Ion array charging device and electrostatic filtering device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ion array charging device and an electrostatic filtering device. The ion array charging device comprises a plurality of emission electrodes and a plurality of guide electrodes, and the emission electrodes and the guide electrodes are alternately arranged in parallel at intervals. Potential difference exists between the emission electrodes and the guide electrodes, at least one emission electrode is a needle row, the needle row comprises a plurality of conductive needle-shaped materials which are arranged at intervals, and at least one guide electrode is a conductive material without a tip. Therefore, the high-power lithium ion battery has relatively good charging capability, can reduce working current, inhibits ozone generation, and prolongs the service life of a product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrostatic dust removal technology, and in particular to an ion array charging device and an electrostatic filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] Electrostatic filters have been widely used and developed due to their advantages such as low air resistance and reusability. An electrostatic filter typically consists of two parts: a charging device and a filtering device. The charging device charges fine particulate matter in the air, making it electrically charged. The filtering device uses an electrostatic field to attract these charged particles, achieving air purification.

[0003] How to design a more practical charging device is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] One of the technical problems that this invention aims to solve is how to design a more practical charging device.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an ion array charging device is provided, comprising: a plurality of emitting electrodes and a plurality of guiding electrodes, wherein the plurality of emitting electrodes and the plurality of guiding electrodes are arranged alternately in parallel, and there is a potential difference between the emitting electrodes and the guiding electrodes; at least one of the emitting electrodes is a needle array, the needle array comprising a plurality of conductive needle-like materials arranged at intervals; and at least one of the guiding electrodes is a conductive material without a tip.

[0006] Optionally, the transmitting electrode is connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage power supply, and the guiding electrode is connected to the positive terminal of the high-voltage power supply.

[0007] Optionally, the plurality of conductive needle-like materials are arranged at equal intervals; and / or the spacing between two adjacent conductive needle-like materials is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 30 mm.

[0008] Optionally, at least one of the guiding electrodes is a linear electrode.

[0009] Optionally, the outermost guiding electrode is a plate-shaped electrode, and the guiding electrode in the middle part is a wire-shaped electrode.

[0010] Optionally, the diameter of the linear electrode is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0011] Optionally, when the diameter of the linear electrode is greater than or equal to 2 mm, the linear electrode is a hollow tubular structure.

[0012] Optionally, the spacing between adjacent emitting electrodes and guiding electrodes is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the operating voltage of the pin array is greater than or equal to 8kV and less than or equal to 14kV.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an electrostatic filtration device is provided, comprising: an ion array charging device and an electrostatic adsorption device, wherein the ion array charging device is the ion array charging device described in the first aspect above, and the ion array charging device is located before the electrostatic adsorption device in the airflow direction, so that unpurified air is first charged by the ion array charging device and then filtered by the electrostatic adsorption device.

[0015] This invention, by configuring the emitting electrode as a pin array and the guiding electrode as a conductive material without sharp points, achieves good charging capacity while reducing operating current, suppressing ozone generation, and extending product lifespan. Furthermore, the parallel array configuration simplifies the structure, reduces resistance, and saves costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the wire plate type charging device is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a pinhole charging device is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram is shown showing the absorption of ions released by the emission electrode by the guiding electrode.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the electric field line density between two electrodes of the same polarity is shown.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of ion concentration distribution in a pin array-based wire plate charging device is shown.

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the comparison of ion concentrations with and without airflow is presented.

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an ion array charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ion array charging device according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0026] Currently, there are two main charging methods: field-electric charging and ion diffusion charging.

[0027] Field-type charging refers to providing a high-density ion curtain perpendicular to the ventilation direction throughout the entire ventilation area of ​​the air duct, charging fine particulate matter passing through the ion curtain. Field-type charging is mainly used in applications requiring high single-pass filtration efficiency. That is, it achieves single-pass filtration by electrostatically adsorbing and charging unpurified air in a single pass.

[0028] Ion diffusion charging refers to increasing the ion concentration in a space through ion diffusion, thereby charging the unpurified air within the space. Ion diffusion charging is mainly used in recirculating filtration applications.

[0029] This invention aims to improve field-electric charging devices. Therefore, the charging devices described below are all field-electric charging devices. Field-electric charging devices can also be called ion array charging devices.

[0030] The charging device includes a transmitting electrode and a guiding electrode.

[0031] The emitting electrode is usually made of needle tip or fine wire. The finer and sharper the emitting electrode, the easier it is to excite and release negative ions.

[0032] To ensure that ions can fill the entire effective working area, the emitting electrode and the guiding electrode are usually arranged in a dual manner, i.e., in a wire plate or pinhole manner.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the wire plate type charging device is shown.

[0034] Figure 1 The blue plate-shaped part in the image represents the guiding electrode. Figure 1 The red line in the diagram represents the emitting electrode.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the wire-plate charging device uses a metal wire as the emitting electrode and a metal plate parallel to the ventilation direction as the guiding electrode. The emitting and guiding electrodes are arranged in a one-dimensional parallel configuration.

[0036] The advantage of a line-plate charging device is that when the charging device is integrated with the dust collection device (i.e., the electrostatic adsorption device), the guiding electrode can be combined with the dust collection metal plate, thereby reducing the complexity of the product.

[0037] The main problems with wire-plate charging devices are high operating current and high ozone emissions. To minimize these issues, the charging filament of the emitting electrode needs to be made of a thinner material. However, the thinner the filament, the more prone it is to damage due to aging. Simultaneously, the guiding electrode also requires certain treatments; for example, its edges must be free of sharp points or thorns. The presence of such points will significantly degrade the performance of the charging device. Using a metal plate as the guiding electrode results in relatively sharp edges. Therefore, this type of solution typically requires a certain width for the metal plate, ensuring its edges are far from the emitting electrode, which significantly increases the product thickness.

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a pinhole charging device is shown.

[0039] Figure 2 The red part is the needle tip, and the blue part is the perforated metal plate.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the pinhole charging device uses a perforated metal plate as the guiding electrode and a needle tip as the emitting electrode, forming a two-dimensional array. Using a needle tip as the emitting electrode makes it easier to induce electron emission, and the needle tip will not break due to long-term use. The problem with the pinhole charging device is that the outer frame (i.e., the perforated metal plate) increases the device's wind resistance. Furthermore, the outer frame manufacturing process is quite demanding; burrs on the edges of the outer frame will severely degrade the charging device's performance. Therefore, the material and manufacturing costs of the entire outer frame are very high.

[0041] In order to improve the above situation, this utility model attempts to optimize the charging device.

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram is shown showing the absorption of ions released by the emission electrode by the guiding electrode.

[0043] Figure 3 The left-hand view in the image is a schematic diagram showing ions released by the needle-shaped emitting electrode in a pinhole charging device being absorbed by the ring-shaped guiding electrode. Figure 3 The right-hand view in the diagram is a schematic diagram showing ions released by the linear emitting electrode in a linear plate-type charging device being absorbed by the plate-shaped guiding electrode. Figure 3 The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of ion movement. Figure 3 The red dots in the image represent needle-shaped emitting electrodes. Figure 3 The blue circle in the image represents the annular guide electrode. Figure 3 The red lines in the image represent linear emitting electrodes. Figure 3The blue lines in the diagram represent plate-shaped guide electrodes.

[0044] It should be understood that the initial particles emitted when the emitting electrode is a negative electrode, or absorbed when the emitting electrode is a positive electrode, are electrons. The electrons emitted or absorbed by the emitting electrode ionize gas molecules, ultimately generating a large number of ions. When unpurified air (such as dust particles) passes through a charged device, it is primarily charged by the attachment of ions. Therefore, the ions released by the emitting electrode refer to the ions generated by the collisions between the electrons emitted or absorbed by the emitting electrode and gas molecules.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, both pinhole-type and wire-plate-type charging devices essentially rely on guiding electrodes to direct and absorb ions released by the emitter electrode. Therefore, a pinhole-type emitter electrode requires a ring-shaped guiding electrode; a wire-type emitter electrode requires wire-shaped or plate-shaped guiding electrodes in both directions. In this way, under the guiding absorption effect of the guiding electrodes, the ions released by the emitter electrode can fill the entire working area (i.e., the charging region) of the charging device, resulting in balanced and complete performance across the entire working area. The working region refers to the area through which the gas can pass through the charging device. That is, all areas through which the gas can pass through the charging device can be considered the working region.

[0046] The emission voltage of ions is determined by the shape of the emitting electrode. The sharper the emitting electrode, the lower the emission voltage. Therefore, the emitting electrode must be configured in a pointed or filament shape. Filament shapes are unstable and prone to breakage, and their performance as emitting electrodes is inferior to that of pointed electrodes. Pointed electrodes can be serrated or needle-shaped. Needle-shaped tips emit ions more easily and require a lower emission voltage; therefore, the emitting electrode of this invention adopts a needle-shaped tip.

[0047] To ensure that the ions released by the emitting electrode cover the entire working area of ​​the charging device, the pointed emitting electrode is typically paired with a ring-shaped guiding electrode. However, this structure is complex, and the guiding electrode is costly to implement. Therefore, this invention proposes to configure both the emitting electrode and the guiding electrode as straight lines, arranged in parallel and alternating intervals. The needle-tip type emitting electrode is configured as a line, that is, multiple needle-tip type emitting electrodes are placed side by side to form a needle array.

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the electric field line density between two electrodes of the same polarity is shown.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, when needle-shaped emitter electrodes of the same polarity are placed side by side, the electric field line density between two adjacent needle tips will be very low due to the repulsion of like charges, and the concentration of ions in this region will decrease.

[0050] Therefore, when the needle-tip type emitting electrode is configured as a wire and forms a wire plate charging device with the guiding electrode, a situation with low ion concentration (such as ion voids) will occur at the position between two adjacent needle tips.

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of ion concentration distribution in a pin array-based wire plate charging device is shown.

[0052] Figure 5 The blue lines in the diagram represent the guide electrodes. Figure 5 The red dots in the image represent needle-tip type emitting electrodes. Figure 5 The yellow dots in the diagram represent regions with low ion concentrations (such as ion voids).

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, when the charging device is arranged in the manner of needle array + wire plate, the ion concentration at the position between the two needle tips (i.e., the yellow area in the figure) is low, and ion voids may even be formed.

[0054] Therefore, while designing a charging device using a pin array + wire plate configuration offers advantages such as "the emitting electrode is easier to excite electron emission, and the needle tip will not break due to long-term use" and "the guiding electrode is not expensive to implement," the feasibility of this approach is not considered by those skilled in the art due to the widespread and long-standing perception that "the ion concentration between two adjacent needle tips will be very low." In other words, the "charging device arranged in a pin array + wire plate configuration" is a scheme rejected by those skilled in the art due to technical bias.

[0055] This invention overcomes the technical prejudice that "the ion concentration between two adjacent needle tips will be very low" by inventing a method where the gas to be purified in the electrostatic filtration device is flowing. When the flowing gas passes through the charging device, it will create a disturbance. This disturbance will play a certain role in balancing the ion concentration in the working area of ​​the charging device, thus increasing the ion concentration between two adjacent needle tips to a certain extent, thereby solving the problem of "the ion concentration between two adjacent needle tips will be very low".

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the comparison of ion concentrations with and without airflow is presented. Figure 6 In the diagram, red represents needle arrays, blue represents guide electrodes, yellow represents areas with low ion concentration, and green arrows indicate the direction of airflow.

[0057] like Figure 6As shown, the disturbance created by air passing through the charging device can, to some extent, reduce the area of ​​the region with low ion concentration between two adjacent needle tips, thus mitigating the impact of ion voids. In other words, under the influence of air disturbance, ion voids will only partially weaken the charging capacity, and there will be no situation where there is no charging effect at all in some areas.

[0058] In addition, the influence of ion voids can be reduced by adjusting the gap between the discharge needles.

[0059] Therefore, the first optimization of this invention is the use of a pin array as the emitting electrode.

[0060] Based on this, the present invention proposes an ion array charging device.

[0061] The ion array charging device includes multiple emitter electrodes and multiple guide electrodes.

[0062] Multiple emitting electrodes and multiple guiding electrodes are arranged in parallel and alternately at intervals.

[0063] There is a potential difference between the emitting electrode and the guiding electrode. The emitting electrode and the guiding electrode can be two electrodes with opposite polarities. Alternatively, the emitting electrode and the guiding electrode can have the same polarity but have a certain potential difference. In some exemplary embodiments, the emitting electrode can be connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage power supply, and the guiding electrode can be connected to the positive terminal of the high-voltage power supply.

[0064] At least one emitter electrode (e.g., some or all of the emitter electrodes) is a needle array. The needle array comprises a plurality of conductive needle-like materials arranged at intervals. The plurality of conductive needle-like materials in the needle array may be arranged at equal intervals. The conductive needle-like materials may include, but are not limited to, metal needles (such as tungsten needles) and carbon fibers.

[0065] The guide electrode adjacent to the needle array is made of a conductive material without sharp points.

[0066] The guiding electrode can be a linear electrode or a plate electrode.

[0067] In some embodiments, at least one guiding electrode may be a wire electrode.

[0068] The guiding electrode is used to guide at least a portion of the ions released by the adjacent emitting electrode (such as a needle array), forming an ion curtain from the emitting electrode to the guiding electrode. The ion curtain is perpendicular to the airflow direction, and unpurified air passes through the ion curtain and becomes charged.

[0069] The ion curtain can be filled with charged regions due to the air disturbance caused by the passing of unpurified air through the ion array charging device. The area between two adjacent conductive needle-like materials in the needle array is all within the charged region.

[0070] This invention uses the same test conditions to conduct experiments on emitting electrodes with different configurations. The charging device is approximately 500*300mm in size. The guiding electrode uses a 30mm wide metal plate. The emitting electrode includes 0.1mm and 0.2mm diameter tungsten wires, and the needle array uses tungsten needles with a 20mm spacing between the needles within the array. The experimental results are shown in the table below.

[0071]

[0072] Based on the above experimental results, the following conclusions can be drawn: a 20mm tungsten needle gap can achieve full-area charging of the effective ventilation area of ​​the charging device; thin tungsten wires are more effective than thick tungsten wires; tungsten needles are more effective than tungsten wires, and under the same spacing conditions, lower voltage and lower operating current can achieve better charging effect, i.e., purification efficiency; increasing the gap between the tungsten needle and the guiding electrode can further reduce the operating current and achieve a basically equivalent charging effect.

[0073] Therefore, using needle arrays instead of tungsten filaments can effectively improve charging efficiency and reduce operating current. Lower operating current means lower ozone emissions and safer equipment. Furthermore, tungsten needles are less prone to breakage and have a much longer lifespan than tungsten filaments.

[0074] This invention also conducted needle array experiments with different tungsten needle spacings. In these experiments, the gap between the tungsten needles and the guiding electrode was 30 mm. The experimental results are shown in the table below.

[0075] tungsten needle spacing 10mm tungsten needle spacing 20mm tungsten needle spacing 30mm Voltage (kV) 12 11 11 Current (uA) 158 146 197 Optimal efficiency 95.1％ 97.8％ 94.9％

[0076] The above experimental results show that both larger and smaller tungsten needle spacing reduce the charging capability of the charging device. Therefore, it can be concluded that the tungsten needle spacing does not need to be very dense, nor is denser spacing necessarily better. The experimental data shows that with a 30mm gap between the emitting and guiding electrodes, a 20mm tungsten needle spacing yields the best results, lowest current, and highest efficiency. Both decreasing and increasing the spacing lead to a certain degree of performance degradation.

[0077] This invention adjusts the gap between the emitting electrode and the guiding electrode to 20mm, and then conducts experiments with different tungsten needle spacings. The experimental results are shown in the table below.

[0078] tungsten needle spacing 10mm tungsten needle spacing 20mm tungsten needle spacing 30mm Voltage (kV) 9 11 11 Current (uA) 318 485 670 Optimal efficiency 96.8％ 97.7％ 93.8％

[0079] As can be seen, a 20mm spacing still offers the best performance. Reducing the tungsten needle spacing lowers the required operating voltage, but also decreases efficiency. Increasing the tungsten needle spacing increases the current, leading to a significant drop in efficiency. Therefore, the overall tungsten needle spacing within the needle array generally follows this trend: excessively large or small spacing results in unsatisfactory performance, with the middle region exhibiting better performance. Tungsten needle spacing within the range of 10mm to 30mm exhibits relatively stable performance, and this spacing range does not cause practical production limitations.

[0080] Therefore, in some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent conductive needle-like materials (such as tungsten needles) in the same needle array is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 30 mm. Furthermore, these experimental data regarding different tungsten needle spacings also demonstrate the feasibility of designing a charging device using a needle array + wire plate configuration.

[0081] The guiding electrode will be discussed below.

[0082] Unlike the emitting electrode, the guiding electrode cannot have sharp points or very thin planes. In other words, the flatter and blunter the guiding electrode, the better. Using a 0.2mm tungsten wire as the guiding electrode will hardly achieve any charging effect. This is because when the emitting and guiding electrodes have similar or equal emission capabilities, both electrodes will emit charges into space, which is equivalent to forming plasma. The positive and negative charges cancel each other out in space, resulting in no charging effect.

[0083] Therefore, traditionally, the guiding electrode is either a metal plate of a certain width used for wire-plate charging, or a conductive plate of a certain thickness used for pinhole charging. When using a pin array as the transmitting electrode, a metal plate of a certain width is a suitable guiding electrode. However, due to the manufacturing process, burrs are prone to appear on the edges of the metal plate, so if the width of the metal plate is relatively narrow, it will affect the performance of the charging device.

[0084] The following tests used a needle array with a 20mm needle spacing as the emitting electrode, and compared it with the guiding electrodes using 10mm wide and 30mm wide metal plates, as well as 3mm, 1.5mm, and 0.5mm diameter steel pipes. The gap between the emitting and guiding electrodes was 30mm. The test results are shown in the table below.

[0085]

[0086] The test results show that when using a metal plate as the guiding electrode, a wider plate results in better performance. When using a wire guiding electrode, excessively thin electrodes, such as 0.5mm diameter steel wire, exhibit very poor performance. Guiding electrodes using 1.5mm steel wire and 3mm diameter steel tubes both perform ideally, with the 3mm steel tube offering higher efficiency and lower operating current, comparable to the performance of a 30mm wide metal plate.

[0087] Therefore, it can be seen that using a conductive wire or conductive tube of a certain diameter as the guiding electrode, instead of a conductive plate, can reduce the width of the guiding electrode while maintaining high performance. Thus, in some embodiments, particularly preferred embodiments, at least one (e.g., some or all) of the guiding electrodes is a linear electrode.

[0088] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an ion array charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0089] Figure 7 The red part represents the needle array, and the blue part represents the linear guide electrode.

[0090] like Figure 7 As shown, four linear guide electrodes and three pin arrays can be arranged in parallel, alternating intervals. The linear guide electrodes can be cylindrical metal wires or metal tubes. Using linear guide electrodes instead of plate-like (such as metal plates) allows for better charging in a narrower area.

[0091] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ion array charging device according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0092] Figure 8 The red part represents the needle array, and the blue part represents the guide electrode.

[0093] like Figure 8 As shown, the outermost guiding electrode is a plate-shaped electrode, and the guiding electrode in the middle part is a wire-shaped electrode. The plate-shaped electrode can be, for example, a metal plate. The wire-shaped electrode can be, for example, a metal wire or a metal tube.

[0094] From the perspective of actual products, the ventilation part of the middle load grid is made of metal wire / pipe, and metal plates are used on both sides. In this way, the metal plates can serve as the outer frame of the product, strengthening the strength of the components.

[0095] To ensure effective charging and installation strength, the guide electrode cannot be too thin; its diameter needs to be greater than or equal to 1 mm. Choosing a guide electrode that is too thick not only increases cost but also increases wind resistance; therefore, the diameter of the guide electrode should be less than or equal to 5 mm. Furthermore, when the diameter of the guide electrode is greater than or equal to 2 mm, a hollow tubular structure can be used. For example, when the diameter of the guide electrode is greater than or equal to 2 mm, a metal tube can be used instead of a solid metal wire.

[0096] The smaller the distance between adjacent emitter and conductor electrodes, the higher the efficiency, but the greater the operating current. Conversely, a larger distance results in lower efficiency. A relatively reasonable distance between emitter and conductor electrodes is in the range of 10mm to 50mm. That is, the distance between adjacent emitter and conductor electrodes should be greater than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 50mm.

[0097] Furthermore, the experimental data above shows that when using a pin array as the transmitting electrode, the minimum transmitting voltage is approximately 8kV. Below this voltage, the system has almost no operating current and therefore no charging effect. As the transmitting voltage increases, the system's charging capacity and current gradually increase. However, when the voltage is too high, the current continues to rise while the charging capacity decreases. This peak voltage depends on the type of guiding electrode; the smoother and more even the surface of the guiding electrode, the higher the voltage at which it can operate normally. Typically, the optimal operating range for the charging device is 9–12kV, and the usable operating range is 8–14kV. In other words, the operating voltage of the pin array can be greater than or equal to 8kV and less than or equal to 14kV.

[0098] This utility model discloses a opposed-type ion array charging device with a parallel structure. It uses conductive needle arrays as emitting electrodes and metal wires / tubes as guiding electrodes, effectively charging fine particulate matter in the air passing through the charging area. This increases the device's charging capacity, reduces operating current, suppresses ozone generation, and extends product lifespan. Simultaneously, it reduces resistance and product thickness, facilitating installation. Furthermore, this design significantly saves materials, has low requirements for manufacturing processes and tolerances, and results in extremely low processing costs and a significant cost reduction.

[0099] The ion array charging device of this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0100] This utility model also proposes an electrostatic filtration device.

[0101] Electrostatic filtration devices include ion array charging devices and electrostatic adsorption devices.

[0102] For information on ion array charging devices, please refer to the description above.

[0103] In the direction of airflow, the ion array charging device is located before the electrostatic adsorption device, so that the unpurified air is first charged by the ion array charging device and then filtered by the electrostatic adsorption device.

[0104] The ion array charging device and electrostatic filtration device according to the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0105] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ion array charging device, comprising: Comprising: a plurality of emitting electrodes and a plurality of guiding electrodes, the plurality of emitting electrodes and the plurality of guiding electrodes are respectively arranged in parallel and alternately spaced, there is a potential difference between the emitting electrodes and the guiding electrodes, at least one of the emitting electrodes is a needle array comprising a plurality of electrically conductive needle-like materials arranged in spaced-apart manner, and at least one of the guiding electrodes is an electrically conductive material without a pointed end.

2. The ion array charging device according to claim 1, wherein: the emitting electrodes are connected to a negative pole of a high-voltage power supply, the guiding electrodes are connected to a positive pole of the high-voltage power supply.

3. The ion array charging device according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of electrically conductive needle-like materials are arranged at equal intervals; and / or the interval between any two adjacent electrically conductive needle-like materials is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 30 mm.

4. The ion array charging device according to claim 1, wherein: at least one of the guiding electrodes is a wire electrode.

5. The ion array charging device according to claim 4, wherein: the outermost guiding electrodes are plate electrodes, and the guiding electrodes in the middle part are wire electrodes.

6. The ion array charging device according to claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the wire electrode is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

7. The ion array charging device according to claim 6, wherein: when the diameter of the wire electrode is greater than or equal to 2 mm, the wire electrode is a hollow tubular structure.

8. The ion array charging device according to claim 1, wherein: the interval between any two adjacent emitting electrodes and guiding electrodes is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

9. The ion array charging device according to claim 1, wherein: the working voltage of the needle array is greater than or equal to 8 kv and less than or equal to 14 kv.

10. An electrostatic filter device, characterized by Comprising: an ion array charging device and an electrostatic adsorption device, the ion array charging device is any one of the ion array charging devices according to claims 1 to 9, the ion array charging device is located before the electrostatic adsorption device in the direction of air flow, so that the uncleaned air is first charged by the ion array charging device and then filtered by the electrostatic adsorption device.

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