Multi-axis linkage numerical control multi-station polishing machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-axis linkage numerical control multi-station polishing machine, which relates to the technical field of polishing machines, and comprises a base, a plurality of polishing shafts and a plurality of polishing shafts, the reciprocating feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the top end of the base; the supporting frame is arranged on the other side of the top end of the base; the A bearing support mechanism is arranged on the two sides of the reciprocating feeding mechanism in a penetrating mode, and a plurality of workpiece fixing clamps are arranged at the top end of the A bearing support mechanism; one end of the three-axis linkage mechanism is arranged at the top end of the supporting frame, and the other end of the three-axis linkage mechanism is connected with the C-axis polishing mechanism; and the control panel is used for keeping connection with electrical equipment to realize automatic control, and the control panel is arranged on one side of the exterior of the case. According to the utility model, by integrating multi-axis cooperative control, modular design and intelligent monitoring technology, high-efficiency, high-precision and environment-friendly processing of a complex curved surface workpiece is realized; continuous feeding and discharging and synchronous machining are supported, and therefore the problems that a traditional polishing machine is low in efficiency, poor in precision and weak in adaptability are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of polishing machine technology, and more specifically, to a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in modern precision manufacturing, the development of CNC polishing machines profoundly reflects the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry from traditional manual methods to intelligent and high-precision processes. This technology, centered on a CNC system, uses programming to control parameters such as polishing trajectory, pressure, and speed, achieving efficient surface treatment of metals, non-metals, and composite materials. In the automotive manufacturing sector, CNC polishing machines are widely used for mirror finishing of key components such as engine blocks and crankshafts, improving product performance and lifespan. In the consumer electronics industry, their polishing capabilities for complex curved surfaces such as mobile phone frames and smart wearable devices significantly improve product appearance quality and market competitiveness. With the increasing demand for micron-level surface roughness in aerospace, medical devices, and other fields, CNC polishing machines are gradually becoming an irreplaceable piece of equipment in high-precision manufacturing.

[0003] CNC polishing machine technology has entered a stage of rapid development, but some technologies still have obvious shortcomings: 1. Insufficient machining accuracy for complex curved surfaces. For example, due to the large curvature variation of optical aspherical surfaces, traditional polishing path planning is prone to mid-frequency errors, requiring manual adjustment based on experience; 2. Difficulty in balancing material surface quality. Over-cutting or residual scratches are prone to occur when polishing carbide; 3. Lagging level of intelligence. Most equipment lacks the ability to optimize process parameters in real time and lacks automatic adjustment and optimization functions during the polishing process.

[0004] For example, application number CN201620048970.3 discloses a five-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine, including a frame, a Y-axis drive mechanism on the frame, a worktable on the Y-axis drive mechanism, an X-axis drive mechanism perpendicular to the Y-axis drive mechanism above it, a Z-axis drive mechanism vertically connected to the X-axis drive mechanism, and a polishing assembly on the Z-axis drive mechanism. It can be seen that this polishing machine uses a five-axis linkage method to solve the problem of low polishing accuracy of workpiece surfaces. However, its multi-station design is based on the same drive mechanism, lacking the ability to flexibly adjust the position of the fixture and workpiece. Furthermore, when the workpiece is completed and needs to be replaced for inspection, the polishing equipment needs to stop and wait, affecting processing efficiency.

[0005] No effective solutions have yet been proposed to address the problems in the relevant technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems in the related technologies, this utility model proposes a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0007] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine includes: a base for forming a polishing processing space with the machine housing; a reciprocating feeding mechanism disposed on one side of the top of the base; a support frame disposed on the other side of the top of the base; an A-bearing support mechanism interposed on both sides of the reciprocating feeding mechanism, with multiple workpiece fixing fixtures disposed at the top of the A-bearing support mechanism; a three-axis linkage mechanism, one end of which is disposed on the top of the support frame, and the other end of which is connected to the C-axis polishing mechanism; and a control panel for maintaining connection with electrical equipment to achieve automated control, the control panel being disposed on one side of the outside of the machine housing.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to collect and recycle the waste liquid and waste materials generated during the polishing and grinding process inside the chassis and reduce environmental pollution in the workshop, the base is a hollow structure with a cleaning door on one side; both sides of the top of the base are equipped with drainage channels, and the bottom of the drainage channels has several drainage outlets arranged in a rectangular pattern at equal intervals.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to support bidirectional feeding, polishing and feeding can be performed simultaneously, reducing the frequency of manual intervention and improving equipment maintainability. An inspection door is provided at the bottom of the side of the chassis near the control panel; feeding windows are provided on both sides of the chassis, and a feeding motor is provided at the bottom of one of the feeding windows.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to precisely control the workpiece conveying path, a dirt cover is used to prevent polishing liquid from splashing and contaminating the transmission components. The reciprocating feeding mechanism includes a dirt cover set between the bottom of the two feeding windows. A feeding threaded rod and two feeding limit rods are set between the two feeding windows and below the dirt cover. The feeding threaded rod is connected to the output end of the feeding motor.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to achieve synchronous bearing and positioning at multiple workstations and adapt to the efficient processing of workpieces of different sizes, the A-axis bearing support mechanism includes a support base plate set at the top of the base, with side fixing frames on both sides of the top of the support base plate; an L-shaped bracket is set inside the side fixing frame, with an A-axis servo motor set outside one of the side fixing frames, and a work plate is set between the two L-shaped brackets; a multi-hole transverse block is set at the middle of the top of the support base plate, the multi-hole transverse block passes through the feeding threaded rod and the feeding limit rod, the multi-hole transverse block is located at the bottom inside the anti-fouling cover, and the support base plate is located between the bottom of the anti-fouling cover and the top of the base.

[0013] Furthermore, to achieve modular and rapid clamping and ensure workpiece positioning accuracy and stability, the workpiece fixing fixture includes multiple fixture base plates set on the top of the work plate. A fixed clamping plate is set on one side of the top of the fixture base plate, and a fixture threaded rod is inserted on the other side of the top of the fixture base plate. A movable clamping plate is set at one end of the fixture threaded rod near the fixed clamping plate, and a tightening knob is set at the other end of the fixture threaded rod. A connecting limit block is set at the bottom of the movable clamping plate, and a fixture limit rod that cooperates with the connecting limit block is set at the bottom of the fixture base plate. Positioning grooves are set at the four corners of the fixture base plate, and several equidistant positioning posts are set on both sides of the top of the work plate. The positioning posts and positioning grooves are connected by positioning nuts.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to precisely control the movement trajectory of the polishing head in three-dimensional space and cover the complex curved surfaces of various types of workpieces, the three-axis linkage mechanism includes an X-axis moving rod set at the top of the support frame, a Y-axis moving rod set at the output end of the X-axis moving rod, a Z-axis moving rod set at the output end of the Y-axis moving rod, and a lifting mounting plate set at the output end of the Z-axis moving rod.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to dynamically adjust the polishing angle and pressure, and integrate quality monitoring and cooling lubrication functions, the C-axis polishing mechanism includes a C-axis driver set on one side of the lifting mounting plate, a mounting bracket set on one side of the C-axis driver, a polishing head set at the bottom of the mounting bracket, a monitoring sensor set on one side of the mounting bracket, and a spray head set on the other side of the mounting bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to extend the life of consumables, suppress dust diffusion, and improve the surface finish of polished workpieces, a water tank is installed on one side of the bottom of the support frame, and a water pump is installed at the top of the water tank. The water pump and the spray head are connected through a flexible pipe.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1. By integrating multi-axis collaborative control, modular design, and intelligent monitoring technology, it achieves efficient, high-precision, and environmentally friendly processing of complex curved workpieces; it supports continuous loading and unloading and synchronous processing, significantly improving production efficiency; the coordinated movement of the three-axis linkage mechanism and the C-axis polishing mechanism covers the three-dimensional curved surface of the workpiece without dead angles; the control panel is set up to realize multi-axis trajectory planning and dynamic adjustment of process parameters to adapt to the processing needs of different materials and shapes; in addition, it takes into account waste liquid recycling and equipment maintenance convenience, reducing environmental pollution and operation and maintenance costs, thereby solving the pain points of low efficiency, poor precision, and weak adaptability of traditional polishing machines.

[0019] 2. Through the A-bearing support mechanism, multiple workpiece fixing fixtures are mounted on it. With the precise positioning of the reciprocating feeding mechanism, multi-station processing can be realized. It supports the flexible replacement of fixtures of different sizes, reducing mold change time. The C-axis polishing mechanism integrates monitoring sensors to monitor surface quality in real time. It can dynamically adjust the polishing pressure and the coolant flow of the spray head to avoid over-polishing or under-polishing defects. This breaks through the limitations of traditional equipment that relies on manual intervention and significantly improves processing consistency and yield. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main internal structure of a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the reciprocating feeding mechanism and workpiece fixing fixture structure in a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a workpiece fixing fixture structure in a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1. Base; 2. Chassis; 3. Reciprocating feeding mechanism; 301. Anti-fouling cover; 302. Feeding threaded rod; 303. Feeding limit rod; 4. Support frame; 5. A-axis bearing support mechanism; 501. Support base plate; 502. Side fixing frame; 503. L-shaped bracket; 504. A-axis servo motor; 505. Working plate; 506. Multi-hole transverse block; 6. Workpiece fixing fixture; 601. Fixture base plate; 602. Fixed clamping plate; 603. Fixture threaded rod; 604. Moving clamping plate; 605. Adjusting knob; 606. Connecting limit block; 607. Fixture limit rod 608. Positioning groove; 609. Positioning column; 610. Positioning nut; 7. Three-axis linkage mechanism; 701. X-axis moving rod; 702. Y-axis moving rod; 703. Z-axis moving rod; 704. Lifting mounting plate; 8. C-axis polishing mechanism; 801. C-axis driver; 802. Mounting bracket; 803. Polishing head; 804. Monitoring sensor; 805. Spray head; 9. Control panel; 10. Stain removal door; 11. Sewage discharge trough; 12. Sewage outlet; 13. Inspection door; 14. Feeding window; 15. Feeding motor; 16. Water storage tank; 17. Water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine is provided.

[0031] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, the multi-axis linkage CNC multi-station polishing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a base 1, used to form a polishing processing space with the machine housing 2; a reciprocating feeding mechanism 3, disposed on one side of the top of the base 1; a support frame 4, disposed on the other side of the top of the base 1; an A-bearing support mechanism 5, interposed on both sides of the reciprocating feeding mechanism 3, and a plurality of workpiece fixing clamps 6 are disposed on the top of the A-bearing support mechanism 5; a three-axis linkage mechanism 7, one end of the three-axis linkage mechanism 7 is disposed on the top of the support frame 4, and the other end of the three-axis linkage mechanism 7 is connected to the C-axis polishing mechanism 8; and a control panel 9, used to maintain connection with electrical equipment to realize automated control, and the control panel 9 is disposed on one side of the outside of the machine housing 2.

[0032] By leveraging the aforementioned technical solutions and integrating multi-axis collaborative control, modular design, and intelligent monitoring technologies, efficient, high-precision, and environmentally friendly processing of complex curved surface workpieces is achieved. It supports continuous loading and unloading as well as synchronous processing, significantly improving production efficiency. The coordinated motion of the three-axis linkage mechanism 7 and the C-axis polishing mechanism 8 ensures thorough polishing of the workpiece's three-dimensional curved surface without any blind spots. A control panel 9 enables multi-axis trajectory planning and dynamic adjustment of process parameters, adapting to the processing needs of different materials and shapes. Furthermore, it considers waste liquid recycling and ease of equipment maintenance, reducing environmental pollution and operating costs, thus solving the pain points of traditional polishing machines such as low efficiency, poor precision, and weak adaptability.

[0033] In one embodiment, the base 1 is a hollow structure, and a cleaning door 10 is provided on one side of the base 1. Drainage troughs 11 are provided on both sides of the top of the base 1. Several drainage ports 12 are provided at equal intervals and arranged in a rectangular pattern at the bottom of the drainage troughs 11, so as to collect and recycle the waste liquid and waste materials generated during the polishing and grinding process inside the chassis 2, thereby reducing the environmental pollution in the workshop.

[0034] In one embodiment, for the aforementioned chassis 2, an inspection door 13 is provided at the bottom of the side of the chassis 2 near the control panel 9; feeding windows 14 are provided on both sides of the chassis 2, and a feeding motor 15 is provided at the bottom of one of the feeding windows 14, thereby supporting bidirectional feeding, which can simultaneously perform polishing and feeding fixation, reduce the frequency of manual intervention, and improve the maintainability of the equipment.

[0035] In one embodiment, the reciprocating feeding mechanism 3 includes a dustproof cover 301 disposed between the bottoms of two feeding windows 14. A feeding threaded rod 302 and two feeding limit rods 303 are disposed between the two feeding windows 14 and below the dustproof cover 301. The feeding threaded rod 302 is connected to the output end of the feeding motor 15, thereby precisely controlling the workpiece conveying path. The dustproof cover 301 prevents polishing liquid from splashing and contaminating the transmission components.

[0036] In one embodiment, the bearing support mechanism 5 includes a support base plate 501 disposed at the top of the base 1. Side fixing brackets 502 are disposed on both sides of the top of the support base plate 501. An L-shaped bracket 503 is disposed inside the side fixing bracket 502. An A-axis servo motor 504 is disposed outside one of the side fixing brackets 502. A working plate 505 is disposed between the two L-shaped brackets 503. A perforated transverse block 506 is disposed at the middle position of the top of the support base plate 501. The perforated transverse block 506 passes through the feeding threaded rod 302 and the feeding limit rod 303. The perforated transverse block 506 is located at the bottom inside the anti-fouling cover 301. The support base plate 501 is located between the bottom of the anti-fouling cover 301 and the top of the base 1, thereby realizing multi-station synchronous bearing and positioning, and adapting to the efficient processing of workpieces of different sizes.

[0037] In one embodiment, the workpiece fixing fixture 6 includes multiple fixture base plates 601 disposed on the top of the work plate 505. A fixed clamping plate 602 is disposed on one side of the top of the fixture base plate 601, and a fixture threaded rod 603 is inserted through the other side of the top of the fixture base plate 601. A movable clamping plate 604 is disposed at one end of the fixture threaded rod 603 near the fixed clamping plate 602, and a tightening knob 605 is disposed at the other end of the fixture threaded rod 603. A connecting limit block 606 is disposed at the bottom of the movable clamping plate 604, and a fixture limiting rod 607 that cooperates with the connecting limit block 606 is disposed at the bottom of the fixture base plate 601. Positioning grooves 608 are disposed at each of the four corners of the fixture base plate 601, and several equidistantly arranged positioning posts 609 are disposed on both sides of the top of the work plate 505. The positioning posts 609 and the positioning grooves 608 are connected by positioning nuts 610, thereby realizing modular quick clamping and ensuring workpiece positioning accuracy and stability.

[0038] In one embodiment, the three-axis linkage mechanism 7 includes an X-axis moving rod 701 disposed at the top of the support frame 4, a Y-axis moving rod 702 disposed at the output end of the X-axis moving rod 701, a Z-axis moving rod 703 disposed at the output end of the Y-axis moving rod 702, and a lifting mounting plate 704 disposed at the output end of the Z-axis moving rod 703, thereby precisely controlling the movement trajectory of the polishing head in three-dimensional space to cover the complex curved surfaces of various types of workpieces.

[0039] In one embodiment, the C-axis polishing mechanism 8 includes a C-axis driver 801 disposed on one side of the lifting mounting plate 704, a mounting bracket 802 disposed on one side of the C-axis driver 801, a polishing head 803 disposed at the bottom of the mounting bracket 802, a monitoring sensor 804 disposed on one side of the mounting bracket 802, and a spray head 805 disposed on the other side of the mounting bracket 802, thereby dynamically adjusting the polishing angle and pressure and integrating quality monitoring and cooling lubrication functions.

[0040] It should be noted that the monitoring sensor 804 needs to integrate key components such as a laser rangefinder, an industrial camera, and a six-dimensional force sensor to achieve precise control of the polishing process through multimodal data fusion. The laser rangefinder uses a KEYENCE IL-300 high-precision sensor, which works based on the time-of-flight principle: its internal laser diode emits a 905nm pulsed laser, which is reflected by the polishing head (803) and received by a photodetector. The distance value is converted by calculating the round-trip time difference of the light pulse (resolution 0.1ns), with a measurement accuracy of ±0.01mm, and real-time monitoring of the wear of the polishing wheel and the deviation of the workpiece surface contour. For example, when the diameter of the polishing wheel decreases by 1.2mm due to wear, the system automatically triggers a Z-axis compensation of 0.6mm feed to maintain a constant linear speed.

[0041] The industrial camera uses the Basler ace 2 series (model acA2440-75um), equipped with a 5-megapixel CMOS sensor and a telecentric lens. It captures workpiece surface images through machine vision algorithms (such as template matching and edge detection from the Halcon library): Before polishing, the camera acquires the workpiece contour at a rate of 30 frames per second, generates 3D point cloud data and compares it with the CAD model, with a positioning error of ≤0.02mm; During processing, the camera, combined with a coaxial light illumination system (650nm wavelength red LED), detects surface scratches or pits in real time, with a defect recognition sensitivity of 10μm. When an abnormal area is detected, the system automatically plans a repolishing path and adjusts the polishing pressure to 1.2MPa.

[0042] The six-dimensional force sensor uses the ME System K3D120, integrating a strain gauge measurement unit. It can simultaneously detect X / Y / Z triaxial forces (range ±200N) and torque around each axis (±10Nm). The mechanical signal is converted into a voltage output (sensitivity 2mV / V) via a Wheatstone bridge. After sampling by the PLC's analog module (16-bit ADC), a Kalman filter algorithm is used to eliminate vibration noise, and the C-axis tilt angle is dynamically adjusted (accuracy 0.1°) to ensure the polishing pressure remains stable within ±3% of the set value. In addition, a temperature sensor (PT100 platinum resistance thermometer) is embedded in the polishing head spindle to monitor motor temperature rise and trigger overheat protection (threshold 70℃). A vibration sensor (MEMS accelerometer, range ±50g) acquires the equipment's vibration spectrum in real time, and FFT analysis identifies mechanical faults such as bearing wear. These sensors communicate with the PLC via an EtherCAT bus with a sampling period of 1ms, forming a closed-loop control system to ensure processing accuracy and equipment reliability.

[0043] In one embodiment, for the support frame 4, a water storage tank 16 is provided on one side of the bottom of the support frame 4, and a water pump 17 is provided at the top of the water storage tank 16. The water pump 17 is connected to the spray head 805 through a flexible pipe, thereby extending the life of consumables, inhibiting dust diffusion, and improving the surface finish of the polished workpiece.

[0044] It should be noted that the main body of control panel 9 is a Siemens S7-1215C PLC (central processing unit model 6ES7215-1AG40-0XB0), equipped with a TP1200 Comfort 12-inch touch screen (6AV2124-0JC01-0AX0), with 1GB of built-in RAM and 4GB of storage space, supporting EtherCAT, PROFINET and MODBUS-TCP communication protocols. The internal hardware expansion modules of control panel 9 include a digital input / output module (6ES7223-1BH32-0XB0, 32 I / O points), an analog input module (6ES7134-6GF00-0BA1, 4 channels ±10V / 4-20mA), and a communication module (6GK7243-1EX01-0XE0, Gigabit Ethernet). The system is linked with the following electrical equipment through these modules:

[0045] 1. Servo drive system

[0046] The Mitsubishi MR-JE-200A servo drive (drives X / Y / Z axis linear modules) has a rated power of 2kW, an encoder feedback resolution of 17bit, and receives pulse commands sent by the PLC via EtherCAT bus (pulse frequency ≤4MHz) to control the ball screw to achieve a positioning accuracy of 0.01mm.

[0047] The Panasonic A6B series servo motor (driving the A / C rotary axes), model MHMJ042G1U, has a rated torque of 1.27 N·m and a built-in multi-turn absolute encoder. It uploads angle data in real time (resolution 0.001°) via EtherCAT communication. The PLC calculates the interpolation relationship between the A / C axes and the linear axes based on the preset trajectory. For example, when machining aircraft blades, the C axis rotates at 120 rpm and the Z axis feeds at 5 m / min to form a spiral polishing path.

[0048] 2. Sensor System

[0049] The ME System K6D160 six-dimensional force sensor (range ±200N, accuracy ±0.5%FS) is installed between the polishing head 803 and the lifting mounting plate 704, and transmits the force through an analog module (channel 1). x / F y / F z The torque signal is converted into a 4-20mA signal and input to the PLC. The system dynamically adjusts the Z-axis position based on real-time pressure data. For example, when the pressure exceeds the limit (>1.5MPa), the PLC raises the Z-axis by 0.05mm within 10ms.

[0050] The KEYENCE IL-100 laser rangefinder (measurement accuracy ±0.01mm) is installed on the side of the polishing head and integrated inside the monitoring sensor 804. It sends the polishing wheel diameter data to the PLC via RS485 communication. The system automatically compensates for the feed rate based on the amount of wear (compensating for 0.5mm Z-axis displacement for every 1mm of wear).

[0051] The OMRON E3Z-T61 photoelectric sensor (detection distance 0.1-3m) is arranged on both sides of the feeding window 14. It feeds back the workpiece arrival signal through the digital module (input port X20-X23) and triggers the A-axis servo motor to start rotational machining.

[0052] 3. Control of the executing agency

[0053] The spray head 805 is controlled by an SMC VQD2121-5G solenoid valve. The PLC sends a switch signal through the digital output port Y10. The flow rate is adjusted by a 0-10V analog signal (channel 2) (corresponding to 0-5L / min). When the polishing fluid formula is switched (e.g., W3.5 diamond suspension for rough polishing and SiO2 nano polishing fluid for fine polishing), the PLC automatically matches the flow parameters.

[0054] To facilitate understanding of the above-mentioned technical solutions of this utility model, the working principle or operation method of this utility model in actual process will be described in detail below.

[0055] In practical applications, innovative functions are achieved through the deep integration of parametric modeling and CNC systems. At the mechanical structure design level, parametric models are built based on CATIA or UG software, and three-dimensional assemblies are automatically generated by inputting key dimensions (such as base length, station spacing, and drive shaft stroke). For example, adjusting the spacing of the workpiece fixing fixture 6 can adapt to fixture layouts in the range of 60-110mm.

[0056] The CNC system uses a Siemens S7-1200 PLC as its core controller, integrating a five-axis linkage interpolation algorithm to achieve coordinated movement of the X / Y / Z linear axes and A / C rotary axes. The X-axis moving rod 701 is driven by a ball screw, achieving a repeatability accuracy of ±0.01mm. The C-axis driver 801 incorporates a harmonic reducer, achieving an angle control accuracy of 0.001°. The process database pre-stores 2000 parameter combinations. After the operator selects the material type (e.g., stainless steel, titanium alloy) via a touchscreen, the system automatically matches the abrasive belt grit (800#-3000#), polishing pressure (0.3-1.5MPa), and spindle speed (800-2000rpm). Scanning a code to recall a preset program skips the manual trial-and-error stage.

[0057] The compensation function is achieved through multi-sensor fusion: a six-dimensional force sensor monitors the polishing pressure in real time. When the pressure fluctuation exceeds the ±5% threshold, the PID algorithm dynamically adjusts the Z-axis rise and fall within 20ms. For example, when polishing titanium alloy workpieces, the pressure is stabilized at 0.8±0.04MPa. The camera inside the 804 monitoring sensor continuously tracks the change in the diameter of the polishing wheel. For every 1mm wear of the polishing wheel, a Z-axis compensation of 0.5mm feed is triggered. The temperature sensor collects the temperature rise data of the ball screw, and the thermal deformation compensation module calculates the offset based on the linear expansion coefficient and eliminates the positioning error through reverse motion.

[0058] The intelligent calibration system uses the camera inside the 804 monitoring sensor to capture the workpiece contour, generate three-dimensional point cloud data and compare it with the parametric model, and automatically correct the fixture positioning deviation (≤0.02mm). During the polishing process, the laser scanner detects the surface roughness online. When the Ra value of a local area exceeds the standard, the system replans the polishing path based on the genetic algorithm, reduces the feed speed of the fine polishing stage from 5m / min to 3m / min and increases the spindle speed to 1800rpm.

[0059] Multi-station collaboration achieves cycle synchronization through the MODBUS protocol. The feeding motor 15 drives the feeding threaded rod 302 to transport the workpiece to the processing position. After confirming that it is in place, the A-axis servo motor 504 rotates the workpiece according to the preset angle. The anti-fouling cover 301 and the rectangular sewage outlet 12 of the base 1 constitute a closed waste recycling system.

[0060] In summary, by utilizing the above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model, and through the integration of multi-axis collaborative control, modular design, and intelligent monitoring technology, efficient, high-precision, and environmentally friendly processing of complex curved surface workpieces is achieved; continuous loading and unloading and synchronous processing are supported, significantly improving production efficiency; the coordinated movement of the three-axis linkage mechanism 7 and the C-axis polishing mechanism 8 covers the three-dimensional curved surface of the workpiece without dead angles; the control panel 9 is set up to realize multi-axis trajectory planning and dynamic adjustment of process parameters, adapting to the processing needs of different materials and shapes; in addition, it takes into account waste liquid recycling and equipment maintenance convenience, reducing environmental pollution and operation and maintenance costs, thereby solving the pain points of low efficiency, poor precision, and weak adaptability of traditional polishing machines. Multiple workpiece fixing fixtures 6 mounted on the A-bearing support mechanism 5, combined with the precise positioning of the reciprocating feeding mechanism 3, enable multi-station processing and support flexible replacement of fixtures of different sizes, reducing mold change time. The C-axis polishing mechanism 8 integrates a monitoring sensor 804 to monitor surface quality in real time and can dynamically adjust the polishing pressure and the coolant flow of the spray head 805 to avoid over-polishing or under-polishing defects. This breaks through the limitations of traditional equipment that relies on manual intervention and significantly improves processing consistency and yield.

[0061] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-axis, numerically controlled, multi-station polisher characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of polishing machine, including: Base (1) for with cabinet (2) constitute polishing processing space; Reciprocating feeding mechanism (3) is arranged at the top of the base (1) one side; Support frame (4) is arranged at the top of the base (1) other side; A bearing supporting mechanism (5) is arranged at the top of the base (1) other side; Three-axis linkage mechanism (7) is arranged at the top of the base (1) other side; Control panel (9) is used for being connected with electrical equipment to realize automatic control, and the control panel (9) is arranged at the outside of the cabinet (2) one side.

2. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 1, wherein, The base (1) is hollow structure, and the base (1) one side is provided with a cleaning door (10); The base (1) top both sides are provided with sewage groove (11), and the sewage groove (11) inner bottom is provided with a plurality of equidistantly arranged rectangular distribution sewage outlets (12).

3. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 1, wherein, The cabinet (2) is provided with an access door (13) at the bottom of the side close to the control panel (9); The cabinet (2) both sides are provided with feeding window (14), and one of the feeding window (14) bottom is provided with feeding motor (15).

4. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 3 wherein, The reciprocating feeding mechanism (3) includes a dirt-proof cover (301) arranged between the bottoms of the two feeding windows (14), and a feeding screw rod (302) and two feeding limit rods (303) are arranged between the two feeding windows (14) and below the dirt-proof cover (301). The feeding screw rod (302) is connected with the output end of the feeding motor (15).

5. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 4 wherein, The A bearing supporting mechanism (5) includes a supporting bottom plate (501) arranged at the top of the base (1), and the supporting bottom plate (501) top both sides are provided with side fixed frame (502). The side fixed frame (502) inner side is provided with L-shaped bracket (503), and one of the side fixed frame (502) outer side is provided with A-axis servo motor (504), and working plate (505) is arranged between the two L-shaped brackets (503). The supporting bottom plate (501) top middle position is provided with multi-hole transverse block (506), the multi-hole transverse block (506) penetrates the feeding screw rod (302) and the feeding limit rod (303), and the multi-hole transverse block (506) is located at the inner bottom of the dirt-proof cover (301), and the supporting bottom plate (501) is located between the bottom end of the dirt-proof cover (301) and the top end of the base (1).

6. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 5 wherein, The workpiece fixing clamp (6) comprises a plurality of clamp base plates (601) arranged at the top end of the work plate (505), a fixed clamp plate (602) is arranged at one side of the top end of the clamp base plate (601), a clamp threaded rod (603) is arranged at the other side of the top end of the clamp base plate (601), a moving clamp plate (604) is arranged at one end of the clamp threaded rod (603) close to the fixed clamp plate (602), and a tightening knob (605) is arranged at the other end of the clamp threaded rod (603); The moving clamp plate (604) is provided with a connecting limiting block (606) at the bottom end, and the clamp base plate (601) is provided with a clamp limiting rod (607) matched with the connecting limiting block (606) at the bottom. The clamp base plate (601) is provided with a positioning groove (608) at each corner, and the work plate (505) is provided with a plurality of equidistantly arranged positioning columns (609) at the top end of both sides, and the positioning column (609) and the positioning groove (608) are connected through a positioning nut (610).

7. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 1, wherein, The three-axis linkage mechanism (7) comprises an X-axis moving rod (701) arranged at the top end of the support frame (4), an Y-axis moving rod (702) arranged at the output end of the X-axis moving rod (701), a Z-axis moving rod (703) arranged at the output end of the Y-axis moving rod (702), and a lifting mounting plate (704) arranged at the output end of the Z-axis moving rod (703).

8. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 7, wherein, The C-axis polishing mechanism (8) comprises a C-axis driver (801) arranged at one side of the lifting mounting plate (704), an installation frame (802) arranged at one side of the C-axis driver (801), a polishing head (803) arranged at the bottom of the installation frame (802), a monitoring sensor (804) arranged at one side of the installation frame (802), and a spray head (805) arranged at the other side of the installation frame (802).

9. The multi-axis, multi-station, CNC, multi-head polisher of claim 8 wherein, The support frame (4) is provided with a water storage tank (16) at one side of the bottom, and the water storage tank (16) is provided with a water pump (17) at the top end, and the water pump (17) and the spray head (805) are connected through a soft pipeline.

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