Vacuum induction smelting ingot casting mold
By setting a sloping bottom pad at the bottom of the vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold, the problems of slag floating and internal shrinkage cavities during ingot melting are solved, thereby improving the ingot yield, reducing costs, and shortening the production cycle.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing vacuum induction melting furnaces suffer from metallurgical defects during ingot melting, such as slag floating, internal shrinkage cavities, and inclusions at weld seams, resulting in high melting costs, low yield, and long production cycles.
By setting a sloping bottom pad at the bottom of the vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold, the lower end face of the ingot forms a sloping surface with a consistent angle, enabling tail-to-tail or head-to-tail welding of the ingot, reducing sawing work, lowering costs, and increasing yield.
The yield of finished ingots increased by 4.5%, smelting costs decreased, production cycle was shortened by about 2 days, shrinkage risk at welds was reduced, and the risk of lumps falling off during smelting was reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN224073321U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vacuum induction melting technology, and in particular to a vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the main smelting method for nickel and nickel alloy ingots in China is a two-step smelting route of vacuum induction followed by electroslag remelting. However, vacuum induction furnaces are generally not equipped with slag removal systems. After the metal melts, the residue in the liquid is poured into the mold along with the molten metal, and then floats to the top of the ingot and solidifies. Simultaneously, the liquid-to-solid transition during solidification creates shrinkage cavities inside the ingot. In the electroslag remelting process, these internal shrinkage cavities cause large fluctuations in smelting power, leading to slag chipping and metallurgical defects such as inclusions within the electroslag ingot. Furthermore, electroslag remelting electrodes require two or more vacuum induction ingots welded together. The traditional method involves sawing off the risers of the induction ingots and then welding them together. This not only creates a weld seam but also concentrates the shrinkage cavities within the two ingots at the weld seam after welding, prolonging the timeline of large power fluctuations and increasing the risk of slag chipping at the weld seam during smelting.
[0003] Through years of exploration and practice, the applicant discovered that by tilting the sawing angle of the riser of the induction casting at θ (3-30)°, the weld seam formed by butt welding will no longer be on the same horizontal section, greatly reducing the risk of sharding during the smelting process. However, due to the angled sawing, a significant amount of weight of the induction casting is cut off. When welding multiple castings together, the amount of sawing is even greater, greatly increasing the raw material smelting cost. According to the applicant's statistics, when three induction castings are welded together, two weld seams are required. The first weld seam requires welding the two castings head to head, and the second weld seam requires welding the castings tail to tail. A total of four sawing cuts are required for the three castings, and the sawing weight accounts for (5.5-7)% of the raw material input, which greatly reduces the yield of induction melting castings and increases smelting costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] This invention provides a vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold, including a mold base and a cylindrical mold disposed on the upper end of the mold base. A mold base pad is disposed on the upper end of the mold base. The outer diameter of the mold base pad is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical mold, and the upper end surface of the mold base pad is an inclined surface.
[0006] The angle θ between the inclined plane and the upper surface of the mold base is (3~30)°.
[0007] The mold base is a cylindrical graphite pad.
[0008] The upper end of the mold base has a recessed platform, and the lower end of the mold base pad is embedded in the recessed platform, while the upper end extends into the cylindrical mold.
[0009] The recessed platform is cylindrical and its inner diameter is the same as that of the cylindrical mold.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0011] 1. This utility model, by setting a bottom pad with an inclined upper surface at the bottom of the casting mold, ensures that the lower end surface of the cast ingot forms a uniformly angled inclined surface. This eliminates the need for sawing during tail-to-tail welding of the ingot, and requires only one sawing cut during head-to-tail welding, significantly reducing sawing weight, improving the yield of induction melting ingots, and lowering melting costs. The ingot yield is increased by more than 4.5%, and the ingot production cycle is shortened by approximately 2 days.
[0012] 2. The ingots cast by this utility model are butt-welded tail to tail or head to tail, which avoids the shrinkage cavities inside the two ingots being concentrated at the weld after the risers are butt-welded. This eliminates the large-scale power fluctuations caused by internal shrinkage cavities at the weld during the electroslag remelting process and reduces the risk of sharding at the weld during the smelting process.
[0013] 3. The inclined bottom pad at the bottom of the casting mold of this utility model adopts an embedded installation structure, which is convenient to install and remove, and easy to replace if damaged in the future. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is the main view of the mold base pad of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the mold base pad of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of two ingots being welded together;
[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of three cast ingots being welded together. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
[0020] See attached document Figure 1-3A vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold includes a mold base 1 and a cylindrical mold 2 disposed on the upper end of the mold base 1. A mold base pad 3 is disposed on the upper end of the mold base 1. The outer diameter of the mold base pad 3 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical mold 2, and the upper end surface of the mold base pad 3 is an inclined surface 3-1.
[0021] See attached document Figure 4-5 The ingot cast using this mold has a beveled surface at the same angle as the inclined surface 3-1 on its lower end. When two ingots are joined together, they are welded tail to tail without sawing. When three ingots are joined together, based on the tail-to-tail welding of two ingots, only the head of the third ingot needs to be sawed to match the inclined surface 3-1, and then the head and tail can be welded together. That is, only one sawing cut is required.
[0022] After multiple rounds of testing, the applicant found that when using this mold, the sawing weight of induction + electroslag remelting ingots accounts for only (1.1-1.6)% of the feed amount, and the yield of induction + electroslag remelting ingots is increased by 4.5%; the production cycle of each induction + electroslag remelting ingot is shortened by about 2 days.
[0023] For example, when using traditional molds, the induction furnace casting mold has a specification of Ф700*L. Each ingot has a material input of 3500kg, the riser sawing amount is about 160kg, and the sawing amount of the three ingots is about 640kg, accounting for about 6.1% in total. The melting cycle of the three ingots is about 2 days, and cooling, sawing and baking each take 1 day. The total time from the first ingot to the third ingot is about 5 days.
[0024] Using this mold resulted in significant improvements. The first ingot, after one sawing operation, weighed approximately 160 kg, while the other two did not require sawing, resulting in a sawing rate of about 1.5%. The third ingot could be welded after cooling for one day, with a total time of 3 days. Furthermore, the ingot's beveled surface was smooth, resulting in minimal weld seams during splicing and a reduced weld area.
[0025] In the above embodiment, the angle θ between the inclined plane 3-1 and the upper surface of the mold base 1 is (3~30)°. The size of the angle θ is determined according to the size of the ingot diameter; the larger the ingot diameter, the larger the angle θ.
[0026] In the above embodiment, the mold base 3 is a cylindrical graphite pad. This effectively prevents molten metal from directly washing over the mold base 1, extending the mold's lifespan.
[0027] In the above embodiments, the upper end of the mold base 1 has a recess, and the lower end of the mold base pad 3 is embedded in the recess, while the upper end extends into the cylindrical mold 2. Preferably, the recess is cylindrical and its inner diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical mold 2.
[0028] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent variations made based on the content described in the claims of the present utility model should be included within the scope of the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold, comprising a mold base (1) and a cylindrical mold (2) disposed on the upper end of the mold base (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the mold base (1) is provided with a mold base pad (3). The outer diameter of the mold base pad (3) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical mold (2), and the upper end surface of the mold base pad (3) is an inclined surface (3-1).
2. The vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle θ between the inclined plane (3-1) and the upper end face of the mold base (1) is (3~30)°.
3. The vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mold base (3) is a cylindrical graphite pad.
4. The vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the mold base (1) has a recessed platform, and the lower end of the mold base pad (3) is embedded in the recessed platform and the upper end extends into the cylindrical mold (2).
5. The vacuum induction melting ingot casting mold according to claim 4, characterized in that: The recess is cylindrical and its inner diameter is the same as that of the cylindrical mold (2).