Compact speed reducer

Abstract

A compact speed reducer comprises a shell, a bearing cover and a first speed reduction structure assembled in the shell, the first speed reduction structure comprises a first planet shaft, a first sun gear and a plurality of first planet gears, and the first planet gears are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the first sun gear and connected with the first sun gear in a meshed mode. A cavity used for containing the gear structure is formed in the shell, a gear ring is arranged on the side wall of the cavity, and the first planet gear is connected with the gear ring in an engaged mode. The bearing cover is of a crossed roller bearing structure and comprises an inner plate, a crossed rolling piece and an outer ring, the crossed rolling piece is arranged between the inner plate and the outer ring, and the outer ring is fixedly assembled with the shell; one end of the first planet shaft is assembled on the inner plate, and the other end is assembled and connected with the first planet wheel through a first bearing. Compared with the prior art, the speed reducer is small in axial size and suitable for industrial scenes with limited space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of planetary reducer technology, specifically relating to a compact reducer. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of industrial transmission, planetary reducers are core components for power transmission, and their compact structure and spatial adaptability are crucial to equipment design. However, traditional planetary reducers generally adopt an independent planetary carrier structure. As a key component that supports planetary gears and planetary shafts, the planetary carrier occupies a large axial space, and its thickness and assembly tolerances significantly increase the axial dimension of the reducer. In space-constrained industrial scenarios (such as robot joints and precision automated equipment), this axial expansion often leads to installation difficulties and may even require redesigning the equipment structure to accommodate the reducer size, significantly increasing system integration costs.

[0003] In summary, existing speed reducers have significant limitations in terms of compactness, especially in meeting the demands of modern industry for high-precision, miniaturized transmission devices. Therefore, reducing redundant components and optimizing spatial layout through structural innovation has become a key challenge in improving the applicability of speed reducers. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0005] A compact reducer includes a housing, a bearing cover, and a first reduction structure assembled within the housing. The first reduction structure includes a first planetary shaft, a first sun gear, and a plurality of first planetary gears. The plurality of first planetary gears are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first sun gear and mesh with it. The housing has a cavity for accommodating the gear structure, and a gear ring is provided on the side wall of the cavity. The first planetary gears and the gear ring mesh with each other. The bearing cover is a crossed roller bearing structure, including an inner plate, crossed rolling elements, and an outer ring. The crossed rolling elements are disposed between the inner plate and the outer ring, and the outer ring is assembled and fixed to the housing. One end of the first planetary shaft is assembled to the inner plate, and the other end is assembled and connected to the first planetary gears through a first bearing.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a second reduction structure, which includes a second planetary shaft, a second planetary disk, a second sun gear, and several second planetary gears. The several second planetary gears are evenly distributed around the circumference of the second sun gear and mesh with the second sun gear. The second planetary gears are meshed with the ring gear. One end of the second planetary shaft is mounted on the second planetary disk, and the other end is mounted and connected to the second planetary gear through a second bearing. The first sun gear is fixedly connected to the second planetary disk, and the second sun gear is mounted on the input shaft, which extends into the housing from the outside.

[0007] Furthermore, a first gasket is fitted on the side of the inner plate facing the first planetary gear, and the end face of the first planetary gear contacts the first gasket; a second gasket is fitted on the side of the second planetary disk facing the first planetary gear, and the end face of the first planetary gear contacts the second gasket; a third gasket is fitted on the side of the cavity facing the second planetary gear, and the end face of the second planetary gear contacts the third gasket.

[0008] Furthermore, the housing includes a flange base plate and a side shell, a gear ring and a gear ring are disposed on the side shell, and a through hole is provided on the flange base plate for the input shaft to extend into.

[0009] Furthermore, a first sealing protrusion is provided on the outer ring, and a first sealing ring groove that mates with the first sealing protrusion is provided on the side shell; a second sealing protrusion is provided on the side shell, and a second sealing ring groove that mates with the second sealing protrusion is provided on the flange base plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a through groove is provided on the inner plate, and a plug is installed in the through groove.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0012] 1. By designing the bearing cover as a composite structure integrating crossed roller bearings, the inner plate is cleverly used to replace the traditional planetary carrier. The first planetary shaft is directly mounted on the inner plate, thereby reducing the number of parts, saving the assembly space of the planetary carrier, and avoiding the problem of excessive axial dimensions of traditional reducers. This design is especially suitable for industrial scenarios with limited space.

[0013] 2. By setting shims on both ends of the planetary gears, replacing the traditional structure of using the planetary carrier to assemble the planetary shaft in the reducer, the axial dimension of the reducer is further reduced.

[0014] 3. The housing adopts a split design and uses a sealing ring and groove to effectively prevent external dust and lubricating oil leakage. The inner plate has a through groove with a plug structure, allowing workers to add oil to the housing through the through groove. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a 3D view of a compact speed reducer.

[0016] Figure 2 Cross-section of a compact reducer Figure 1 .

[0017] Figure 3 Cross-section of a compact reducer Figure 2 .

[0018] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a compact speed reducer.

[0019] Figure 5This is a 3D view of the bearing cover.

[0020] Figure 6 For the three-dimensional side shell Figure 1 .

[0021] Figure 7 For the three-dimensional side shell Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the flange base plate.

[0023] The following is an explanation of the reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 100. Housing; 110. Flange base plate; 111. Through hole; 112. Second sealing ring groove; 120. Side shell; 121. First sealing ring groove; 122. Second sealing convex ring; 130. Gear ring; 140. Fastener;

[0025] 200, Bearing cap; 210, Inner plate; 211, Through groove; 212, Plug; 220, Cross rolling element; 230, Outer ring; 231, First sealing convex ring;

[0026] 300, First reduction gear; 310, First planetary shaft; 320, First sun gear; 330, First planetary gear; 340, First bearing; 350, First gasket; 360, Second gasket;

[0027] 400, Second reduction gear structure; 410, Second planetary shaft; 420, Second planetary disk; 430, Second planetary gear; 440, Second bearing; 450, Third gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] In the following embodiments, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms such as center, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, thickness, upper, lower, front, back, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inner, outer, clockwise, and counterclockwise, indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features shown. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," etc., should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 8 A compact reducer includes a housing 100, a bearing cover 200, and a first reduction structure 300 and a second reduction structure 400 assembled within the housing 100. The first reduction structure 300 includes a first planetary shaft 310, a first sun gear 320, and a plurality of first planetary gears 330. The plurality of first planetary gears 330 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the first sun gear 320 and mesh with the first sun gear 320. A cavity for accommodating the gear structure is provided within the housing 100, and a gear ring 130 (the gear ring 130 portion is simplified in the attached figure) is provided on the side wall of the cavity. The first planetary gears 330 and the gear ring 130 mesh with each other. The bearing cover 200 is a crossed roller bearing structure, including an inner plate 210, crossed rolling elements 220, and an outer ring 230. The crossed rolling elements 220 are disposed between the inner plate 210 and the outer ring 230, and the outer ring 230 is assembled and fixed to the housing 100 by fasteners 140. One end of the first planetary shaft 310 is mounted on the inner plate 210, and the other end is connected to the first planetary gear 330 via the first bearing 340. The second reduction structure 400 includes a second planetary shaft 410, a second planetary disk 420, a second sun gear, and a plurality of second planetary gears 430. The plurality of second planetary gears 430 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second sun gear and mesh with the second sun gear. The second planetary gears 430 mesh with the gear ring 130. One end of the second planetary shaft 410 is mounted on the second planetary disk 420, and the other end is connected to the second planetary gear 430 via the second bearing 440. The first sun gear 320 is fixedly connected to the second planetary disk 420. The second sun gear is disposed on the input shaft, which extends into the housing 100 from the outside. The input shaft is disposed on a drive component such as a motor, and is therefore not shown in the attached drawings. By designing the bearing cover 200 as a composite structure integrating crossed roller bearings, the inner plate 210 is cleverly used to replace the traditional planetary carrier, and the first planetary shaft 310 is directly mounted on the inner plate 210, thereby reducing the number of parts, saving the assembly space of the planetary carrier, and avoiding the problem of excessive axial dimensions of traditional reducers. This design is particularly suitable for industrial scenarios with limited space.

[0032] Among them, the first bearing 340 and the second bearing 440 adopt needle roller bearings. Needle roller bearings can achieve a combination of high load capacity, low friction, high speed and low noise in a limited space, while simplifying the installation and maintenance process, improving the reliability and energy efficiency of the equipment, and are suitable for engineering scenarios with strict requirements on space, load and performance.

[0033] To further reduce axial space, a first shim 350 is fitted on the side of the inner plate 210 facing the first planetary gear 330, with one end face of the first planetary gear 330 contacting the first shim 350; a second shim 360 is fitted on the side of the second planetary disk 420 facing the first planetary gear 330, with the other end face of the first planetary gear 330 contacting the second shim 360; a third shim 450 is fitted on the side of the cavity facing the second planetary gear 430, with the end face of the second planetary gear 430 contacting the third shim 450. This shim structure not only replaces the traditional planetary carrier structure used to mount planetary shafts in reducers, but also prevents direct friction between the end faces of the planetary gears and the planetary carrier during rotation, thus avoiding abnormal wear and failure of the planetary gear end faces or the inner side of the planetary carrier.

[0034] Furthermore, the housing 100 described in this application adopts a split structure and is sealed by a sealing convex ring and annular groove. Specifically, the housing 100 includes a flange base plate 110 and a side shell 120, which are fixedly connected by fasteners 140. A gear ring 130 is disposed on the side shell 120, and a through hole 111 for the input shaft to extend into is provided on the flange base plate 110. A first sealing convex ring 231 is provided on the outer ring 230, and a first sealing ring groove 121 that mates with the first sealing convex ring 231 is provided on the side shell 120; a second sealing convex ring 122 is provided on the side shell 120, and a second sealing ring groove 112 that mates with the second sealing convex ring 122 is provided on the flange base plate 110. This sealing design, with the sealing convex ring and annular groove engaging, effectively isolates external dust intrusion and prevents lubricating oil leakage. In addition, a through groove 211 is provided on the inner plate 210, and a plug 212 is fitted inside the through groove 211. The through groove 211 and plug 212 of the inner plate 210 provide convenience for maintenance. Lubricating oil can be easily added through the through groove 211, while the plug 212 can ensure the sealing of the cavity to a certain extent, preventing external dust from entering the cavity and affecting the operation of the gear structure.

[0035] The scope of protection of this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims. Any substitutions, modifications, or improvements to this technology that are easily conceived by those skilled in the art shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A compact reducer, comprising a housing (100) and a first reduction structure (300) assembled in the housing (100), the first reduction structure (300) comprising a first planetary shaft (310), a first sun gear (320) and a plurality of first planetary gears (330), the plurality of first planetary gears (330) being evenly distributed along the circumference of the first sun gear (320) and being in meshing connection with the first sun gear (320), the housing (100) being provided with a cavity for accommodating the gear structure, a ring gear (130) being provided on the side wall of the cavity, the first planetary gears (330) and the ring gear (130) being in meshing connection, characterized in that, a bearing cover (200) is further included, the bearing cover (200) being a cross-roller bearing structure comprising an inner plate (210), cross-rolling elements (220) and an outer ring (230), the cross-rolling elements (220) being arranged between the inner plate (210) and the outer ring (230), the outer ring (230) being fixedly assembled with the housing (100); one end of the first planetary shaft (310) is assembled on the inner plate (210), and the other end is assembled with the first planetary gear (330) through a first bearing (340). A second reduction structure (400) is further included, the second reduction structure (400) comprising a second planetary shaft (410), a second planetary disc (420), a second sun gear and a plurality of second planetary gears (430), the plurality of second planetary gears (430) being evenly distributed along the circumference of the second sun gear and being in meshing connection with the second sun gear, the second planetary gears (430) and the ring gear (130) being in meshing connection; one end of the second planetary shaft (410) is assembled on the second planetary disc (420), and the other end is assembled with the second planetary gear (430) through a second bearing (440); 2. A compact speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sun gear (320) is fixedly connected with the second planetary disc (420), and the second sun gear is arranged on an input shaft which extends into the housing (100) from the outside. A first gasket (350) is assembled on the side of the inner plate (210) facing the first planetary gear (330), and the end face of one side of the first planetary gear (330) is in contact with the first gasket (350); a second gasket (360) is assembled on the side of the second planetary disc (420) facing the first planetary gear (330), and the end face of the other side of the first planetary gear (330) is in contact with the second gasket (360); a third gasket (450) is assembled on the side of the cavity facing the second planetary gear (430), and the end face of the second planetary gear (430) is in contact with the third gasket (450).

3. A compact speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that The housing (100) comprises a flange bottom plate (110) and a side shell (120), the ring gear (130) and the ring gear (130) are arranged on the side shell (120), and the flange bottom plate (110) is provided with a through hole (111) for the input shaft to extend into.

4. A compact speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein ​ 5. A compact speed reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that A first sealing convex ring (231) is arranged on the outer ring (230), and a first sealing ring groove (121) matched with the first sealing convex ring (231) is arranged on the side shell (120); a second sealing convex ring (122) is arranged on the side shell (120), and a second sealing ring groove (112) matched with the second sealing convex ring (122) is arranged on the flange bottom plate (110).

6. A compact speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein A through groove (211) is arranged on the inner plate (210), and a plug (212) is assembled in the through groove (211).

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