Tube pass material distributor and heat exchanger
By employing a multi-layered rotating distributor in the heat exchanger, the problem of easy clogging of traditional distributors when the flow rate changes is solved, achieving more efficient material mixing and heat exchange, and reducing equipment failure rate and maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Traditional tube-side distributors become less effective at distributing heat when the flow rate changes, are prone to clogging, and affect heat exchange efficiency.
A tube-side material distributor comprising a first and a second rotating body is used. Supported by a central fixed shaft, the rotating bodies are arranged alternately on the central fixed shaft to form a multi-layer structure. The rotating bodies are driven to rotate by the impact of the material, thereby achieving mixing and uniform distribution of the material.
It improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, reduces equipment vibration and blockage, extends service life, reduces maintenance costs, and achieves more uniform temperature distribution and better fluid mixing effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN224080819U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heat exchange equipment technology, specifically to a tube-side material distributor and a heat exchanger. Background Technology
[0002] Heat exchangers are crucial equipment in chemical production processes. Tube-side distributors are devices that distribute fluid evenly throughout the tubes, preventing flow deviations that could affect heat exchange efficiency. The uniformity and efficiency of material distribution via the tube-side distributor directly impact the heat exchange efficiency in chemical production.
[0003] Traditional tube-side distributors are generally perforated plate structures. While perforated plate structures are simple, their distribution effect deteriorates and heat exchange efficiency decreases when flow velocity changes. Traditional perforated plate structures have baffles with uniformly spaced small holes at the tube box inlet, which diverts flow through the holes. However, these baffles are prone to clogging and make maintenance inconvenient. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a tube-side material distributor and a heat exchanger. The tube-side material distributor can distribute materials evenly and is not easily clogged, while the heat exchanger has high heat exchange efficiency.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] On the one hand, this utility model provides a tube-side material distributor, including a first steering rotating body, a second steering rotating body, and a central fixed shaft:
[0007] The central fixed shaft is used to connect the feed tube box and provide support for the first steering rotating body and the second steering rotating body;
[0008] Both the first and second steering rotating bodies are mounted on the central fixed shaft. When fluids flowing in the same direction impact the first and second steering rotating bodies, the first and second steering rotating bodies rotate in opposite directions.
[0009] In the above-mentioned tube-side material distributor, two adjacent first steering rotating bodies, or two adjacent second steering rotating bodies, or adjacent first steering rotating bodies and second steering rotating bodies are spaced apart along the axial direction of the central fixed shaft.
[0010] And / or, the first steering rotator and the second steering rotator are arranged alternately on the central fixed axis.
[0011] In the above-mentioned tube-side material distributor, two first steering rotating bodies and one second steering rotating body are rotatably mounted on the central fixed shaft, and the second steering rotating body is located between the two first steering rotating bodies;
[0012] And / or, the first steering rotor and the second steering rotor are turbine fans.
[0013] On the other hand, this utility model provides a heat exchanger, including a shell, a tube sheet and a feed tube box; the feed tube box is provided with at least a first tube-side inlet and a second tube-side inlet;
[0014] The material distribution device described above is installed inside the material box.
[0015] In one of the heat exchangers described above, the feed directions of the first tube inlet and the second tube inlet are perpendicular;
[0016] And / or, the central fixed axis is directly opposite the first tube inlet or the second tube inlet;
[0017] And / or, the feed tube box and the central fixed shaft are coaxially arranged.
[0018] In one of the heat exchangers described above, the central fixed shaft is fixed inside the feed pipe box, and the first and second rotating bodies are rotatably connected to the central fixed shaft.
[0019] In one of the heat exchangers described above, one end of the central fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the tube sheet.
[0020] In one of the heat exchangers described above, a guide tube is also provided inside the feed tube box, and the output end of the guide tube is adjacent to the tube-side material distributor.
[0021] In one of the heat exchangers described above, the guide tube is a conical tube with openings at both ends, the smaller end of the guide tube being the input end and the larger end being the output end;
[0022] And / or, the input end of the guide tube extends toward the first tube inlet or the second tube inlet;
[0023] And / or, in the axial direction of the guide tube, the output end of the guide tube overlaps with the tube-side material distributor;
[0024] And / or, the large end of the guide tube is fixedly and sealed to the inner wall of the feed tube box;
[0025] And / or, the central fixed shaft and the guide tube are coaxially arranged.
[0026] In one of the heat exchangers described above, a manhole is provided on the side wall of the feed tube box, and the manhole is located near the tube sheet.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0028] In the technical solution of this application, the tube-side material distributor is installed in the feed tube box of the heat exchanger using a central fixed shaft. The material flowing in the feed tube box drives the first and second steering rotating bodies to rotate. The first and second steering rotating bodies rotate in different directions, thereby generating different directional disturbances on the material in the axial direction of the central fixed shaft, promoting material mixing and resulting in good mixing uniformity.
[0029] The first and second rotating bodies, arranged at intervals, are distributed in layers on the central fixed axis. Each first rotating body and each second rotating body is an independent layer, thus forming multiple rotating layers. The multi-layer rotating body design of the tube-side material distributor can more effectively distribute fluid energy and reduce the internal losses that may occur when a single rotating body layer handles high-energy fluids.
[0030] The alternating arrangement of the first and second rotating bodies ensures that adjacent layers rotate at different directions, maximizing the disturbance of the material and further promoting uniform mixing.
[0031] The multi-layered structure of the tube-side material distributor helps to disperse and absorb vibration, thereby reducing the overall vibration level of the equipment and extending its service life;
[0032] In heat exchangers, the assembly structure of the tube-side material distributor and the feed tube box is simple and stable. The blade-type tube-side material distributor will not clog, reducing operating and maintenance costs and facilitating maintenance. At the same time, the tube-side material distributor can also achieve the best material mixing effect, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. By actively dispersing the material through the tube-side material distributor, the flow rates of different fluids are evenly distributed, reducing local overheating or insufficient cooling, thereby improving the overall heat exchange effect.
[0033] Uniform temperature distribution reduces stress concentration caused by temperature differences, lowers equipment failure rate, and extends service life;
[0034] Because the system is more efficient, energy consumption is reduced, and additional maintenance costs due to equipment failure are also reduced.
[0035] The guide tube is used to collect and transport the material to the tube-side material distributor, and the material is distributed in conjunction with the tube-side material distributor to further improve the uniformity of material distribution;
[0036] The guide tube adopts a conical cylindrical structure, forming a space with one end larger than the other. The material enters from the smaller end of the guide tube, and as the cross-section of the space increases, the material diffuses and mixes. The mixed material is then disturbed by the tube-side material distributor, resulting in uniform material distribution under multiple effects. The guide tube, which is coaxially set with the central fixed axis, can ensure that the material flows through the tube-side material distributor to the greatest extent. Attached Figure Description
[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tubular material distributor of this utility model;
[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the distributor assembly in the tubular material distributor of this utility model;
[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second steering rotating bodies of the distributor components in the tubular material distributor of this utility model.
[0040] In the picture:
[0041] 1-Cylinder, 2-Tube bundle, 3-Tube sheet, 4-Manhole, 5-Sleeve, 6-Central fixed shaft, 7-First rotating body, 8-Second rotating body, 9-First tube inlet, 10-Feed tube box, 11-Second tube inlet, 12-Guide tube, 13-Blade, 14-Connecting seat. Detailed Implementation
[0042] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-3 This is one embodiment of the heat exchanger provided by the present invention, including a shell body 1, a tube bundle 2, a tube sheet 3, a feed tube box 10, etc.; the material flows through the feed tube box 10 and the tube sheet 3 into the tube bundle 2. The shell body 1 is also provided with a shell-side medium inlet, a shell-side medium outlet, and a discharge tube box, etc., which are prior art and will not be described in detail here.
[0044] The feed tube box 10 is equipped with at least a first-pass inlet 9 and a second-pass inlet 11. Of course, a third-pass inlet or other inlets may also be provided depending on actual usage requirements. In order to ensure that the two materials entering the feed tube box 10 from the first-pass inlet 9 and the second-pass inlet 11 are fully mixed, a tube-side material distributor is provided inside the feed tube box 10 to actively disperse the materials, prevent material blockage, achieve more uniform heat exchange, and improve heat exchange efficiency.
[0045] The tubular material distributor includes a first rotating deflector 7, a second rotating deflector 8, and a central fixed shaft 6. The central fixed shaft 6 is installed inside the feed tube box 10, providing support for the first rotating deflector 7 and the second rotating deflector 8. Both the first rotating deflector 7 and the second rotating deflector 8 are mounted on the central fixed shaft 6; each includes a connecting seat 14 and several blades 13, with the blades 13 arranged around the connecting seat 14. The difference is that when fluid flowing in the same direction impacts the first rotating deflector 7 and the second rotating deflector 8, their directions of rotation are opposite.
[0046] The number of first steering rotating bodies 7 and second steering rotating bodies 8 can be set as needed; along the axial direction of the central fixed shaft 6, adjacent first steering rotating bodies 7, adjacent second steering rotating bodies 8, or adjacent first steering rotating bodies 7 and second steering rotating bodies 8 are spaced apart. The spaced-apart first steering rotating bodies 7 and second steering rotating bodies 8 are distributed in layers on the central fixed shaft 6, with each first steering rotating body 7 and each second steering rotating body 8 forming an independent layer, thus creating multiple rotating layers.
[0047] Preferably, the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 are arranged sequentially according to a set arrangement rule. For example, on the axial direction of the central fixed shaft 6, the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 are arranged alternately, that is, the first steering rotating body 7, the second steering rotating body 8, the first steering rotating body 7, the second steering rotating body 8... The alternating arrangement of the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 makes the adjacent two layers rotate differently, maximizing the disturbance to the material and further promoting the uniform mixing of the material; the rotating bodies of different layers can be designed specifically according to the fluid characteristics to ensure the best flow distribution and pressure balance.
[0048] For example, two first steering rotating bodies 7 and one second steering rotating body 8 are rotatably mounted on the central fixed shaft 6. The second steering rotating body 8 is located between the two first steering rotating bodies 7 in the axial direction of the central fixed shaft 6, which can take into account both the mixing of materials and the space of the feed tube box 10.
[0049] Understandably, the central fixed shaft 6 can be fixed inside the feed tube box 10. At this time, both the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 are rotatably connected to the central fixed shaft 6.
[0050] Preferably, one end of the central fixed shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the tube sheet 3. For example, a bushing 5 is centrally mounted on the tube sheet 3, and one end of the central fixed shaft 6 extends into the bushing 5 and is fixedly connected by a set screw. Depending on the installation position of the central fixed shaft 6 and the stability of the tube-side material distributor during operation, the end of the central fixed shaft 6 furthest from the tube sheet 3 can also be supported. The connection method between the central fixed shaft 6 and the tube sheet 3 is not limited to the above-mentioned scheme of using the bushing 5 with a set screw; the central fixed shaft 6 can also be directly welded and fixed to the tube sheet 3, or the connection between the central fixed shaft 6 and the tube sheet 3 can be achieved using bolt and nut assemblies, etc.
[0051] The central fixed shaft 6 is fixed on the tube sheet 3, which provides more equipment connection space for the feed tube box 10, especially for the setting of the tube inlet; on the other hand, the fixed installation position of the central fixed shaft 6 is set at the tube sheet 3 that needs to be maintained, so as to facilitate maintenance together with the tube sheet 3.
[0052] Alternatively, the central fixed shaft 6 can be rotatably installed inside the feed tube box 10. In this case, one of the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 is rotatably connected to the central fixed shaft 6, while the other can be fixed to the central fixed shaft 6; alternatively, both the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 can be rotatably connected to the central fixed shaft 6. However, compared to the scheme where the central fixed shaft 6 is fixed inside the feed tube box 10, the scheme where the central fixed shaft 6 is rotatably installed inside the feed tube box 10 has the problems of complex implementation structure and high rotational resistance of the first steering rotating body 7 or the second steering rotating body 8 fixedly connected to the central fixed shaft 6. The implementation effect is not as good as the scheme where the central fixed shaft 6 can be fixed inside the feed tube box 10.
[0053] As the material flows into the tube sheet 3, it impacts and drives the first and second rotating bodies 7 and 8 to rotate. The forward and reverse rotation of these bodies ensures uniform and thorough mixing of the material, and their operation is stable. The material flow rate drives the first and second rotating bodies 7 and 8, fully utilizing the impact kinetic energy of the material. This eliminates the need for alternative energy sources, such as electricity, making the drive method more environmentally friendly. The first and second rotating bodies 7 and 8 on the central fixed shaft 6 are arranged in layers. This multi-layered, forward and reverse rotation structure allows for more efficient utilization of the material's impact energy, avoiding energy loss and achieving "cascaded energy recovery." This results in efficient heat exchange with lower energy consumption. Compared to existing porous distributors, the material flow resistance is significantly reduced. The rotation of the first and second rotating bodies 7 and 8 generates forced secondary flow, enhancing turbulent mixing and ensuring more thorough material mixing. Meanwhile, the tubular material distributor in this solution is less prone to clogging, requires less maintenance, and effectively reduces downtime for maintenance.
[0054] Both the first rotating body 7 and the second rotating body 8 can be made of turbine fans, impellers, etc. In particular, the use of turbine fans in the first rotating body 7 and the second rotating body 8 can enhance turbulent mixing and make the material mixing more thorough. The material input through the first pipe inlet 9 and the second pipe inlet 11 can be a large-flow fluid such as gaseous material, mist material, gas-liquid mixture material, etc.
[0055] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first tube inlet 9 is located on the side wall of the feed tube box 10, and the second tube inlet 11 is located at the end of the feed tube box 10 away from the cylinder 1; the feeding directions of the first tube inlet 9 and the second tube inlet 11 are perpendicular, which is conducive to material mixing.
[0056] Furthermore, the central fixed shaft 6 is directly opposite the first pipe inlet 9 or the second pipe inlet 11, that is, the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 directly face the material flowing into the feed tube box 10 from the first pipe inlet 9 or the second pipe inlet 11. The material has a large impact on the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8, and the first steering rotating body 7 and the second steering rotating body 8 rotate at high speeds, which increases the strength of material dispersion and makes the material more uniformly mixed.
[0057] A guide tube 12 may also be installed inside the feed tube box 10 to guide the feed flow of the first tube inlet 9 and the second tube inlet 11. The guide tube 12 is a conical tube with openings at both ends; the length of the guide tube 12 is parallel to the length of the feed tube box 10. In the material flow direction of the feed tube box 10, the large end of the guide tube 12 is located downstream of the small end, that is, the large end of the guide tube 12 is the output end and the small end is the input end; the output end of the guide tube 12 is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the feed tube box 10, while the input end extends towards the first tube inlet 9 or the second tube inlet 11.
[0058] For example, the second tube inlet 11 is closer to the input end of the guide tube 12 than the first tube inlet 9. Of the two streams of material entering from the first tube inlet 9 and the second tube inlet 11, the material entering from the second tube inlet 11 directly enters the guide tube 12 through the input end, while the material entering from the first tube inlet 9 flows along the space between the guide tube 12 and the feed tube box 10 to the input end of the guide tube 12, and then enters the guide tube 12. On the one hand, the two streams of material will diffuse and mix as they flow from the small cross-sectional area to the large cross-sectional area of the guide tube 12; on the other hand, the guide tube 12 guides the two streams of material after confluence to the tube-side material distributor. With the help of the tube-side material distributor, the mixing effect of the two streams of material can be greatly improved, especially when the output end of the guide tube 12 has an overlapping area with the first rotating body 7 or the second rotating body 8 far away from the tube sheet 3.
[0059] Preferably, the feed tube box 10, the central fixed shaft 6, and the guide tube 12 are coaxially arranged, and the tube-side material distributor can cover the largest internal space of the feed tube box 10, avoiding the existence of dead corners in the mixing.
[0060] The feed tube box 10 is provided with a manhole 4 on its side wall. The manhole 4 is located between the tube sheet 3 and the first rotating body 7 or the second rotating body 8, which facilitates observation of the operation of the tube sheet 3 and the distributor assembly, and also facilitates equipment maintenance.
[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A tube pass material distributor characterized by, The device comprises a first rotating body (7), a second rotating body (8) and a central fixed shaft (6): The central fixed shaft (6) is used for connecting a feed pipe box (10) to provide support for the first rotating body (7) and the second rotating body (8). The first rotating body (7) and the second rotating body (8) are both mounted on the central fixed shaft (6), and when the fluid of the same flow direction impacts on the first rotating body (7) and the second rotating body (8), the directions of rotation of the first rotating body (7) and the second rotating body (8) are opposite.
2. A tube pass material distributor according to claim 1, wherein, In the axial direction of the central fixed shaft (6), two adjacent first rotating bodies (7), two adjacent second rotating bodies (8) or one first rotating body (7) and one second rotating body (8) are arranged at intervals. The first rotating body (7) and the second rotating body (8) are arranged at intervals on the central fixed shaft (6).
3. A tube pass material distributor according to claim 1, wherein, Two first rotating bodies (7) and one second rotating body (8) are rotatably mounted on the central fixed shaft (6), and the second rotating body (8) is located between the two first rotating bodies (7). The first rotating body (7) and the second rotating body (8) are both turbine fans.
4. A heat exchanger comprising a shell (1), a tube sheet (3) and a feed tube box (10); characterized in that, The feed pipe box (10) is provided with at least a first tube pass inlet (9) and a second tube pass inlet (11). The feed pipe box (10) is provided with the tube pass material distributor according to any one of claims 1-3.
5. A heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein The feeding directions of the first tube pass inlet (9) and the second tube pass inlet (11) are perpendicular. The central fixed shaft (6) is opposite to the first tube pass inlet (9) or the second tube pass inlet (11). The feed pipe box (10) and the central fixed shaft (6) are coaxially arranged.
6. A heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein The central fixed shaft (6) is fixed in the feed pipe box (10), and the first rotating body (7) and the second rotating body (8) are rotatably connected with the central fixed shaft (6).
7. A heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein One end of the central fixed shaft (6) is fixedly connected with the tube plate (3).
8. A heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein The feed pipe box (10) is further provided with a flow guide cylinder (12), and an output end of the flow guide cylinder (12) is adjacent to the tube pass material distributor.
9. A heat exchanger according to claim 8, wherein The flow guide cylinder (12) is a conical cylinder with both ends open, the small end of the flow guide cylinder (12) is an input end, and the large end is an output end. The input end of the flow guide cylinder (12) extends to the first tube pass inlet (9) or the second tube pass inlet (11). In the axial direction of the flow guide cylinder (12), the output end of the flow guide cylinder (12) has an overlapping area with the tube pass material distributor. The large end of the flow guide cylinder (12) is fixedly and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the feed pipe box (10). The central fixed shaft (6) and the flow guide cylinder (12) are coaxially arranged.
10. A heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein A manhole (4) is arranged on the side wall of the feed tube box (10), and the manhole (4) is arranged close to the tube plate (3).