potential dangerous situations such as explosion or equipment damage.

[0079] As Figure 2 and Figure 3The utility model provides a kind of anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption system, it is characterized by comprising: the anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device of above;Pretreatment unit 2, preliminary filter 21 and medium filter 22 are provided in the pretreatment unit 2, the pretreatment unit 2 is provided with waste gas inlet 23 and pretreatment outlet 24, waste gas flows into the waste gas inlet 23, passes through preliminary filter 21 and medium filter 22, and flows from the pretreatment outlet 24;Cooling unit 3, heat exchanger 31, cooling tower 32 and circulating pump 33 are provided in the cooling unit 3;The circulating pump 33 is sent to heat exchanger 31 with waste gas after heat exchange, and cooling water after temperature rise returns cooling tower 32 and is cooled, and waste gas after cooling is completed enters adsorption shell 1 through air inlet 11;Desorption cooling gas path unit 4, the desorption cooling gas path unit 4 includes fan 41 and ventilation pipeline;The fan 41 is connected with cooling gas ventilation pipeline.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present application, the cooling gas is used to deliver cooling gas to the adsorption shell 1 through the pipeline for cooling.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present application, a temperature sensor is provided between the pretreatment unit 2 and the cooling unit 3, and the temperature sensor is connected in communication with the control unit.

[0082] In this embodiment, waste gas enters the adsorption shell 1, passes through the activated carbon adsorption unit 13, and effectively adsorbs volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the gas. After the adsorption process is completed, the fan 41 is responsible for discharging the gas treated by activated carbon through the gas outlet 12. After desorption, the cooling fan 41 and the cooling gas valve are opened to cool the activated carbon layer in reverse flow. The cooling gas cools and absorbs heat through the carbon layer, thereby achieving the cooling of the activated carbon layer, and the cooling gas is returned to the inlet of other adsorption devices for subsequent adsorption operation. During the cooling stage, the system can realize no waste gas emission, reducing environmental pollution. Specifically, the adsorption device includes four stages of adsorption, desorption, cooling and waiting, which are switched in turn. When the temperature sensor of the carbon layer detects that the temperature is lower than the set value, the system enters the waiting or adsorption stage to improve the overall efficiency and safety, ensure that a good cycle is formed between cooling and adsorption, and realize efficient gas treatment.

[0083] Further, a pressure sensor is installed in the inlet main pipeline to monitor the pressure state of the exhaust gas entering the adsorption device in real time. When the pressure changes, the control unit automatically adjusts the operating frequency of the fan 41 according to the feedback signal of the sensor. This dynamic adjustment function enables the fan 41 to adapt to different exhaust gas flow rates, thereby maintaining the operating efficiency of the system. By adjusting the frequency of the fan 41 according to the pressure value, the exhaust gas flow can be effectively controlled to ensure appropriate working conditions at each stage, thereby improving the stability of the exhaust gas treatment and reducing equipment failures and safety hazards caused by uneven pressure.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present application, a temperature sensor is provided between the pretreatment unit 2 and the cooling unit 3, which is communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0085] In this embodiment, the temperature and particulate matter concentration of the exhaust gas affect the adsorption effect, and the present application innovatively pretreats the exhaust gas according to its properties before formal desorption. The pretreatment includes two processes of filtration and cooling. A filter box is provided before the heat exchanger 31, and an initial filter 21 and a medium filter 22 are installed in the filter box to remove particulate matter in the exhaust gas. When the temperature of the inlet exhaust gas exceeds the set value, the system will start the cooling tower 32 and the circulating pump 33 for cooling treatment. In this embodiment, a temperature sensor is provided between the pretreatment unit 2 and the cooling unit 3, which is communicatively connected to the control unit. This setting can monitor the temperature of the exhaust gas in real time and adjust the operation of the cooling unit 3 according to the preset conditions, to ensure that the exhaust gas is properly treated before entering the subsequent adsorption process, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the overall system.

[0086] Further, a differential pressure gauge is provided in the above-mentioned filter box to monitor the working state of the initial filter 21 and the medium filter 22. By detecting the pressure difference before and after the filter in real time, when the pressure difference reaches the preset threshold value, the system will indicate that the filter material needs to be replaced, to ensure that the filtration equipment is always in the best working state, and to avoid the decrease of exhaust gas treatment efficiency caused by filter clogging, thereby helping to maintain the efficient operation and stable performance of the overall system. In addition, timely replacement of consumables can also prolong the service life of the system and reduce maintenance costs.

[0087] As Figure 4As shown, when the exhaust air volume is large, multiple activated carbon adsorption devices are connected in parallel. Two adsorption housings 1 are installed in an axial arrangement, and the two ends of the device are connected to external piping systems through air inlet 11 and air outlet 12. The air is discharged from multiple air inlet pipes and processed by different adsorption housings to effectively remove VOCs in the exhaust air. During processing, the nitrogen cooling module and the fire-fighting water cooling module are connected through the main pipeline to ensure that the temperature inside the system is reduced while the exhaust air is being processed, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment. This configuration achieves efficient processing of large exhaust air volume, and through the assistance of the cooling system, it improves the overall system efficiency and safety.

[0088] Similarly, when the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaust air is high, arranging multiple adsorption units in stages can effectively improve the removal efficiency and adsorption capacity of VOCs. In this multi-stage system, the first stage of adsorption units processes high-concentration exhaust air, quickly removing most of the VOCs, and then the treated exhaust air flows into the second stage to further reduce the VOC concentration and improve the purification effect. This design not only improves the overall processing capacity, but also prolongs the service life of activated carbon, as the load of each unit is smaller, slowing down the saturation speed. When a certain adsorption unit reaches saturation, the system can flexibly switch to other unsaturated units to ensure the continuity of exhaust air treatment. This structure can maintain high efficiency when processing high-concentration VOCs, reduce equipment maintenance frequency, and reduce additional costs caused by frequent replacement of activated carbon.

[0089] In this embodiment, when the exhaust air flow is high, multiple activated carbon adsorption devices are connected in parallel to increase the processing air volume of the system and meet the processing needs of high-flow exhaust air. In parallel configuration, multiple activated carbon adsorption units 13 work simultaneously, each processing the incoming exhaust air flow. This way shares the flow load of each unit, ensuring stable processing under high flow conditions. Parallel arrangement also allows other units to continue running when some units need maintenance or replacement, ensuring the continuity of the exhaust air treatment process.

[0090] In summary, the utility model provides a kind of active carbon adsorption device and system of preventing spontaneous combustion, specifically, by setting temperature detection unit, and combining intelligent control system, temperature change in adsorption cavity is monitored in real time.When the temperature of active carbon is increased due to physical or chemical effect in the adsorption process, the device will adjust the temperature in time through the cooling unit, effectively prevent the spontaneous combustion of active carbon caused by high temperature, thereby greatly improve the safety and reliability of equipment.On this basis, at the same time, the high-efficiency adsorption of volatile organic compounds is realized through the porous structure of active carbon, and the problems of low adsorption efficiency and incomplete desorption in the prior art are improved.The utility model not only has significantly enhanced safety, but also has good treatment performance and industrial application value.The present application effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, has high industrial utilization value, and meets the strict environmental protection requirements.

[0091] The above examples only illustrate the principles and effects of the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the utility model should be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A self-ignition-preventing activated carbon adsorption device for adsorbing and treating waste gas, characterized in that, It comprises: An adsorption shell (1) provided with an adsorption cavity, an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) leading to the adsorption cavity, and the exhaust gas enters the adsorption shell (1) through the air inlet (11); An activated carbon adsorption unit (13) arranged in the adsorption cavity, the exhaust gas enters the adsorption shell (1), is adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption unit (13), and is discharged through the air outlet (12); A temperature detection unit (14), a cooling unit (15), and a control unit electrically connected with the temperature detection unit (14) and the cooling unit (15), the temperature detection unit (14) is arranged in the adsorption cavity.

2. The anti-detonation activated carbon adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized by The cooling unit (15) comprises one or more cooling modules: A nitrogen cooling module (151) comprising a nitrogen pipeline and a nitrogen cooling valve electrically connected with the control module; A fire-fighting water cooling module (152) comprising a fire-fighting water pipeline and a fire-fighting water cooling valve electrically connected with the control module.

3. The anti-detonation activated carbon adsorption device according to claim 2, characterized by The device comprises: the air inlet (11) is provided with an air-tight valve (171), and the air outlet (12) is provided with an air-tight valve (172); the air-tight valve (171) and the air-tight valve (172) are double valve plates connected with the nitrogen pipeline and the flow control valve group.

4. The anti-detonation activated carbon adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized by The activated carbon adsorption unit (13) is provided with an air inlet flow uniform plate (161) and an air outlet flow uniform plate (162) at both ends.

5. The anti-detonation activated carbon adsorption device according to claim 4, characterized by The device comprises a differential pressure transmitter; the first end of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the air inlet flow uniform plate (161) and the activated carbon adsorption unit (13), and the second end of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the activated carbon adsorption unit (13) and the air outlet flow uniform plate (162).

6. The anti-detonation activated carbon adsorber device according to claim 1, wherein The adsorption shell (1) is provided with a bursting disc (18), the bursting disc (18) and the inside of the adsorption shell (1) form a gas passage, when the pressure in the adsorption shell (1) exceeds a safety value, the internal gas acts on the bursting disc (18) through the passage, and the bursting disc (18) automatically bursts and realizes pressure relief.

7. A self-extinguishing activated carbon adsorption system, characterized by It comprises: The anti-spontaneous combustion activated carbon adsorption device of any one of claims 1 to 6; A pretreatment unit (2) provided with a primary filter (21) and a medium-efficiency filter (22), the pretreatment unit (2) is provided with an exhaust gas inlet (23) and a pretreatment air outlet (24), the exhaust gas flows into the exhaust gas inlet (23), passes through the primary filter (21) and the medium-efficiency filter (22), and flows out from the pretreatment air outlet (24); A cooling unit (3) is internally provided with a heat exchanger (31), a cooling tower (32) and a circulating pump (33); the circulating pump (33) delivers cooling water to the heat exchanger (31) to exchange heat with the exhaust gas, the heated cooling water returns to the cooling tower (32) for cooling, and the cooled exhaust gas enters the adsorption shell (1) through the air inlet (11); A desorption cooling gas path unit (4) includes a fan (41) and a ventilation pipeline; the fan (41) is connected with the cooling gas ventilation pipeline.

8. The antiknock activated carbon adsorbent system according to claim 7, wherein The cooling gas is used to deliver cooling gas to the adsorption shell (1) through the pipeline to cool down.

9. The antiknock activated carbon adsorbent system according to claim 7, wherein A temperature sensor is arranged between the pretreatment unit (2) and the cooling unit (3), and the temperature sensor is connected in communication with the control unit.

Images