Discharging circuit and vehicle
By introducing an insulation detection module and a microcontroller into the vehicle battery discharge circuit, the insulation safety problem of direct power supply from the vehicle battery is solved, and a safe and reliable AC power output is achieved, which is suitable for various vehicle power supply scenarios.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, direct power supply from vehicle batteries has the problem that the insulation between the output live wire and the output neutral wire and ground does not meet safety requirements, which may lead to damage to vehicle components and personal safety hazards.
Design a discharge circuit including a power output module, first and second relays, an insulation detection module, and a microcontroller. By detecting the insulation resistance of the output live wire and neutral wire to ground, the circuit controls the opening and closing of the relays to ensure that the circuit is converted into AC power for use by external loads under the premise of insulation safety.
It achieves the conversion of DC power from vehicle batteries to AC power for external loads while ensuring insulation safety, improving the safety and reliability of the circuit and making it suitable for various vehicle scenarios such as camping and emergency rescue.
Smart Images
Figure CN224068557U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery discharge technology, and more particularly to a discharge circuit and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] Electric or hybrid vehicles can use the vehicle's battery to power external loads. An inverter installed in the vehicle can convert the direct current (DC) from the vehicle's battery into alternating current (AC) for use by the external loads.
[0003] More and more applications require power from vehicle batteries, such as camping equipment and construction tools. However, using vehicle batteries directly poses certain safety risks. During the discharge process, the insulation between the output live wire and the output neutral wire and the ground may not meet safety requirements, which can easily damage vehicle components and endanger the personal safety of users.
[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0005] This disclosure provides a discharge circuit and a vehicle.
[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a discharge circuit is provided, comprising:
[0007] The power output module is used to convert DC power into AC power and output it to the electrical load through the output live wire and output neutral wire.
[0008] The first relay is connected in series between the discharge port of the output live wire and the first discharge port of the power output module;
[0009] The second relay is connected in series between the discharge port of the output neutral line and the second discharge port of the power output module;
[0010] An insulation detection module is electrically connected to the output live wire and the output neutral wire, and is used to detect the insulation resistance of the output live wire and the output neutral wire to ground;
[0011] The microcontroller has a first terminal electrically connected to the insulation detection module, a second terminal electrically connected to the power output module, and a third terminal electrically connected to the first relay and / or the second relay.
[0012] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the insulation detection module includes: a first test power supply, a third relay, a fourth relay, a first impedance, a second impedance, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).
[0013] The first test power supply is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire to power the insulation detection module;
[0014] The first terminal of the third relay is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire, the second terminal of the third relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first impedance, and the second terminal of the first impedance is electrically connected to the first sampling pin of the ADC to sample the first signal;
[0015] The second terminal of the third relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth relay, the second terminal of the fourth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second impedance, and the second terminal of the second impedance is electrically connected to the second sampling pin of the ADC to sample the second signal;
[0016] The output pin of the ADC is electrically connected to the microcontroller to transmit the first signal and the second signal.
[0017] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller is configured to: calculate the insulation impedance based on the first signal and the second signal; in response to the insulation impedance being greater than a preset threshold, send a first control signal to the power output module to cause the power output module to output AC power; and send a second control signal to the first relay and the second relay to cause the first relay and the second relay to close.
[0018] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the insulation detection module further includes: a fifth relay, a third impedance, and a fourth impedance;
[0019] The first terminal of the fifth relay is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output neutral line, the second terminal of the fifth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third impedance, and the second terminal of the third impedance is electrically connected to the third sampling pin of the ADC to sample the third signal;
[0020] The second terminal of the fifth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth relay, the third terminal of the fourth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth impedance, and the second terminal of the fourth impedance is electrically connected to the fourth sampling pin of the ADC to sample the fourth signal.
[0021] The output pin of the ADC is electrically connected to the microcontroller to transmit the third signal and the fourth signal.
[0022] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the insulation detection module includes: a second test power supply, a sixth relay, a seventh relay, a fifth impedance, a sixth impedance, and an amplifier;
[0023] The second test power supply is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire to power the insulation detection module;
[0024] The first terminal of the sixth relay is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire, the second terminal of the sixth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth impedance, and the second terminal of the fifth impedance is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the amplifier.
[0025] The second terminal of the sixth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh relay, the second terminal of the seventh relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the sixth impedance, and the second terminal of the sixth impedance is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the amplifier.
[0026] The first output terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to the microcontroller.
[0027] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller includes an ADC module;
[0028] The first output terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to the first input pin of the ADC module.
[0029] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the insulation detection module further includes: an eighth relay, a seventh impedance, and an eighth impedance;
[0030] The first terminal of the eighth relay is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output neutral line, the second terminal of the eighth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh impedance, and the second terminal of the seventh impedance is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the amplifier.
[0031] The second terminal of the eighth relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh relay, the third terminal of the seventh relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the eighth impedance, and the second terminal of the eighth impedance is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the amplifier.
[0032] The second output terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to the second input pin of the ADC module.
[0033] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller is further configured to:
[0034] In response to the insulation impedance being greater than a preset threshold, a third control signal is sent to the seventh relay to cause the seventh relay to disconnect.
[0035] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the power output module includes: an on-board charger;
[0036] The on-board charger includes an inverter.
[0037] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including a discharge circuit as described in the first aspect.
[0038] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:
[0039] This disclosure utilizes a power output module to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) and supply it to the electrical load via the output live wire and output neutral wire. A first relay is connected in series between the discharge port of the output live wire and the first discharge port of the power output module. A second relay is connected in series between the discharge port of the output neutral wire and the second discharge port of the power output module. An insulation detection module is electrically connected to the output live wire and output neutral wire to detect the insulation resistance of the output live wire and output neutral wire to ground. A microcontroller has its first terminal electrically connected to the insulation detection module, its second terminal electrically connected to the power output module, and its third terminal electrically connected to the first and / or second relays. This allows for the conversion of DC power from the vehicle battery to AC power, which is then supplied to external loads via the output live wire and output neutral wire, while ensuring the insulation safety of the discharge circuit.
[0040] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description
[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.
[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a discharge circuit structure shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulation detection module 40 according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 1 .
[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulation detection module 40 according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 .
[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulation detection module 40 according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 .
[0046] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulation detection module 40 according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 .
[0047] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation
[0048] Some embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. Various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure, except for operations that must be performed in a particular order. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.
[0049] The embodiments described in the following examples of this disclosure are not representative of all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.
[0050] The specific implementation methods of the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a discharge circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:
[0052] The power output module 10 converts the DC power supplied by the vehicle battery into AC power and outputs it to the external load through the output live wire L and the output neutral wire N. The discharge circuit and the external load are both grounded through the ground wire (PE wire).
[0053] It should be noted that external loads refer to electrical equipment or devices, which can be household appliances such as microwave ovens, refrigerators, and televisions; electronic devices such as laptops, mobile phone chargers, and lighting fixtures; power tools such as electric drills, electric saws, and air compressors; emergency equipment such as medical equipment, communication equipment, and emergency lighting; and outdoor equipment such as camping lights, portable air conditioners, and car refrigerators.
[0054] The first relay 20 is connected in series between the discharge port of the output live wire L and the first discharge port of the power output module 10.
[0055] The second relay 30 is connected in series between the discharge port of the output neutral line N and the second discharge port of the power output module 10.
[0056] The insulation detection module 40 is electrically connected to the output live wire L and the output neutral wire N, and is used to detect the insulation resistance of the output live wire L and the output neutral wire N to ground.
[0057] The microcontroller MCU 50 has its first terminal electrically connected to the insulation detection module 40, its second terminal electrically connected to the power output module 10, and its third terminal electrically connected to the first relay 20 and / or the second relay 30.
[0058] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller 50 is electrically connected to the insulation detection module 40, the power output module 10, and the first relay 20 and the second relay 30. It is used to perform calculations based on the detection signal of the insulation detection module 40, and control the power output module 10, the first relay 20 and the second relay 30 based on the calculation results, so as to ensure that the power output module 10 does not supply power to the electrical load when the insulation detection fails, thereby ensuring the safety of the discharge circuit.
[0059] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the power output module 10 includes: an on-board charger; the on-board charger includes an inverter. The inverter may be a bidirectional inverter / converter capable of converting direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), or vice versa. DC power can be drawn from a battery and converted into AC power suitable for household or grid use.
[0060] Specifically, the on-board charger may also include: a high-voltage battery pack, providing energy storage, composed of multiple lithium-ion battery cells. The energy stored in these batteries can be released when needed and converted and distributed via a bidirectional inverter. A control system monitors battery status, regulates power flow, and ensures safe operation. It can also communicate with external devices, such as smart home systems or grid management systems. Interfaces and connectors include standard charging interfaces for grid connection (such as CCS, CHAdeMO, etc.) and special sockets or cables that may be used for direct connection to household appliances or other devices. Protection circuitry, to ensure safety, may include multiple protection mechanisms such as overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and overvoltage protection to prevent electrical faults from damaging the vehicle or external equipment.
[0061] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the on-board charger may also include a user interface to provide the user with an intuitive operating interface that displays current status information (such as battery level, output power, etc.) and allows the user to set parameters or start / stop the power supply process.
[0062] In response to the electrical connection between the electrical load and the discharge circuit (i.e., when the user connects their load to the vehicle's socket), the user can click the external discharge button on the user interface. The vehicle's inverter function is activated, but the power output module 10 does not output power, and the first relay 20 and the second relay 30 are in the open state. The insulation detection module 40 samples the insulation resistance of the output live wire L and the output neutral wire N to ground and transmits the sampled signal to the microcontroller 50. The microcontroller 50 calculates whether the insulation resistance is greater than a preset threshold. If the insulation resistance is greater than the preset threshold, the insulation detection passes, and the discharge circuit discharges AC power (e.g., 220V AC), meaning the first relay 20 and the second relay 30 are closed and the power output module 10 outputs DC power. If the insulation resistance is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the insulation detection fails, the discharge circuit does not discharge AC power, and the first relay 20 and / or the second relay 30 are in the open state. An error message can be displayed on the user interface to remind the user of electrical safety.
[0063] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 As shown, the insulation detection module 40 includes the following components: a first test power supply 201, a third relay 202, a fourth relay 203, a first impedance 204, a second impedance 205, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 206.
[0064] The first test power supply 201 is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire L, and supplies power to the insulation detection module 40. It is a low-voltage DC voltage, such as 2.5V, 3V, or 5V.
[0065] The first terminal of the third relay 202 is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire L. The second terminal of the third relay 202 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first impedance 204. The second terminal of the first impedance 204 is electrically connected to the first sampling pin of the ADC 206 to sample the first signal. The second terminal of the third relay 202 is also electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth relay 203. The second terminal of the fourth relay 203 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second impedance 205. The second terminal of the second impedance 205 is electrically connected to the second sampling pin of the ADC 206 to sample the second signal. The output pin of the ADC 206 is electrically connected to the microcontroller 50 to transmit the first and second signals.
[0066] It should be noted that the first impedance 204 and the second impedance 205 are equivalent to the self-impedance of the discharge circuit. After the first impedance 204 and the second impedance 205 are connected in parallel, they are divided by the insulation impedance. The current flowing through the first impedance 204 is sampled as the first signal, and the current flowing through the second impedance 205 is sampled as the second signal.
[0067] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller 50 is configured to: calculate the insulation impedance based on the first signal and the second signal; in response to the insulation impedance being greater than a preset threshold, send a first control signal to the power output module 10 to cause the power output module 10 to output AC power; and send a second control signal to the first relay 20 and the second relay 30 to cause the first relay 20 and the second relay 30 to close.
[0068] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller 50 is also configured to: in response to an insulation impedance less than or equal to a preset threshold, send a fourth control signal to the power output module 10 so that the power output module 10 remains in a state of not outputting AC power.
[0069] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, Figure 2 The insulation detection module 40 shown only has an insulation sampling circuit on the output live wire L side. The output neutral wire N side has the same circuit structure, including: a test power supply, two relays, two equivalent impedances, and an ADC 206. The test power supply is connected to the discharge port of the output live wire L or the output neutral wire N. The relays and the circuit structure connected by the equivalent impedances can form a voltage divider network with the insulation impedance. The ADC 206 samples the signal and transmits it to the microcontroller 50.
[0070] In some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the insulation sampling circuit on the output neutral line N side may share the fourth relay 203 with the insulation sampling circuit on the output live line L side. Accordingly, as Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 2 Based on the insulation detection module 40 shown, the following components are also included:
[0071] Fifth relay 301, third impedance 302, fourth impedance 303.
[0072] The first terminal of the fifth relay 301 is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output neutral line N. The second terminal of the fifth relay 301 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third impedance 302. The second terminal of the third impedance 302 is electrically connected to the third sampling pin of the ADC 206 to sample the third signal. The second terminal of the fifth relay 301 is also electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth relay 203. The third terminal of the fourth relay 203 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth impedance 303. The second terminal of the fourth impedance 303 is electrically connected to the fourth sampling pin of the ADC 206 to sample the fourth signal. The output pin of the ADC 206 is electrically connected to the microcontroller 50 to transmit the third and fourth signals. The first test power supply 201 is also electrically connected to the discharge port of the output neutral line N.
[0073] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller 50 is used to calculate the insulation impedance based on a first signal, a second signal, a third signal, and a fourth signal. Specifically, it can calculate the first insulation impedance of the output live wire L to ground based on the first and second signals, and calculate the second insulation impedance of the output neutral wire N to ground based on the third and fourth signals. The impedance obtained by paralleling the first and second insulation impedances can be equivalent to the insulation impedance.
[0074] This embodiment of the invention simplifies circuit design and reduces the number of components used by sharing the fourth relay 203 between the insulation sampling circuit on the output neutral line N side and the insulation sampling circuit on the output live line L side, thereby reducing costs and improving reliability.
[0075] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller 50 is further configured to: in response to an insulation impedance greater than a preset threshold, send a fifth control signal to the fourth relay 203 to disconnect the fourth relay 203, that is, disconnect the shared fourth relay 203 after the static insulation detection is completed. However, the individual relays (third relay 202 and fifth relay 301) in the corresponding insulation detection modules 40 on the output live wire L side and the output neutral wire N side can remain closed so that insulation detection can continue during the discharge process. This will not be described in detail in the embodiments of this disclosure.
[0076] It should be noted that sampling can be performed using an ADC, or the signal can be sampled using a microcontroller 50 with integrated ADC functionality, in order to reduce the use of components, reduce signal communication, and improve detection speed.
[0077] Accordingly, in some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the insulation detection module 40 includes the following components:
[0078] Second test power supply 401, sixth relay 402, seventh relay 403, fifth impedance 404, sixth impedance 405, amplifier 406.
[0079] The specific connection method is as follows:
[0080] The second test power supply 401 is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire L, supplying power to the insulation detection module 40. The first terminal of the sixth relay 402 is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire L; the second terminal of the sixth relay 402 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth impedance 404; the second terminal of the fifth impedance 404 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the amplifier 406; the second terminal of the sixth relay 402 is also electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh relay 403; the second terminal of the seventh relay 403 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the sixth impedance 405; the second terminal of the sixth impedance 405 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the amplifier 406; the first output terminal of the amplifier 406 is electrically connected to the microcontroller 50. The microcontroller 50 includes an ADC module, and the first output terminal of the amplifier 406 is electrically connected to the first input pin of the ADC module.
[0081] It should be noted that the second test power supply 401 is the same as the first test power supply 201 mentioned above, and will not be described again here.
[0082] It should be noted that, Figure 4 The structure of the insulation detection module 40 shown is similar to Figure 2 The insulation detection module 40 shown differs in its sampling section, but the circuit principle is the same: the insulation impedance is divided by the voltage of the two parallel impedances, and the magnitude of the insulation impedance is calculated by inputting the sampled current signal to the microcontroller 50. Furthermore, it is similar to... Figure 2 similar, Figure 4 The insulation detection module 40 shown only has an insulation sampling circuit on the output live wire L side, and the corresponding circuit structure on the output neutral wire N side is the same. This embodiment will not be described in detail here.
[0083] In this embodiment, amplifier 406 amplifies the two parallel current signals and transmits them to the ADC module of microcontroller 50 to ensure that the ADC module of microcontroller 50 can accurately sample the signals in order to determine the magnitude of the insulation impedance.
[0084] In some other exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the insulation sampling circuit on the output neutral line N side may share the seventh relay 403 with the insulation sampling circuit on the output live line L side. Accordingly, as Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 4 Based on the insulation detection module 40 shown, the following components are also included:
[0085] Eighth relay 501, seventh impedance 502, eighth impedance 503.
[0086] The first terminal of the eighth relay 501 is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output neutral line N, and the second terminal is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh impedance 502. The second terminal of the seventh impedance 502 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the amplifier 406. The second terminal of the eighth relay 501 is also electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh relay 403. The third terminal of the seventh relay 403 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the eighth impedance 503, and the second terminal of the eighth impedance 503 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the amplifier 406. The second output terminal of the amplifier 406 is electrically connected to the second input pin of the ADC module.
[0087] This embodiment of the invention simplifies circuit design and reduces the number of components used by sharing the seventh relay 403 between the insulation sampling circuit on the output neutral line N side and the insulation sampling circuit on the output live line L side, thereby reducing costs and improving reliability.
[0088] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller 50 is further configured to: in response to an insulation impedance greater than a preset threshold, send a third control signal to the seventh relay 403 to disconnect the seventh relay 403, that is, disconnect the shared seventh relay 403 after the static insulation detection is completed. However, the individual relays (sixth relay 402 and eighth relay 501) in the corresponding insulation detection modules 40 on the output live wire L side and the output neutral wire N side can remain closed so that insulation detection can continue during the discharge process. This will not be described in detail in the embodiments of this disclosure.
[0089] This embodiment of the invention, through the cooperation of the insulation detection module 40 and the microcontroller 50, can sample and calculate the insulation impedance to ground between the output live wire L and the output neutral wire N. In response to an insulation impedance greater than a preset threshold, the microcontroller 50 sends a control signal to the power output module and the relay, enabling the discharge circuit to supply power to the electrical load; otherwise, the circuit remains in a safe state. This allows the DC power from the vehicle battery to be converted to AC power and supplied to external loads via the output live wire L and the output neutral wire N, while ensuring the insulation safety of the discharge circuit.
[0090] The discharge circuit proposed in this disclosure can be widely used in various vehicles, especially in scenarios requiring AC power to external loads, such as camping, outdoor activities, and emergency rescue. The integrated insulation detection module 40 ensures the safety and reliability of the circuit. Furthermore, it can be extended to applications related to 220V power supply discharge.
[0091] Based on the same concept, this disclosure also provides a vehicle, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle by which this vehicle embodiment solves the problem is similar to that of the discharge circuit embodiment described above, reference can be made to the implementation of the discharge circuit embodiment described above, and repeated details will not be repeated.
[0092] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the vehicle includes any of the discharge circuits provided in the above embodiments. It is understood that the vehicle also includes the discharge circuit described above, and the MCU can be a controller in the vehicle's battery management system or integrated into the vehicle's overall controller.
[0093] Figure 6 This is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle 600 according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, vehicle 600 can be a hybrid vehicle, a non-hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, or other types of vehicle. Vehicle 600 can be an autonomous vehicle, a semi-autonomous vehicle, or a non-autonomous vehicle.
[0094] Reference Figure 6 The vehicle 600 may include various subsystems, such as an infotainment system 610, a perception system 620, a decision control system 630, a drive system 640, a computing platform 650, and a battery management system 660. The vehicle 600 may also include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include multiple components. Furthermore, each subsystem and component of the vehicle 600 can be interconnected via wired or wireless means.
[0095] In some embodiments, the infotainment system 610 may include a communication system, an entertainment system, and a navigation system, etc.
[0096] The perception system 620 may include several sensors for sensing information about the environment surrounding the vehicle 600. For example, the perception system 620 may include a global positioning system (which may be GPS, BeiDou, or other positioning systems), an inertial measurement unit (IMU), lidar, millimeter-wave radar, ultrasonic radar, and a camera device.
[0097] The decision control system 630 may include a computing system, a vehicle controller, a steering system, a throttle, and a braking system.
[0098] The drive system 640 may include components that provide powered motion to the vehicle 600. In one embodiment, the drive system 640 may include an engine, an energy source, a transmission system, and wheels. The engine may be one or a combination of internal combustion engines, electric motors, and compressed air engines. The engine is capable of converting energy provided by the energy source into mechanical energy.
[0099] Some or all of the functions of vehicle 600 are controlled by computing platform 650. Computing platform 650 may include at least one processor 651 and memory 652, processor 651 can execute instructions 653 stored in memory 652.
[0100] Processor 651 can be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available CPU. The processor may also include, for example, a Graphic Processing Unit (GPU), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a System on Chip (SOC), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or a combination thereof.
[0101] The memory 652 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
[0102] In addition to instruction 653, memory 652 can also store data, such as road maps, route information, vehicle position, direction, speed, and other data. The data stored in memory 652 can be used by computing platform 650.
[0103] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management system 660 is provided with a discharge circuit provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure to perform insulation detection and corresponding control on the discharge process of the vehicle.
[0104] It should be understood that, unless otherwise specifically indicated, features of various embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be combined with each other. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the relevant listed items and any combination of any two or more; similarly, “at least one of…” includes any one of the relevant listed items and any combination of any two or more.
[0105] It should be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "joining," "attaching," "installing," "connecting," "linking," "fixing," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms herein according to the specific circumstances.
[0106] Furthermore, the term "above" as used herein with respect to components, elements, or material layers formed or located "above" a surface may be used to indicate that the component, element, or material layer is "indirectly" positioned (e.g., placed, formed, deposited, etc.) on the surface such that one or more additional components, elements, or layers are arranged between the surface and the component, element, or material layer. However, the term "above" as used with respect to components, elements, or material layers formed or located "above" a surface may also optionally have a specific meaning: that the component, element, or material layer is "directly" positioned (e.g., placed, formed, deposited, etc.) on the surface, for example, in direct contact with the surface.
[0107] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various components, parts, regions, layers, or sections, these components, parts, regions, layers, or sections are not limited to these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, part, region, layer, or section from another. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first component, part, region, layer, or section mentioned in the examples may also be referred to as the second component, part, region, layer, or section. Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description herein, “a plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0108] It should be understood that spatial relative terms, such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” and “lower,” are used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another shown in the figures. In addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, these spatial relative terms are also intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element described as “above” or “upper” relative to another element would be “below” or “lower” relative to that other element. Thus, depending on the spatial orientation of the device, the term “above” encompasses both above and below orientations. Devices may have other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
[0109] Furthermore, the term “exemplary” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as advantageous compared to other aspects or designs. Rather, the use of the term “exemplary” is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. As used herein, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.” That is, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context, “X applies A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive arrangements. That is, “X applies A or B” satisfies any of the foregoing instances if X applies A; X applies B; or both X applies A and B. Additionally, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context to refer to the singular form, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims are generally understood to mean “one or more.”
[0110] Similarly, although this disclosure has been shown and described with respect to one or more implementations, equivalent variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the specification and drawings. This disclosure includes all such modifications and variations and is limited only by the scope of the claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the components described above (e.g., elements, resources, etc.), unless otherwise indicated, the terminology used to describe such components is intended to correspond to any component (functionally equivalent) that performs the specific function of the described component, even if structurally not equivalent to the disclosed structure. Furthermore, although specific features of this disclosure may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such features may be combined with one or more other features of other implementations, as may be desired and advantageous to any given or particular application. Moreover, with regard to the terms “comprising,” “owning,” “having,” “having,” or variations thereof as used in the detailed description or claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “including.”
[0111] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.
[0112] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A discharge circuit, characterized by comprising: The application relates to a power output module for converting direct current into alternating current and outputting the alternating current to an electrical load through an output live wire and an output zero wire. A first relay is connected in series between a discharge port of the output live wire and a first discharge port of the power output module. A second relay is connected in series between a discharge port of the output zero wire and a second discharge port of the power output module. An insulation detection module is electrically connected to the output live wire and the output zero wire and is used for detecting insulation impedance of the output live wire and the output zero wire to the ground. A microcontroller is electrically connected to the insulation detection module, the power output module and the first relay and / or the second relay. The insulation detection module comprises a first test power supply, a third relay, a fourth relay, a first impedance, a second impedance and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).
2. The discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized by The first test power supply is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire and supplies power to the insulation detection module. A first end of the third relay is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire, a second end of the third relay is electrically connected to a first end of the first impedance, and a second end of the first impedance is electrically connected to a first sampling pin of the ADC to sample a first signal. The second end of the third relay is also electrically connected to a first end of the fourth relay, a second end of the fourth relay is electrically connected to a first end of the second impedance, and a second end of the second impedance is electrically connected to a second sampling pin of the ADC to sample a second signal. An output pin of the ADC is electrically connected to the microcontroller to transmit the first signal and the second signal. The microcontroller is used for calculating the insulation impedance based on the first signal and the second signal, and issuing a first control signal to the power output module to make the power output module output alternating current when the insulation impedance is greater than a preset threshold.
3. The discharge circuit of claim 2, wherein A second control signal is issued to the first relay and the second relay to make the first relay and the second relay close. The insulation detection module further comprises a fifth relay, a third impedance and a fourth impedance.
4. The discharge circuit of claim 2, wherein A first end of the fifth relay is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output zero wire, a second end of the fifth relay is electrically connected to a first end of the third impedance, and a third sampling pin of the ADC is electrically connected to a second end of the third impedance to sample a third signal. The second end of the fifth relay is also electrically connected to a first end of the fourth relay, a third end of the fourth relay is electrically connected to a first end of the fourth impedance, and a fourth sampling pin of the ADC is electrically connected to a second end of the fourth impedance to sample a fourth signal. An output pin of the ADC is electrically connected to the microcontroller to transmit the third signal and the fourth signal. The insulation detection module comprises a second test power supply, a sixth relay, a seventh relay, a fifth impedance, a sixth impedance and an amplifier.
5. The discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein The second test power supply is electrically connected to the discharge port of the output live wire and supplies power to the insulation detection module. A first end of the sixth relay is electrically connected to a discharge port of the output live wire, a second end of the sixth relay is electrically connected to a first end of the fifth impedance, and a second end of the fifth impedance is electrically connected to a first input end of the amplifier; The second end of the sixth relay is also electrically connected to a first end of the seventh relay, a second end of the seventh relay is electrically connected to a first end of the sixth impedance, and a second end of the sixth impedance is electrically connected to the first input end of the amplifier; A first output end of the amplifier is electrically connected to the microcontroller.
6. The discharge circuit of claim 5, wherein The microcontroller comprises an ADC module; A first input pin of the ADC module is electrically connected to the first output end of the amplifier.
7. The discharge circuit according to claim 6, characterized by The insulation detection module further comprises an eighth relay, a seventh impedance, and an eighth impedance; A first end of the eighth relay is electrically connected to a discharge port of the output zero line, a second end of the eighth relay is electrically connected to a first end of the seventh impedance, and a second end of the seventh impedance is electrically connected to a second input end of the amplifier; The second end of the eighth relay is also electrically connected to the first end of the seventh relay, a third end of the seventh relay is electrically connected to a first end of the eighth impedance, and a second end of the eighth impedance is electrically connected to the second input end of the amplifier; A second output end of the amplifier is electrically connected to a second input pin of the ADC module.
8. The discharge circuit of claim 7, wherein The microcontroller is further configured to: In response to the insulation impedance being greater than a preset threshold, a third control signal is sent to the seventh relay to make the seventh relay open.
9. The discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein The power output module comprises a vehicle-mounted charger. The vehicle-mounted charger comprises an inverter.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The discharge circuit comprises the insulation detection module and the power output module. The discharge circuit comprises the insulation detection module and the power output module.