Air supply and slag discharge device of gasification furnace and gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model provides a gasification furnace air supply deslagging device and a gasification furnace, and relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces, the gasification furnace air supply deslagging device comprises a first-stage and second-stage crushing system and a third-stage crushing system, the first-stage and second-stage crushing system comprises a first driving mechanism, a rotating shaft, a reinforcing support and a furnace bar, and the furnace bar is provided with air distribution holes and first-stage crushing teeth; an ash scraping knife and secondary crushing teeth are arranged on the reinforcing support; the third-stage crushing system comprises a second driving mechanism, a fixed supporting base, an ash tray and an air duct, and third-stage crushing teeth are arranged on the ash tray; multi-stage fine crushing and deslagging are achieved, the problems that equipment operation is affected and equipment is damaged due to the fact that coke blocks clamp a deslagging system are solved, one driving system is adopted for first-stage coarse crushing and second-stage crushing, one driving system is independently adopted for third-stage crushing, and the two driving systems can rotate clockwise and anticlockwise according to requirements. Therefore, the structural performance of slag breaking and discharging is greatly enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to gasification furnace technical field especially gasification furnace air supply and slagging device and gasification furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] The slag produced in the gasification process of the complex composition of domestic waste is easy to coke and stick to the wall under high temperature environment, which further destroys the waste gasification atmosphere, affects slagging, and seriously, the large coke block is easy to jam the slagging system, causes slag wall hanging and bridging, equipment damage and other problems, is not conducive to operation, maintenance and further air supply, and the hardness of the coke block provides further requirements for crushing, slagging and the like under high temperature environment, and the application is proposed for the above problems. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a gasification furnace air supply and slagging device and gasification furnace, by setting up multistage crushing slagging device, realize multistage crushing, solve the problem of the influence of equipment operation and equipment damage caused by coke block jamming the slagging system.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a gasification furnace air supply and slagging device, including one two stage crushing system and three stage crushing system, the one two stage crushing system includes first drive mechanism, rotating shaft, reinforced support and grate, the reinforced support is connected with the rotating shaft, the first drive mechanism is used for driving the rotating shaft rotation, the grate is the tower type structure and installs on the reinforced support, is provided with the air distribution hole and the primary crushing tooth on the grate, and the primary crushing tooth adopts the circumferential array layered distribution setting on the outer circle of the grate, the reinforced support is provided with the scraper and the secondary crushing tooth, the three stage crushing system includes second drive mechanism, fixed support base, ash tray and air duct, the ash tray can rotate and install on the fixed support base, can realize the rotary installation through bearing connection, also can adopt setting rolling ball and support the ash tray and realize the rotary installation, the second drive mechanism is used for driving the ash tray rotation, the ash tray is provided with the three stage crushing tooth, the air duct and the air distribution hole are used for providing the passageway for the gasification wind to enter the ash layer and the combustion layer, and the slag passes through the primary crushing tooth, the secondary crushing tooth and the three stage crushing tooth and completes multistage crushing, when crushing, the primary coarse crushing, the secondary crushing can form relative or opposite rotation with the three stage crushing, enhances the structural performance of the slagging and slagging, realizes multistage fine crushing and slagging.

[0005] Preferably, the scraper has a certain angle in the top view direction, and can scrape the central ash slag outward during clockwise or counterclockwise movement.

[0006] According to the utility model one embodiment, the first stage crushing tooth working area gap > second stage crushing tooth working area gap > third stage crushing tooth working area gap, preferably set second stage crushing tooth working area gap is 250mm ~ 400mm, third stage crushing tooth working area gap is 30 ~ 80mm.

[0007] According to the utility model one embodiment, the water seal structure is arranged between the first stage and second stage crushing system and third stage crushing system for realizing sealing, and better sealing effect can enhance the use pressure range of gasification wind, and is more favorable for gasification use working condition.

[0008] Optionally, other high-temperature-resistant sealing structures can be additionally arranged between the first stage and second stage crushing system and third stage crushing system in addition to the water seal structure.

[0009] According to the utility model one embodiment, the water seal structure comprises a water seal jacket connected with the rotating shaft, a water seal plate connected with the ash tray and an outer water seal, the water seal jacket, the outer water seal and the outer water seal cooperate to complete sealing, and the outer water seal is installed on the fixed support base.

[0010] Further, the rotating shaft and the bearing seat are connected through the labyrinth seal to realize further sealing, so that the high-pressure performance of the gasification wind can be realized.

[0011] According to the utility model one embodiment, the furnace grid is provided with a hood, the top of the hood is closed, and ash slag is prevented from entering the inside of the furnace grid during work, and the surrounding has a ventilation channel, and the air distribution hole is inclined, so that ash slag is prevented from entering the inside of the furnace grid during use.

[0012] According to the utility model one embodiment, the rotating shaft and the furnace grid are concentric or eccentric, and the eccentric design is more prone to crushing ash slag during work.

[0013] A gasification furnace comprises the gasification furnace air supply and slag discharge device and the furnace wall, and at least the second stage crushing tooth and the third stage crushing tooth among the first stage crushing tooth, the second stage crushing tooth and the third stage crushing tooth can jointly act on the furnace wall to crush ash slag.

[0014] According to the utility model one embodiment, a plurality of adjustable jaw plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the furnace wall, the relative movement between the adjustable jaw plates and the third stage crushing tooth realizes the third stage crushing, the position of the adjustable jaw plate can be adjusted, so that the distance between the adjustable jaw plate and the third stage crushing tooth is adjusted, and the crushing working gap is adjusted.

[0015] According to the utility model one embodiment, a plurality of small ash knives are arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall, and an inclined large ash knife is further arranged on the furnace wall, the small ash knife is used for scraping the bottom furnace slag outward, and the relative movement between the ash tray and the small ash knife and the large ash knife during rotation can complete the ash discharge.

[0016] According to the utility model one embodiment, the furnace wall inner ring is provided with iron brick, the iron brick is at least set in the periphery of two stage crushing tooth and three stage crushing tooth, to increase the wear resistance in the process of slag breaking.

[0017] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is, through setting up two stage crushing system and three stage crushing system, when discharging, the ash and slag complete multistage crushing through first stage crushing tooth, two stage crushing tooth and three stage crushing tooth, realize multistage fine crushing and discharging, solve the problem of the influence equipment operation and equipment damage caused by coke block stagnation discharging system, and wherein first stage coarse crushing, two stage crushing adopt a set of drive system, three stage crushing separately adopt a set of drive system, two groups of drive system can realize clockwise, counterclockwise rotation according to demand, relative or opposite rotation, greatly enhance the structure performance of slag breaking and discharging.In addition, the use pressure range of gasification wind is also enhanced by adopting multistage sealing structure, and it is more favorable for gasification use working condition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The utility model is further illustrated below in connection with the drawings and examples.

[0019] Figure 1 It is two stage crushing system's structural schematic diagram;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the arrangement plan of ash scraper;

[0021] Figure 3 It is three stage crushing system's structural schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 4 It is the whole structure schematic diagram of gasification furnace air supply and slag discharge device;

[0023] In the drawing: 200. two stage crushing system;300. three stage crushing system;

[0024] 1. Wind cap;2. Furnace grid;3. Rotary shaft;4. First stage crushing tooth;5. Two stage crushing tooth;6. Reinforced support;7. Air distribution hole;8. Support hub;9. Air inlet structure;10. Ash scraper;11. Water seal jacket;12. Labyrinth seal;13. Upper bearing seat;14. Large gear;15. Small gear;16. First drive mechanism;17. Lower bearing seat;18. Support base;

[0025] 30. Furnace wall;31. Iron brick;32. Adjustable jaw plate;33. Small ash knife;34. Large ash knife;35. Support base;

[0026] 40. Fixed support base;41. Outer water seal;42. Inner water seal;43. First air duct;44. Air inlet ring tube;45. Second drive mechanism;46. Gear pair;

[0027] 50. ash tray; 51. support bottom plate; 52. sealing support cone; 53. water seal plate; 54. oil injection lubrication port; 55. rolling ball; 56. crushing tooth; 57. top plate; 58. second air duct;

[0028] 100. third air duct; 101. fourth air duct; 102. fifth air duct; 103. sixth air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following description is only for the purpose of disclosing the present application so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application. The examples in the following description are only as examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious modifications. The basic principles of the present application defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents and other solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

[0030] The gasifier air supply and slag discharge device, such as Figures 1-4 , comprises a two-stage crushing system 200 and a three-stage crushing system 300, and the two-stage crushing system 200 and the three-stage crushing system 300 are combined to form the gasifier air supply and slag discharge device.

[0031] The two-stage crushing system 200, such as Figure 1 , is connected and fixed to the reinforced support 6 through the support hub 8 and the ash scraping knife 10, and the connection mode is preferably welding. The support hub 8 is a hub radiating from the center to the periphery, which is used to support the strength of the upper structure. The reinforced support 6 is a cylindrical structure, and the outer part is provided with two-stage crushing teeth 5 distributed along the periphery. The upper end of the reinforced support 6 is preferably provided with a grate 2 through bolt connection.

[0032] The grate 2 is a split casting structure, which can be effectively disassembled and replaced through fasteners. The top of the grate 2 is provided with a wind cap 1, and the wind cap 1 can be ventilated around. The top is closed structure, which can avoid the ash entering the inside of the grate 2 during work. Each layer of the outside of the grate 2 is provided with a plurality of first-stage crushing teeth 4. The inside and outside of the grate 2 can be uniformly distributed through the air distribution hole 7. The air distribution hole 7 can be provided with a certain angle, which can avoid the ash entering the inside of the grate 2 during use.

[0033] The reinforced support 6 is provided with an air inlet structure 9, which is a conical plate with a plurality of air holes on the top for air distribution and control.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2 , the ash scraping knife 10 has a certain angle in the downward direction, which can scrape the center ash outward regardless of clockwise or counterclockwise during work.

[0035] When the rotating shaft 3 rotates, the above part synchronously rotates, so that the primary crushing tooth 4 can crush the iron bricks 31 on the furnace wall, and because the furnace grid 2 is designed in a tower shape, the ash can be gradually pressed downward during the rotation, and the primary crushing tooth 4 can crush the ash, mainly for large ash.

[0036] The crushed ash enters the working area of the secondary crushing tooth 5, and because the gap between the working areas of the secondary crushing tooth 5 is small, generally 250mm-400mm, the secondary crushing of the ash can be effectively realized.

[0037] The rotating shaft 3 and the furnace grid 2 can be concentrically designed or eccentrically designed, and the eccentric design is more suitable for crushing the ash in the working process, and the primary and secondary crushing is mainly realized by the rotation of the rotating shaft 3.

[0038] The support base 18 and the first driving mechanism 16 are fixed on the foundation, the bearing seat 13 is fixed on the bottom plate of the furnace, and the outer water seal 41 is fixed on the fixed support base 40 by welding. The above is a fixed structure.

[0039] The support base 18 is provided with a lower bearing seat 17, and one end of the rotating shaft 3 is fixed on the lower bearing seat 17. In the middle position of the rotating shaft 3, another support for the rotating shaft 3 is realized by the upper bearing seat 13, so that the rotating shaft 3 is supported at two points, and has good stability. The first driving mechanism 16 provides power source for this part, and transmits the power to the rotating shaft 3 through the large gear 14 and the small gear 15.

[0040] When working, the small gear 15 can be further sealed by using a water seal inside.

[0041] The large gear 14 and the bearing seat 13 are preferably designed to be halved, which can be easily disassembled and maintained.

[0042] The water seal jacket 11 is sealed by a water seal, such as Figure 4 The water seal jacket 11 is inserted into the outer water seal 41 to form a closed space, and the connection between the rotating shaft 3 and the bearing seat 13 is further sealed by the labyrinth seal 12, so that the high-pressure performance of the gasification air supply can be realized.

[0043] The above is the working structure and principle of the primary and secondary crushing.

[0044] The tertiary crushing system 300 and the furnace wall 30 structure are as follows Figure 3 The fixed support base 40 is welded and fixed on the foundation, the furnace wall 30 is supported and fixed on the foundation by the support seat 35, and the second driving mechanism 45 is fixed on the foundation by the embedded part.

[0045] The fixed support base 40 is provided with a plurality of rolling balls 55, and is lubricated by injecting lubricating oil from the oil injection lubrication port 54. The ash tray 50 is connected with the fixed support base 40 through the rolling balls 55, so that the rolling balls 55 rotate relatively. The second driving mechanism 45 provides a rotating driving force, which is transmitted to the ash tray 50 through the gear pair 46.

[0046] The ash tray 50 is welded with a support bottom plate 51. The support bottom plate 51 is provided with a third crushing tooth 56 at the upper portion. The support bottom plate 51 is welded with a sealing support cone 52 inside, and is connected with a water seal plate 53 through a flange sealing. The sealing support cone 52 is provided with a top plate 57 at the top. A plurality of ventilation openings are formed in the top plate 57. During operation, the above parts can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise according to requirements.

[0047] The water seal plate 53 is inserted into the outer water seal 41 to form a closed structure.

[0048] The air duct in the third crushing system 300 is composed of a first air duct 43 and a second air duct 58. The air inlet ring pipe 44 is connected with the first air duct 43, and the air inlet ring pipe 44 is an air inlet for gasification air.

[0049] After the first and second crushing systems 200 are combined with the third crushing system 300, as shown in FIG. 6, the first and second crushing systems 200 are connected with the third crushing system 300 through the air ducts. Figure 4 ,

[0050] The third air duct 100 is a side air duct, which is formed between the top plate 57 and the reinforcing support 6. The fourth air duct 101 is a position below the air inlet structure 9 in the reinforcing support 6. The fifth air duct 102 is a position above the air inlet structure 9 to the grate 2. The sixth air duct 103 is a position from the grate 2 to the air distribution hole 7. The gasification air enters the second air duct 58 from the first air duct 43. The gasification air enters the third air duct 100, the fourth air duct 101, the fifth air duct 102, and the sixth air duct 103, and then enters the ash layer and the combustion layer.

[0051] A plurality of small ash scrapers 33 are arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall 30. The structure of the small ash scrapers 33 is similar to that of the ash scraper 10, and the small ash scrapers 33 can scrape the bottom slag outward.

[0052] The furnace wall 30 is further provided with a large ash scraper 34 arranged obliquely. During rotation, the relative movement between the ash tray 50 and the small ash scraper 33 and the large ash scraper 34 can complete the ash discharge.

[0053] A set of adjustable jaw plates 32 are arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall 30. The extension length of the adjustable jaw plates 32 in the direction of the third crushing tooth 56 is adjustable. By adjusting the gap between the adjustable jaw plates 32 and the third crushing tooth 56, the particle size of the broken slag can be adjusted. The relative movement between the adjustable jaw plates 32 and the third crushing tooth 56 can realize the third crushing, and the preferred size is 30-80 mm.

[0054] The inner ring of the bottom of the furnace wall 30 is further provided with a certain height of iron bricks 31 to increase the wear resistance during the slag breaking process. Meanwhile, the reverse movement of the scraper 10 and the top plate 57 is more conducive to the crushing and slagging of the material.

[0055] During the slagging, the first and second crushing systems 200 and the third crushing system 300 are preferably relatively rotated, that is, the rotating directions of the first crushing teeth 4, the second crushing teeth 5 and the third crushing teeth 56 are opposite, so that a better crushing effect is achieved.

[0056] A gasification furnace comprises the above-mentioned gasification furnace air supply and slagging device.

[0057] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description and the embodiments of the utility model shown in the drawings are only as examples and do not limit the utility model. The purpose of the utility model has been completely and effectively achieved. The function and structural principle of the utility model have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments, and the implementation of the utility model can be any deformation and modification without departing from the principle.

Claims

1. A gasifier air supply and slag discharge device, characterized in that: The application relates to a gasification furnace air supply and slag discharge device, which comprises a primary and secondary crushing system (200) and a tertiary crushing system (300), the primary and secondary crushing system (200) comprises a first driving mechanism (16), a rotating shaft (3), a reinforcing support (6) and a grate (2), the reinforcing support (6) is connected with the rotating shaft (3), the first driving mechanism (16) is used for driving the rotating shaft (3) to rotate, the grate (2) is in a tower type structure and is installed on the reinforcing support (6), air distribution holes (7) and primary crushing teeth (4) are arranged on the grate (2), a dust scraping knife (10) and secondary crushing teeth (5) are arranged on the reinforcing support (6); the tertiary crushing system (300) comprises a second driving mechanism (45), a fixed supporting base (40), a dust tray (50) and an air duct, the dust tray (50) is rotatably installed on the fixed supporting base (40), the second driving mechanism (45) is used for driving the dust tray (50) to rotate, tertiary crushing teeth (56) are arranged on the dust tray (50); the air duct and the air distribution holes (7) are used for providing a channel for gasification air to enter a dust layer and a combustion layer, and dust slag is subjected to multi-stage crushing through the primary crushing teeth (4), the secondary crushing teeth (5) and the tertiary crushing teeth (56).

2. The air supply and slagging device of the gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working area gap of the primary crushing teeth (4) is greater than that of the secondary crushing teeth (5), and the working area gap of the secondary crushing teeth (5) is greater than that of the tertiary crushing teeth (56).

3. The air supply and slagging device of the gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A water seal structure is arranged between the primary and secondary crushing system (200) and the tertiary crushing system (300) to realize sealing.

4. The gasifier air supply and slag discharge apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by: The water seal structure comprises a water seal jacket (11) connected with the rotating shaft (3), a water seal plate (53) connected with the dust tray (50) and an outer water seal (41), and the water seal jacket (11) and the outer water seal (41) are matched to realize sealing.

5. The gasifier air supply and slag tapping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A wind cap (1) is arranged on the grate (2), the top of the wind cap (1) is closed, and ventilation channels are arranged around the wind cap (1), and the air distribution holes (7) are arranged in an inclined mode.

6. The gasifier air supply and slag tapping device of claim 1, wherein: The rotating shaft (3) and the grate (2) are arranged in a concentric or eccentric mode.

7. A gasifier characterized by: The application further discloses a gasification furnace air supply and slag discharge device and a furnace wall (30), the primary crushing teeth (4), the secondary crushing teeth (5) and the tertiary crushing teeth (56) jointly crush dust slag together with the furnace wall (30).

8. The gasifier of claim 7, wherein: A plurality of adjustable jaw plates (32) are arranged along the circumference of the furnace wall (30), the relative movement between the adjustable jaw plates (32) and the tertiary crushing teeth (56) realizes the third-stage crushing, the position of the adjustable jaw plates (32) can be adjusted, and the distance between the adjustable jaw plates (32) and the tertiary crushing teeth (56) can be adjusted.

9. The gasifier of claim 8, wherein: A plurality of small dust knives (33) are arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall (30), and large dust knives (34) are further arranged on the furnace wall (30) in an inclined mode.

10. The gasifier according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that: Iron bricks (31) are arranged in the inner circle of the furnace wall (30), and the iron bricks (31) are arranged at least at the periphery of the secondary crushing teeth (5) and the tertiary crushing teeth (56).

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