Waveguide transmission line for E-plane and H-plane conversion
By designing a right-angle turning structure between the E-plane waveguide channel, the H-plane waveguide channel, and the transition cavity, the problem that rectangular waveguides cannot achieve EH-plane conversion was solved, realizing efficient polarization conversion and low-loss transmission.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Rectangular waveguides cannot achieve the conversion between the E-plane and the H-plane, and existing twisted waveguides are difficult to fabricate, inspect, and integrate.
Design a right-angle turning structure connecting the E-plane waveguide channel, the H-plane waveguide channel, and the transition cavity. The polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is converted through the transition cavity, and the electric field vector is deflected by 90° by reasonably designing the width and length of the transition cavity.
It achieves EH plane conversion of electromagnetic waves, with high transmission coefficient, low return loss, and simple structure that is easy to process and integrate.
Smart Images
Figure CN224053381U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waveguide transmission line especially relates to a waveguide transmission line of E face and H face conversion. BACKGROUND
[0002] Waveguide is a common transmission line, especially in the signal transmission field of millimeter wave frequency band has wide application, according to shape characteristics can be divided into rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, ridge waveguide etc.. Compared with microstrip transmission line, the advantages of rectangular waveguide mainly include low loss, high power capacity, mechanical strength is big, heat dissipation is good and shielding performance is excellent.
[0003] Substrate integrated waveguide is a new type of waveguide, it is covered with metal on the upper and lower surfaces of dielectric layer, and periodic metalized via holes are loaded on both sides of the transmission direction to realize equivalent electric wall, rectangular waveguide transmission scenario is simulated. The transmission mode of substrate integrated waveguide is same as rectangular waveguide, but the internal electromagnetic wave is transmitted in dielectric, which produces dielectric loss, compared with rectangular waveguide, the transmission efficiency of substrate integrated waveguide is lower, and there is a certain degree of electromagnetic wave leakage problem.
[0004] Rectangular waveguide and other waveguide transmission lines can realize the change of propagation direction by line bending, but cannot realize the conversion of E face and H face.
[0005] In practical application, radar or other systems suitable for waveguide transmission line using waveguide antenna often involve waveguide conversion of E face and H face due to the layout mode limitation of chips and other devices. The commonly used waveguide conversion transition structure of E face and H face is twist waveguide, its characteristics are that the wide and narrow directions of both ends are interchanged by 90°, the polarization direction changes by 90° after the electromagnetic wave is transmitted through the twist waveguide, the conversion of E face and H face is realized, and the propagation direction is unchanged. The length of twist waveguide is large, and the processing technology requirement is high, in actual engineering application, it faces the problems of not easy to process, not easy to detect size and not easy to integrate. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0006] The main purpose of the utility model is to solve the technical problem that rectangular waveguide cannot realize the conversion of E face and H face in high integration system. A waveguide transmission line of E face and H face conversion includes:
[0007] E face waveguide channel, H face waveguide channel and transition cavity;
[0008] The E face waveguide channel, H face waveguide channel and transition cavity are interconnected;
[0009] The E face waveguide channel, transition cavity and H face waveguide channel form a through cavity of right angle turning.
[0010] As a preferred technical scheme, the E-plane waveguide channel, the H-plane waveguide channel and the transition cavity jointly form a continuous electromagnetic wave transmission path, and the electromagnetic wave transmission path is used for polarization direction conversion from E-plane to H-plane.
[0011] As a preferred technical scheme, the E-plane waveguide channel has a wide side length A1 and a narrow side length B1, the H-plane waveguide channel has a wide side length A2 and a narrow side length B2, and the transition cavity has a width W, a length L and a height A1-B2.
[0012] As a preferred technical scheme, the width W of the transition cavity is in a range of [0.5B1, B1], wherein B1 is the narrow side length of the E-plane waveguide channel.
[0013] As a preferred technical scheme, the length L of the transition cavity is in a range of [0.2A2, 0.5A2], wherein A2 is the wide side length of the H-plane waveguide channel.
[0014] As a preferred technical scheme, the upper surface of the transition cavity is in the same plane as the lower surface of the H-plane waveguide channel, and the lower surface of the transition cavity is in the same plane as the lower surface of the E-plane waveguide channel.
[0015] As a preferred technical scheme, the turning connection formed by the connection of the E-plane waveguide channel and the H-plane waveguide channel is a chamfer, and the chamfer radius is 0.01B1-B1.
[0016] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The utility model provides a kind of E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line comprising E-plane waveguide channel, H-plane waveguide channel and transition cavity.E-plane waveguide channel and H-plane waveguide channel are connected to form the through cavity of right-angle turning, and this simple connection without other transition device structure can lead to mode mismatch, and lead to lower transmission coefficient.The utility model is provided with transition cavity at right-angle turning, and the electric field vector of electromagnetic wave transmitted in E-plane or H-plane waveguide channel will be deflected when passing through transition cavity, by reasonably designing the width and length of transition cavity, it can make that electric field vector is deflected 90 ° after electromagnetic wave passes through right-angle turning, complete E-H plane conversion of electromagnetic wave, and transmission coefficient is high, and echo loss is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is the external structure schematic diagram of the waveguide transmission line of E-H plane conversion that the utility model proposes;
[0019] Figure 2 It is the internal cavity structure schematic diagram of the waveguide transmission line of E-H plane conversion that the utility model proposes;
[0020] Figure 3 is the internal cavity structure plan view of the E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line provided by the utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 is the internal cavity structure side view of the E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line provided by the utility model;
[0022] Figure 5 is the transmission loss simulation result of the E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line provided by the utility model;
[0023] Figure 6 is the reflection coefficient simulation result of the E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line provided by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated element must have a particular orientation, be constructed or operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.
[0025] An E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line, comprising: an E-plane waveguide channel 1, an H-plane waveguide channel 2 and a transition cavity 3; the E-plane waveguide channel 1, the H-plane waveguide channel 2 and the transition cavity 3 are in communication with each other.
[0026] The E-plane waveguide channel, the transition cavity and the H-plane waveguide channel form a through cavity with a right-angle turn.
[0027] As Figures 1-4 shown, the embodiment one of the utility model provides a kind of E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line, which waveguide transmission line includes E-plane waveguide channel 1, H-plane waveguide channel 2 and transition cavity 3.The E-plane waveguide channel 1 is connected with H-plane waveguide channel 2 and forms the through cavity with right-angle turn, and E-plane waveguide channel 1 and H-plane waveguide channel 2 are connected and are provided with outside turn surface 22, inside turn surface 23 and transition cavity 3 in the turn connection, the upper surface of the transition cavity 3 is connected with the lower surface of H-plane waveguide channel 2, the lower surface of the transition cavity is in the same plane with E-plane waveguide channel lower surface 12, the transition cavity is connected with outside turn surface 22, and the transition cavity is interconnected with E-plane waveguide channel and H-plane waveguide channel and forms through cavity.
[0028] Specifically, the transition cavity functions as impedance matching and mode conversion, and when the electromagnetic wave passes through the transition cavity, the electric field vector will rotate, and by reasonably designing the width and length of the transition cavity, the impedance matching of the E-plane waveguide channel 1 and the H-plane waveguide channel 2 can be realized, and based on the right-angle turning through cavity formed by the connection of the E-plane waveguide channel and the H-plane waveguide channel and the transition cavity, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave entering from the E-plane or H-plane waveguide channel can be changed by 90°, and the polarization conversion is completed.
[0029] Specifically, the upper surface 11 of the E-plane waveguide channel 1 and the upper surface 21 of the H-plane waveguide channel 2 are in the same plane, the wide edge length of the E-plane waveguide channel 1 is A1, the narrow edge length is B1, the wide edge length of the H-plane waveguide channel 2 is A2, and the narrow edge length is B2.
[0030] Specifically, the transition cavity 3 extends from the plane where one wide edge of the E-plane waveguide channel 1 is located along the electromagnetic wave transmission direction in the H-plane waveguide channel 2, and the extension direction is away from the E-plane waveguide channel 1.
[0031] Specifically, the width of the transition cavity 3 is W, the length is L, and the height is A1-B2, adjusting the width W and the length L of the transition cavity can change the characteristic impedance of the E-H plane conversion waveguide transmission line proposed by the utility model, so as to adjust the matching condition of the waveguide transmission line to change the transmission coefficient, the value range of W is 0.5B1-B1, and the value range of L is 0.2A2-0.5A2.
[0032] More specifically, in the embodiment, A1 is 2.54mm, B1 is 1.27mm, A2 is 3.1mm, B1 is 1.55mm, W is 1.1mm, and L is 1mm.
[0033] Specifically, during actual processing and manufacturing, the turning connection formed by the connection of the E-plane waveguide channel 1 and the H-plane waveguide channel 2 can be chamfered according to process requirements, and the chamfer radius is 0.01B1-B1.
[0034] Working principle:
[0035] When the electromagnetic wave enters the transition cavity from the E-plane waveguide:
[0036] Electric field redirection: the width and length of the transition cavity adjust the phase delay of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electric field direction gradually rotates from perpendicular to the wide edge to parallel to the wide edge.
[0037] Mode matching: the height compensates for the size difference between the two ends of the waveguide, ensures the continuity of the electromagnetic field distribution, and suppresses the generation of high-order modes.
[0038] Impedance matching: the size range of the transition cavity optimizes the waveguide characteristic impedance:
[0039] Adjusting W and L of the transition cavity can improve the impedance mismatch problem of the two waveguides, thereby reducing the reflection loss.
[0040] Figure 5 The simulation result of the transmission loss of the waveguide transmission line of the E-H plane conversion in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in the figure, and it can be seen from the figure that the transmission loss is less than 0.1 dB within the working frequency band 76-79 GHz.
[0041] Figure 6 The simulation result of the reflection coefficient of the waveguide transmission line of the E-H plane conversion in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in the figure, and it can be seen from the figure that the reflection coefficient is less than-20 dB within the working frequency band 76-79 GHz, and the reflection coefficient can reach-48 dB at the center frequency point 77.5 GHz.
[0042] The utility model discloses a kind of waveguide transmission lines of E-H plane conversion, innovatively use transition cavity to carry out impedance matching and mode conversion, can make the polarization direction of electromagnetic wave change 90 °, and small and exquisite, simple structure, easy to process and system integration, with the advantage of transmission coefficient is high, echo loss is low, this design can be adapted to rectangular waveguide of all sizes, tuning process is convenient and fast.
[0043] The above-described and the above embodiment are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the utility model, rather than limit it; although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical scheme recorded in the foregoing each embodiment, or equivalent replacement is carried out to part of technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of corresponding technical scheme deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of each embodiment of the utility model.
Claims
1. An E-plane to H-plane transition waveguide transmission line, characterized by, Include: E-plane waveguide channel (1); H-plane waveguide channel (2) and transition cavity (3); The E-plane waveguide channel (1), H-plane waveguide channel (2) and transition cavity (3) are communicated with each other; The E-plane waveguide channel (1), transition cavity (3), H-plane waveguide channel (2) form a through cavity of right angle turn.
2. The waveguide transmission line of claim 1, wherein, The E-plane waveguide channel (1), H-plane waveguide channel (2) and transition cavity (3) form a continuous electromagnetic wave transmission path, and the electromagnetic wave transmission path is used for polarization direction conversion from E-plane to H-plane.
3. The waveguide transmission line of claim 1, wherein, The wide side length of the E-plane waveguide channel (1) is A1, the narrow side length is B1, the wide side length of the H-plane waveguide channel (2) is A2, the narrow side length is B2, the width of the transition cavity (3) is W, the length is L, and the height is A1-B2.
4. The E- to H-plane transition waveguide transmission line of claim 3, wherein, The width W of the transition cavity (3) is in the range of [0.5B1, B1].
5. The E- to H-plane transition waveguide transmission line of claim 4, wherein, The length L of the transition cavity (3) is in the range of [0.2A2, 0.5A2].
6. The E- to H-plane transition waveguide transmission line of claim 1, wherein, The upper surface of the transition cavity (3) and the lower surface of the H-plane waveguide channel (2) are in the same plane, and the lower surface of the transition cavity (3) and the lower surface of the E-plane waveguide channel (1) are in the same plane.
7. The waveguide transmission line of claim 1, wherein, The turning connection formed by the E-plane waveguide channel (1) and the H-plane waveguide channel (2) is chamfered, and the chamfer radius is 0.01B1~B1.
8. The E- to H-plane transition waveguide transmission line of claim 1, wherein, The upper surface (11) of the E-plane waveguide channel (1) and the upper surface (21) of the H-plane waveguide channel (2) are in the same plane.