High-pressure homogenizing device and system with self-tightening sealing structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-pressure homogenizing device and system with a self-tightening sealing structure, and relates to the technical field of sealing, the high-pressure homogenizing device with the self-tightening sealing structure comprises at least one first sealing ring sleeved between a feeding column and the inner wall of a cylinder body; the at least one second sealing ring is sleeved between the discharging column and the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the discharging column is in sliding fit with the cylinder body; the feeding column is arranged in the cylinder body, and the discharging column is partially arranged in the cylinder body. Second extrusion preventing rings are arranged on the second sealing ring or the two sides of the second sealing ring and are in sliding fit with the discharging column. The self-tightening type sealing structure is simple in design and durable, sealing parts are convenient to mount and dismount, the maintenance and replacement frequency can be remarkably reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged; through effective sealing measures, safe conveying and homogenizing treatment of high-pressure materials are ensured, potential risks caused by leakage to equipment and personnel are avoided, and the safety and reliability of the equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sealing technology, and in particular to a high-pressure homogenizing device and system with a self-tightening sealing structure. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industry, particularly in sectors such as chemical, food processing, and pharmaceuticals, high-pressure homogenization technology has been widely applied due to its unique advantages. This technology enables materials to reach extremely high pressure and shear forces in a very short time, thereby significantly improving the uniformity and stability of products and possessing significant industrial value.

[0003] High-pressure homogenization is a technique for conditioning and modifying fluid materials. Its two main components are a high-pressure pump and a homogenizing valve. The basic principle is to pressurize the material and force it through micron-sized channels to create a supersonic flow. This creates intense impact within a mutually oriented cavity, resulting in particle size reduction and improved flowability, emulsification, stability, homogenization, and transparency under the combined effects of shear force, impact, and cavitation. Compared to ultrasonic, rotary, and high-pressure impact homogenization techniques, high-pressure impact homogenization offers significant efficiency advantages.

[0004] In the material preparation process, the performance of the plunger pump directly determines whether the equipment can generate sufficient pressure to achieve the functions of homogenization, refinement, and dispersion of materials, as it can generate ultra-high pressure and maintain a stable flow rate. Nevertheless, the design of the sealing structure also directly affects the internal pressure, stability, and safety of the equipment, thus impacting the effectiveness of the entire homogenization process. With continuously increasing working pressures, traditional sealing structures are no longer sufficient to meet increasingly stringent industrial demands, especially under ultra-high pressure environments, where leakage or failure is prone to occur, limiting the development and application of high-pressure homogenization technology. The stability and reliability of sealing performance have become a bottleneck restricting the further development of this technology.

[0005] Most current high-pressure homogenizing equipment uses fixed sealing structures, such as O-rings and gaskets. While these sealing methods can meet the sealing requirements under low or medium pressure to some extent, they have significant limitations when facing high-pressure environments. The defects of traditional seals include: under high pressure, traditional seals are prone to deformation, extrusion, or even damage, leading to seal failure; under prolonged high pressure, the sealing material may slowly deform under continuous stress, resulting in a decrease in initial clamping force and thus affecting the sealing effect; high-pressure environments are often accompanied by high temperatures, which accelerates the aging, hardening, or softening of sealing materials, leading to aging, wear, and other problems that reduce their sealing performance; in high-pressure applications, ensuring correct installation and uniform stress on the seals is crucial, and traditional seals require high installation precision, with even minor deviations potentially causing leaks; under extreme high pressure, even small defects or improper installation can become leakage paths because high pressure accelerates the spread of leaks. Therefore, designing a structure that can maintain a stable seal under ultra-high pressure environments is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned problems, the development of self-tightening sealing structures has become a research hotspot in sealing technology. Self-tightening seals automatically adjust the sealing pressure based on changes in internal pressure to adapt to different working pressure conditions, thereby improving the reliability and adaptability of the seal. For example, self-tightening sealing elements such as C-rings, V-rings, and metal bellows can provide more stable and durable sealing performance under high-pressure environments, offering significant advantages over traditional sealing solutions.

[0007] While existing self-tightening sealing technologies have addressed the sealing problems of high-pressure homogenizers to some extent, they still have shortcomings, such as the complexity of the sealing structure, high cost, and limited adaptability to specific operating conditions. Therefore, developing a novel self-tightening sealing structure with multiple sealing structure combinations and the ability to automatically adjust the sealing pressure to adapt to different operating pressures is of great significance for improving the performance of high-pressure homogenizers, reducing maintenance costs, and increasing production efficiency. This invention is based on this need, aiming to create a highly efficient, stable, and easy-to-maintain sealing system for high-pressure homogenizers through an innovative sealing solution that combines the Bridgeman self-tightening sealing structure with other carefully selected self-tightening sealing elements, thereby improving equipment performance, increasing working efficiency, and reducing maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model is proposed.

[0009] Therefore, the problem that this invention aims to solve is that traditional sealing structures are prone to leakage or failure under ultra-high pressure environments.

[0010] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, in a first aspect, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure, comprising: at least one first sealing ring sleeved between a feed column and the inner wall of a cylinder; at least one second sealing ring sleeved between a discharge column and the inner wall of the cylinder, wherein the discharge column is slidably fitted with the cylinder; the feed column is placed inside the cylinder, and the discharge column is partially placed inside the cylinder. The second sealing ring or both sides are provided with second anti-extrusion rings, both of which are slidably fitted with the discharge column.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure described in this utility model, it further includes a feed head fixedly connected to the feed column, and the feed head is provided with a feed inlet inside, which is connected to the feed channel inside the feed column, and the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the feed inlet is larger than the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the feed channel.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure described in this utility model, wherein: a homogenizing head is provided at the end of the discharge column, the homogenizing head is placed in the cylinder body, a discharge channel is provided inside the discharge column, and a collision hollow column receiving channel is provided inside the homogenizing head, the discharge channel is connected to the collision hollow column receiving channel and the two are perpendicular to each other axially.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure described in this utility model, the hollow collision column is placed inside the accommodating channel of the hollow collision column, and the hollow collision column is provided with a jet channel and a connecting channel that are perpendicular to each other in axis, and the connecting channel is coaxial with the discharge channel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with self-tightening sealing structure of the present invention, the first sealing ring has a sealing part, and a platform and a groove respectively disposed on both sides of the sealing part. The sealing part is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder. The platform is used to place the first anti-extrusion ring, and the groove is used to place the O-ring.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure described in this utility model, the second sealing ring has the same size as the second anti-extrusion rings on both sides.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure described in this utility model, the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are made of polyethylene.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure described in this utility model, the first anti-extrusion ring is made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and the second anti-extrusion ring is made of copper.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure described in this utility model, wherein the feed column and the homogenizing head form a material receiving cavity in the cylinder.

[0019] Secondly, this utility model also provides a high-pressure homogenization system, which includes the aforementioned high-pressure homogenization device with a self-tightening sealing structure.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When the internal pressure of the equipment increases, the sealing structure can automatically adjust the sealing effect according to the pressure, ensuring that the sealing performance is not affected by changes in external conditions; the sealing components adopt a multi-structure design, including O-rings, sealing rings, and anti-extrusion rings, which can effectively avoid leakage problems caused by insufficient sealing; the self-tightening sealing structure can automatically adjust the sealing force according to the pressure changes inside the equipment, ensuring the sealing performance under high pressure, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the homogenizing device under various working conditions. In particular, after adopting the Bridgman seal design for the discharge end sealing component, according to the pressure coefficient in Bridgman seal theory, the sealing pressure is closely related to the size of the sealing head. By adjusting these dimensions, the sealing pressure can be effectively changed, thereby adapting to the needs of different working conditions. The advantage of this structure is that it can withstand higher pressure environments, providing a reliable solution for high-pressure applications; due to the simple and durable design of the self-tightening sealing structure and the convenient installation and disassembly of the sealing components, the frequency of maintenance and replacement can be significantly reduced, improving the service life of the equipment; through effective sealing measures, the safe transportation and homogenization of high-pressure materials are ensured, avoiding potential dangers to equipment and personnel caused by leakage, and improving the safety and reliability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sealing ring.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material discharge assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is mutually exclusive, either alone or selectively, with other embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figures 1-5 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides a high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure includes a feeding assembly and a discharging assembly.

[0031] Specifically, the feeding assembly includes a feeding head 11 and a feeding column 1. The feeding head 11 has a feeding port 111 inside, and the feeding column 1 has a feeding channel 112 inside. The feeding port 111 and the feeding channel 112 are connected, and the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the feeding port 111 is larger than the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the feeding channel 112.

[0032] The feed column 11 is placed inside the cylinder 2. A section at the end of the feed column 11, with a smaller diameter than the rest, is used to house the sealing element at the feed end. The sealing element at the feed end includes a first sealing ring 3, which has a sealing portion 31, a platform 32, and a groove 33. The outer diameter surface of the sealing portion 31 fits against the inner wall of the cylinder 2, and the inner diameter surface fits against the outer wall of the feed column 11. The platform 32 is used to house the first anti-extrusion ring 8, and the groove 33 is used to house the O-ring 9. The O-ring 9, together with the first sealing ring 3 and the first anti-extrusion ring 8, maintains tight contact through elastic deformation. The O-ring 9 is located outside the first sealing ring 3, providing a seal and preventing material leakage from the feed end. When the internal pressure increases, the O-ring 9 automatically compresses and forms a stronger seal with the inner wall of the cylinder 2. The first sealing ring 3, located inside the O-ring 9, is the main body of this sealing assembly and, in conjunction with the elastic deformation of the O-ring 9, further enhances the sealing effect. The first anti-extrusion ring 8 is placed in a specially designed installation position, namely on the platform 32. Its function is to block the extrusion channel of the first sealing ring 3 by deforming under pressure, preventing the sealing component from being extruded under high pressure and ensuring the stability of the device.

[0033] The O-ring 9 is made of an elastic material, including but not limited to rubber, silicone or other highly elastic synthetic materials; the first sealing ring 3 may be made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and the first anti-extrusion ring 8 may be made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) to ensure the stability and durability of the seal under high pressure working conditions.

[0034] Furthermore, the discharge assembly includes a homogenizing head 41 and a discharge column 4. The homogenizing head 41 is fixedly connected to the discharge column 4. The homogenizing head 4 is placed inside the cylinder body 2 and forms a material receiving cavity M between itself and the feed column 1. Part of the discharge column 4 is placed inside the cylinder body 2, and part is placed outside the cylinder body 2. The homogenizing head 41 has an internal cavity for receiving hollow impact columns 411, and the discharge column 4 has an internal cavity for discharging 42. The internal cavity for receiving hollow impact columns 411 and the discharging 42 are connected. A hollow impact column 7 is placed inside the hollow impact column receiving channel 411. The internal cavity for receiving hollow impact columns 7 has a jet channel 71 and a connecting channel 72. The diameter of the jet channel 71 is much smaller than the diameter of the connecting channel 72. The connecting channel 72 is coaxial with the discharging channel 42.

[0035] Multiple second sealing rings 5 ​​are provided between the discharge column 4 located inside the cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2. Second anti-extrusion rings 6 are provided on both sides of the second sealing rings 5. The second sealing rings 5 ​​and the second anti-extrusion rings 6 are both fitted onto the discharge column 4 and can slide with it.

[0036] This sealing structure, through multiple precisely designed second sealing rings 5 ​​and second anti-extrusion rings 6, effectively prevents material leakage at the discharge end and adapts to pressure changes in high-pressure environments. A core design feature of this sealing structure is that the tail of the discharge column 4 extends directly out of the homogenizing cylinder, avoiding stress on the small end of the sealing head. According to the Bridgman sealing theory pressure coefficient, the sealing pressure is related to the size of the sealing head; adjusting the size changes the sealing pressure.

[0037] Specifically, the theoretical pressure coefficient K is the effective sealing capacity of the seal under external pressure.

[0038]

[0039] P seal It is the internal pressure of the seal; P ext It is external pressure.

[0040] Calculation method:

[0041] Determine the elastic modulus E of the sealing material: Select a suitable sealing material and find its elastic modulus E.

[0042] Calculate the contact surface pressure P c The contact surface pressure can be calculated using external pressure and the geometry of the sealing head.

[0043]

[0044] Where F is the force applied to the seal; A is the contact area.

[0045] Calculating the deformation of the sealing material: When external pressure is applied to the seal, the sealing material will deform. According to Hooke's Law, the stress and strain of a material are directly proportional.

[0046] σ=E·ε

[0047] Where σ is stress; E is the elastic modulus of the material; and ε is strain.

[0048] Strain can be expressed as the ratio of deformation δ to the initial length L:

[0049]

[0050] Substituting strain into Hooke's law, we get:

[0051]

[0052] Under sealed conditions, the contact surface pressure P c This can be considered as stress σ:

[0053] P c =σ

[0054] Therefore, the relationship between contact surface pressure and deformation can be expressed as:

[0055]

[0056] Calculate the theoretical pressure coefficient K: Substitute the calculated contact surface pressure and sealing deformation into the theoretical pressure coefficient formula to obtain K.

[0057]

[0058] In the Bridgeman seal:

[0059] Area A of the larger end big :

[0060]

[0061] Small end sealing area A small :

[0062]

[0063] The applied force: The force F applied to the sealing head is caused by the external pressure P. ext and the area of ​​the larger end A big calculate.

[0064]

[0065] Calculation of sealing pressure: Sealing pressure P c It is the pressure applied to the small end, which can be expressed as the applied force F and the sealing area A of the small end. small calculate.

[0066]

[0067] Calculation of the proportionality coefficient K:

[0068]

[0069] When D = 4 and d = 0.5, we calculate K ≈ 1.0159;

[0070] When D = 3 and d = 0.5, we calculate K ≈ 1.0286;

[0071] When D = 2 and d = 0.5, we calculate K ≈ 1.0667;

[0072] When D = 1 and d = 0.5, we calculate K ≈ 1.3333;

[0073] When D = 1 and d = 0.1, we calculate K ≈ 1.0101;

[0074] When D = 1 and d = 0.25, we calculate K ≈ 1.0667;

[0075] When D = 1 and d = 0.5, we calculate K ≈ 1.3333;

[0076] When D = 1 and d = 0.75, we can calculate K ≈ 2.2857.

[0077] Based on the above, we can conclude that the theoretical pressure coefficient of the Bridgeman seal indicates that the sealing pressure is closely related to the size and shape of the sealing head, therefore, choosing the appropriate size is crucial.

[0078] Multiple small sealing rings are placed sequentially and form a sealing contact with the sealing surface of the homogenizing cylinder. Each small sealing ring engages with the sealing surface of the homogenizing cylinder through elastic deformation, thereby ensuring a leak-proof seal for the homogenized material. An anti-extrusion ring is located between the small sealing rings, preventing the sealing rings from being squeezed out of position under high pressure. The anti-extrusion ring ensures that the seal remains stable under high pressure, preventing leakage. The materials used for the sealing rings and the anti-extrusion ring have good elasticity and pressure resistance, maintaining the sealing effect under prolonged high-pressure operation, and are also wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant.

[0079] The sealing rings consist of multiple small sealing rings of the same material and size, which can be made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The anti-extrusion rings, however, are made of copper to enhance their high pressure resistance and wear resistance. During material preparation, the sealing material may be worn; using multiple small sealing rings allows for self-compensation, extending the service life of the seal. The design of the discharge end sealing component fully considers the possibility of material backflow and extrusion under high pressure; therefore, an anti-extrusion ring is used for double protection, effectively preventing leakage and material waste.

[0080] Working Principle: When the internal pressure of the high-pressure homogenizer increases, the feed end is pressurized, while the discharge end extends directly outside the homogenizing cylinder and is not under pressure. The sealing rings in the Bridgman seal structure automatically contract, enhancing contact with the sealing surface of the homogenizing cylinder, thereby providing stronger sealing force and preventing material leakage. The elastic materials of the sealing rings and anti-extrusion rings can adjust the sealing performance according to pressure changes, ensuring that the sealing effect is not affected by external pressure changes. Multiple small sealing rings form a tight contact with the sealing surface of the homogenizing cylinder, ensuring that no leakage occurs when the homogenized material is discharged. The function of the anti-extrusion ring is to prevent the sealing ring from being extruded under high pressure, ensuring that the sealing structure remains stable at all times. Through the cooperation of the sealing rings and anti-extrusion rings, the Bridgman seal can maintain sealing performance for a long time under high pressure. When the internal pressure fluctuates during the operation of the device, the sealing structure can automatically adjust, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the device under various operating conditions. The Bridgman seal uses sealing rings made of highly elastic materials, which can maintain good elasticity under high pressure. These sealing rings can automatically adjust their shape with pressure changes, ensuring that the sealing effect is always at its best.

[0081] This embodiment also provides a high-pressure homogenization system, including the aforementioned high-pressure homogenization device with a self-tightening sealing structure.

[0082] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure, characterized in that: include, At least one first sealing ring (3) is fitted between the feed column (1) and the inner wall of the cylinder (2); At least one second sealing ring (5) is sleeved between the discharge column (4) and the inner wall of the cylinder (2), and the discharge column (4) and the cylinder (2) are in sliding fit; The feed column (1) is placed inside the cylinder (2), and the discharge column (4) is partially placed inside the cylinder (2); The second sealing ring (5) or both sides are provided with a second anti-extrusion ring (6) and both are in sliding fit with the discharge column (4).

2. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a feed head (11) fixedly connected to the feed column (1), and the feed head (11) is provided with a feed port (111) inside. The feed port (111) is connected to the feed channel (112) inside the feed column (1). The axial cross-sectional area of ​​the feed port (111) is larger than the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the feed channel (112).

3. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the discharge column (4) is provided with a homogenizing head (41), which is placed inside the cylinder (2). The discharge column (4) is provided with a discharge channel (42), and the homogenizing head (41) is provided with a collision hollow column receiving channel (411). The discharge channel (42) is connected to the collision hollow column receiving channel (411), and the two are perpendicular to each other in axis.

4. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The collision hollow column (7) is placed in the collision hollow column receiving channel (411). The collision hollow column (7) is provided with a jet channel (71) and a connecting channel (72) that are perpendicular to each other. The connecting channel (72) is coaxial with the discharge channel (42).

5. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The first sealing ring (3) has a sealing part (31), and a platform (32) and a groove (33) respectively disposed on both sides of the sealing part (31). The sealing part (31) is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder (2). The platform (32) is used to place the first anti-extrusion ring (8), and the groove (33) is used to place the O-ring (9).

6. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The second sealing ring (5) has the same size as the second anti-extrusion rings (6) on both sides.

7. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The first sealing ring (3) and the second sealing ring (5) are made of polyethylene.

8. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The first anti-extrusion ring (8) is made of polyetheretherketone, and the second anti-extrusion ring (6) is made of copper.

9. The high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The feed column (1) and the homogenizing head (41) form a material receiving cavity (M) inside the cylinder (2).

10. A high-pressure homogenization system, characterized in that: Including the high-pressure homogenizing device with a self-tightening sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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