Machine vision detection system and detection equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, in particular to a machine vision detection system and detection equipment. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a CCD camera, a laser emitter, a plane detector and a focusing mechanism, the laser emitter is arranged on one side of the central axis of the CCD camera and used for emitting laser beams to a target area of a to-be-detected part at a preset angle, and the target area is an area where the CCD camera is right opposite to the to-be-detected part; the plane detector is arranged on the other side of the central axis of the CCD camera and is used for detecting a reflected light beam generated by the laser beam and outputting the focal length adjustment amount of the CCD camera according to the detection position where the reflected light beam is located; and the focusing mechanism is used for carrying out focal length adjustment on the CCD camera according to the focal length adjustment quantity. According to the technical scheme, the focusing efficiency of the CCD camera in the small depth-of-field detection process is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, and particularly relates to a detection system and detection equipment of machine vision. BACKGROUND

[0002] Machine vision detection is a detection mode that a camera takes a picture of a component to be detected, and when a larger component to be detected is detected, the camera needs to be driven to move and take a picture by a driving mechanism, and due to the difference in parallelism between the component to be detected and the camera, repeated focusing is needed when taking a picture at different positions, and high-precision detection with a small depth of field is time-consuming. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the technical problem of how to improve the focusing efficiency when the camera moves for detection, the utility model provides a detection system and detection equipment of machine vision, which improves the focusing efficiency of camera movement detection.

[0004] The utility model embodiment provides the following scheme:

[0005] In a first aspect, the utility model embodiment provides a detection system of machine vision, and the detection system comprises:

[0006] A CCD camera is configured to perform a photographing task for machine vision detection of a component to be detected.

[0007] A laser emitter is arranged on one side of the central axis of the CCD camera, and the laser emitter is configured to emit a laser beam at a preset angle to a target region of the component to be detected, wherein the target region is a photographing region of the component to be detected facing the CCD camera.

[0008] A plane detector is arranged on the other side of the central axis of the CCD camera, and the plane detector is configured to detect a reflected light beam generated by the laser beam and output a focal length adjustment amount of the CCD camera according to a detection position of the reflected light beam.

[0009] A focusing mechanism is arranged inside and / or outside the CCD camera, and the focusing mechanism is configured to adjust the focal length of the CCD camera according to the focal length adjustment amount, so that the focal length of the CCD camera is within its depth of field.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the detection system further comprises:

[0011] A driving mechanism is connected to the CCD camera, and the driving mechanism is configured to drive the CCD camera to move so that the CCD camera performs a photographing task on different target regions of the component to be detected.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the driving mechanism comprises:

[0013] A gantry frame.

[0014] A transverse driving shaft is installed on the gantry, and the transverse driving shaft is connected with the CCD camera and used to drive the CCD camera to move transversely.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the driving mechanism further comprises:

[0016] A longitudinal driving shaft is installed below the gantry, and the longitudinal driving shaft is connected with the platform carrying the component to be detected and used to drive the platform to move longitudinally.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the detection system further comprises:

[0018] At least one range finder is arranged at the side of the CCD camera, and the range finder is used to measure the interval distance between the range finder and the component to be detected along the field of view direction of the CCD camera.

[0019] A first adjusting mechanism is connected with the CCD camera or the platform carrying the component to be detected, and the first adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the parallelism between the CCD camera and the component to be detected.

[0020] A control terminal is connected with the range finder and the first adjusting mechanism, and the control terminal is used to determine the parallelism deviation between the CCD camera and the component to be detected according to the interval distances of multiple positions, and control the first adjusting mechanism to adjust the parallelism between the CCD camera and the component to be detected according to the parallelism deviation, so that the parallelism is within a preset range.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the first adjusting mechanism comprises:

[0022] A rotation adjusting assembly is connected with the CCD camera, and the rotation adjusting assembly is used to adjust the rotation angle between the central axis of the CCD camera and the vertical axis.

[0023] A pitch adjusting assembly is connected with the rotation adjusting assembly, and the pitch adjusting assembly is used to adjust the pitch angle of the rotation adjusting assembly.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the detection system further comprises:

[0025] A second adjusting mechanism is connected with the laser emitter, and the second adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the installation angle of the laser emitter.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter is visible light.

[0027] In an alternative embodiment, the planar detector is horizontally arranged at the side of the CCD camera, and the working surface of the planar detector is arranged opposite to the component to be detected.

[0028] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the utility model further provide a detection device, and the device comprises the detection system of any one of the first aspect.

[0029] The machine vision detection system and the detection equipment of the utility model have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0030] The technical scheme of the utility model discloses a CCD camera, a laser emitter, a plane detector and a focusing mechanism, the CCD camera is used for the photographing task of the machine vision detection of the component to be detected, the laser emitter is arranged at one side of the central axis of the CCD camera, the laser emitter is used for emitting laser beams to the target area of the component to be detected at a preset angle, and the target area is the photographing area of the CCD camera directly opposite the component to be detected, the plane detector is arranged at the other side of the central axis of the CCD camera, the plane detector is used for detecting the reflected light beams generated by the laser beams, and the focus adjustment amount of the CCD camera is output according to the detection position of the reflected light beams, and the focusing mechanism is arranged inside and / or outside the CCD camera, and the focusing mechanism is used for adjusting the focus of the CCD camera according to the focus adjustment amount, the technical scheme can directly measure the focus adjustment amount of the CCD camera through the laser emitter and the plane detector, and the focus of the CCD camera is adjusted through the focusing mechanism, so that the focus of the CCD camera is in its depth of field, and the focusing efficiency of the CCD camera in the small depth of field detection process is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 The utility model provides a machine vision's detection system's front view structure schematic drawing for embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 The utility model provides a machine vision's detection system's three -dimensional structure schematic diagram for embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 The utility model provides a machine vision's detection system's side view structure schematic diagram for embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals: 1-CCD camera, 2-laser emitter, 3-plane detector, 4-focusing mechanism, 5-fixing plate, 6-fixing seat, 7-driving mechanism, 8-gantry, 9-transverse drive shaft, 10-longitudinal drive shaft, 11-range finder, 12-first adjusting mechanism, 13-rotary adjusting assembly, 14-pitch adjusting assembly, 15-second adjusting mechanism, 16-component to be detected, 17-rotating shaft, 18-platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machine vision detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The detection system includes a CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) camera 1, a laser emitter 2, a planar detector 3, and a focusing mechanism 4. Each component can be mounted on a vertically arranged fixed plate 5. A mounting base 6 can also be installed on the fixed plate 5. The mounting base 6 is used to mount the CCD camera 1. The CCD camera 1 can be mounted vertically or other structures can be used for mounting based on actual needs.

[0038] CCD camera 1 is used to perform machine vision inspection of the part 16 under inspection by taking pictures. CCD camera 1 quickly and accurately takes pictures of the part 16 under inspection according to the inspection process and parameter settings. The captured images contain rich details about the part 16 under inspection, such as shape, size, and surface texture. These images are then transmitted to the analysis terminal of the machine vision inspection system. The inspection software uses algorithms to perform in-depth processing and analysis of the images, comparing the actual features of the captured part 16 under inspection with pre-set standard parameters to determine whether the part has defects, whether its dimensions meet specifications, etc.

[0039] The laser emitter 2 is positioned on one side of the central axis of the CCD camera 1, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the laser emitter 2 is positioned to the left of the CCD camera 1. The laser emitter 2 emits a laser beam at a preset angle toward the target area of ​​the component 16 to be inspected. The target area is the area where the CCD camera 1 is directly photographing the component 16. The preset angle is an acute angle between the laser beam and the horizontal plane. Figure 1 As can be seen, since the laser beam is at an acute angle to the horizontal plane, it can be directly emitted to the imaging area directly in front of the CCD camera 1, which is the imaging area where the CCD camera 1 performs the imaging task.

[0040] Planar detector 3 is positioned on the opposite side of the central axis of CCD camera 1. Figure 1The right side of the CCD camera 1, the plane detector 3 is used to detect the reflected light beam generated by the laser beam, and output the focal length adjustment amount of the CCD camera 1 according to the detection position of the reflected light beam. The plane detector 3 is horizontally arranged on the side of the CCD camera 1, and the working surface of the plane detector 3 is arranged opposite to the component 16 to be detected. The specific type of the plane detector 3 can be selected based on actual needs, for example, a photodiode array detector, a charge coupled device detector, etc., which can detect the position of the reflected light beam through its plane structure. Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , the dotted line in the figure is the path of the laser beam, when the upper surface of the component 16 is at L1, the laser emitter 2 emits a laser beam to the A1 point of the upper surface L1 of the component 16 to be detected, and reflects to the A2 point of the plane detector 3. When the upper surface of the component 16 is at L2, the laser emitter 2 emits a laser beam to the B1 point of the upper surface L2 of the component 16 to be detected, and reflects to the B2 point of the plane detector 3. Therefore, the position change of the component 16 in the vertical direction can be directly mapped to the position of the reflected light beam received by the plane detector 3, and based on this corresponding relationship, it can be determined whether the component 16 is within the depth of field of the CCD camera 1.

[0041] The focusing mechanism 4 can be arranged inside and / or outside the CCD camera 1, and the focusing mechanism 4 is used to adjust the focal length of the CCD camera 1 according to the focal length adjustment amount, so that the focal length of the CCD camera 1 is within its depth of field. The internal focusing mechanism is usually integrated inside the camera lens assembly, and the focal length adjustment is realized by accurately controlling the position of the lens group inside the lens. The advantage of this arrangement is that it can minimize the interference of external factors on the focusing process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the focusing. Of course, a vertical moving Z-axis can also be provided, which can be configured as a ball screw structure, and a servo motor is used to drive it to adjust the position of the CCD camera 1 in the vertical direction. Further, the focusing mechanism can also be arranged inside and outside the CCD camera 1. When coarsely adjusting the focal length, an external electric pulse type focusing mechanism can be used to quickly adjust the approximate position of the lens; when finely adjusting the focal length, an internal electromagnetic drive type focusing mechanism can be used for accurate position adjustment, thereby realizing efficient and accurate focal length adjustment.

[0042] It can be understood that the depth of field of the CCD camera 1 for high-precision machine vision detection can only be tens of microns, when very small objects need to be detected with high precision, or the resolution of the object surface details is very high, in order to clearly capture the microstructure and defects, the single focusing amount is only a few microns, and if the focal length of the CCD camera 1 is adjusted multiple times, it will take a lot of time, thus resulting in low focusing efficiency. It is difficult to directly measure the distance between the target area and the CCD camera 1 through the ranging focusing mode, because the vertical laser ranging can only measure the distance as close to the target area as possible, and cannot directly measure the distance between the target area and the CCD camera 1. The technical scheme of the utility model can emit laser beams directly to the target area through the laser emitter 2, and the laser beams are reflected to the plane detector 3 through the target area. The reflection position of the laser beams received by the plane detector 3 determines the focal length adjustment amount of the CCD camera 1. This focusing mode does not need multiple small adjustments, and can achieve accurate focusing based on the focal length adjustment amount, thereby improving the focusing efficiency of the small-depth-of-field CCD camera 1.

[0043] It should be noted that the detection system can be applied to machine vision detection of multiple to-be-detected components 16 with height differences. Since there is a slight difference in the height of each to-be-detected component 16, after the detection of a single to-be-detected component 16 is completed, the new to-be-detected component 16 is placed, and the laser emitter 2, the plane detector 3 and the focusing mechanism can be used to implement fast and accurate focusing, thereby improving the focusing efficiency of the newly placed to-be-detected component 16.

[0044] Of course, the detection system can also be applied to machine vision detection of larger to-be-detected components 16. Based on this, the detection system further comprises a driving mechanism 7. The driving mechanism 7 is connected to the CCD camera 1, and is used to drive the CCD camera 1 to move, so that the CCD camera 1 performs a photographing task on different target areas of the to-be-detected component 16. Through the driving mechanism 7, the CCD camera 1 can be controlled to move based on a preset step distance, and a large range of detection can be performed on the to-be-detected component 16.

[0045] For example, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2A schematic diagram of the stereoscopic structure of the detection system is shown. The driving mechanism 7 includes a gantry 8, a transverse driving shaft 9 and a longitudinal driving shaft 10. The gantry 8 is arranged above a platform 18 supporting the component 16 to be detected, the transverse driving shaft 9 is installed on the gantry 8, the transverse driving shaft 9 is connected with the CCD camera 1, and the transverse driving shaft 9 is used to drive the CCD camera 1 to move transversely, i.e. in the X-axis direction shown in the figure. The driving direction of the longitudinal driving shaft 10 is perpendicular to the length direction of the gantry 8, the longitudinal driving shaft 10 is installed below the gantry 8, the longitudinal driving shaft 10 is connected with the platform 18 carrying the component 16 to be detected, and the longitudinal driving shaft 10 is used to drive the platform 18 to move longitudinally, i.e. in the Y-axis direction shown in the figure. This structure can reduce the overall space occupation and is suitable for machine vision detection of larger planar components 16 to be detected, such as screen plates for printing conductive paste, etc.

[0046] In actual application, for larger components 16 to be detected, since the detection surface is larger, if the parallelism between the component 16 to be detected and the CCD camera 1 is greatly different, it will affect the detection accuracy when machine vision detection is performed. Based on this, in a specific embodiment, the detection system further includes a first adjusting mechanism 12, a control terminal and at least one range finder 11.

[0047] The range finder 11 can be a laser range finder 11, which is arranged on the side of the CCD camera 1 and is used to measure the interval distance between the range finder 11 and the component 16 to be detected along the field of view direction of the CCD camera 1. The distance of multiple positions of the component 16 to be detected can be measured before the photographing task is performed, for example, the distance of four right-angle positions of the component 16 to be detected is measured, and the parallelism deviation between the CCD camera 1 and the component 16 to be detected can be obtained through multi-point distance measurement. The first adjusting mechanism 12 is connected with the CCD camera 1 or the platform 18 carrying the component 16 to be detected, and is used to adjust the parallelism between the CCD camera 1 and the component 16 to be detected.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side structure of the detection system is shown. The first adjusting mechanism 12 includes a rotation adjusting assembly 13 and a pitch adjusting assembly 14. The rotation adjusting assembly 13 can be configured as a motor rotation structure, which controls the rotation position of the motor by sending pulses to the motor. The rotation adjusting assembly 13 is connected with the CCD camera 1 and is used to adjust the rotation angle between the central axis of the CCD camera 1 and the vertical axis, i.e. the roll angle of the CCD camera 1. The pitch adjusting assembly 14 is connected with the rotation adjusting assembly 13 and is used to adjust the pitch angle of the rotation adjusting assembly 13. The pitch adjusting assembly 14 can be configured as a hinged structure, which is hinged with the focusing mechanism through a rotating shaft 17. A threaded adjusting structure is installed on a vertical positioning plate, which is driven by a motor or manually to realize different pitch angle adjustments.

[0049] The control terminal can be configured as a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or an industrial computer, and is connected with the distance meter 11 and the first adjusting mechanism 12, and is configured to determine the parallelism deviation between the CCD camera 1 and the component 16 to be detected according to the interval distances of the plurality of positions, and control the first adjusting mechanism 12 to adjust the parallelism between the CCD camera 1 and the component 16 to be detected according to the parallelism deviation, so that the parallelism is within a preset range. The interval distances of the plurality of positions can be used to determine the non-parallelism of the CCD camera 1 and the component 16 to be detected in the main view direction and the side view direction through trigonometric analysis, and then the adjustment amount of the rotation angle and the adjustment amount of the pitch angle are obtained, and the parallelism between the CCD camera 1 and the component 16 to be detected is within the preset range through corresponding adjustment of the rotation adjusting assembly 13 and the pitch adjusting assembly 14.

[0050] In actual application, the laser beam needs to be emitted at different preset angles for different heights of the component 16 to be detected, and if the preset angle is not properly set, the laser beam may not be reflected in the target area. Based on this, in a specific embodiment, the detection system further comprises a second adjusting mechanism 15 connected with the laser emitter 2, and the second adjusting mechanism 15 is configured to adjust the installation angle of the laser emitter 2.

[0051] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second adjusting mechanism 15 can be a rotating code disc structure comprising scales, or a waist-shaped hole can be formed on the mounting plate of the laser emitter 2, the mounting plate is rotatably connected with the fixed plate 5, the waist-shaped hole is arranged around the rotation point, a fastener is arranged in the waist-shaped hole, the fastener is locked by rotating the mounting plate, and the installation angle of the laser emitter 2 is adjusted. In order to facilitate adjustment, the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 2 is configured as visible light, and whether the laser beam is reflected in the target area can be observed through the visible light.

[0052] Based on the same technical concept as the detection system, the utility model embodiment further provides a detection device, which comprises any of the above detection systems.

[0053] The technical scheme provided in the utility model embodiment has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0054] The utility model discloses a technical scheme including CCD camera, laser transmitter, plane detector and focusing mechanism, and CCD camera is used for the photographing task of the machine vision detection of the component to be detected, laser transmitter is arranged on the one side of the central axis of CCD camera, and laser transmitter is used for emitting laser beam to the target area of the component to be detected with the preset angle, and the target area is the photographing area of the component to be detected opposite to CCD camera, plane detector is arranged on the other side of the central axis of CCD camera, and plane detector is used for detecting the reflection light beam generated by laser beam, and the focus adjustment amount of CCD camera is output according to the detection position of reflection light beam, and focusing mechanism is arranged inside and / or outside CCD camera, and focusing mechanism is used for adjusting the focus of CCD camera according to the focus adjustment amount. The technical scheme can directly measure the focus adjustment amount of CCD camera through laser transmitter and plane detector, and the focus of CCD camera is adjusted through focusing mechanism, so that the focus of CCD camera is in its depth of field, and the focusing efficiency of CCD camera in small depth of field detection is improved.

[0055] In the present application, unless specifically defined and limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0057] In the present application, unless specifically defined and limited otherwise, the terms "connection", "fixing", etc. should be understood broadly, for example, "fixing" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; "connection" can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] Also, the descriptions "first", "second", etc. as used in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and do not imply or suggest any relative importance or an implied order of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless specifically and explicitly limited otherwise.

Claims

1. A machine vision inspection system, characterized by, The detection system comprises: a CCD camera for performing a photographing task of machine vision detection on a component to be detected; a laser emitter arranged on one side of a central axis of the CCD camera, the laser emitter being configured to emit a laser beam at a preset angle to a target region of the component to be detected, the target region being a photographing region of the CCD camera facing the component to be detected; a planar detector arranged on the other side of the central axis of the CCD camera, the planar detector being configured to detect a reflected light beam generated by the laser beam and output a focal length adjustment amount of the CCD camera according to a detection position of the reflected light beam; a focusing mechanism arranged inside and / or outside the CCD camera, the focusing mechanism being configured to adjust the focal length of the CCD camera according to the focal length adjustment amount, so that the focal length of the CCD camera is within a depth of field thereof.

2. The machine vision inspection system of claim 1, wherein, The detection system further comprises: a driving mechanism connected to the CCD camera, the driving mechanism being configured to drive the CCD camera to move, so that the CCD camera performs the photographing task on different target regions of the component to be detected.

3. The machine vision inspection system of claim 2, wherein, The driving mechanism comprises: a gantry frame; a transverse driving shaft mounted on the gantry frame, the transverse driving shaft being connected to the CCD camera, the transverse driving shaft being configured to drive the CCD camera to move transversely.

4. The machine vision inspection system of claim 3, wherein, The driving mechanism further comprises: a longitudinal driving shaft mounted below the gantry frame, the longitudinal driving shaft being connected to a platform carrying the component to be detected, the longitudinal driving shaft being configured to drive the platform to move longitudinally.

5. The machine vision inspection system of claim 1, wherein, The detection system further comprises: at least one range finder arranged on a side of the CCD camera, the range finder being configured to measure a separation distance between the range finder and the component to be detected along a field of view direction of the CCD camera; a first adjustment mechanism connected to the CCD camera or the platform carrying the component to be detected, the first adjustment mechanism being configured to adjust parallelism between the CCD camera and the component to be detected; a control terminal connected to the range finder and the first adjustment mechanism, the control terminal being configured to determine a parallelism deviation between the CCD camera and the component to be detected according to separation distances at multiple positions, and control the first adjustment mechanism to adjust the parallelism between the CCD camera and the component to be detected according to the parallelism deviation, so that the parallelism is within a preset range.

6. The machine vision inspection system of claim 5, wherein, The first adjustment mechanism comprises: a rotation adjustment assembly connected to the CCD camera, the rotation adjustment assembly being configured to adjust a rotation angle between a central axis of the CCD camera and a vertical axis; a pitch adjustment assembly connected to the rotation adjustment assembly, the pitch adjustment assembly being configured to adjust a pitch angle of the rotation adjustment assembly.

7. The machine vision inspection system of claim 1, wherein The detection system further comprises: a second adjustment mechanism connected to the laser emitter, the second adjustment mechanism being configured to adjust an installation angle of the laser emitter.

8. The machine vision inspection system of claim 1, wherein, The laser beam emitted by the laser emitter is visible light.

9. The machine vision inspection system of claim 1, wherein, The planar detector is arranged horizontally on a side of the CCD camera, and a working surface of the planar detector is arranged opposite to the component to be detected.

10. A detection device, characterized by The apparatus comprises a detection system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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