Rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gas

Abstract

A rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gas relates to the technical field of volatile organic gas treatment and comprises a cavity, a rotary drum, a rotating shaft and a motor arranged outside the cavity and connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The rotary drum is horizontally and rotationally arranged in the cavity through a rotary shaft and comprises a rotary drum front side plate, a rotary drum rear side plate and a plurality of layers of concentric cylindrical fillers fixed between the rotary drum front side plate and the rotary drum rear side plate; the rotating shaft penetrates through the middle of the rotating drum and is arranged in the cavity, the rotating shaft is hollow, two ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the cavity, one end is a closed end, the other end is an open end, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the surface of the rotating shaft; an air inlet is formed in the top end of the cavity, an air outlet is formed in the open end of the rotating shaft, the air inlet and the air outlet are both connected with pressure sensing devices, and the pressure sensing devices are in signal connection with the motor 7 through a control unit, automatically adjust the rotating speed of the rotating drum along with the change of pressure drop in the reactor and are used for generating shearing force on a biological membrane on the surface of filler. And controlling the thickness of the biological membrane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of volatile organic gas treatment technology, and specifically to a rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases. Background Technology

[0002] Fossil fuel power generation, chemical industry, and pharmaceutical industry produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs). When these VOCs enter the atmosphere, they pose potential hazards to the ecological environment and human health. Inhalation of these substances can cause dizziness, eye irritation, asthma, liver and kidney damage, and even induce cancer.

[0003] While physical or physicochemical methods can treat most volatile organic compounds, they require high energy costs, special operational safety procedures, and can generate secondary pollution. Compared to physical or physicochemical methods, biological methods are lower in cost, more environmentally friendly, and exhibit significant stability. Among them, biotrickling filtration technology has attracted widespread attention due to its large treatment capacity, ease of operation, low energy consumption, and low operating costs. However, the nutrient solution spraying method in biotrickling filtration reactors can easily lead to poor mass transfer between the nutrient solution and the microorganisms on the packing surface, resulting in uneven biofilm growth on the packing surface, limited biofilm quantity, and unsatisfactory reactor treatment efficiency, thus hindering its widespread engineering application. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases, in order to solve the technical problems of uneven mass transfer of nutrient solution, uncontrolled biofilm growth, and low treatment efficiency in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases, comprising a cavity, a drum, a shaft, and a motor disposed outside the cavity and connected to one end of the shaft; the drum is horizontally rotatable inside the cavity via the shaft, and the drum includes a front side plate, a rear side plate, and several layers of concentric cylindrical packing fixed between the two; the shaft passes through the middle of the drum and is disposed inside the cavity, the shaft is hollow inside, and extends out of the cavity at both ends, one end being a closed end and the other end being an open end, and the surface of the shaft is provided with several air holes; the top of the cavity is provided with an air inlet, and the open end of the shaft is provided with an exhaust port, both the air inlet and the exhaust port are connected to pressure sensing devices, the pressure sensing devices are signal-connected to the motor via a control unit, and automatically adjust the rotation speed of the drum according to the pressure drop inside the reactor, thereby generating shear force on the biofilm on the surface of the packing and controlling the thickness of the biofilm.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the cavity is further provided with a water inlet and a drain outlet on one side. The water inlet is connected to the nutrient solution inlet tank through a nutrient solution transfer pipe, and the drain outlet is connected to the nutrient solution outlet tank through a nutrient solution transfer pipe. This is used to realize the circulation supply of nutrient solution and the discharge of waste liquid, and to maintain a stable balance of nutrient solution volume in the reactor.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the nutrient solution inlet tank is equipped with a pH detection device and a pH automatic control device for automatically monitoring and adjusting the pH value of the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution outlet tank is equipped with a pH detection device for automatic monitoring.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the nutrient solution transfer pipe is equipped with an automatic nutrient solution replacement control device, which includes a nutrient solution transfer pump and a nutrient solution flow rate control device, used to adjust and maintain the nutrient solution inlet and outlet flow rates at the same rate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, a packing sampling port is also provided at the top of the cavity.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the two ends of the plurality of concentric cylindrical packing layers are respectively fixed to the front side plate and the rear side plate of the drum by packing screws.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the motor is a synchronous gear motor, which drives the rotating shaft via a synchronous chain.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. This invention significantly improves the mass transfer efficiency of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface by rotating the drum to drive dynamic contact between the packing and the nutrient solution, thereby enabling more sufficient contact between volatile organic gases and the biofilm and increasing the degradation rate of pollutants.

[0014] 2. This invention uses pressure sensors at the inlet and outlet to measure the reactor pressure drop in real time. This real-time monitoring of the reactor pressure drop is fed back to the motor to automatically adjust the drum speed. When the speed increases, the shear force generated by the nutrient solution on the packing surface strengthens, effectively peeling off excessively thick biofilms. When the speed decreases, the shear force is reduced to promote microbial growth, ensuring the biofilm thickness remains within the optimal range and preventing problems such as clogging of packing pores or insufficient mass transfer.

[0015] 3. The inlet and outlet of this utility model maintain a constant flow rate circulation through an automatic nutrient solution replacement control device, and the pH detection device and automatic pH control device adjust the pH of the nutrient solution in real time to ensure stable microbial activity;

[0016] 4. This utility model achieves anti-clogging design through a multi-layer concentric cylindrical packing structure, eliminating the need for machine shutdown for cleaning, and the packing sampling port facilitates regular inspection and maintenance, thus extending the continuous operation time of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic view showing the installation of the packing material in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of the front side plate of the rotary drum in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft, synchronous chain, and motor in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural connection flange in this utility model;

[0022] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Air inlet, 2. Exhaust outlet, 3. Water inlet, 4. Drain outlet, 5. Nutrient solution inlet tank, 6. Nutrient solution outlet tank, 7. Motor, 8. Pressure sensor, 9. Shaft, 10. Synchronous chain, 11. Packing, 12. Connecting flange, 13. Front side plate of the drum, 14. Rear side plate of the drum, 15. Packing sampling port, 16. Nutrient solution transfer pipe, 17. Automatic nutrient solution replacement control device, 18. Flange bolt, 19. Packing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0025] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "several" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front end," "rear end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered as within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, a rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases includes a rotary bioreactor body, a motor 7, a pressure sensing device 8, and an automatic nutrient solution replacement control device 17; the rotary bioreactor body includes a cavity, a drum, an air inlet 1, an exhaust outlet 2, a water inlet 3, a drain outlet 4, and a rotating shaft 9.

[0027] The rotating drum is rotatably mounted inside the chamber via a rotating shaft 9. The drum is a horizontal cylindrical structure with a diameter and height smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the reactor chamber. The drum includes a front side plate 13, a rear side plate 14, and several layers of concentric cylindrical packing 11 fixed between them. The rotating shaft 9 passes through the middle of the drum and is located inside the chamber. The shaft 9 is hollow inside, extending out of the chamber at both ends, with one end being closed and the other open. The surface of the shaft 9 has several air holes. In this embodiment, the volume of the chamber is 21L, the volume of the packing is 5.12L, and the volume of the nutrient solution inside the reactor is 8L. In actual applications, the volume of each part depends on the amount of gas to be processed.

[0028] As shown in the figure and Figure 3 As shown, the two ends of the plurality of cylindrical packing layers 11 are respectively fixed to the front side plate 13 and the rear side plate 14 of the drum by packing screws 19. In this embodiment, the packing 11 is made of polyurethane, but in practical applications, any material with appropriate porosity can be selected as the packing.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the motor 7 is located outside the cavity and connected to one end of the rotating shaft 9. The motor 7 is a synchronous gear motor, which drives the rotating shaft 9 through the synchronous chain 10, thereby causing the drum to rotate.

[0030] The cavity is equipped with an air inlet 1 at its top and an exhaust port 2 at the open end of the rotating shaft 9. Pressure sensors 8 are connected to both the air inlet 1 and the exhaust port 2. The pressure sensors 8 are connected to a control unit, which in turn is connected to a motor 7 via a signal connection. During operation, the pressure sensors 8 monitor the pressure drop changes inside the reactor in real time and transmit the collected pressure data to the control unit. The control unit quickly analyzes and processes this data, and based on preset pressure drop thresholds and control strategies, automatically sends corresponding control signals to the motor 7 to precisely adjust the drum's rotation speed. The data analysis and control strategy settings are common techniques in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0031] The cavity is also equipped with a water inlet 3 and a drain outlet 4. The water inlet 3 is connected to the nutrient solution inlet tank 5 via a nutrient solution transfer pipe 16, and the drain outlet 4 is connected to the nutrient solution outlet tank 6 via the nutrient solution transfer pipe 16. This is used to realize the circulation supply of nutrient solution and the discharge of waste liquid, and to maintain a stable balance of nutrient solution volume in the reactor. Specifically, multiple air inlets 1, exhaust outlets 2, water inlets 3, and drain outlets 4 can be provided. In this embodiment, one air inlet 1, one exhaust outlet 2, one water inlet 3, and one drain outlet 4 are provided.

[0032] In this embodiment, the nutrient solution inlet tank 5 is equipped with a pH detection device and an automatic pH control device for automatically monitoring and adjusting the pH value of the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution outlet tank 6 is equipped with a pH detection device for automatic monitoring. The nutrient solution transfer pipe 16 is equipped with an automatic nutrient solution replacement control device 17, which includes a nutrient solution transfer pump and a nutrient solution flow rate control device, used to adjust and maintain consistent inlet and outlet flow rates of the nutrient solution.

[0033] The top of the cavity is also provided with a packing sampling port 15.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the left end of the cavity is fixedly connected to the flange 12 by the flange screw 19, forming a multi-functional connection interface with the water inlet 3 and the drain outlet 4. A seal is installed between the flange 12 and the connecting mating surface of the rotating shaft 9.

[0035] The working principle of this bioreactor:

[0036] After the volatile organic waste gas enters the reactor cavity through the inlet 1, it flows tangentially along the drum and completes initial mixing in the gas phase space at the top of the cavity. Subsequently, the waste gas comes into contact with the microorganisms attached to the surface of the packing and permeates into the inner packing layer through the gaps between the packing. After being treated by biodegradation, the purified gas is collected along the pores on the surface of the central axis and finally discharged to the outside of the reactor through the exhaust port 2.

[0037] The drum rotates continuously during operation: when the packing zone rotates to the upper gas phase space, biological treatment of the waste gas is achieved; when submerged in the lower liquid phase zone, microorganisms grow and reproduce. Pressure sensors 8 are installed on the inlet 1 and outlet 2, which, in conjunction with a synchronous gear motor 7, regulate the drum speed. When the pressure drop inside the reactor increases, the pressure sensors trigger the motor 7 to increase its speed, accelerating the drum's rotation and enhancing the shearing force, thus causing excessively thick biofilm to detach. This regulation mechanism ensures that the biofilm thickness is maintained within a suitable range, preventing the formation of a liquid film due to excessive biofilm thickness, thereby preventing clogging of the packing voids and ensuring efficient contact between the waste gas and microorganisms.

[0038] The nutrient solution circulation system supplies fresh nutrient solution from the nutrient solution storage tank 5 to the reactor at a constant flow rate through inlet 3, while simultaneously discharging waste liquid to the recovery tank 6 through outlet 4 at the same flow rate, forming a dynamic equilibrium system. The reactor design ensures that the nutrient solution level remains close to but does not contact the rotating shaft, preventing pore blockage and ensuring that the lower half of the innermost packing layer is fully submerged. The nutrient solution storage tank 5 is equipped with a pH detection device and an automatic pH control device, which can monitor and automatically adjust the pH to the optimal growth range for microorganisms in real time. This circulation system maintains a continuous replenishment of the nutrient solution, providing a stable growth environment for microbial metabolism.

[0039] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model, but the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases, characterized in that: The reactor includes a cavity, a drum, a shaft (9), and a motor (7) located outside the cavity and connected to one end of the shaft (9). The drum is horizontally rotated inside the cavity via the shaft (9). The drum includes a front side plate (13), a rear side plate (14), and several layers of concentric cylindrical packing (11) fixed between them. The shaft (9) passes through the middle of the drum and is located inside the cavity. The shaft (9) is hollow inside and extends out of the cavity at both ends, with one end being a closed end and the other end being an open end. Several air holes are provided on the surface of the shaft (9). An air inlet (1) is provided at the top of the cavity, and an exhaust port (2) is provided at the open end of the shaft (9). Pressure sensing devices (8) are connected to both the air inlet (1) and the exhaust port (2). The pressure sensing devices (8) are connected to the motor (7) via a control unit and automatically adjust the rotation speed of the drum according to the pressure drop inside the reactor. This is used to generate shear force on the biofilm on the surface of the packing (11) and control the thickness of the biofilm.

2. The rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is also provided with an inlet (3) and a drain (4) on one side. The inlet (3) is connected to the nutrient solution inlet tank (5) through the nutrient solution transfer pipe (16), and the drain (4) is connected to the nutrient solution outlet tank (6) through the nutrient solution transfer pipe (16) to realize the circulation supply of nutrient solution and the discharge of waste liquid, and to maintain the stable balance of nutrient solution volume in the reactor.

3. A rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nutrient solution inlet tank (5) is equipped with a pH detection device and a pH automatic control device for automatically monitoring and adjusting the pH value of the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution outlet tank (6) is equipped with a pH detection device for automatic monitoring.

4. A rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nutrient solution transfer pipe (16) is equipped with an automatic nutrient solution replacement control device (17), which includes a nutrient solution transfer pump and a nutrient solution flow rate control device, used to adjust and maintain the nutrient solution inlet and outlet flow rates in a consistent manner.

5. A rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cavity is also provided with a packing sampling port (15).

6. A rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the several layers of concentric cylindrical packing (11) are fixed to the front side plate (13) and the rear side plate (14) of the drum respectively by packing screws (19).

7. A rotary bioreactor for treating volatile organic gases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (7) is a synchronous gear motor, which drives the rotating shaft (9) through the synchronous chain (10) to rotate the drum.

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