Pneumatic precision seeder

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pneumatic type precision seeder which comprises a seeder main body and a cover body, a seed inlet pipe is fixedly arranged on the surface of the cover body, a negative pressure cavity used for providing power for adsorbing seeds and a working cavity used for seeding the seeds are arranged in the seeder main body, and the negative pressure cavity is communicated with the working cavity. An air guide pipe is fixedly mounted on the surface of the seeder main body, through the arrangement of a shielding assembly, a pull plate is pulled outwards, so that an insertion rod is moved out of an insertion hole, the pull plate is rotated to drive a gear to rotate, a gear ring and a baffle rotate, and a through hole is driven to move; the effective ventilation hole diameter of the seed suction hole is changed along with the change of the seed suction hole, so that different effective ventilation hole diameters can be correspondingly adjusted for different crop seeds (such as oilseed rape, wheat and peanuts), stable adsorption is ensured, the precision of single-seed adsorption is improved, and the situation that multiple-seed adsorption is caused by too large hole diameters or suction leakage is caused by too small hole diameters is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically a pneumatic precision seeder. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of agricultural cultivation technology and the promotion of precision agriculture, the requirements for sowing machinery are getting higher and higher. At present, the commonly used sowing machinery and equipment is the pneumatic precision seeder. The pneumatic precision seeder is a machine that uses the pressure difference formed by airflow to adsorb seeds for sowing. According to its working principle, it is divided into air suction type, air pressure type and air blowing type. Pneumatic seeding has the advantages of not damaging seeds, strong versatility, and suitability for high-speed operation.

[0003] In modern agricultural production, commonly used pneumatic seeders often require disassembly to replace the seeding discs when planting seeds of different sizes. This process is not only cumbersome but also time-consuming, significantly reducing the efficiency of the seeder in actual use. Therefore, this invention provides a pneumatic precision seeder to solve the aforementioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pneumatic precision seeder to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A pneumatic precision seeder includes a seeder body and a cover. A seed inlet tube is fixedly installed on the surface of the cover. The seeder body has a negative pressure chamber for providing power for seed adsorption and a working chamber for seed sowing. An air guide tube is fixedly installed on the surface of the seeder body. A partition is fixedly installed inside the negative pressure chamber. An air guide groove is formed on the surface of the partition. A seed drop opening is formed on the surface of the seeder body to facilitate seed falling into the soil. A main shaft is rotatably installed inside the seeder body. A seeding disc is fixedly installed on the surface of the main shaft. A seed suction hole is formed on the surface of the seeding disc. A shielding component is provided on the surface of the seed suction hole to adjust the effective ventilation diameter of the seed suction hole.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the shielding component includes a baffle that is rotatably mounted on the surface of the seeding tray, the surface of the baffle having a through hole, and a toothed ring fixedly mounted on the inner side of the baffle.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the seeding tray is provided with a drive assembly that provides power for the movement of the baffle. The drive assembly includes a rotating shaft that is rotatably installed inside the seeding tray. A gear is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft, and the gear meshes with a gear ring.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a second spring groove is provided inside the rotating shaft, a second elastic spring is fixedly installed inside the second spring groove, a movable block is fixedly installed at one end of the second elastic spring, a movable rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the movable block, and a pull plate is fixedly installed at one end of the movable rod.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a plug rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the pull plate, and a plurality of plug holes are provided on the surface of the seeding tray, which are arranged corresponding to the plug rod.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this invention, an annular gasket is embedded in the surface of the seeding tray, and the surface of the annular gasket is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. When this utility model is used, a first elastic spring is provided in the first spring groove. When the first elastic spring is in a compressed state, it can push the annular gasket to fit tightly against the baffle, which can compensate for the wear of the annular gasket and prevent air leakage from gaps.

[0014] 2. When using this utility model, by setting up the shielding component, pulling the pull plate outward causes the insertion rod to move out of the insertion hole. Rotating the pull plate drives the gear to rotate, causing the gear ring and the baffle to rotate, which in turn drives the position of the through hole to move. As the overlap area between the through hole and the seed suction hole gradually changes, the effective ventilation diameter of the seed suction hole also changes accordingly. This allows for different effective ventilation diameters to be adjusted for different crop seeds (such as rapeseed, wheat, and peanuts), ensuring stable adsorption, improving the accuracy of single-seed adsorption, and avoiding situations where multiple seeds are adsorbed due to excessively large pore size, or where seed suction is missed due to excessively small pore size. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic precision seeder.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a pneumatic precision seeder.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the partition in a pneumatic precision seeder.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the seeding disc in a pneumatic precision seeder.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a baffle in a pneumatic precision seeder.

[0020] Figure 6 This is an enlarged view of section A of a pneumatic precision seeder.

[0021] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of section B of a pneumatic precision seeder.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Seeder body; 2. Cover; 3. First flange; 4. Second flange; 5. Fixing bolt; 6. Seed inlet pipe; 7. Negative pressure chamber; 8. Working chamber; 9. Air guide pipe; 10. Partition plate; 11. Air guide groove; 12. Seed drop port; 13. Main shaft; 14. Seeding tray; 15. Seed suction hole; 16. Baffle plate; 17. Sliding block; 18. Sliding groove; 19. Through hole; 20. Gear ring; 21. First spring groove; 22. First elastic spring; 23. Annular gasket; 24. Rotating shaft; 25. Gear; 26. Second spring groove; 27. Second elastic spring; 28. Movable block; 29. ​​Movable rod; 30. Pull plate; 31. Insert rod; 32. Insertion hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-7 In this embodiment of the utility model, a pneumatic precision seeder includes a seeder body 1 and a cover 2. A first flange 3 is fixedly installed on the surface of the seeder body 1, and a second flange 4 is fixedly installed on the surface of the cover 2. A fixing bolt 5 is threaded onto the surface of the second flange 4. A seed inlet pipe 6 is fixedly installed on the surface of the cover 2. The seeder body 1 has a negative pressure chamber 7 for providing power for seed adsorption and a working chamber 8 for seed sowing. An air guide pipe 9 is fixedly installed on the surface of the seeder body 1. A partition 10 is fixedly installed inside the negative pressure chamber 7. An air guide groove 11 is opened on the surface of the partition 10. A seed drop port 12 is opened on the surface of the seeder body 1 to facilitate the seeds falling into the soil. A main shaft 13 is rotatably installed inside the seeder body 1. A seeding disc 14 is fixedly installed on the surface of the main shaft 13. A seed suction hole 15 is opened on the surface of the seeding disc 14. A shielding component for adjusting the effective ventilation diameter of the seed suction hole 15 is provided on the surface of the seeding disc 14.

[0025] The shielding assembly includes a baffle 16 rotatably mounted on the surface of the seeding tray 14. To ensure that the baffle 16 can rotate stably, a slider 17 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the baffle 16. A groove 18 is provided inside the seeding tray 14. The slider 17 is located inside the groove 18 and is slidably connected to the groove 18. A through hole 19 is provided on the surface of the baffle 16. A toothed ring 20 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the baffle 16.

[0026] The seeding tray 14 is equipped with a drive assembly that provides power for the movement of the baffle 16. The drive assembly includes a rotating shaft 24 that is rotatably installed inside the seeding tray 14. A gear 25 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft 24, and the gear 25 meshes with the gear ring 20.

[0027] To facilitate limiting the rotation shaft 24 and prevent the baffle 16 from moving unexpectedly, a second spring groove 26 is provided inside the rotation shaft 24. A second elastic spring 27 is fixedly installed inside the second spring groove 26. A movable block 28 is fixedly installed at one end of the second elastic spring 27. A movable rod 29 is fixedly installed on the surface of the movable block 28. A pull plate 30 is fixedly installed at one end of the movable rod 29. An insertion rod 31 is fixedly installed on the surface of the pull plate 30. An insertion hole 32 is provided on the surface of the seeding tray 14. Multiple insertion holes 32 are provided and are corresponding to the insertion rods 31.

[0028] An annular gasket 23 is embedded in the surface of the seeding tray 14. The surface of the annular gasket 23 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to reduce the sliding resistance of the baffle 16. In order to improve the airtightness between the seeding tray 14 and the baffle 16, compensate for the wear of the annular gasket 23, and avoid air leakage, a first spring groove 21 is opened inside the seeding tray 14. A first elastic spring 22 is fixedly installed inside the first spring groove 21. One end of the first elastic spring 22 is fixedly connected to the annular gasket 23. The annular gasket 23 is fitted to the baffle 16.

[0029] The working principle of this invention is as follows: A certain amount of seeds are added into the working chamber 8 of the seeder body 1 through the seed inlet tube 6. An external negative pressure fan is connected through the air guide tube 9, creating a negative pressure environment in the negative pressure chamber 7. During the tillage and sowing process, the external power drives the main shaft 13 to rotate, causing the seeding disc 14 to rotate accordingly. As the seeding disc 14 rotates, it drives the seed suction hole 15 to rotate. When the seed suction hole 15 is aligned with the air guide groove 11, a negative pressure environment is formed at the seed suction hole 15, thereby adsorbing the seeds in the working chamber 8. The seed hole 15 allows the seeds to rotate with the seeding tray 14. When the seed suction hole 15 is separated from the air guide groove 11, the negative pressure adsorption effect disappears, and the seeds fall into the soil from the seed drop outlet 12 under the action of gravity, completing the seed sowing. The annular gasket 23 improves the airtightness between the seeding tray 14 and the baffle 16, preventing negative pressure leakage. At the same time, a first elastic spring 22 is provided in the first spring groove 21. When the first elastic spring 22 is in a compressed state, it can push the annular gasket 23 to press tightly against the baffle 16, which can compensate for the negative pressure leakage. Wear of the annular gasket 23 prevents air leakage. When sowing seeds of different sizes is required, loosen the fixing bolt 5, remove the cover 2, and pull the pull plate 30 outward to move the movable block 28 and the movable rod 29. The second elastic spring 27 is compressed, driving the insertion rod 31 to move out of the insertion hole 32. Rotating the pull plate 30 causes the movable rod 29 and the rotating shaft 24 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 25 to rotate. The gear 25 meshes with the gear ring 20, causing the gear ring 20 to rotate, thus... The baffle 16 is rotated, causing the position of the through hole 19 on the baffle 16 to move. As the overlapping area of ​​the through hole 19 and the seed suction hole 15 gradually changes, the effective ventilation diameter of the seed suction hole 15 also changes accordingly. The airflow can only pass through the effective ventilation diameter to achieve seed adsorption. This allows for different effective ventilation diameters to be adjusted for different crop seeds (such as rapeseed, wheat, and peanuts), ensuring stable adsorption, improving the accuracy of single-seed adsorption, and avoiding situations where multiple seeds are adsorbed due to excessively large pore size, or where seed leakage occurs due to excessively small pore size.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatic precision seeder, comprising a seeder body (1) and a cover (2), characterized in that, The surface of the cover (2) is fixedly equipped with a seed inlet tube (6). The inside of the seeder body (1) is provided with a negative pressure chamber (7) for providing power for seed adsorption and a working chamber (8) for seed sowing. The surface of the seeder body (1) is fixedly equipped with an air guide tube (9). The inside of the negative pressure chamber (7) is fixedly equipped with a partition (10). The surface of the partition (10) is provided with an air guide groove (11). The surface of the seeder body (1) is provided with a seed drop opening (12) to facilitate the seeds falling into the soil. The inside of the seeder body (1) is rotatably equipped with a main shaft (13). The surface of the main shaft (13) is fixedly equipped with a seeding disc (14). The surface of the seeding disc (14) is provided with a seed suction hole (15). The surface of the seeding disc (14) is provided with a shielding component for adjusting the effective ventilation diameter of the seed suction hole (15).

2. The pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding assembly includes a baffle (16) rotatably mounted on the surface of the seeding tray (14), the surface of the baffle (16) having a through hole (19), and a toothed ring (20) fixedly mounted on the inner side of the baffle (16).

3. A pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeding tray (14) is provided with a drive assembly that provides power for the movement of the baffle (16). The drive assembly includes a rotating shaft (24) that is rotatably installed inside the seeding tray (14). A gear (25) is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft (24), and the gear (25) meshes with a gear ring (20).

4. A pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (24) has a second spring groove (26) inside, and a second elastic spring (27) is fixedly installed inside the second spring groove (26). A movable block (28) is fixedly installed at one end of the second elastic spring (27). A movable rod (29) is fixedly installed on the surface of the movable block (28), and a pull plate (30) is fixedly installed at one end of the movable rod (29).

5. A pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the pull plate (30) is fixedly installed with a plug rod (31), and the surface of the seeding tray (14) is provided with a plug hole (32). There are multiple plug holes (32), which are arranged corresponding to the plug rod (31).

6. A pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the seeding tray (14) is inlaid with an annular gasket (23), and the surface of the annular gasket (23) is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

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