Zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device based on star point method

Abstract

The utility model provides an entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device for a zoom optical system based on a star point method. The entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device comprises a light source generating system, a light source three-dimensional adjusting system, an adjusting objective table system, a light spot detector system and a light spot detection three-dimensional adjusting system, the light source generating system is arranged on the light source three-dimensional adjusting system; the adjusting objective table system is arranged between the light source three-dimensional adjusting system and the light spot detection three-dimensional adjusting system and is used for installing the detected optical system and adjusting the orientation and the pitching angle of the detected optical system; and the light spot detector system is arranged on the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system. According to the device for measuring the entrance pupil diameter and the position of the optical system based on the star point method, the entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system is converted into parallel light beams with the same aperture, and the light beams are transmitted to the object space of the measured optical system in a wireless manner and can be conveniently received by a detector; the entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system can be directly obtained through translation of the translation stage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to an optical system testing device, concretely relates to a zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device based on star point method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasingly wide application of photoelectric imaging systems in civil and military fields, the performance indicators such as the action distance of photoelectric imaging systems are concerned. In the civil field, the photoelectric imaging system needs to be able to adapt to the imaging of the monitoring range under different illumination conditions to the greatest extent in addition to the requirement of clear imaging of the monitoring range, especially in the evening or when the illumination condition is insufficient, the scene target should be clearly imaged. In the military field, due to the changeable battlefield environment, in order to take timely measures, the photoelectric imaging system is required to be able to detect the characteristics of a target at a farther distance (generally more than 50 km), but due to the large amount of attenuation of the energy of the target reflection or radiation by the atmosphere, the target signal received by the photoelectric imaging system is very weak, therefore, the photoelectric imaging system is required to have a larger relative aperture (i.e. a smaller F / #) to collect more target reflection or radiation energy. Therefore, the entrance pupil diameter of the photoelectric imaging system determines the key performance indicator of the collection of target energy and also determines the action distance of the photoelectric imaging system.

[0003] The optical system is composed of optical glass, an aperture stop, a mechanical structure and a detector assembly, the optical glass is used to collect and focus the light of target radiation and converge it to the focal plane of the optical system for the rear-end detector assembly to receive and realize imaging of the target, the aperture stop is used to limit the amount of light entering the optical system, the larger the aperture stop, the more the amount of light entering the system and the higher the sensitivity of the detector to the target, but if the aperture stop is too large, the projection height of the imaging light on the optical glass will be increased and the aberration of the optical system will be large, which affects the imaging clarity of the system.

[0004] Modern optical imaging systems can be divided into fixed focus optical systems and zoom optical systems according to whether the focal length changes, the principle diagram of the entrance pupil diameter of the fixed focus optical system is shown in Figure 1 , the fixed focus optical system has a relatively simple structure and the positions of the various optical glasses or optical components inside the optical system are relatively fixed.

[0005] As shown in Figure 1 , the entrance pupil of the optical system is actually the image (generally a virtual image) formed by the aperture optical front-end optical assembly of the system aperture stop. The conventional optical system entrance pupil diameter is measured by long working distance microscopy, the entrance pupil of the optical system is imaged on the object side of the system, then the entrance pupil diameter D of the system is measured by the digital display platform guide rail, and the relative aperture or F / # of the optical system is calculated according to the focal length f' of the optical system.

[0006]

[0007] In zoom optical systems, there are moving optical components within the system. During the movement of these moving optical components, the focal length of the system can be changed, but this also changes the entrance pupil position and diameter. As shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b), due to the large magnification ratio of modern zoom optical systems (generally greater than 20×), the entrance pupil distance and diameter of the system change very significantly.

[0008] For traditional fixed-focus optical systems, the method for testing the entrance pupil diameter is as follows: a strong light source is used to illuminate the object side of the fixed-focus optical system from the image side. After entering the optical system from the image side, the strong light source illuminates the physical aperture stop inside the fixed-focus optical system. Then, a microscopic measurement system is used to measure the size of the image formed by the aperture stop on the object side, which is the entrance pupil diameter D of the optical system. The testing principle is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0009] As is well known, microscopic measurement systems are generally used to magnify objects and measure their features with high precision. This results in a short effective working distance for microscope objectives. Generally, the working distance of a microscope objective with Γ = 20× is only about 0.5 mm, while the working distance of a microscope objective with Γ = 1× or Γ = 0.5× is only about 10 mm. Therefore, the method of measuring the entrance pupil image with microscope objectives can meet the requirements for testing the entrance pupil diameter of short focal length fixed-focus optical systems. However, for long focal length fixed-focus optical systems or continuous zoom optical systems, it is not possible to test the entrance pupil diameter using a microscopic measurement system on the object side of the optical system in the traditional way. There are two main reasons: (1) The total length of a long focal length fixed-focus optical system is relatively long, and the system aperture is generally located in the middle of the optical system. Since the focal length of the optical system is relatively long, the focal length of each optical component is relatively large. The aperture is generally close to the front optical glass. Generally, the distance between the aperture and the image side principal section of the front optical component is less than half the focal length of the front optical component. Here, we take l′ 光阑 =0.5f 前端 The position of the image formed by the aperture stop through the front optical components can be calculated using Newton's formula:

[0010]

[0011] In the formula: f′ 前端 The focal length of the optical components before the aperture stop;

[0012] l′ 光阑 The distance between the aperture stop and the principal section of the front optical element image;

[0013] l 入瞳 This is the distance from the entrance pupil of the system to the first optical glass of the system.

[0014] From the formula, when the focal length of the optical element before the aperture stop of the optical system is 10mm, the distance between the entrance pupil position of the optical system and the surface of the first optical glass of the optical system is 200mm, the traditional method of using a microscopic measurement system from the object side cannot test the entrance pupil diameter of the optical system. Moreover, with the use requirements of modern civil and military fields for longer action distance of photoelectric imaging systems, the optical system has a longer focal length, and the focal length of modern photoelectric imaging systems even reaches 1m or more, and the distance between the entrance pupil position and the first optical glass is even tens of meters or more. Especially for continuous zoom optical systems at different focal length positions, the entrance pupil position of the system changes greatly, which makes the traditional method of using a microscopic measurement system to test the entrance pupil diameter of the optical system from the light entrance direction of the system unable to complete the test of the entrance pupil diameter and the entrance pupil position of the modern optical system.

[0015] In order to solve the problem that the traditional microscopic measurement method cannot complete the entrance pupil diameter test of the modern long focal length and zoom optical system (the traditional microscopic measurement system scheme can only complete the entrance pupil diameter measurement of the optical system with an entrance pupil distance of about 0mm-10mm), a new and efficient test method suitable for the long entrance pupil distance of the modern optical system is needed to evaluate the entrance pupil diameter of the fixed focus or zoom optical system and more objectively evaluate the collection ability of the optical system to the target radiant energy. Practical new type content

[0016] The purpose of the present application is to solve the technical problem that the measurement method of the prior art cannot complete the entrance pupil diameter measurement of the long focal length and zoom optical system, and to provide a zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter measurement device and method based on the star point method, which converts the entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system into a parallel light beam with the same aperture, which is transmitted to the object side of the measured optical system infinitely, and can be conveniently received by a detector. The entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system can be directly obtained by translation of the translation stage.

[0017] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0018] A zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measurement device based on the star point method, characterized in that it comprises a light source generation system, a light source three-dimensional adjustment system, an adjustment objective table system, a light spot detector system and a light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system.

[0019] The light source generating system is arranged on the light source three-dimensional adjustment system; the adjustment object table system is arranged between the light source three-dimensional adjustment system and the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system, and is used for mounting the measured optical system and adjusting the azimuth and the pitch angle of the measured optical system; the light spot detector system is arranged on the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system; the light source three-dimensional adjustment system, the adjustment object table system and the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system are used for adjusting the light source generating system and the light spot detector system to be located on the same optical path as the measured optical system.

[0020] The light source generating system is arranged at the image side focal plane of the measured optical system, emits a star point light source to the exit end of the measured optical system, and emits light rays from the entrance end of the measured optical system after passing through the measured optical system.

[0021] The light spot detector system is arranged at the object side of the measured optical system, receives the light rays emitted from the entrance end of the measured optical system, and forms a light spot on the detection surface thereof.

[0022] Further, the light source three-dimensional adjustment system comprises a light source height adjustment translation stage, a light source front-back adjustment translation stage, a light source left-right adjustment translation stage and a light source three-dimensional adjustment system controller; the light source front-back adjustment translation stage is arranged on the light source height adjustment translation stage, and the light source left-right adjustment translation stage is arranged on the light source front-back adjustment translation stage; the light source three-dimensional adjustment system controller is electrically connected with the light source height adjustment translation stage, the light source front-back adjustment translation stage and the light source left-right adjustment translation stage respectively, and is used for position adjustment.

[0023] Further, the light source generating system comprises a visible light point light source assembly arranged on the light source left-right adjustment translation stage, a visible light laser, a near-infrared laser, a short-wave infrared laser, a medium-wave infrared laser and a long-wave infrared laser; the fiber laser exit end points of the visible light laser, the near-infrared laser, the short-wave infrared laser, the medium-wave infrared laser and the long-wave infrared laser are located at the same conjugate position as the star point image of the visible light point light source assembly.

[0024] Further, the adjustment object table system comprises an azimuth angle displacement stage, a pitch angle displacement stage and an angle displacement stage controller; the azimuth angle displacement stage is arranged on the pitch angle displacement stage; and the angle displacement stage controller is electrically connected with the azimuth angle displacement stage and the pitch angle displacement stage respectively, and is used for controlling the angle adjustment of the azimuth angle displacement stage and the pitch angle displacement stage.

[0025] Further, the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system comprises a light spot detection height adjustment translation stage, a light spot detection front-back adjustment translation stage, a light spot detection left-right adjustment translation stage and a detection receiving three-dimensional translation stage controller; the light spot detection front-back adjustment translation stage is arranged on the light spot detection height adjustment translation stage, the light spot detection left-right adjustment translation stage is arranged on the light spot detection front-back adjustment translation stage, and the detection receiving three-dimensional translation stage controller is electrically connected with the light spot detection height adjustment translation stage, the light spot detection front-back adjustment translation stage and the light spot detection left-right adjustment translation stage respectively and is used for three-dimensional adjustment control.

[0026] Further, the light spot detector system comprises a visible light detector, a short-wave infrared detector, a medium-wave infrared detector and a long-wave infrared detector; the visible light detector, the short-wave infrared detector, the medium-wave infrared detector and the long-wave infrared detector are installed side by side on the light spot detection left-right adjustment translation stage along the moving direction of the left-right adjustment translation stage.

[0027] Further, the visible light point light source assembly comprises, in sequence along an optical axis, a microscopic objective lens, a star point scale plate, a ground glass, a halogen tungsten lamp light source and an ellipsoidal condenser; light emitted by the halogen tungsten lamp light source is condensed by the ellipsoidal condenser and then converges on the ground glass, the light is scattered after passing through the ground glass, a uniform secondary plane light source illuminates the star point scale plate, the star point scale plate is arranged on a focal plane of an object side of the microscopic objective lens, and imaging is formed on an image side of the microscopic objective lens to form a star point light source.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial technical effect as follows:

[0029] 1) the utility model discloses a zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device based on star point method, through setting visible light point light source assembly on the image side focal point of the measured optical system, the light beam in the entrance pupil diameter is transmitted to the object side of the measured optical system after being limited by the aperture diaphragm inside the optical system, and the aperture of the object side outgoing light beam is measured, and the entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system can be obtained.

[0030] 2) the utility model discloses a zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device based on star point method, and the entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system is converted into parallel light beams of the same aperture, the light beams are transmitted to the object side of the measured optical system infinitely, can be received conveniently by the light spot detector system, and the entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system can be directly obtained through the movement of the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system.

[0031] 3) The utility model discloses a zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device based on star point method, through the translation of light source three -dimensional adjustment system, can fast adjust point light source to the measured optical system focal plane arbitrary field position, to obtain the exit pupil diameter of the measured optical system arbitrary field, and combine the light spot spatial position of the light spot detector system under the equidistance condition of the measured optical system, fastly calculate the entrance pupil position of the measured optical system.

[0032] 4) The utility model discloses a zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device based on star point method, through the wavelength range of point light source and the detector of light spot detector system are replaced, can realize the entrance pupil diameter measurement of different working spectral range optical system, is applicable to visible light optical system, near infrared optical system, short -wave infrared optical system, mid -wave infrared optical system and long -wave infrared optical system, satisfies the measurement of the entrance pupil diameter of all working spectral range optical system of modern. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is the existing fixed focus optical system exit pupil schematic diagram;

[0034] Fig. 2 (a) is the existing zoom optical system short focus time entrance pupil diameter and entrance pupil position schematic diagram;

[0035] Fig. 2 (b) is the existing zoom optical system long focus time entrance pupil diameter and entrance pupil position schematic diagram;

[0036] Figure 3 It is the existing micro measurement system test optical system entrance pupil diameter schematic diagram;

[0037] Figure 4 It is the corresponding relation diagram of the equivalent optical system entrance pupil diameter and light transmission of the zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device embodiment based on star point method of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic diagram of the zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device embodiment based on star point method of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 6 It is the star point light source position adjustment schematic diagram of the zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device embodiment based on star point method of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 7 It is the measured optical system entrance pupil diameter test schematic diagram of the zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device embodiment based on star point method of the utility model;

[0041] Figure 8 It is the measured optical system entrance pupil position test schematic diagram of the zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device embodiment based on star point method of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 9 It is the structure schematic view of the visible light point source assembly in the zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device embodiment based on the star point method of the utility model;

[0043] The sign of the reference numeral is explained as follows:

[0044] 1-the light source height adjustment translation stage, 2-the light source front and back adjustment translation stage, 3-the light source left and right adjustment translation stage, 4-the visible light point source assembly, 5-the visible light laser, 6-the near infrared laser, 7-the short wave infrared laser, 8-the medium wave infrared laser, 9-the long wave infrared laser, 10-the light source three-dimensional adjustment system controller, 11-the azimuth angle displacement stage, 12-the pitch angle displacement stage, 13-the angle displacement stage controller, 14-the light spot detection height adjustment translation stage, 15-the light spot detection front and back adjustment translation stage, 16-the light spot detection left and right adjustment translation stage, 17-the detection receiving three-dimensional translation stage controller, 18-the visible light detector, 19-the short wave infrared detector, 20-the medium wave infrared detector, 21-the long wave infrared detector, 41-the microscopic objective lens, 42-the star point scale plate, 43-the frosted glass, 44-the halogen tungsten lamp light source, 45-the ellipsoidal condenser; I-the light source generation system, II-the light source three-dimensional adjustment system, III-the adjustment object table system, IV-the light spot detector system, V-the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The utility model will be explained in detail below combining with the drawings and specific embodiment. The person skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the utility model, and the purpose is not to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0046] The utility model sets out from the physical meaning of optical system entrance pupil, and proposes a method capable of measuring the entrance pupil diameter of fixed focus and zoom optical system, which can measure the entrance pupil diameter of optical system with the entrance pupil distance of -∞~+∞, and is suitable for measuring the entrance pupil diameter of any optical system.

[0047] The definition of optical system entrance pupil is that the image formed by the aperture diaphragm of an optical system through the lens or lens group in front of the optical system in the object space of the optical system is called the entrance pupil, which is abbreviated as entrance pupil, and the entrance pupil of the optical system limits the target light to enter the aperture of the optical system. According to the optical principle, any optical system can be simplified as an equivalent black box system, and the entrance pupil diameter and focal length of the optical system determine the relative aperture of the system, and the principle diagram is shown as Figure 4 .

[0048] For an optical system, the system entrance pupil actually limits the maximum containing light envelope of a certain field of view, Figure 4The maximum accommodation envelope of the 0-degree field of view light ray represented by the middle red solid line has the same aperture size as the system entrance pupil diameter, and the reverse extension line of the system image-side focused light beam at the aperture at a distance f from the image plane is the entrance pupil of the system (the intersection plane of the red dashed line and the red solid line in the figure). Thus, it can be confirmed that the entrance pupil diameter of any optical system can also be represented as the aperture of the reverse extension line of the converging light ray at a distance f from the image plane in any field of view from the image side, and in an actual optical system, the light ray from the image-side focal point is limited by the aperture stop, and the maximum spot aperture that can reach the object space is the entrance pupil diameter of the system. According to this principle, the utility model makes a point target light ray from the focal point of the measured optical system, and the light beam representing the entrance pupil diameter can be emitted from the system object space through the front lens or lens group of the system after the point target light ray is incident into the optical system due to the limitation of the aperture stop. By measuring the diameter of the light spot, the entrance pupil diameter of the optical system can be obtained.

[0049] Referring to Figure 5 The utility model discloses a zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device based on star point method, including light source generating system I, light source three dimensional adjustment system II, adjustment object table system III, light spot detector system IV and light spot detection three dimensional adjustment system V, light source generating system I sets up on light source three dimensional adjustment system II, adjustment object table system III sets up between light source three dimensional adjustment system II and light spot detection three dimensional adjustment system V, is used for installing measured optical system and carrying out azimuth and pitch angle adjustment to measured optical system, light spot detector system IV sets up on light spot detection three dimensional adjustment system V.

[0050] Light source three dimensional adjustment system II includes light source height adjustment translation stage 1 and installs on its light source front and rear adjustment translation stage 2 and light source left and right adjustment translation stage 3, visible light point light source assembly 4, visible light laser 5, near infrared laser 6, short wave infrared laser 7, middle wave infrared laser 8, long wave infrared laser 9 of light source generating system I are all installed on the light source left and right adjustment translation stage 3 of light source three dimensional adjustment system II, and the optical fiber exit end point of visible light laser 5, near infrared laser 6, short wave infrared laser 7, middle wave infrared laser 8, long wave infrared laser 9 is with the star point image of visible light point light source assembly 4 in the same conjugate position, light source three dimensional adjustment system controller 10 is installed on the side of light source generating system I, to control the position adjustment of the 3 translation stages of light source three dimensional adjustment system II;

[0051] Referring to Figure 9The visible light spot source assembly 4 is composed of a microscope objective 41, a star dot plate 42, a ground glass 43, a halogen tungsten light source 44 and an ellipsoidal condenser 45. The adjusting stage system III is composed of an azimuth displacement stage 11 and a pitch displacement stage 12 installed below the azimuth displacement stage 11, which is used to provide azimuth and pitch angle adjustment for the measured optical lens. An angle displacement stage controller 13 is installed beside the adjusting stage system III, which is used to control the azimuth and pitch displacement stages. The light spot detector system IV includes a visible light detector 18, a short wave infrared detector 19, a medium wave infrared detector 20 and a long wave infrared detector 21, which are installed side by side on the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system V. The light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system V is composed of a light spot detection height adjustment translation stage 14, a light spot detection front and back adjustment translation stage 15 and a light spot detection left and right adjustment translation stage 16, which is used to perform three-dimensional translation adjustment on the four detector assemblies. A detection receiving three-dimensional translation stage controller 17 is installed beside the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system V, which is used to control the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system V. The single mode optical fiber core diameter is not greater than 50 μm; the diameter of the star dot plate 42 is 1 1 mm; the magnification of the microscope objective 41 is Γ = 10 x; the material of the ground glass 43 is quartz, and the aperture is 30 mm; the effective stroke of the light source left and right adjustment translation stage 3 is 300 mm; and the effective stroke of the light spot detection left and right adjustment translation stage 16 is 300 mm.

[0052] The light emitted by the halogen tungsten light source 44 is converged on the frosted glass 43 after being focused by the ellipsoidal focusing mirror 45, and the light is scattered after passing through the frosted glass 43 to form a uniform secondary surface light source to illuminate the star point reticle 42 installed in front of it. The star point reticle is installed on the object plane of the microscope objective 41, and the image is formed on the image plane through the microscope objective 41 to form an ideal star point light source. The visible laser 5 emits monochromatic visible light energy, which forms an ideal visible monochromatic point light source at the fiber exit end after single-mode light transmission. The near-infrared laser 6 emits monochromatic near-infrared light energy, which forms an ideal near-infrared point light source at the fiber exit end after single-mode light transmission. The short-wave infrared laser 7 emits monochromatic short-wave infrared light energy, which forms an ideal short-wave infrared monochromatic point light source at the fiber exit end after single-mode light transmission. The medium-wave infrared laser 8 emits monochromatic medium-wave infrared light energy, which forms an ideal medium-wave infrared monochromatic point light source at the fiber exit end after single-mode light transmission. The long-wave infrared laser 9 emits monochromatic medium-wave infrared light energy, which forms an ideal medium-wave infrared monochromatic point light source at the fiber exit end after single-mode light transmission. The fiber exit ends of the visible laser 5, the near-infrared laser 6, the short-wave infrared laser 7, the medium-wave infrared laser 8, and the long-wave infrared laser 9 are installed side by side, and the fiber exit ends are mutually conjugate relative to the light source left-right adjustment translation stage 3. The star point image formed by the visible point light source assembly 4 is also conjugate with the fiber exit ends of each laser monochromatic light source. In actual testing, the three translation adjustment degrees of freedom of the light source three-dimensional adjustment system II can adjust the six point light sources up and down, left and right, and high and low relative to the focal position of the measured optical system to test the entrance pupil diameter and entrance pupil position of the measured optical system under different field angles. The six point light sources generated by the light source generation system I are transmitted in the form of a spherical wave, and after passing through the measured optical system, the spherical wave is collimated into a plane wave, which is emitted as a parallel light beam to the object side of the measured optical system for detection and reception by the spot detection system. The adjustment stage system III is installed in front of the light source generation system I to provide azimuth angle and pitch angle adjustment for the measured optical system, and the optical axis of the measured optical system is in a horizontal state. The spherical wave emitted by the light source generation system I is collimated by the measured optical system and enters the spot detector system IV as a parallel light beam. The point light source and the detector are selected according to the working wavelength of the measured optical system. The detection relative position is adjusted by controlling the spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system V to enable it to receive the parallel light beam energy emitted by the measured optical system. The spot detection left-right adjustment translation stage 16 of the spot detection system IV is moved to enable the detection to measure the completed light spot emitted by the measured optical system. The left-right translation amount of the spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system V and the position of the light spot received on the detector are used to calculate the entrance pupil diameter of the measured optical system.

[0053] It should be finally pointed out that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A star point method-based zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measuring device, characterized in that: it comprises a light source generating system (I), a light source three-dimensional adjustment system (II), an adjustment stage system (III), a light spot detector system (IV), and a light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system (V); the light source generating system (I) is arranged on the light source three-dimensional adjustment system (II); the adjustment stage system (III) is arranged between the light source three-dimensional adjustment system (II) and the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system (V) and is used for mounting a measured optical system and adjusting the azimuth and elevation angles of the measured optical system; the light spot detector system (IV) is arranged on the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system (V); the light source three-dimensional adjustment system (II), the adjustment stage system (III), and the light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system (V) are used for adjusting the light source generating system (I) and the light spot detector system (IV) to be on the same optical path as the measured optical system; the light source generating system (I) is arranged at an image-side focal plane of the measured optical system, emits a star point light source, and emits the star point light source to an exit end of the measured optical system, and the light ray is emitted from an entrance end of the measured optical system after passing through the measured optical system; the light spot detector system (IV) is arranged on an object side of the measured optical system, receives the light ray emitted from the entrance end of the measured optical system, and forms a light spot on a detection surface thereof. The light source three-dimensional adjustment system (II) comprises a light source height adjustment translation stage (1), a light source front-back adjustment translation stage (2), a light source left-right adjustment translation stage (3), and a light source three-dimensional adjustment system controller (10); the light source front-back adjustment translation stage (2) is arranged on the light source height adjustment translation stage (1), and the light source left-right adjustment translation stage (3) is arranged on the light source front-back adjustment translation stage (2); the light source three-dimensional adjustment system controller (10) is electrically connected with the light source height adjustment translation stage (1), the light source front-back adjustment translation stage (2), and the light source left-right adjustment translation stage (3) respectively and is used for position adjustment. The light source generating system (I) comprises a visible light point source assembly (4), a visible light laser (5), a near-infrared laser (6), a short-wave infrared laser (7), a medium-wave infrared laser (8), and a long-wave infrared laser (9) arranged on the light source left-right adjustment translation stage (3); the fiber laser exit end points of the visible light laser (5), the near-infrared laser (6), the short-wave infrared laser (7), the medium-wave infrared laser (8), and the long-wave infrared laser (9) are in the same conjugate position as the star point image of the visible light point source assembly (4). The adjustment stage system (III) comprises an azimuth angle displacement stage (11), an elevation angle displacement stage (12), and an angle displacement stage controller (13); the azimuth angle displacement stage (11) is arranged on the elevation angle displacement stage (12); and the angle displacement stage controller (13) is electrically connected with the azimuth angle displacement stage (11) and the elevation angle displacement stage (12) respectively and is used for controlling the angle adjustment of the azimuth and elevation angle displacement stages. ​ 2. The star-point method based zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measurement apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: ​ 3. The star-point method based zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measurement apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: ​ 4. The star-point method based zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measurement apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by: ​ 5. The star-point method based zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measurement apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by: The light spot detection three-dimensional adjustment system (V) comprises a light spot detection height adjustment translation stage (14), a light spot detection front and back adjustment translation stage (15), a light spot detection left and right adjustment translation stage (16), and a detection receiving three-dimensional translation stage controller (17); the light spot detection front and back adjustment translation stage (15) is arranged on the light spot detection height adjustment translation stage (14), the light spot detection left and right adjustment translation stage (16) is arranged on the light spot detection front and back adjustment translation stage (15), and the detection receiving three-dimensional translation stage controller (17) is electrically connected with the light spot detection height adjustment translation stage (14), the light spot detection front and back adjustment translation stage (15) and the light spot detection left and right adjustment translation stage (16) respectively and is used for controlling three-dimensional adjustment.

6. The star-point method based zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measurement apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by: The light spot detector system (IV) comprises a visible light detector (18), a short-wave infrared detector (19), a medium-wave infrared detector (20) and a long-wave infrared detector (21); the visible light detector (18), the short-wave infrared detector (19), the medium-wave infrared detector (20) and the long-wave infrared detector (21) are installed side by side on the light spot detection left and right adjustment translation stage (16) along the moving direction of the left and right adjustment translation stage (16).

7. The star-point method based zoom optical system entrance pupil diameter and position measurement apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by: The visible light point light source assembly (4) comprises, in sequence along an optical axis, a microscopic objective lens (41), a star point scale plate (42), a ground glass (43), a halogen tungsten lamp light source (44) and an ellipsoidal condenser (45); light emitted by the halogen tungsten lamp light source (44) is condensed by the ellipsoidal condenser (45) and then converges on the ground glass (43), the light is scattered after passing through the ground glass (43), a uniform secondary plane light source is formed to illuminate the star point scale plate (42), the star point scale plate (42) is arranged on the object focal plane of the microscopic objective lens (41) and forms a star point light source after imaging by the microscopic objective lens (41).

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