Intelligent temperature control and air control circuit for battery compartment of electric two-wheeled vehicle and tricycle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intelligent temperature control and air control circuit for battery compartments of electric two-wheeled vehicles and tricycles. The intelligent temperature control and air control circuit comprises a microprocessor, a communication module and a fan control module, the communication module is used for data connection between a vehicle system and the microprocessor; and the fan control module is used for connecting the microprocessor with a battery compartment fan. According to the intelligent temperature control and risk control circuit for the battery compartment of the electric two-wheeled vehicle and the electric three-wheeled vehicle, the communication module is connected into a whole vehicle communication system, the real-time temperature of a battery pack is read, meanwhile, a whole vehicle IOT remote empty control instruction can be received and transmitted to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor executes function logic judgment according to a set threshold value and a control instruction, so that the battery compartment of the electric two-wheeled vehicle and the electric three-wheeled vehicle is controlled. The function of controlling the temperature of the battery pack is achieved by starting and closing the temperature control fan through the electronic switch, whether short-circuit and over-current faults exist or not is judged by detecting the magnitude of current, work is stopped in time, the temperature control electronic switch is closed, and a whole vehicle power system is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an intelligent temperature and air control circuit for the battery compartment of electric two-wheeled and three-wheeled vehicles, belonging to the field of electric vehicle technology. Background Technology

[0002] The battery compartment structures of existing electric two-wheelers and three-wheelers are relatively simple, and most lack dedicated heat dissipation structures for the battery compartment. Even those few vehicles equipped with battery compartment fans use ordinary fans that only activate when the vehicle is running. Through market research, the inventors discovered that most existing electric two-wheelers and three-wheelers use a bus system to transmit data, and the battery packs within these systems have built-in temperature sensors. The data transmitted via the bus includes information about the battery pack's temperature.

[0003] Existing electric two-wheelers and three-wheelers have the following disadvantages: they cannot obtain the current real-time temperature from the battery pack, the temperature control fan can only work continuously, resulting in high energy consumption, they cannot intelligently adjust the on / off / speed of the temperature control fan based on the actual temperature, resulting in high energy consumption and poor user experience, and they cannot detect or provide protection when the fan malfunctions, and when the fan is short-circuited and overcurrent occurs, it directly causes the power supply failure of the entire vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to propose a circuit that can intelligently turn the fan on and off according to the actual temperature of the battery pack, reduce unnecessary operation, and reduce energy consumption; at the same time, it has fault detection, short circuit and overcurrent protection, and reduces the failure of the whole vehicle.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model proposes the following solution: an intelligent temperature and air control circuit for the battery compartment of electric two-wheeled and three-wheeled vehicles, comprising: a microprocessor, a communication module, and a fan control module; the communication module is used for data connection between the vehicle system and the microprocessor; the fan control module is used for connection between the microprocessor and the battery compartment fan; the microprocessor obtains the battery compartment temperature through the communication module; the microprocessor controls the battery compartment fan through the fan control module; the communication module includes a bus data transceiver chip for isolating the vehicle system from the microprocessor; the enable terminal of the bus data transceiver chip is controlled by the microprocessor; the enable of the fan control module is controlled by a fan enable signal issued by the microprocessor.

[0006] A further improvement to the above solution is that the fan control module includes an electronic switch and a current detection chip controlled by a fan enable signal issued by the microprocessor; the electronic switch controls the power supply of the battery compartment fan; the current detection chip takes the current on the power supply line of the battery compartment fan and can send the acquired current data to the microprocessor; at the same time, the current detection chip can send a motor jam signal to the microprocessor.

[0007] A further improvement to the above solution is that the electronic switch includes a transistor switch controlled by a fan enable signal issued by the microprocessor and a MOSFET switch controlled by the transistor switch; the MOSFET switch controls the power supply to the battery compartment fan.

[0008] A further improvement to the above solution is that the current detection chip obtains current data through a sampling resistor connected in series in the power supply line of the battery compartment fan.

[0009] A further improvement to the above solution is that the current detection chip sends current data through its output terminal, and the current data is also connected to the control terminal of a switch, which is used to control the motor jam signal.

[0010] The intelligent temperature and air control circuit for the battery compartment of electric two-wheeled and three-wheeled vehicles provided by this utility model is connected to the vehicle's communication system through a communication module to read the real-time temperature of the battery pack. At the same time, it can receive remote air control commands from the vehicle's IoT and transmit them to the microprocessor. The microprocessor executes functions and logic judgments by setting thresholds and control commands, and controls the battery pack temperature by starting and stopping the temperature control fan through an electronic switch. By detecting the current magnitude, it can determine whether there is a short circuit or overcurrent fault, and promptly stop working and shut down the temperature control electronic switch to protect the vehicle's power system. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a circuit structure block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the fan control module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the communication module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] This embodiment illustrates an intelligent temperature and air control circuit for the battery compartment of electric two-wheeled and three-wheeled vehicles, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a microprocessor, a communication module, and a fan control module; the communication module is used for data connection between the vehicle system and the microprocessor; the microprocessor obtains the battery compartment temperature through the communication module. Figure 3As shown, the communication module uses a CAN bus forwarding chip U4 to isolate the vehicle system from the microprocessor. The enable pin of the CAN bus forwarding chip U4 is controlled by the microprocessor. In this embodiment, the circuit, as an external component added to an electric two-wheeler or three-wheeler, effectively avoids impacting the original vehicle system through the communication module. Only when the circuit in this embodiment is operational does the microprocessor activate the CAN bus forwarding chip U4 via the CAN enable signal to receive data and obtain battery compartment temperature information; at other times, the CAN bus forwarding chip U4 remains in standby mode to conserve energy. Even in standby mode, the CAN bus forwarding chip U4 can be activated by the CAN bus, allowing the vehicle system to send other data to the circuit in this embodiment. This allows the setting of the fan start-up temperature threshold through the IoT system. Furthermore, if an adjustable-speed fan is used, it can also change the curve between fan speed and temperature, and perform other control command execution and logical judgment functions. The communication module uses bidirectional TVS diodes D1 and D3 to prevent high-voltage and surge breakdown. Considering that the circuit in this embodiment is connected to the vehicle system by wires, ferrite beads B2 and B3 are added to suppress common-mode interference in communication. Other components such as resistors and capacitors are necessary for the implementation of the circuit.

[0015] The fan control module connects the microprocessor to the battery compartment fan; the microprocessor controls the battery compartment fan via the fan control module; the fan control module is enabled by a fan enable signal issued by the microprocessor. Figure 2As shown, the fan enable signal is connected to the base of transistor switch Q1. The emitter and collector of transistor switch Q1 are connected in series to the gate control circuit of MOSFET switch M1. The source and drain of MOSFET switch M1 are connected in series to the 12V power supply line of the battery compartment fan. By changing the level of the fan enable signal, transistor switch Q1 changes its on / off state, thereby changing the voltage divider level of resistors R12 and R15, which is the gate of MOSFET switch M1, ultimately controlling the on / off state of the 12V power supply line of the battery compartment fan. A sampling resistor RS1 is also connected in series on the 12V power supply line of the battery compartment fan. The two ends of resistor RS1 are connected to the two input segments of current detection chip U5. By measuring the voltage difference between the two ends and the resistance value of sampling resistor RS1, the current data of the 12V power supply line of the battery compartment fan can be obtained. Current detection chip U5 outputs the current data to the microprocessor, allowing the microprocessor to obtain the current fan status. The current data from the current detection chip U5 is also a level signal. Different levels are generated based on the magnitude of the current data. Therefore, this level is connected to the base of transistor switch Q2, and the collector and emitter of transistor switch Q2 are connected in series to the motor jam signal circuit. To ensure safety and effectiveness, the motor jam signal uses a low-level active signal; that is, the signal needs to be high to indicate that the circuit is fault-free. This avoids the problem that when using a high-level active signal, level transmission fails due to a fault in the circuit, and the microprocessor cannot receive the signal with the increased level. In this embodiment, 3.3V is used, connected to resistor R18, then grounded through the collector and emitter of transistor switch Q2, and then sent to the microprocessor through resistor R20. When the current exceeds a certain threshold, transistor switch Q2 is triggered, causing it to conduct. The motor jam signal is pulled low, forming a low level, which the microprocessor receives and immediately shuts down. The "motor jamming signal" is merely a name given to the signal. This signal is generated by a sudden increase in current to the battery compartment fan, and is triggered by overcurrent events such as motor jamming or short circuits. It serves as a safety monitoring method for the circuit in this embodiment. Similarly, the fan control module has the necessary components for circuit implementation, such as resistors and capacitors, as well as safety structures like fuses and bidirectional TVS diodes, which will not be elaborated further.

Claims

1. An intelligent temperature and wind control circuit for an electric two-wheeler and three-wheeler battery compartment, characterized by, The application relates to a battery temperature control system for a vehicle, which comprises a microprocessor, a communication module and a fan control module; the communication module is used for data connection between a vehicle system and the microprocessor; the fan control module is used for connection between the microprocessor and a battery compartment fan; the microprocessor acquires a battery compartment temperature through the communication module; the microprocessor controls the battery compartment fan through the fan control module; the communication module comprises a bus data transceiver chip which is used for isolating the vehicle system and the microprocessor; an enabling end of the bus data transceiver chip is controlled by the microprocessor; and the enabling of the fan control module is controlled by a fan enabling signal sent by the microprocessor. The fan control module comprises an electronic switch controlled by the fan enabling signal sent by the microprocessor and a current detection chip; the electronic switch controls power supply of the battery compartment fan; the current detection chip acquires current on a power supply circuit of the battery compartment fan and can send acquired current data to the microprocessor; meanwhile, the current detection chip can send a motor stuck signal to the microprocessor.

2. The electric two-wheeler and three-wheeler battery compartment intelligent temperature control and air control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic switch comprises a triode switch controlled by the fan enabling signal sent by the microprocessor and a MOS tube switch controlled by the triode switch; and the MOS tube switch controls power supply of the battery compartment fan.

3. The electric two-wheeler and three-wheeler battery compartment intelligent temperature control and air control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The current detection chip acquires current data through a sampling resistor connected in series on the power supply circuit of the battery compartment fan.

4. The electric two-wheeler and three-wheeler battery compartment intelligent temperature control and air control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The current detection chip sends current data through an output end; and the current data is also connected to a control end of a switch which is used for controlling the motor stuck signal.

5. The electric two-wheeler and three-wheeler battery compartment intelligent temperature control and air control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: ​

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