Cold-resistant cable

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wires and cables, in particular to a cold-resistant cable. The cold-resistant cable comprises a cable core unit, a heat preservation layer, a shielding layer and a sheath layer, the cable core unit is formed by twisting a plurality of insulating core wires, each insulating core wire comprises a cable core and an insulating layer, and the cable core is formed by twisting a plurality of single wires in a layered mode; the insulating layer comprises an insulating inner layer and an insulating outer layer; a heat insulation medium is filled between the heat preservation layer and the cable core unit; the shielding layer wraps the outer side of the heat preservation layer and comprises a metal braid layer and elastic strips, and the metal braid layer and the elastic strips are woven in a staggered mode to form the shielding layer; the sheath layer wraps the outer side of the shielding layer, the sheath layer comprises a sheath inner layer and a cabin-penetrating buffer layer, the sheath inner layer adopts chlorosulfonated polyethylene as a base material, and the cabin-penetrating buffer layer adopts a polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as base materials. The cold-resistant cable provided by the utility model has the advantages of good cold resistance, good extrusion resistance and high flexibility, and is not easy to harden and crack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wire and cable technology, and in particular to a cold-resistant cable. Background Technology

[0002] Polar regions (such as the Arctic Circle, Antarctica, and surrounding waters) face frigid climates below -50°C year-round. Ships and offshore platforms must operate in ice-covered waters, and cables must withstand multiple challenges, including ice compression, frequent bending, low-temperature embrittlement, and seal failure. For example, icebreakers must maintain electrical connection stability under severe vibration and mechanical impact during icebreaking; polar research vessels need to operate their power systems, communication systems, and monitoring equipment for extended periods in extremely cold environments; and offshore drilling platforms must maintain the weather resistance and mechanical strength of cables in the low-temperature, high-humidity marine environment. Traditional cables are prone to material hardening, mechanical performance degradation, and seal failure in environments below -40°C, making it difficult to meet the requirements of cold resistance, flexibility, and long-term reliability for polar operations. Therefore, developing a cold-resistant cable that can operate stably at extreme low temperatures of -52°C, has resistance to ice compression, a small bending radius, and excellent sealing performance is a key requirement for the technological upgrade of polar ships and offshore platforms.

[0003] In related technologies, polar vessel cold-resistant cables mostly use ordinary ethylene propylene rubber or cross-linked polyethylene as insulation and low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride sheath materials, which have poor low-temperature resistance. Some polar vessel cold-resistant cables use chlorosulfonated polyethylene mixture as the outer sheath layer to improve low-temperature resistance.

[0004] However, currently available cold-resistant cables have poor resistance to compression under low-temperature conditions and lack flexibility, making them prone to hardening and cracking. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a cold-resistant cable to solve the technical problems of current cold-resistant cables having poor resistance to extrusion under low-temperature conditions, insufficient flexibility, and being prone to hardening and cracking.

[0006] This application provides a cold-resistant cable, including a core unit, an insulation layer, a shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The core unit is formed by stranding multiple insulated core wires, each insulated core wire including a cable core and an insulation layer. The cable core is formed by stranding multiple single wires in layers. The insulation layer covers the outside of the cable core and includes an inner insulation layer and an outer insulation layer. The inner insulation layer is used for stress buffering, and the outer insulation layer is used for insulation. The insulation layer covers the outside of the core unit, and a heat-insulating medium is filled between the insulation layer and the core unit. The shielding layer covers the outside of the insulation layer and includes a metal braided layer and an elastic strip, which are interwoven to form the shielding layer. The sheath layer covers the outside of the shielding layer and includes an inner sheath layer and a buffer layer for penetration. The inner sheath layer uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the base material, and the buffer layer uses polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as the base material.

[0007] The cold-resistant cable provided in this application protects the cable core through an insulation layer, a heat insulation layer, a shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The sheath layer includes an inner sheath layer and a buffer layer for passing through the compartment. The inner sheath layer uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the base material, and the buffer layer for passing through the compartment uses polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as the base material. While improving the cable's low-temperature resistance, it also improves the cable's extrusion resistance and toughness, preventing the cable from hardening and cracking at low temperatures.

[0008] As an optional implementation, the piercing buffer layer covers the outside of the inner sheath layer, and the inner sheath layer and the piercing buffer layer are co-extruded.

[0009] The ratio of the relative mass of polyurethane elastomer to the relative mass of high-density polyethylene in the cabin buffer layer is 4:1.

[0010] This design, by setting an appropriate material ratio, ensures that the cable is resistant to low temperatures while also possessing a certain degree of flexibility.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the ratio of the thickness of the inner sheath to the thickness of the penetration buffer layer is 3:1.

[0012] This design provides a core waterproof and environmentally resistant barrier with a more economical inner sheath, while a relatively thin but high-performance composite sheath layer provides critical mechanical protection and cushioning, achieving an optimal balance between material performance and cost.

[0013] As an alternative implementation, the inner layer of the sheath is molded from a mixture of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, cold-resistant agent, reinforcing agent, colorant and protective agent.

[0014] The cabin buffer layer is made of polyurethane elastomer, high-density polyethylene, reinforcing agent and compatibilizer.

[0015] With this design, the inner layer of the sheath uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the matrix to ensure the core's weather resistance, waterproofing, and chemical stability; the trans-cavity buffer layer is made of polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene, with reinforcement and volume enhancement, to achieve the optimization of low-temperature toughness, impact resistance, and interlayer bonding under high hardness.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the inner insulating layer is a vinyl resin buffer layer, the outer insulating layer is a cross-linked polyethylene cold-resistant layer, and the inner insulating layer and the outer insulating layer are co-extruded.

[0017] This design prevents insulation layer delamination through co-extrusion molding, ensuring a strong bond between the inner and outer insulation layers.

[0018] As an alternative implementation, the vinyl resin buffer layer is formed by mixing a rubber substrate, plasticizer, reinforcing agent, antioxidant, and vulcanizing agent in a certain proportion.

[0019] This setup provides basic elasticity through the rubber substrate, optimizes low-temperature flexibility through plasticizers, ensures mechanical strength through reinforcing agents, maintains long-term stability through antioxidants, and forms a robust network through vulcanizing agents. Together, they create a flexible buffer interface that is tightly bonded to the conductor, effectively absorbs stress, and is durable and reliable.

[0020] As an optional implementation, the ratio of the thickness of the inner insulating layer to the thickness of the outer insulating layer is 2:3.

[0021] This design maximizes material performance and insulation reliability by using a thinner inner layer to smooth the interface and absorb stress, while a thicker outer layer ensures electrical strength, mechanical protection, and environmental resistance.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the insulation layer is formed by wrapping aerogel felt, and an annular cavity is formed between the insulation layer and the outer insulating layer, and the annular cavity is filled with a heat insulation medium.

[0023] This design, by filling the annular cavity with insulating medium, achieves extremely high thermal resistance in an extremely thin space, providing excellent thermal insulation performance for the cable in the harsh ship cabin environment, while maximizing the saving of installation space and the overall outer diameter of the cable.

[0024] As an alternative implementation, the elastic strip is formed by compounding chlorosulfonated polyethylene, reinforcing fibers, and processing aids.

[0025] This configuration, with chlorosulfonated polyethylene providing a weather-resistant and flexible matrix, reinforcing fibers imparting high tensile and creep resistance, and processing aids optimizing process stability, together enable the elastic strip to maintain reliable sealing elasticity and structural integrity under long-term compression and complex environments.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the shielding layer is filled with friction filler.

[0027] This configuration allows the friction filler to generate heat through friction, thereby improving the cable's cold resistance.

[0028] This application provides a cold-resistant cable, comprising a core unit, an insulation layer, a shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The core unit is formed by stranding multiple insulated core wires, each insulated core wire including a cable core and an insulation layer. The cable core is formed by stranding multiple single wires in layers. The insulation layer covers the outside of the cable core and includes an inner insulation layer and an outer insulation layer. The inner insulation layer is used for stress buffering, and the outer insulation layer is used for insulation. The insulation layer covers the outside of the core unit, and a heat-insulating medium is filled between the insulation layer and the core unit. The shielding layer covers the outside of the insulation layer and includes a metal braided layer and elastic strips, which are interwoven to form the shielding layer. The sheath layer covers the outside of the shielding layer and includes an inner sheath layer and a buffer layer for penetration. The inner sheath layer uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the base material, and the buffer layer uses polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as the base material. The cold-resistant cable provided by this application has good cold resistance, good extrusion resistance, high flexibility, and is not prone to hardening and cracking.

[0029] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of this application, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions described above, other technical problems that can be solved by the cold-resistant cable provided by this application, other technical features contained in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further explained in detail in the specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cold-resistant cable provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 100 - Cold-resistant cable; 110 - Insulated core wire; 111 - Cable core; 112 - Insulation layer; 112a - Inner insulation layer; 112b - Outer insulation layer; 113 - Stranding gap; 120 - Thermal insulation layer; 121 - Annular cavity; 130 - Shielding layer; 140 - Sheath layer; 141 - Inner sheath layer; 142 - Pass-through buffer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0036] The terms "first," "second," and "third" (if any) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as a process, method, system, product, or maintenance tool that includes a series of steps or units, not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or maintenance tool.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Polar regions (such as the Arctic Circle, Antarctica, and surrounding waters) face frigid climates below -50°C year-round. Ships and offshore platforms must operate in ice-covered waters, and cables must withstand multiple challenges, including ice compression, frequent bending, low-temperature embrittlement, and seal failure. For example, icebreakers must maintain electrical connection stability under severe vibration and mechanical impact during icebreaking; polar research vessels need to operate their power systems, communication systems, and monitoring equipment for extended periods in extremely cold environments; and offshore drilling platforms must maintain the weather resistance and mechanical strength of cables in the low-temperature, high-humidity marine environment. Traditional cables are prone to material hardening, mechanical performance degradation, and seal failure in environments below -40°C, making it difficult to meet the requirements of cold resistance, flexibility, and long-term reliability for polar operations. Therefore, developing a cold-resistant cable that can operate stably at extreme low temperatures of -52°C, has resistance to ice compression, a small bending radius, and excellent sealing performance is a key requirement for the technological upgrade of polar ships and offshore platforms.

[0040] In related technologies, polar vessel cold-resistant cables mostly use ordinary ethylene propylene rubber or cross-linked polyethylene as insulation and low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride sheath materials, which have poor low-temperature resistance. Some polar vessel cold-resistant cables use chlorosulfonated polyethylene mixture as the outer sheath layer to improve low-temperature resistance.

[0041] However, currently available cold-resistant cables have poor resistance to compression under low-temperature conditions and lack flexibility, making them prone to hardening and cracking.

[0042] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a cold-resistant cable that protects the cable core through an insulation layer, a heat-insulating layer, a shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The sheath layer includes an inner sheath layer and a buffer layer for penetration. The inner sheath layer uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the base material, while the buffer layer for penetration uses polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as the base material. This improves the cable's low-temperature resistance, toughness, and compression resistance, preventing the cable from hardening and cracking at low temperatures.

[0043] See Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a cold-resistant cable 100, including a core unit, an insulation layer 120, a shielding layer 130, and a sheath layer 140. The core unit is formed by stranding multiple insulated core wires 110. The insulated core wire 110 includes a core 111 and an insulation layer 112. The core 111 is formed by stranding multiple single wires in layers. The core 111 can be a tin-plated copper conductor, and it is stranded in layers of 1+6+12+6n. The stranding gaps 113 are filled with hydrophobic sealant. The diameter of a single wire is 0.12 mm, and the pitch ratio is 8-10 times.

[0044] Insulation layer 112 covers the outer side of cable core 111. Insulation layer 112 includes an inner insulation layer 112a and an outer insulation layer 112b. The inner insulation layer 112a is used for stress buffering, and the outer insulation layer 112b is used for insulation. The inner insulation layer 112a is a vinyl ester resin buffer layer, and the outer insulation layer 112b is a cross-linked polyethylene cold-resistant layer. The inner insulation layer 112a and the outer insulation layer 112b are co-extruded to ensure a firm bond between them.

[0045] In some embodiments, the vinyl resin buffer layer is formed by mixing a rubber substrate, plasticizer, reinforcing agent, antioxidant, and vulcanizing agent in a certain proportion. The rubber substrate can be hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) at 70 phr by weight; the plasticizer includes dioctyl adipate (DOA) and a polyester plasticizer, with DOA at 18 phr by weight and the polyester plasticizer at 7 phr by weight. The plasticizer allows the inner insulating layer 112a to maintain its flexibility at -60°C; the reinforcing agent includes precipitated silica and silane coupling agent Si-69, with precipitated silica at 25 phr by weight and Si-69 at 2.5 phr by weight. The reinforcing agent can improve… The mechanical strength and abrasion resistance of the inner insulation layer 112a; the anti-aging agent includes antioxidant 445 and anti-ozone agent NBC, with antioxidant 445 and anti-ozone agent NBC accounting for 1.5 phr by weight. The anti-aging agent can prevent the aging of the inner insulation layer 112a under extreme temperature differences; the vulcanizing agent includes peroxide DCP and co-crosslinking agent TAIC, with peroxide DCP accounting for 2.2 phr by weight and co-crosslinking agent TAIC accounting for 1.8 phr by weight. The vulcanizing agent can ensure crosslinking density and heat resistance.

[0046] In this way, the rubber substrate provides basic elasticity, the plasticizer optimizes low-temperature flexibility, the reinforcing agent ensures mechanical strength, the antioxidant maintains long-term stability, and the vulcanizing agent forms a solid network, together constructing a flexible buffer interface that is closely bonded to the conductor, can effectively absorb stress, and is durable and reliable.

[0047] The key processes for the 112a insulating inner layer include: feeding temperature in the internal mixer ≤70℃, first-stage mixing for 45 seconds, and discharge temperature 125℃; second-stage mixing with the addition of the vulcanizing agent, and discharge temperature ≤95℃; extrusion: die head temperature 75-80℃, die body temperature controlled in four zones (65℃, 70℃, 75℃, 70℃); vulcanization: using a continuous vulcanization (CCV) pipeline, pressure 1.5MPa, temperature 175℃, speed 25m / min. It meets the following requirements: glass transition temperature (Tg): DSC test ≤-52℃; low-temperature impact brittleness temperature: tested according to GB / T5470, passing -52℃; low-temperature bending performance: meeting the requirement of no cracking when bending 360° around a mandrel (4D) at -52℃.

[0048] The ratio of the thickness of the inner insulating layer 112a to the thickness of the outer insulating layer 112b is 2:3. The thinner inner insulating layer 112a is sufficient to smooth the interface and absorb stress, while the thicker outer insulating layer 112b ensures electrical strength, mechanical protection and environmental resistance, thereby maximizing material performance and insulation reliability.

[0049] As one possible implementation, the insulation layer 120 is formed by wrapping aerogel felt, and an annular cavity 121 is formed between the insulation layer 120 and the insulating outer layer 112b. The annular cavity 121 is filled with a heat insulation medium, and the heat insulation medium and the aerogel felt work together to provide heat insulation.

[0050] Understandably, the insulated core wire 110 has a circular cross-section, and multiple insulated core wires 110 are twisted together to form a cable core unit. Its surface is uneven, and aerogel felt is wrapped around the surface of the cable core unit. The aerogel felt and the recesses on the surface of the cable core unit form an annular cavity 121. The width of the annular cavity 121 varies, with a maximum width of 1.5mm. The annular cavity 121 can be filled with cable oil, which provides thermal insulation and reduces internal and external heat exchange, thus improving the cable's temperature difference adaptability by 40%. In this way, extremely high thermal resistance is achieved with an extremely thin space, providing excellent thermal insulation performance for the cable in the harsh environment of a ship's cabin, while maximizing the saving of installation space and the overall outer diameter of the cable. The insulation medium can also be replaced with silicone oil, increasing the temperature resistance limit of the cable core unit to 70℃.

[0051] The shielding layer 130 covers the outside of the insulation layer 120. The shielding layer 130 includes a metal braided layer and an elastic strip, and is formed by interlacing the metal braided layer and the elastic strip.

[0052] It should be noted that the shielding layer 130 is used to resist external mechanical damage, electromagnetic interference and environmental corrosion. The braiding material of the metal braided layer can be tin-plated copper wire, which is the core of realizing the electromagnetic shielding function. The elastic strip is used for mechanical support and elastic buffering.

[0053] In some embodiments, the elastic strip is formed by compounding chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), reinforcing fibers, and processing aids. The chlorosulfonated polyethylene serves as the elastic matrix, comprising 100 phr by weight, to provide weather resistance and elasticity; the reinforcing fibers are 6 mm chopped aramid fibers, comprising 5 phr by weight, which enhance mechanical strength and prevent breakage during weaving; and the processing aids are polyethylene wax, comprising 2 phr by weight, which improve dispersibility and extrusion processability.

[0054] It should be noted that the braided gaps of the shielding layer 130 are filled with friction filler, which can be flake graphite and silicon carbide micro powder. The flake graphite has a particle size of 50 μm and a weight ratio of 35 phr; the silicon carbide micro powder has a particle size of 15 μm and a weight ratio of 15 phr. The friction filler can optimize the coefficient of friction and thermal conductivity. When the cable is bent, the friction filler in the shielding layer 130 rubs against each other due to the elastic deformation, instantly heating up to 50–60℃, offsetting the external low temperature.

[0055] The key processes for shielding layer 130 include: a two-roll open mill with a roll temperature of 65±5℃, 8 passes through the thinner section, and a sheet thickness of 2.0mm; extrusion granulation using a twin-screw extruder with five temperature zones (75℃, 80℃, 85℃, 85℃, 0℃) and water-cooled pelletizing; and shielding layer 130 weaving, which involves synchronous weaving with tin-plated copper wire (Φ0.15mm) at a 60° angle, with a weaving pitch of 18mm and a coverage rate ≥85%. It meets the requirement of a local temperature rise to 42℃ within 5 minutes (measured by an infrared thermal imager) under repeated bending at a frequency of 10 times / minute (radius 5D) at -55℃. It also meets the requirement of a wear resistance of <3% after 100,000 cycles of reciprocating friction testing.

[0056] The sheath layer 140 covers the outside of the shielding layer 130. The sheath layer 140 includes an inner sheath layer 141 and a penetration buffer layer 142. The penetration buffer layer 142 covers the outside of the inner sheath layer 141. The inner sheath layer 141 and the penetration buffer layer 142 are co-extruded to avoid interface delamination. The inner sheath layer 141 uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the base material, while the penetration buffer layer 142 uses polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as the base materials, forming a hardness gradient design with a soft inner layer and a hard outer layer, which can enhance compression resistance. The thickness ratio of the inner sheath layer 141 to the penetration buffer layer 142 is 3:1. The inner sheath layer 141 serves as a waterproof and environmentally resistant barrier, while the relatively thin but high-performance composite sheath layer 140 provides critical mechanical protection and cushioning, achieving an optimal allocation of material performance and cost.

[0057] In some embodiments, the inner layer 141 of the sheath uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the base material, and is formed by compounding chlorosulfonated polyethylene, a cold-resistant agent, a reinforcing agent, a colorant, and a protective agent. The chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM-40) is 100 phr by weight, used to provide weather resistance; the cold-resistant agent is dioctyl sebacate (DOS) and polypropylene adipate, with 20 phr by weight of dioctyl sebacate and 10 phr by weight of polypropylene adipate, used to improve cold resistance; the reinforcing agent is fumed silica and modified kaolin, with 20 phr by weight of fumed silica and 15 phr by weight of modified kaolin; the colorant and protective agent are rutile titanium dioxide and iron oxide red, with 5 phr by weight of rutile titanium dioxide for UV protection and 1 phr by weight of iron oxide red for warning purposes.

[0058] The key processes for the inner layer 141 of the sheath include: a vulcanization system comprising 5 phr of lead oxide, 1 phr of DM (dibenzothiazole disulfide), and 1.2 phr of TMTD (tetramethylthiuram disulfide). This vulcanization system is suitable for low-temperature, long-term vulcanization. The extruder head temperature is 85℃, and the die body temperature is controlled in four zones (70℃, 75℃, 80℃, 75℃). Vulcanization is performed using saturated steam at a pressure of 0.8 MPa, a temperature of 155℃, and a time of 25 minutes. It meets the following requirements: ozone resistance (tested according to GB / T2951.21), 500 pphm, 40℃, 20% tensile strength, no cracking); and oil resistance (in IRM902 oil, 100℃×24h, volume change ≤15%).

[0059] The caving buffer layer 142 is molded from polyurethane elastomer, high-density polyethylene, reinforcing agents, and compatibilizers. Polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene are the base materials. The polyurethane elastomer possesses high mechanical strength, elasticity, and wear resistance, enabling it to resist wear, absorb vibration and impact, and maintain elasticity. High-density polyethylene has high hardness, rigidity, and creep resistance, providing structural rigidity, reducing friction, and preventing stress cracking. The relative mass ratio of polyurethane elastomer to high-density polyethylene in the caving buffer layer 142 is 4:1. This balances hardness and low-temperature toughness, ensuring that the caving buffer layer 142 retains a certain degree of toughness even at low temperatures, preventing cracking.

[0060] In some embodiments, the reinforcing agent is glass fiber microspheres and carbon black N330. The glass fiber microspheres have a particle size of 30 μm and a weight of 15 phr, and the carbon black has a weight of 8 phr. The reinforcing agent is used to enhance the wear resistance, pressure resistance and deformation resistance of the perforation buffer layer 142. The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted PE with a weight of 3 phr. The compatibilizer is used to improve the compatibility between polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene.

[0061] The key processes for the through-buffer layer 142 include: co-extrusion with the inner sheath layer 141, sharing the same die head, a dedicated flow channel temperature of 185℃, and cooling using a three-stage gradient cooling water tank (water temperature: 80℃-50℃-25℃) to prevent internal stress cracking. It meets the requirements of Shore hardness reaching D48-50, compression set tested according to GB / T7759.1, -50℃×24h, and a compression ratio of 30% and a deformation rate ≤25%.

[0062] The cold-resistant cable 100 provided in this application embodiment can withstand a low temperature of -52℃ and retain ≥90% of its impact strength; the shielding layer 130 reduces ice adhesion by 70% due to frictional heating, increasing the icebreaker's range by 15%; the bending radius is 4D, which is smaller than that of traditional cables, making installation more convenient and improving installation efficiency by 40%; the halogen-free flame-retardant formula meets IMO environmental standards, reducing fire toxic gas emissions by 90%; and the proportion of recyclable materials reaches 70%.

[0063] The following are the key manufacturing processes.

[0064] One-step co-extrusion: The insulation layer 112 and the sheath layer 140 are extruded synchronously with dual heads, and the temperature is controlled in zones (inner layer 165℃ / outer layer 175℃).

[0065] Online irradiation crosslinking: electron accelerator energy 1.8 MeV, dose 10 Mrad, ensuring crosslinking degree ≥80%.

[0066] Integrated braiding and sealing: After the shielding layer is braided to 130, sealant is directly injected, and after curing, it is wrapped with EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) tape.

[0067] The prototype of the cold-resistant cable 100 in the embodiment meets the IEC60092-359 polar cable standard and can operate stably in an environment of -52℃.

[0068] This application provides a cold-resistant cable 100, including a core unit, an insulation layer 120, a shielding layer 130, and a sheath layer 140. The core unit is formed by stranding multiple insulated core wires 110. Each insulated core wire 110 includes a core 111 and an insulation layer 112. The core 111 is formed by stranding multiple single wires in layers. The insulation layer 112 covers the outside of the core 111 and includes an inner insulation layer 112a and an outer insulation layer 112b. The inner insulation layer 112a is used for stress buffering, and the outer insulation layer 112b is used for insulation. The insulation layer 120 covers... Outside the cable core unit, a heat-insulating medium is filled between the insulation layer 120 and the cable core unit; a shielding layer 130 covers the outside of the insulation layer 120, and the shielding layer 130 includes a metal braided layer and elastic strips, which are interwoven to form the shielding layer 130; a sheath layer 140 covers the outside of the shielding layer 130, and the sheath layer 140 includes an inner sheath layer 141 and a buffer layer 142, where the inner sheath layer 141 uses chlorosulfonated polyethylene as the base material, and the buffer layer 142 uses polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as the base material. The cold-resistant cable provided in this application has good cold resistance, good extrusion resistance, and high flexibility, and is not prone to hardening and cracking.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A cold-resistant cable, characterized by, The application relates to a cable core unit, a thermal insulation layer, a shielding layer and a sheath layer. The cable core unit is formed by twisting a plurality of insulated core wires (110), the insulated core wire (110) comprises a cable core (111) and an insulation layer (112), the cable core (111) is formed by twisting a plurality of single wires, the insulation layer (112) is wrapped outside the cable core (111), the insulation layer (112) comprises an insulation inner layer (112a) and an insulation outer layer (112b), the insulation inner layer (112a) is used for stress buffering, and the insulation outer layer (112b) is used for insulation. The thermal insulation layer (120) is wrapped outside the cable core unit, and a heat insulation medium is filled between the thermal insulation layer (120) and the cable core unit. The shielding layer (130) is wrapped outside the thermal insulation layer (120), the shielding layer (130) comprises a metal braid layer and an elastic strip, the metal braid layer and the elastic strip are staggered and braided to form the shielding layer (130), and the shielding layer (130) is filled with a friction filler. The sheath layer (140) is wrapped outside the shielding layer (130), the sheath layer (140) comprises a sheath inner layer (141) and a cabin-penetrating buffer layer (142), the cabin-penetrating buffer layer (142) is wrapped outside the sheath inner layer (141), the sheath inner layer (141) adopts chlorosulfonated polyethylene as a base material, the cabin-penetrating buffer layer (142) adopts polyurethane elastomer and high-density polyethylene as base materials, and the thickness ratio of the sheath inner layer (141) to the cabin-penetrating buffer layer (142) is 3:

1.

2. The cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation inner layer (112a) is a vinyl resin buffer layer, the insulation outer layer (112b) is a cross-linked polyethylene cold-resistant layer, and the insulation inner layer (112a) and the insulation outer layer (112b) are co-extruded.

3. The cold-resistant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the insulation inner layer (112a) to the insulation outer layer (112b) is 2:

3.

4. The cold-resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, The thermal insulation layer (120) is formed by wrapping aerogel felt, an annular cavity (121) is formed between the thermal insulation layer (120) and the insulation outer layer (112b), and the annular cavity (121) is filled with a heat insulation medium.

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