Thermal management system
By designing a thermal management system in hybrid vehicles, exhaust heat exchangers and heat storage devices are used to recover and store exhaust waste heat, solving the problem of insufficient heating during engine cold starts, achieving efficient utilization of thermal energy and meeting the heating needs of multiple devices, and reducing vehicle operating costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
In existing hybrid passenger vehicles and hybrid motorhomes, the engine coolant temperature is low during cold starts, resulting in limited heating power and difficulty in meeting the simultaneous heating needs of multiple devices. Furthermore, the exhaust waste heat temperature is high, but there is a lack of an effective heat recovery system, leading to a waste of heat energy.
Design a thermal management system including a pure electric circuit and a heat recovery circuit. The system recovers heat energy from the exhaust system through an exhaust heat exchanger and stores and releases heat energy using a heat storage device. It also distributes and utilizes heat energy by combining different components at the heating end.
It improves thermal energy utilization, reduces vehicle operating costs, meets the heating needs of multiple devices, and reduces thermal energy waste.
Smart Images
Figure CN224089993U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to a thermal management system. Background Technology
[0002] Existing hybrid passenger vehicles and hybrid motorhomes mainly rely on the waste heat from engine cooling water for heating. However, the cooling water temperature is low and the heating power is limited when the engine is cold-started, making it difficult to meet the heating needs of multiple devices simultaneously.
[0003] Vehicle exhaust heat is high in temperature and energy. Hybrid passenger vehicles and hybrid RVs lack a heat recovery system for exhaust heat, resulting in a waste of heat energy. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides a thermal management system that can recover and store heat energy from a vehicle's exhaust system, thereby improving heat energy utilization and reducing vehicle operating costs.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include:
[0006] This application provides a thermal management system, including: a pure electric circuit and a heat recovery circuit. The pure electric circuit includes a water pump, a heater, and a heating end. The heater is connected to the heating end via the water pump, and the water pump delivers the heat energy generated in the heater to the heating end. The heat recovery circuit includes an exhaust heat exchanger and a heat storage tank. The exhaust heat exchanger is connected to the pure electric circuit to deliver the heat energy of the exhaust system to the pure electric circuit. The heat storage tank is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger to store the heat energy in the exhaust heat exchanger. The thermal management system includes a pure electric heating state. The thermal management system can be configured in three states: hybrid heating and thermal storage. When the thermal management system is in pure electric heating mode, the heat recovery circuit is disconnected from the pure electric circuit, the heater operates, and the heat energy generated in the heater is transported to the heating end by a water pump. When the thermal management system is in hybrid heating mode, the exhaust heat exchanger of the heat recovery circuit is connected to the pure electric circuit, and the heat energy of the exhaust system is transported to the pure electric circuit through the exhaust heat exchanger, and then the heat energy is transported to the heating end by a water pump. When the thermal management system is in thermal storage mode, the thermal storage device is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger, and the thermal storage device stores the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger.
[0007] Furthermore, the heat storage device is connected in parallel with the exhaust heat exchanger. The heat storage device includes a heat recovery state and a heat release state. When the heat storage device is in the heat recovery state, it is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger and stores the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger. When the heat storage device is in the heat release state, it is connected to the pure electric circuit to transfer the heat energy in the heat storage device to the pure electric circuit.
[0008] Furthermore, the heat recovery loop includes a heat sensor connected to the output of the exhaust heat exchanger.
[0009] Furthermore, the heat recovery loop also includes a radiator connected to the output end of the exhaust heat exchanger. The radiator has a first heat dissipation state and a stop state. When the radiator is in the first heat dissipation state, the exhaust heat exchanger is connected to the radiator. When the radiator is in the stop state, the exhaust heat exchanger is disconnected from the radiator.
[0010] Furthermore, the heat recovery circuit also includes an engine flow path, the output end of which is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger, and the input end of which is connected to the radiator; when the radiator is in the first heat dissipation state, the engine flow path and the exhaust heat exchanger are connected to the radiator.
[0011] Furthermore, the heat recovery circuit also includes a heat dissipation channel, the two ends of which are connected to the output end of the engine flow path and the input end of the radiator, respectively, so that the radiator also includes a second heat dissipation state; when the radiator is in the second heat dissipation state, the exhaust heat exchanger is disconnected from the radiator, and the heat dissipation channel is connected to the engine flow path.
[0012] Furthermore, the heating end includes heat exchange components and heating components connected in parallel. The heat exchange components and heating components are respectively connected to the output end of the heater so that the heat energy generated in the heater can be transferred to the heat exchange components and heating components. The heat exchange components include a battery heat exchanger and a water heater, which are connected in parallel. The heating components include an air conditioner heater and a water radiator, which are connected in parallel.
[0013] Furthermore, when the pure electric circuit starts up, the heater sequentially heats the battery heat exchanger, air conditioner heater, water radiator, and water heater.
[0014] Furthermore, the heating end also includes a water storage tank, which is connected to the water heater and supplies water to the water heater through the water storage tank.
[0015] Furthermore, the thermal management system also includes a first expansion tank, which is connected to a pure electric circuit.
[0016] (1) By using an exhaust heat exchanger to recover the heat energy of the vehicle exhaust system, the utilization rate of vehicle heat energy is improved and the cost of vehicle use is reduced.
[0017] (2) By storing the heat energy in the exhaust heat exchanger through the heat storage device, the heat energy can be recovered and stored, thereby reducing heat energy waste, improving heat energy utilization, and further reducing vehicle usage costs. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system provided in this application.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system provided in this application in a pure electric heating state.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system provided in this application in a hybrid heating state.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system provided in this application under the condition of no heating demand.
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system provided in this application operating in pure electric energy-saving heating mode.
[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: pure electric circuit 1, water pump 101, heater 102, heating end 103, heat exchange component 1031, battery heat exchanger 10311, water heater 10312, second connecting valve 10313, heating component 1032, air conditioner heater 10321, water radiator 10322, third connecting valve 10323, water storage tank 104, first connecting valve 105, fourth connecting valve 106, tee connector 107;
[0025] Heat recovery circuit 2, engine flow path 201, engine water pump 2011, exhaust heat exchanger 202, seventh connecting valve 2021, eighth connecting valve 2022, heat storage tank 203, heat sensor 204, radiator 205, heat dissipation channel 206, fifth connecting valve 2061, sixth connecting valve 2062, second expansion tank 207.
[0026] First expansion kettle 3. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, as one implementation, this application provides a thermal management system for hybrid vehicles, which provides thermal energy to the heating end of the hybrid vehicle.
[0029] The thermal management system includes a pure electric circuit 1 and a heat recovery circuit 2. The pure electric circuit 1 provides heat energy to the heating end of the vehicle through electrical energy, while the heat recovery circuit 2 provides heat energy to the heating end of the vehicle by recovering heat energy from the engine and exhaust system.
[0030] Specifically, the pure electric circuit 1 includes a water pump 101, a heater 102 and a heating end 103. The heater 102 is connected to the heating end 103 through the water pump 101, and the water pump 101 transports the liquid in the heater 102 to the heating end 103.
[0031] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the liquid acts as a heat transfer medium, flowing between the pure electric circuit 1 and the heat recovery circuit 2.
[0032] During operation, the liquid is heated by the heater 102, which raises the liquid temperature. Then, the liquid in the heater 102 is transported to the heating end 103 by the water pump 101, thereby realizing the transfer of heat energy to the heating end 103.
[0033] The heat recovery circuit 2 includes an exhaust heat exchanger 202 and a heat storage device 203. The exhaust heat exchanger 202 is connected to the pure electric circuit 1. The heat energy of the exhaust system is recovered through the exhaust heat exchanger 202 and then the recovered heat energy is transported to the pure electric circuit 1.
[0034] Specifically, when the heat recovery circuit 2 is working, the heat energy in the exhaust system is transferred to the liquid in the exhaust heat exchanger 202 through the exhaust heat exchanger 202, and the liquid in the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is then transferred to the pure electric circuit 1, thereby transferring the heat energy of the exhaust system to the pure electric circuit 1 through the exhaust heat exchanger 202.
[0035] The heat storage device 203 is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger 202. The heat storage device 203 stores the heat energy in the exhaust heat exchanger 202, so as to recover and store the heat energy, thereby reducing heat energy waste, improving heat energy utilization, and thus reducing vehicle operating costs.
[0036] The thermal management system includes pure electric heating mode, hybrid heating mode, and thermal storage mode.
[0037] When the thermal management system is in pure electric heating mode, the heat recovery circuit 2 is disconnected from the pure electric circuit 1, the heater 102 works, and the heat energy generated in the heater 102 is transported to the heating end 103 through the water pump 101.
[0038] It should be noted that when the thermal management system is in pure electric heating mode, the vehicle's engine is either stopped or in the initial stage of starting, and the engine generates less heat.
[0039] When the thermal management system is in hybrid heating mode, the exhaust heat exchanger 202 of the heat recovery circuit 2 is connected to the pure electric circuit 1. The heat energy of the exhaust system is transferred to the pure electric circuit 1 through the exhaust heat exchanger 202, and then the heat energy is transferred to the heating end 103 through the water pump 101.
[0040] It should be noted that when the thermal management system is in hybrid heating mode, the heater 102 of the pure electric circuit 1 can be in working mode or in shutdown mode. In this implementation, when the thermal management system is in hybrid heating mode, the heater 102 is in shutdown mode to reduce power consumption.
[0041] When the thermal management system is in the heat storage state, the heat storage unit 203 is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger 202, and the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is stored through the heat storage unit 203.
[0042] It should be noted that when the thermal management system is in the heat storage state, the exhaust heat exchanger 202 can be connected to or disconnected from the pure electric circuit 1. In this implementation, when the thermal management system is in the heat storage state, the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is disconnected from the pure electric circuit 1.
[0043] As one implementation method, along the liquid flow direction in the pure electric circuit 1, the water pump 101, the heater 102 and the heating end 103 are connected in sequence. The water pump 101 drives the liquid flow in the pure electric circuit 1, thereby making the heat energy circulate in the pure electric circuit 1.
[0044] It should be noted that the positions of the water pump 101 and the heater 102 can be interchanged. Along the liquid flow direction in the pure electric circuit 1, the heating end 103 is always located at the rear end of the heater 102.
[0045] In one implementation, the heating end 103 includes a heat exchange component 1031 and a heating component 1032 connected in parallel. The heat exchange component 1031 is used to transfer heat energy to the battery and the user's domestic water. The heating component 1032 is used to transfer heat energy to the air inside the vehicle. The heat exchange component 1031 and the heating component 1032 are respectively connected to the output end of the heater 102 so that the heat energy generated in the heater 102 is transported to the heat exchange component 1031 and the heating component 1032.
[0046] It should be noted that when used in the heating end 103, one or both of the heat exchange component 1031 and the heating component 1032 can be connected to the heater 102, thereby transferring the heat energy generated in the heater 102 to one or both of the heat exchange component 1031 and the heating component 1032.
[0047] Specifically, the pure electric circuit 1 includes a first connecting valve 105, and the heat exchange assembly 1031 and the heating assembly 1032 are connected to the output terminal of the heater 102 through the first connecting valve 105.
[0048] The first connecting valve 105 is a three-way valve. The input end of the heat exchange component 1031 and the input end of the heating component 1032 are connected to the first connecting valve 105. At the same time, the output end of the heater 102 is connected to the first connecting valve 105. By controlling the first connecting valve 105, the liquid heated by the heater 102 flows into one or both of the heat exchange component 1031 and the heating component 1032.
[0049] It should be noted that in this implementation, by controlling the three-way valve, the liquid heated by the heater 102 flows into one of the heat exchange component 1031 and the heating component 1032.
[0050] In one implementation, the heat exchange assembly 1031 includes a battery heat exchanger 10311 and a water heater 10312, which are connected in parallel.
[0051] Specifically, the heat exchange assembly 1031 also includes a second connecting valve 10313, the input end of the battery heat exchanger 10311 and the input end of the water heater 10312 are respectively connected to the output end of the second connecting valve 10313, and the input end of the second connecting valve 10313 is connected to the output end of the first connecting valve 105.
[0052] The second connecting valve 10313 is a three-way valve. By controlling the second connecting valve 10313, the liquid heated by the heater 102 flows into one or both of the battery heat exchanger 10311 and the water heater 10312.
[0053] As one implementation, the heating component 1032 includes an air conditioning heater 10321 and a water radiator 10322, which are connected in parallel.
[0054] Specifically, the heating assembly 1032 also includes a third connecting valve 10323, the input end of the air conditioner heater 10321 and the input end of the water radiator 10322 are connected to the output end of the third connecting valve 10323, and the input end of the third connecting valve 10323 is connected to the first connecting valve 105.
[0055] Specifically, the third connecting valve 10323 is a three-way valve. By controlling the third connecting valve 10323, the liquid heated by the heater 102 flows into one or both of the air conditioner heater 10321 and the water heater 10322.
[0056] As one implementation method, when the pure electric circuit 1 is started, the heater 102 sequentially supplies heat to the battery heat exchanger 10311, the air conditioner heater 10321, the water radiator 10322 and the water heater 10312 by controlling the first connecting valve 105, the second connecting valve 10313 and the third connecting valve 10323.
[0057] That is, when the pure electric circuit 1 is started, the heating end 103 of the vehicle is in a low temperature state. At this time, the battery heat exchanger 10311 has the highest heating priority. The heater 102 first heats the battery heat exchanger 10311, then heats the air conditioner heater 10321, then heats the water heater 10322, and finally heats the water heater 10312.
[0058] It should be noted that after the heating system has been running for a period of time, the first connecting valve 105, the second connecting valve 10313, and the third connecting valve 10323 can be controlled according to the heat demand of the battery heat exchanger 10311, the air conditioner heater 10321, the water radiator 10322, and the water heater 10312, so that the heat energy generated by the heater 102 can meet the heat demand of the battery heat exchanger 10311, the air conditioner heater 10321, the water radiator 10322, and the water heater 10312.
[0059] As one implementation method, the heating end 103 also includes a water storage tank 104, which is connected to the water heater 10312 and supplies water to the water heater 10312 through the water storage tank 104.
[0060] Water heater 10312 is a heat exchange type hot water device. Through water heater 10312, the heat energy in pure electric circuit 1 is transferred to the water in the flow path of water storage tank 104, so as to raise the water temperature.
[0061] As one implementation method, the thermal management system also includes a first expansion tank 3, which is connected to the pure electric circuit 1.
[0062] Specifically, in this implementation, the first expansion tank 3 is connected to the input terminal of the water pump 101. The first expansion tank 3 replenishes the liquid in the pure electric circuit 1 to prevent the pure electric circuit 1 from experiencing a lack of liquid.
[0063] As one implementation, the pure electric circuit 1 also includes a fourth connecting valve 106 and a three-way connector 107 connected in sequence. The three-way connector 107 is connected to the input end of the water pump 101, and the output ends of the battery heat exchanger 10311, the air conditioner heater 10321, the water radiator 10322, and the water heater 10312 are connected to the fourth connecting valve 106.
[0064] The input end of the heat recovery circuit 2 is connected to the fourth connecting valve 106, and the output end of the heat recovery circuit 2 is connected to the tee connector 107.
[0065] Specifically, the fourth connecting valve 106 is a four-way valve, which includes two inlet ports and two outlet ports. The outlet of the water heater 10312 is connected to one of the inlet ports of the fourth connecting valve 106, and the outlets of the battery heat exchanger 10311, the air conditioner heater 10321, and the water radiator 10322 are connected to the other inlet port of the fourth connecting valve 106. The inlet of the three-way connector 107 is connected to one of the outlet ports of the fourth connecting valve 106 to deliver liquid to the water pump 101, and the inlet of the heat recovery circuit 2 is connected to the other outlet port of the fourth connecting valve 106.
[0066] By controlling the fourth connecting valve 106, liquid can flow into one or both of the water pump 101 or the heat recovery circuit 2.
[0067] In one implementation, the heat storage unit 203 is connected in parallel with the exhaust heat exchanger 202, and the heat storage unit 203 includes a heat recovery state and a heat release state.
[0068] When the heat storage device 203 is in the heat recovery state, the heat storage device 203 is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger 202. The heat storage device 203 stores the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger 202. At the same time, it can reduce the temperature of the exhaust heat exchanger 202, thereby improving energy utilization and the safety of the exhaust heat exchanger 202.
[0069] When the heat storage device 203 is in the heat release state, the heat storage device 203 is connected to the pure electric circuit 1 to transfer the heat energy in the heat storage device 203 to the pure electric circuit 1.
[0070] As one implementation method, the heat storage tank 203 is filled with a phase change material. When the liquid flows into the heat storage tank 203, the phase change material causes a state change, thereby storing the heat energy in the liquid and reducing the temperature of the liquid.
[0071] Optionally, the phase change material is a mixture of paraffin and 8%-10% expanded graphite.
[0072] It should be noted that the tank body of the heat storage device 203 is designed with metal coils to facilitate heat exchange between the phase change material and the liquid. The tank body of the heat storage device 203 mainly consists of an inner liner and an outer shell. The metal coils extend into the inner liner, which is made of 316L stainless steel to prevent corrosion of the phase change material and extend its service life. Aerogel insulation cotton is wrapped around the inner liner to keep the tank body warm, and the outer shell is wrapped with 304 stainless steel.
[0073] As one implementation method, the heat recovery loop 2 includes a heat sensor 204, which is connected to the output end of the exhaust heat exchanger 202. The heat sensor 204 monitors the liquid temperature output by the exhaust heat exchanger 202 to determine whether the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 should be transferred to the heat storage tank 203.
[0074] Specifically, when the liquid temperature output by the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is between 100°C and 140°C, the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is transferred to the heat storage tank 203, and the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is stored in the heat storage tank 203.
[0075] When the liquid temperature output by the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is below 100°C, the heat storage tank 203 is disconnected from the exhaust heat exchanger 202.
[0076] When the liquid temperature output by the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is higher than 140°C, the exhaust heat exchanger 202 needs to be cooled.
[0077] As one implementation method, the heat recovery loop 2 also includes a radiator 205, which is connected to the output end of the exhaust heat exchanger 202. The radiator 205 is used to dissipate heat from the exhaust heat exchanger 202 and prevent the temperature of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 from becoming too high.
[0078] During the operation of the radiator 205, the radiator 205 includes a first heat dissipation state and a stop state.
[0079] When the radiator 205 is in the first heat dissipation state (when the liquid temperature output by the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is higher than 140°C), the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is connected to the radiator 205, and the radiator 205 dissipates heat from the exhaust heat exchanger 202 to prevent the temperature of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 from becoming too high.
[0080] When the radiator 205 is in a stopped state, the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is disconnected from the radiator 205.
[0081] As one implementation method, the heat recovery circuit 2 also includes an engine flow path 201. The output end of the engine flow path 201 is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger 202, and the input end of the engine flow path 201 is connected to the radiator 205. The radiator 205 simultaneously dissipates heat from both the engine flow path 201 and the exhaust heat exchanger 202, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.
[0082] When the radiator 205 is in the first heat dissipation state, the engine flow path 201 and the exhaust heat exchanger 202 are connected to the radiator 205.
[0083] As one implementation method, the heat recovery circuit 2 also includes a heat dissipation channel 206. The two ends of the heat dissipation channel 206 are connected to the output end of the engine flow path 201 and the input end of the radiator 205, respectively. That is, the heat dissipation channel 206 is connected in parallel with the exhaust heat exchanger 202. By controlling the on and off of the heat dissipation channel 206, the engine flow path 201 and the exhaust heat exchanger 202 can dissipate heat simultaneously or the engine flow path 201 can dissipate heat independently.
[0084] Specifically, the radiator 205 also includes a second heat dissipation state; when the radiator 205 is in the second heat dissipation state, the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is disconnected from the radiator 205, and the heat dissipation flow channel 206 is connected to the engine flow path 201.
[0085] As one implementation, the two ends of the heat dissipation channel 206 are connected to a fifth connecting valve 2061 and a sixth connecting valve 2062. The fifth connecting valve 2061 is connected to the output end of the engine flow path 201, and the sixth connecting valve 2062 is connected to the input end of the radiator 205.
[0086] The fifth connecting valve 2061 and the sixth connecting valve 2062 are used to control whether the exhaust heat exchanger 202 dissipates heat.
[0087] Specifically, the fifth connecting valve 2061 is a three-way valve with one inlet and two outlets. The inlet of the fifth connecting valve 2061 is connected to the outlet of the engine flow path 201, one of the outlets of the fifth connecting valve 2061 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust heat exchanger 202, and the other outlet of the fifth connecting valve 2061 is connected to the inlet of the heat dissipation channel 206.
[0088] The sixth connecting valve 2062 is also a three-way valve, with two inlet ports and one outlet port. One of the inlet ports of the sixth connecting valve 2062 is connected to the outlet end of the heat dissipation channel 206, the other inlet port of the sixth connecting valve 2062 is connected to the outlet end of the exhaust heat exchanger 202, and the outlet port of the sixth connecting valve 2062 is connected to the inlet end of the radiator 205.
[0089] As one implementation, the engine flow path 201 includes an engine water pump 2011, which serves as the power source for liquid circulation within the engine flow path 201.
[0090] In one implementation, the input end of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is connected to a seventh connecting valve 2021 and an eighth connecting valve 2022. The output end of the engine flow path 201, the output end of the pure electric circuit 1, and the output end of the heat storage tank 203 are connected to the input end of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 through the seventh connecting valve 2021. The output end of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is connected to the input end of the pure electric circuit 1, the input end of the heat storage tank 203, and the input end of the radiator 205 through the eighth connecting valve 2022.
[0091] The exhaust heat exchanger 202 is connected to one of the pure electric circuit 1, radiator 205 and heat storage tank 203 by the seventh connecting valve 2021 and the eighth connecting valve 2022.
[0092] Specifically, the seventh connecting valve 2021 is a four-way valve, which includes three input terminals and one output terminal. The output terminal of the engine flow path 201, the output terminal of the pure electric circuit 1, and the output terminal of the heat storage tank 203 are respectively connected to one of the input terminals of the seventh connecting valve 2021, and the output terminal of the seventh connecting valve 2021 is connected to the input terminal of the exhaust heat exchanger 202.
[0093] The eighth connecting valve 2022 is also a four-way valve, which includes one input end and three output ends. The output end of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is connected to the input end of the eighth connecting valve 2022. The input end of the pure electric circuit 1, the input end of the heat storage tank 203 and the input end of the radiator 205 are respectively connected to the three output ends of the eighth connecting valve 2022.
[0094] As one implementation, the heat recovery circuit 2 also includes a second expansion tank 207, which is connected between the radiator 205 and the engine flow path 201, and replenishes the heat recovery circuit 2 with liquid through the second expansion tank 207.
[0095] This thermal management system includes the following operating modes.
[0096] like Figure 2 As shown, this thermal management system operates in pure electric heating mode. The working steps of the thermal management system are as follows:
[0097] In this operating condition, when there is a heating demand, heating is provided solely by heater 102, the vehicle engine does not start, and the heat recovery circuit 2 is disconnected from the pure electric circuit 1. In this mode, heater 102 heats the liquid, increasing the liquid's thermal energy. Water pump 101 provides power for the circulation of the liquid within the pure electric circuit 1, which then supplies heat to the heating end 103.
[0098] Specifically, in a low-temperature environment (vehicle battery temperature below 5°C), the heater 102 heats the liquid. Under the action of the water pump 101, the liquid flows sequentially through the first connecting valve 105 and the second connecting valve 10313 before flowing into the battery heat exchanger 10311. The battery is heated by the battery heat exchanger 10311. After flowing out of the battery heat exchanger 10311, the liquid flows sequentially through the fourth connecting valve 106, the three-way connector 107, and the water pump 101 before flowing into the heater 102, so as to continuously heat the battery.
[0099] When the battery is heated to a suitable temperature (vehicle battery temperature greater than or equal to 5°C), the first connecting valve 105 opens the water passage to the heating component 1032. The liquid flows through the third connecting valve 10323 and then into the air conditioning heater 10321, which heats the passenger compartment. After the liquid flows out of the air conditioning heater 10321, it flows through the fourth connecting valve 106, the three-way connector 107 and the water pump 101 in sequence before flowing into the heater 102 to provide continuous heating for the passenger compartment.
[0100] It should be noted that when the air conditioner heater 10321 is providing heat, the battery heat exchanger 10311 can simultaneously provide heat to the battery or be in a closed state.
[0101] When the heating demand of the air conditioner is met, the first connecting valve 105 opens the water passage to the heat exchange component 1031, and at the same time, the second connecting valve 10313 opens the water passage to the water heater 10312, so that the heated liquid flows into the water heater 10312, and the water storage tank 104 supplies water to the water heater 10312. The water is heated in the water heater 10312 and used for domestic water use. After the liquid flows out of the water heater 10312, it flows through the fourth connecting valve 106, the three-way connector 107 and the water pump 101 in sequence before flowing into the heater 102, so as to provide continuous heating for the water heater 10312.
[0102] It should be noted that the liquid in the pure electric circuit 1 exchanges heat with the domestic water in the water heater 10312, thereby transferring the heat energy of the liquid in the pure electric circuit 1 to the domestic water. During the heat exchange process, the liquid in the pure electric circuit 1 and the domestic water do not come into contact.
[0103] It should be further noted that during the heating of domestic water, both the air conditioner heater 10321 and the battery heat exchanger 10311 can be in heating mode or off mode.
[0104] When the heating demand of the water heater 10312 is met, the third connecting valve 10323 opens the water passage toward the water radiator 10322, so that the heated liquid flows through the first connecting valve 105 and the third connecting valve 10323 in sequence and then into the water radiator 10322, providing heating to passengers through the water radiator 10322. After the liquid flows out of the water radiator 10322, it flows through the fourth connecting valve 106, the three-way connector 107 and the water pump 101 in sequence and then into the heater 102, so that the water radiator 10322 can provide heating to passengers.
[0105] It should be noted that during the heating process of the water radiator 10322, the water heater 10312, the air conditioner heater 10321, and the battery heat exchanger 10311 can all be in heating mode or off mode.
[0106] like Figure 3 As shown, this thermal management system is in hybrid heating mode, and the operating steps of the thermal management system are as follows:
[0107] like Figure 3 As shown, under this operating condition, when there is a heating demand, the heater 102 does not work, which can save the power consumption of the battery to the heater 102 and indirectly improve the vehicle's driving range.
[0108] When the engine starts, the high-temperature exhaust gas from the exhaust system flows through the exhaust heat exchanger 202, where the heat energy in the high-temperature exhaust gas is transferred to the liquid in the heat recovery circuit 2.
[0109] In this state, the liquid in the pure electric circuit 1 flows into the exhaust heat exchanger 202 through the fourth connecting valve 106 and the seventh connecting valve 2021 in sequence. After heat exchange in the exhaust heat exchanger 202, the liquid with increased temperature flows into the pure electric circuit 1 through the eighth connecting valve 2022 and the three-way connector 107 in sequence. Then, according to the heating sequence in the pure electric circuit 1, it provides heat energy to the water radiator 10322, water heater 10312, air conditioner heater 10321 and battery heat exchanger 10311.
[0110] When liquid flows out of the exhaust heat exchanger 202, the temperature of the outflowing liquid is monitored by the thermal sensor 204 to determine whether the liquid temperature meets the heating requirements.
[0111] When the liquid temperature meets the heating requirements, heating is provided according to the heating sequence in pure electric circuit 1.
[0112] When the liquid temperature does not meet the heating demand, the heater 102 in the pure electric circuit 1 operates to further increase the liquid temperature in the pure electric circuit 1, thereby meeting the heating demand.
[0113] When the liquid temperature is too high or exceeds the heating demand, it enters the no-heating-demand mode.
[0114] It should be noted that, under conditions where there is no demand for heating, there is no need to use the heat energy recovered through the exhaust heat exchanger 202 to heat the heating end 103.
[0115] like Figure 4 As shown, this thermal management system operates under conditions of no heating demand. The operating steps of the thermal management system are as follows:
[0116] When there is no heating demand, the vehicle is in hybrid mode, the heater 102 is not working, and the vehicle's engine is running.
[0117] In this state, the liquid temperature in the engine flow path 201 is monitored by the engine's built-in water temperature sensor.
[0118] When the engine coolant temperature is greater than 90°C, under the action of the engine water pump 2011, the liquid flowing out of the engine flow path 201 flows through the fifth connecting valve 2061, the cooling flow channel 206, the sixth connecting valve 2062, and the radiator 205 in sequence before flowing back into the engine flow path 201. The radiator 205 then cools the liquid in the engine flow path 201.
[0119] Meanwhile, the thermal sensor 204 monitors the temperature of the liquid flowing out of the exhaust heat exchanger 202 to determine whether the heat storage tank 203 needs to be heated and whether the exhaust heat exchanger 202 needs to be cooled.
[0120] When the liquid temperature output from the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is between 100°C and 140°C, the heat storage tank 203 is in a heat recovery state. The eighth connecting valve 2022 opens the water passage toward the heat storage tank 203, and the liquid in the exhaust heat exchanger 202 flows into the heat storage tank 203 after passing through the eighth connecting valve 2022. The heat is stored in the heat storage tank 203. The cooled liquid flowing out of the heat storage tank 203 flows back into the exhaust heat exchanger 202 through the seventh connecting valve 2021, so that the heat energy can be stored in the heat storage tank 203.
[0121] It should be noted that during the process of storing thermal energy in the thermal storage tank 203, the exhaust heat exchanger 202 can provide thermal energy to the pure electric circuit 1.
[0122] When the liquid temperature output by the exhaust heat exchanger 202 is greater than 140°C, the liquid in the exhaust heat exchanger 202 flows sequentially through the eighth connecting valve 2022 and the sixth connecting valve 2062 before flowing into the radiator 205. The radiator 205 lowers the liquid temperature, and the liquid then flows sequentially from the radiator 205 through the engine flow path 201, the fifth connecting valve 2061, and the seventh connecting valve 2021 before flowing back into the exhaust heat exchanger 202, in order to reduce the temperature of the exhaust heat exchanger 202.
[0123] like Figure 5 As shown, this thermal management system operates in pure electric energy-saving heating mode. The working steps of the thermal management system are as follows:
[0124] Under this condition, heater 102 does not work, engine does not work, and heat storage tank 203 is in a heat release state.
[0125] Under this operating condition, when there is a heating demand, the liquid in the pure electric circuit 1 is transported to the heat storage tank 203 through the fourth connecting valve 106 and the seventh connecting valve 2021. The phase change material in the heat storage tank 203 solidifies and releases heat, transferring the heat energy in the phase change material to the liquid input into the heat storage tank 203. The liquid in the heat storage tank 203 flows sequentially into the eighth connecting valve 2022 and the three-way connector 107 to heat the heating end 103 in the pure electric circuit 1.
[0126] It should be noted that, under this operating condition, the heating sequence of heating terminal 103 is consistent with the heating sequence in the pure electric heating state.
[0127] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.
[0128] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, include: A pure electric circuit (1) includes a water pump (101), a heater (102) and a heating end (103). The heater (102) is connected to the heating end (103) through the water pump (101), and the water pump (101) delivers the heat energy generated in the heater (102) to the heating end (103). A heat recovery circuit (2) includes an exhaust heat exchanger (202) and a heat storage device (203). The exhaust heat exchanger (202) is connected to the pure electric circuit (1) to transfer the heat energy of the exhaust system to the pure electric circuit (1) through the exhaust heat exchanger (202). The heat storage device (203) is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger (202) to store the heat energy in the exhaust heat exchanger (202) into the heat storage device (203). The thermal management system includes a pure electric heating state, a hybrid heating state, and a thermal storage state. When the thermal management system is in the pure electric heating state, the heat recovery circuit (2) is disconnected from the pure electric circuit (1), the heater (102) works, and the heat energy generated in the heater (102) is transported to the heating end (103) through the water pump (101). When the thermal management system is in the hybrid heating state, the exhaust heat exchanger (202) of the heat recovery circuit (2) is connected to the pure electric circuit (1). The heat energy of the exhaust system is transported to the pure electric circuit (1) through the exhaust heat exchanger (202), and then the heat energy is transported to the heating end (103) through the water pump (101). When the thermal management system is in the heat storage state, the heat storage device (203) is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger (202) and stores the thermal energy of the exhaust heat exchanger (202) through the heat storage device (203).
2. A thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage device (203) is connected in parallel with the exhaust heat exchanger (202), and the heat storage device (203) includes a heat recovery state and a heat release state; When the heat storage device (203) is in the heat recovery state, the heat storage device (203) is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger (202) and stores the heat energy of the exhaust heat exchanger (202) through the heat storage device (203); When the heat storage device (203) is in a heat release state, the heat storage device (203) is connected to the pure electric circuit (1) to transfer the heat energy in the heat storage device (203) to the pure electric circuit (1).
3. A thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat recovery circuit (2) includes a thermal sensor (204), which is connected to the output end of the exhaust heat exchanger (202).
4. A thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat recovery loop (2) also includes a radiator (205), which is connected to the output end of the exhaust heat exchanger (202). The radiator (205) includes a first heat dissipation state and a stop state. When the radiator (205) is in the first heat dissipation state, the exhaust heat exchanger (202) is connected to the radiator (205); When the radiator (205) is in a stopped state, the exhaust heat exchanger (202) is disconnected from the radiator (205).
5. A thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat recovery circuit (2) also includes an engine flow path (201), the output end of which is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger (202), and the input end of which is connected to the radiator (205). When the radiator (205) is in the first heat dissipation state, the engine flow path (201) and the exhaust heat exchanger (202) are connected to the radiator (205).
6. A thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat recovery circuit (2) further includes a heat dissipation channel (206), the two ends of which are connected to the output end of the engine flow path (201) and the input end of the radiator (205) respectively, so that the radiator (205) also includes a second heat dissipation state; When the radiator (205) is in the second heat dissipation state, the exhaust heat exchanger (202) is disconnected from the radiator (205), and the heat dissipation channel (206) is connected to the engine flow path (201).
7. A thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating end (103) includes a heat exchange component (1031) and a heating component (1032) connected in parallel. The heat exchange component (1031) and the heating component (1032) are respectively connected to the output end of the heater (102) so that the heat energy generated in the heater (102) can be transported to the heat exchange component (1031) and the heating component (1032). The heat exchange assembly (1031) includes a battery heat exchanger (10311) and a water heater (10312), wherein the battery heat exchanger (10311) and the water heater (10312) are connected in parallel. The heating assembly (1032) includes an air conditioner heater (10321) and a water radiator (10322), wherein the air conditioner heater (10321) and the water radiator (10322) are connected in parallel.
8. A thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the pure electric circuit (1) is started, the heater (102) sequentially heats the battery heat exchanger (10311), the air conditioner heater (10321), the water heater (10322) and the water heater (10312).
9. A thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heating end (103) also includes a water storage tank (104), which is connected to the water heater (10312) and supplies water to the water heater (10312) through the water storage tank (104).
10. A thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes a first expansion tank (3), which is connected to the pure electric circuit (1).