Air source heat pump cold and warm bath triple co-generation integral unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air source heat pump cold and warm bath triple co-generation integral unit, which comprises a compressor, an evaporator, an evaporator, a cold and warm bath heat pump, a cold and warm bath heat pump, a cold and warm bath heat pump, a cold and warm bath heat pump and a cold and warm bath heat pump, an outlet of the compressor is communicated with a heat recoverer, and an inlet of the compressor is communicated with the gas-liquid separator; the four-way valve is provided with four ports, the four ports are communicated with one another and are connected with the heat recoverer, the air side heat exchanger, the shell and tube heat exchanger and the separator, the air side heat exchanger realizes heat exchange, a first port of the air side heat exchanger is communicated with a port B of the four-way valve, and a second port of the air side heat exchanger is connected with the one-way valve group; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a water outlet and a water inlet, conducts heat exchange on liquid in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and communicates with a port C of the four-way valve and the one-way valve set. The utility model has the beneficial effects that the device is not easy to damage, is universal in south and north, saves energy, and makes full use of air energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air conditioning equipment technology, and in particular to an integrated air source heat pump unit that combines cooling, heating, and bathing. Background Technology

[0002] Air conditioning provides heating, cooling, and a reliable supply of domestic hot water, essential for people's daily lives and work. In low-temperature environments, the most direct way to meet domestic hot water needs is through coal-fired water heaters, electric water heaters, and solar water heaters. In northern regions, underfloor heating is typically used for winter heating, either through centralized municipal heating or household wall-mounted boilers. Household air conditioners are generally ineffective for heating. In low-temperature areas, air-source heat pump water heating systems can generally only provide domestic hot water or heating. During the summer, air conditioning is the primary means of cooling. However, existing heat pump units have limited functionality, resulting in high user costs and equipment waste. Therefore, there is a growing demand for integrated air conditioning and hot water systems, moving away from traditional air conditioning for both cooling and heating.

[0003] In addition, these systems often require large heat collection, storage and conversion equipment, resulting in high initial investment and maintenance costs. They may also be limited by geographical location and seasonal changes, making it difficult to achieve universal compatibility between the north and south. In particular, their performance and efficiency will be significantly reduced in the winter in the north, making it impossible to provide a stable supply of heat, cold and domestic hot water.

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application proposes an air source heat pump combined cooling, heating, and hot water system, aiming to provide a solution that can provide cooling, heating, and domestic hot water, and maintain efficient and stable operation even in low-temperature environments. Compared with existing technologies, this solution has a simpler system structure, is less prone to damage, is applicable in both northern and southern regions, effectively solves the energy supply problem in low-temperature areas, and is easy to operate and use. It achieves high efficiency and integration of combined cooling, heating, and power, improves energy utilization efficiency, reduces user investment costs, and reduces equipment waste, thus having significant practical application value and broad application prospects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an air source heat pump integrated unit that is not easily damaged, can be used in both northern and southern regions, and simplifies the process.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: an air source heat pump combined cooling, heating and bathing unit, including: a compressor for compressing gas, including an outlet and an inlet, and the outlet of the compressor is connected to a heat recovery unit;

[0007] The four-way valve has port A connected to the compressor via the heat recovery unit, port B connected to the air-side heat exchanger, port C connected to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the last port D connected to the separator.

[0008] An air-side heat exchanger, used for heat exchange on the air side, includes a first port and a second port connected together, the first port being connected to port B of a four-way valve and the second port being connected to a one-way valve assembly.

[0009] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including an outlet and an inlet, exchanges heat with the internal liquid. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to port C of a four-way valve and a check valve assembly, respectively.

[0010] The one-way valve assembly is a ring valve assembly that is connected to the air-side heat exchanger, shell-and-tube heat exchanger, expansion valve, and liquid receiver.

[0011] The separator separates gas and liquid, and includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor, and the outlet of the separator is connected to port D of the four-way valve.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a drying filter and a sight glass are also provided between the liquid reservoir and the expansion valve.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the one-way valve group includes valve A, valve B, valve C, and valve D; valve A and valve C are connected to the second port of the air-side heat exchanger, valve B and valve D are connected to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a liquid reservoir is connected between valve A and valve B, and an expansion valve is connected between valve C and valve D.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the shell and tube heat exchanger is a fluorine-water heat exchanger, which is connected to the outlet of the compressor and does not require solenoid valve control.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the expansion valve is a thermostatic expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the air-side heat exchanger includes copper tubes and finned structures, which together improve heat transfer efficiency.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the liquid storage device is a pressure vessel with a working pressure of 10 MPa or higher.

[0018] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) It is more energy-efficient and the overall circuit valve assembly is simple and can be used in both the north and south.

[0020] Current air-source combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems often have large heat collection, storage, and conversion equipment, resulting in high investment and maintenance costs. Furthermore, they are difficult to implement universally in both northern and southern regions. In northern winters, their performance and efficiency significantly decrease, failing to provide a stable supply of heat, cold, and domestic hot water. This solution adds a refrigerant-water heat exchanger at the compressor exhaust port, which is not controlled by a solenoid valve. The overall valve assembly of this solution is simple and uncomplicated, universally applicable in both northern and southern regions, and less prone to damage, thus simplifying the process and making refrigeration more energy-efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air source heat pump combined cooling, heating, and bathing unit of this utility model;

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Compressor, 2-Heat recovery unit, 3-Four-way valve, 4-Air-side heat exchanger, 5-Shell-tube heat exchanger, 6-Separator, 7-Valve A, 8-Valve B, 9-Valve C, 10-Valve D, 11-Liquid receiver, 12-Filter, 13-Sight glass, 14-Expansion valve. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0024] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "left" and "right" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of this invention is usually placed in during use, or the orientation or positional relationship that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Such terms are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0026] Therefore, based on the above issues, please refer to Figure 1 This utility model proposes an integrated air-source heat pump unit for heating, cooling, and bathing to solve the problem.

[0027] See Figure 1 The proposed implementation scheme provides an integrated air source heat pump unit for heating, cooling, and bathing, including a compressor, a four-way valve, an air-side heat exchanger, and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0028] Among them, see Figure 1The compressor includes an outlet and an inlet; it converts low-pressure gas into high-pressure gas. It draws low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas from the evaporator, compresses and increases the gas's temperature and pressure, and then discharges high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas through the outlet. The compressor outlet is connected to a heat recovery unit, and the compressor inlet is connected to a gas-liquid separator. A four-way valve has four interconnected ports: port A, port B, port C, and port D. Port A is the main port, connected to the heat recovery unit and then to the compressor outlet. Port B is connected to the air-side heat exchanger and is mainly used in cooling mode. Port C is connected to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and is used in heating mode. Port D is connected to the separator. The separator primarily achieves two-phase separation of gas and liquid. Its inlet is connected to the compressor inlet, and its outlet is connected to port D of the four-way valve. The air-side heat exchanger facilitates heat exchange and includes a first port and a second port. The first port connects to port B of the four-way valve, and the second port connects to a check valve assembly. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes an outlet and an inlet, primarily used to prepare domestic hot water while the air conditioning pump unit provides cooling or heating. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger exchanges heat with its internal liquid and is connected to port C of the four-way valve and the check valve assembly. The check valve assembly includes valves A, B, C, and D. The check valve assembly is an annular valve assembly, and both the air-side heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger are connected to the check valve assembly.

[0029] Existing integrated air conditioning and hot water systems often require large heat collection, storage, and conversion equipment, resulting in high initial investment and maintenance costs. Furthermore, they may be limited by geographical location and seasonal variations, making them unsuitable for both northern and southern applications. Especially in northern winters, their performance and efficiency significantly decrease, failing to provide a stable heat source, cold source, and domestic hot water. This solution addresses this by adding an equivalent amount of refrigerant-water heat exchanger to the exhaust port of one compressor in an ultra-low temperature air source heat pump chiller / hot water unit. This heat exchanger is not controlled by a solenoid valve. The overall valve system of this solution has few connections, is less prone to damage, and is compatible with both northern and southern applications, simplifying the process and ensuring efficient and stable operation even in low-temperature environments.

[0030] In this embodiment, for the one-way valve group circuit, the annular valve group is also connected in parallel with an expansion valve circuit. The expansion valve circuit is connected in sequence with a reservoir, a filter, a sight glass, and an expansion valve. One end of the reservoir is connected to the filter, and the other end is connected to the one-way valve group. One end of the expansion valve is connected to the sight glass, and the other end is connected to the one-way valve group, thereby connecting the expansion valve circuit in parallel with the one-way valve group circuit.

[0031] Furthermore, the second port of the air-side heat exchanger is connected between valves A and C in the one-way valve group, and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected between valves B and D. A liquid receiver is connected between valves A and B, and an expansion valve is connected between valves C and D. The air conditioning pump group can be cooled or heated by controlling the one-way valve group, which is very simple and easy to operate.

[0032] It should be noted that the liquid receiver is a high-pressure liquid receiver. By storing liquid, the high-pressure liquid receiver prevents liquid refrigerant from directly entering the compressor, thus avoiding the risk of liquid slugging. Furthermore, when the load of the entire unit system changes, the liquid receiver can adjust the refrigerant circulation volume, thereby ensuring the stability of the liquid supply to the entire system.

[0033] Furthermore, the liquid receiver is a pressure vessel and its operating pressure is above 10 MPa.

[0034] In this embodiment, the expansion valve used in this solution is a thermostatic expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve. The expansion valve mainly functions to throttle and reduce pressure, and can also regulate the refrigerant flow rate and maintain the appropriate superheat of the system, thereby preventing system failure.

[0035] Furthermore, for the air-side heat exchanger, it includes copper tubes and fins, which are generally reinforced aluminum fins. The heat transfer efficiency is improved by tightly combining the two. The air-side heat exchanger is installed in the refrigeration module unit and performs heat exchange on the air side.

[0036] In cooling mode, the high-temperature refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor condenses into a liquid phase in the air-side heat exchanger. After being depressurized and throttled, it returns to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for evaporation. The evaporated refrigerant gas then returns to the compressor, thus completing a complete refrigeration cycle. In heating mode, the high-temperature refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor is called a liquid phase in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. It also enters the air-side heat exchanger after being depressurized and throttled, and then returns to the compressor, completing the heating cycle.

[0037] In this embodiment, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger used in this solution is a fluorine-water heat exchanger. This shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the compressor and does not require solenoid valve control. It uses the inner wall surface of the tube bundle as the heat transfer surface, so that two fluids at different temperatures can exchange heat without contacting each other. When the high-temperature fluid passes through the tube side, it transfers heat to the tube wall. At the same time, the low-temperature fluid flows in the shell side and absorbs heat through the tube wall, thereby achieving the purpose of heating or cooling.

[0038] An air source heat pump combined cooling, heating, and bathing unit operates as follows: including the following steps: Step S1: First, the compressor is driven by the power supply to compress the gas, which then passes through the heat recovery unit to the four-way valve;

[0039] Step S2: Select the refrigerant circulation path according to the cooling or heating target; Step S21: During cooling operation, the refrigerant circulation path is as follows: after passing through the compressor to the four-way valve, open the pipe connecting the four-way valve to the air-side heat exchanger, and open valves A and D. The refrigerant passes through the air-side heat exchanger and then through valve A to the receiver, then sequentially through the dryer filter, expansion valve, and valve D to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and finally through the four-way valve to the separator, returning to the compressor to complete one cycle; Step S22: During heating operation, the refrigerant circulation path is as follows: after passing through the compressor to the four-way valve, open the pipe connecting the four-way valve to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and open valves B and C. The refrigerant passes through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and then through valve B to the receiver, then sequentially through the dryer filter, expansion valve, and valve C to the air-side heat exchanger, and finally through the four-way valve to the separator, returning to the compressor to complete one cycle;

[0040] Step S3: Under the cooling or heating operation mode, whether to activate the hot water pump to select whether to produce domestic water; that is, the unit system has five modes: cooling mode, heating mode, cooling + domestic water mode, heating + domestic water mode, and domestic water production mode alone.

[0041] The above hardware system constitutes a closed refrigerant circulation system. During operation, the equipment can realize five different working modes according to its usage requirements. The following is a detailed description of these working modes of the present invention.

[0042] I. Cooling Mode

[0043] When cooling in summer, the operating mode of this application is a single cooling mode. The workflow is as follows: The compressor starts running and compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, with a maximum temperature of 125°C. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through the four-way valve and then through the air-side heat exchanger, and then through the one-way valve back to the liquid receiver. The liquid receiver stores a small portion of the liquid refrigerant, while most of the gaseous refrigerant is further cleaned of impurities as it flows through the filter, thereby enhancing the stability of the system. Due to the throttling effect of the thermostatic expansion valve, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant, with a minimum temperature of -25°C. The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through the one-way valve group to the shell and tube heat exchanger. The water in the air conditioning piping system exchanges with the -25°C low-temperature refrigerant due to the temperature difference. The water temperature is continuously reduced and then flows back to the air conditioning terminal for air conditioning cooling. Subsequently, it returns to the compressor through the four-way valve and the gas-liquid separator. This cycle repeats continuously to achieve the purpose of air conditioning cooling.

[0044] II. Heating Mode

[0045] During winter heating, the operating mode of this invention is a single heating mode: the compressor runs and the four-way valve is opened, connecting the compressor to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Simultaneously, the expansion valve is opened, compressing the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, with a maximum temperature of 115°C. This high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant releases heat as it flows through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger after passing through the four-way valve. It then flows through a one-way valve to the receiver, which stores a small portion of the liquid refrigerant. Most of the gaseous refrigerant passes through a filter, where impurities are further removed, enhancing system stability. The system adjusts the opening of the expansion valve according to changes in the outdoor low-temperature environment, primarily to stabilize the compressor's exhaust temperature and improve heat exchange efficiency. The filtered high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant returns to the air-side heat exchanger via the expansion valve and a one-way valve, then returns to the compressor's injection port via the four-way valve and enters the compressor again. This cycle repeats continuously, achieving the heating or cooling requirements in low-temperature environments.

[0046] III. Single-system domestic water supply mode

[0047] When the compressor starts running, in a low-temperature environment of -25°C, the compressor compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, with a maximum temperature of 105°C. As the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through the four-way valve to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the hot water pump continuously circulates the water in the tank to the refrigerant-water shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The room-temperature water and the high-temperature refrigerant in the refrigerant-water shell-and-tube heat exchanger exchange heat due to the temperature difference. The room-temperature water is continuously heated and then returns to the tank.

[0048] IV. Combined Cooling and Domestic Water Use Mode

[0049] When both cooling and domestic hot water are needed, the working process of this application is as follows: Compressor 1 starts running and compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. As the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through the four-way valve to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the hot water pump continuously circulates water from the water tank to the refrigerant-water shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The room-temperature water exchanges heat with the high-temperature refrigerant in the refrigerant-water shell-and-tube heat exchanger due to the temperature difference. The room-temperature water is continuously heated and then returns to the water tank. Simultaneously, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through the four-way valve to the air-side heat exchanger, and then through the one-way valve back to the liquid receiver. The liquid receiver receives a small portion of the liquid refrigerant. During storage, most of the gaseous refrigerant undergoes further cleaning of impurities as it flows through the filter, thereby enhancing system stability. Due to throttling by the thermostatic expansion valve, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is transformed into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant, with a minimum temperature reaching -25°C. The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through a one-way valve assembly to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, where water in the air conditioning piping system exchanges temperature with the -25°C low-temperature refrigerant. The water temperature is continuously reduced before flowing back to the air conditioning terminal for refrigeration, and then returns to the compressor through a four-way valve and a gas-liquid separator.

[0050] V. Mixed mode for heating and domestic hot water

[0051] When heating is required while preparing domestic hot water, compressor 1 starts running and compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. This high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through a four-way valve to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. A hot water pump continuously circulates water from the tank to the refrigerant-water shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The room-temperature water exchanges heat with the high-temperature refrigerant in the heat exchanger due to the temperature difference, and the room-temperature water is continuously heated before returning to the tank. Simultaneously, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant releases heat as it flows through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger after passing through the four-way valve. It then flows through a one-way valve to the receiver, which stores a small portion of the liquid refrigerant. Most of the gaseous refrigerant passes through a filter, where impurities are further removed, enhancing system stability. At this time, the system adjusts the opening of the expansion valve according to changes in the outdoor low-temperature environment. Its main function is to stabilize the compressor's exhaust temperature and improve heat exchange efficiency. The filtered high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passes through the expansion valve and then through the check valve back to the air-side heat exchanger. It then passes through the four-way valve back to the compressor's injection port and enters the compressor.

[0052] Current air-source combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems often involve large-scale heat collection, storage, and conversion equipment, resulting in high investment and maintenance costs. They are also limited by geographical location and seasonal variations, making them unsuitable for both northern and southern applications. Especially in northern winters, their performance and efficiency significantly decrease, failing to provide a stable supply of heat, cold, and domestic hot water. To address these issues, this solution adds a refrigerant-water heat exchanger to the compressor exhaust port of an ultra-low temperature air-source heat pump chiller unit. This exchanger is not controlled by a solenoid valve, and the valve connections in the overall system circuit are simple and not easily damaged. It is suitable for both northern and southern applications, simplifying the system and improving cooling efficiency. While preparing domestic hot water, it also contributes to energy savings in cooling. During heating, it utilizes the compressor's idle period, fully leveraging air energy.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An air source heat pump cooling, heating and bathing triple supply integrated unit, characterized in that, The application relates to a refrigeration system, which comprises: a compressor for compressing gas, which comprises an outlet and an inlet, and the outlet of the compressor is connected with a heat recovery device; a four-way valve, the port A of the four-way valve is connected with the compressor through the heat recovery device, the port B of the four-way valve is connected with an air-side heat exchanger, the port C of the four-way valve is connected with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the port D of the four-way valve is connected with a separator; the air-side heat exchanger is used for air-side heat exchange, and comprises a first port and a second port, the first port of the air-side heat exchanger is connected with the port B of the four-way valve, and the second port of the air-side heat exchanger is connected with a one-way valve group; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used for liquid heat exchange, and comprises a water outlet and a water inlet, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected with the port C of the four-way valve and the one-way valve group; the one-way valve group is an annular valve group, and is connected with the air-side heat exchanger, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, an expansion valve and a liquid accumulator; the separator is used for separating gas and liquid, and comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor, and the outlet of the separator is connected with the port D of the four-way valve.

2. The air source heat pump heating, cooling and bathing triple-combined integral unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drying filter and a sight glass are arranged between the liquid accumulator and the expansion valve.

3. The air source heat pump heating, cooling and bathing triple-combined integral unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve group comprises valve A, valve B, valve C and valve D, the second port of the air-side heat exchanger is connected between valve A and valve C, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected between valve B and valve D, the liquid accumulator is connected between valve A and valve B, and the expansion valve is connected between valve C and valve D.

4. The air source heat pump heating, cooling and bathing triple-combined integral unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a fluorine-water heat exchanger, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the compressor, and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger does not need to be controlled by an electromagnetic valve.

5. The air source heat pump heating, cooling and bathing triple-combined integral unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion valve is a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.

6. The air source heat pump heating, cooling and bathing triple-combined integral unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-side heat exchanger comprises copper pipes and fin structures, and the combination of the two can improve heat transfer efficiency.

7. The air source heat pump heating, cooling and bathing triple-combined integral unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid accumulator is a pressure container, and the working pressure of the pressure container is above 10 MPa.

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