All-steel lining air cushion type surge chamber structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to an all-steel lining air cushion type surge chamber structure. The method is suitable for the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. According to the technical scheme, the all-steel-lining air cushion type surge chamber structure comprises a concrete lining structure and an air cushion structure, the surge chamber main body structure is arranged in the concrete lining structure, a hollow cavity capable of containing the water cushion layer is formed in the surge chamber main body structure, a water inlet communicated with the cavity is formed in the middle bottom of the surge chamber main body structure, and the two sides of the bottom of the surge chamber main body structure are arranged in a slope shape; water in the chamber can naturally flow out through the water inlet along the bottom slope; the supporting structure is arranged between the concrete lining structure and the surge chamber main body structure and used for providing external supporting protection for a cavity formed by the surge chamber main body structure; one end of the connecting pipe penetrates through the supporting structure at the bottom of the surge chamber main body structure and is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the side wall of the diversion tunnel and used for introducing water in the diversion tunnel into the hollow cavity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to water conservancy and hydropower engineering technical field especially a full -steel lining air cushion type surge chamber structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower engineering, air cushion type surge chamber plays a vital role for adjusting water pressure and ensuring stable operation of the system. However, the traditional air cushion type surge chamber has many deficiencies in structural design, for example: the bottom of the surge chamber is mostly designed with a flat bottom, which leads to poor drainage performance due to easy water accumulation; most of the connecting pipes are arranged in a whole inclined section, directly connected to the side wall or bottom of the surge chamber, which is not conducive to stress uniformity and construction convenience, causing excessive pressure in local areas when water flows into the surge chamber; the top of some surge chambers is a flat structure, which cannot disperse the top pressure, leading to stress concentration at the top end of the surge chamber and the risk of structural damage; some surge chambers lack effective protection measures against external pressure, ignoring the influence of external environment factors such as groundwater and soil pressure on the surge chamber, making it difficult to ensure the stability of the surge chamber under complex working conditions. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a full-steel lining air cushion type surge chamber structure to solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a full-steel lining air cushion type surge chamber structure, comprising:

[0005] a concrete lining structure;

[0006] a surge chamber main structure, located inside the concrete lining structure, with a hollow chamber inside that can accommodate a water cushion layer, a water inlet connected to the chamber is provided at the middle bottom of the surge chamber main structure, and the bottom of the surge chamber main structure is arranged in a slope shape on both sides, so that the water in the chamber can flow out naturally along the bottom slope through the water inlet;

[0007] a support structure, located between the concrete lining structure and the surge chamber main structure, for providing external support and protection to the chamber formed by the surge chamber main structure;

[0008] a connecting pipe, one end of which is connected to the water inlet through the support structure at the bottom of the surge chamber main structure, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the water diversion tunnel, for introducing water in the water diversion tunnel into the hollow chamber.

[0009] By the above technical means, the bottom of the pressure regulating chamber main structure is arranged in a slope shape on both sides, and the slope structure enables the water in the chamber to flow out naturally along the bottom slope, thereby effectively improving the drainage performance of the pressure regulating chamber. The use of gravity enables the water to flow automatically to the water inlet and be discharged, reducing the possibility of water accumulation and improving the self-draining capacity of the system. The support structure is arranged between the pressure regulating chamber main structure and the concrete lining structure, and the support structure provides support force to the chamber of the pressure regulating chamber main structure, thereby enhancing the compression resistance of the overall structure of the pressure regulating chamber and better resisting external pressure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating chamber main structure comprises a steel lining structure and a sealing structure, the steel lining structure is arranged inside the support structure, the cross section of the steel lining structure is in a circular structure, the bottom of the steel lining structure is provided with the water inlet, both ends of the steel lining structure are provided with openings, both ends of the steel lining structure are provided with sealing structures capable of sealing the openings, and both sides of the steel lining structure are symmetrical about the axis of the water inlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, the steel lining structure comprises a cylindrical segment and a tapered transition segment, the cylindrical segment is connected with the tapered transition segment at both ends respectively, the inner bottom of the cylindrical segment is provided with the water inlet, the inner top of the tapered transition segment is flush with the top of the cylindrical segment, the inner bottom of the tapered transition segment is provided with a longitudinal slope inclined to the water inlet, and the port of the tapered transition segment away from the cylindrical segment is connected with the sealing structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sealing structure comprises an ellipsoidal plug, the ellipsoidal plug is arranged at the opening of the end of the steel lining structure, and the ellipsoidal plug is made of high-strength steel plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the connecting pipe comprises a vertical pipe segment and an inclined pipe segment, the vertical pipe segment is arranged vertically below the steel lining structure, one end of the vertical pipe segment is connected to the water inlet, the other end of the vertical pipe segment is connected with the inclined pipe segment, and the end of the inclined pipe segment away from the vertical pipe segment is communicated to the side wall of the water diversion tunnel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inclined pipe segment is fixedly installed by a support or a hanger, so that the water in the inclined pipe segment can be drained along the preset slope.

[0015] In some embodiments, the connection between the vertical pipe segment and the steel lining structure increases the density of the arrangement of steel bars or adopts a locally thickened concrete structure.

[0016] In some embodiments, the support structure comprises an angle steel ring pipe network, and the angle steel ring pipe network is arranged in a network structure outside the pressure regulating chamber main structure by using angle steel.

[0017] In some embodiments, the connection of the angle steel is fixed by binding with a hemp rope.

[0018] In some embodiments, the end of the angle steel annular pipe network is provided with a galvanized round steel pipe, and a check valve is installed on the galvanized round steel pipe, and the check valve is used to prevent external water bodies from flowing into the chamber due to pressure difference.

[0019] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is:

[0020] 1. By the bottom two sides of pressure regulating chamber main body structure are arranged in the shape of slope, this kind of structure can ensure that the water in the chamber can follow the bottom slope and flow out naturally, thereby effectively improving the drainage performance. In the case of smaller transverse section, due to the existence of the bottom longitudinal slope, the water body is automatically flowed to the water inlet and discharged by using the gravity effect, the possibility of water accumulation is reduced, the self-draining capacity of the system is improved, and the safety water depth is increased, the cavity volume in the pressure regulating chamber is fully utilized, and the regulation and buffering capacity for water flow fluctuation is improved.

[0021] 2. By adopting the full steel lining with circular section as the main body structure of the pressure regulating chamber, the steel lining has high strength and corrosion resistance, and the external pressure resistance of the overall structure is enhanced. The steel lining is provided with tapered buffer zones on both sides, which can adjust the water flow form and stress distribution at the end. Elliptical plugs are arranged at both ends of the steel lining, and the stress concentration problem is solved by using the mechanical properties of the elliptical body, so that the load is uniformly dispersed and transmitted, and the overall stress at the end is more uniform and reasonable, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire main body structure of the pressure regulating chamber.

[0022] 3. By segmenting the connecting pipe, the water inlet of the pressure regulating chamber main body structure is connected to the side wall of the diversion tunnel through the vertical pipe section and the inclined pipe section in turn. This arrangement improves the stress conditions of the connecting pipe and the main body structure of the pressure regulating chamber. Not only does it consider the uniformity of stress, but also it uniformly disperses the water flow impact and structural stress, reduces the risk of local stress concentration, and helps the water flow smoothly into the chamber of the main body structure of the pressure regulating chamber, reducing water flow resistance and energy loss. At the same time, the connection between the connecting pipe and the main body structure of the pressure regulating chamber adopts a concrete structure with increased steel reinforcement arrangement density or local thickening, which helps to disperse stress, improve the compressive strength of the connection part, and reduce the risk of cracks or damage caused by pressure concentration.

[0023] 4. By arranging an angle steel annular pipe network between the concrete lining structure and the main body structure of the pressure regulating chamber, a network support system is formed by the angle steel annular pipe network to provide external support for the chamber formed by the main body of the pressure regulating chamber. Not only can it effectively disperse the pressure on the top and reduce the risk of structural damage caused by excessive concentration of stress at the top, but also can adapt to the deformation caused by temperature changes and other factors to some extent, and the combination of the steel lining structure, the angle steel annular pipe network and the concrete lining enhances the ability to resist external pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Fig. 1This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of this application.

[0025] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Concrete lining structure; 2. Connecting pipe; 3. Chamber; 4. Support structure; 5. Check valve; 6. Sealing structure; 7. Cylindrical section; 8. Conical transition section; 9. Vertical pipe section; 10. Inclined pipe section; 11. Steel lining structure.

[0028] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "implementation". The use of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure.

[0029] The term "comprising" is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, it does not exclude additional structures or steps. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0031] Combination Figs. 1-2 This embodiment describes an all-steel lined air-cushion type surge tank structure, comprising a concrete lining structure 1, a surge tank main structure, a support structure 4, and a connecting pipe 2. The concrete lining structure 1 contains the support structure 4 and the surge tank main structure sequentially. The surge tank main structure has a hollow cavity 3 capable of accommodating a water cushion layer. An inlet connecting to the cavity 3 is located at the bottom of the surge tank main structure. The bottom sides of the surge tank main structure are sloped, allowing water inside the cavity 3 to flow naturally out through the inlet along the bottom slope. The support structure 4 outside the surge tank main structure provides external support and protection for the cavity 3. A connecting pipe 2 is located below the surge tank main structure. One end of the connecting pipe 2 passes through the support structure 4 at the bottom of the surge tank main structure and connects to the inlet. The other end of the connecting pipe 2 connects to the side wall of the water diversion tunnel. The connecting pipe 2 is used to introduce water from the water diversion tunnel into the hollow cavity 3.

[0032] In some implementations, the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber includes a steel lining structure 11 and a sealing structure 6. The steel lining structure 11 is located inside the support structure 4. The cross-section of the steel lining structure 11 is circular. The bottom of the steel lining structure 11 is provided with a water inlet. Both ends of the steel lining structure 11 are provided with openings. Both ends of the steel lining structure 11 are provided with sealing structures 6 that can seal the openings. The two sides of the steel lining structure 11 are symmetrical about the axis of the water inlet. The steel lining structure 11 and the sealing structure 6 cooperate to form a hollow cavity 3 inside.

[0033] Furthermore, the steel lining structure 11 includes a cylindrical section 7 and a tapered transition section 8. The central area is constructed with the cylindrical section 7, and the tapered transition section 8 is connected to both ends of the cylindrical section 7. The bottom of the cylindrical section 7 is provided with a water inlet. The top of the tapered transition section 8 is flush with the top of the cylindrical section 7. The bottom of the tapered transition section 8 is provided with a longitudinal slope that slopes slightly towards the water inlet. The port of the tapered transition section 8 away from the cylindrical section 7 is connected with a sealing structure 6.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the diameter of the cylindrical section 7 is determined comprehensively based on the overall design flow rate, pressure regulation requirements, and engineering geological conditions of the surge tank, ensuring that its structural strength meets operational requirements. During construction, for the inner bottom longitudinal slope of the concrete lining structure 1, a customized conical template is used, along with a concrete pouring process that gradually reduces the diameter, to achieve the forming of the concrete structure corresponding to the conical transition section 8. During the pouring process, the concrete mix ratio and vibration quality are strictly controlled to ensure the structural strength and surface smoothness of the longitudinal slope. This allows the water inside the conical transition section 8 to drain smoothly under gravity during operation, maintaining a sufficient safe water depth in a relatively small transverse cross-section, thus fully utilizing the volume regulation function of the surge tank.

[0035] Furthermore, the sealing structure 6 includes an elliptical end cap, which is located at the opening of the tapered transition section 8 away from the cylindrical section 7. The elliptical end cap is made of high-quality metal material; in this embodiment, it is made of high-strength steel plate, which can effectively improve the stress conditions at the end. During installation, the elliptical end cap is fixed to the end of the tapered transition section 8 using welding or bolt connections, ensuring a tight and seamless connection between the elliptical end cap and the tapered transition section 8. The connection area is also sealed to prevent leakage. Specifically, the design dimensions of the elliptical end cap are determined based on the specific structural dimensions and stress requirements of the overall end of the pressure regulating chamber.

[0036] By installing an elliptical end cap at the end of the tapered transition section 8, the steel lining structure 11 is sealed. The elliptical end cap, made of high-strength steel plate, ensures a tight seal at the end opening, preventing water leakage and guaranteeing the stability and safety of the internal environment of the cavity. Utilizing the structural characteristics of the elliptical end cap, water pressure is evenly distributed, effectively improving the stress conditions at the end, reducing local stress concentration, lowering the risk of structural damage caused by water flow impact or vortex generation, and enhancing the structural stability of the pressure regulating chamber end.

[0037] In some embodiments, the connecting pipe 2 includes a vertical pipe section 9 and an inclined pipe section 10. The vertical pipe section 9 is arranged vertically below the steel lining structure 11. One end of the vertical pipe section 9 is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the vertical pipe section 9 is connected to the inclined pipe section 10. The end of the inclined pipe section 10 away from the vertical pipe section 9 is connected to the side wall of the water diversion tunnel.

[0038] Furthermore, according to the design slope requirements, the inclined pipe section 10 is fixedly installed using supports or hangers, allowing the water within the inclined pipe section 10 to flow along the preset slope, ensuring that the slope of the connecting pipe 2 remains stable during construction and subsequent operation. This facilitates pipe installation and connection operations during construction, while also ensuring normal water flow within the connecting pipe 2, reducing water flow resistance and energy loss.

[0039] Furthermore, the reinforcement density is increased or a locally thickened concrete structure is used at the connection between the vertical pipe section 9 and the steel lining structure 11.

[0040] When water flows through the connecting pipe 2 into or out of the pressure regulating chamber 3, it may generate significant dynamic pressure. The connection point between the vertical pipe section 9 and the steel lining structure 11 is often one of the locations bearing the greatest pressure. Increasing the steel reinforcement density or locally thickening the concrete structure can effectively disperse the stress caused by these dynamic pressures, preventing structural damage due to localized stress concentration. Under high pressure, concrete structures are prone to cracking, especially at stress concentration points. Increasing the steel reinforcement density or locally thickening the concrete layer can effectively prevent the formation and development of cracks, extending the service life of the structure.

[0041] In some implementation schemes, the supporting structure 4 includes an angle steel ring network. This ring network is formed by interlacing angle steel bars on the outside of the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber, creating a mesh structure. This connection method ensures the overall structural strength of the network and can adapt to deformation caused by factors such as temperature changes to a certain extent. Specifically, in this embodiment, the layout scheme of the angle steel ring network is first designed based on the shape and size of the steel lining structure 11, determining the specifications, spacing, and welding positions of the angle steel bars. During installation, a skip welding process is adopted, i.e., intermittent welding is performed at certain intervals. This ensures the connection strength between the angle steel ring network and the steel lining structure 11 while reducing deformation caused by thermal stress concentration during welding. Simultaneously, during welding, hemp rope is used to appropriately bind and fix the welded parts to further control welding deformation and ensure the overall flatness and structural accuracy of the angle steel ring network.

[0042] Angle steel, a common building material, possesses high strength and rigidity. By rationally installing angle steel on the outside of the steel lining structure 11, the overall structural strength and stability of the surge tank can be enhanced. This not only increases the bonding force between the steel lining structure 11 and the concrete lining structure 1, but also effectively disperses external pressures such as soil pressure and groundwater pressure, reducing the risk of damage to the surge tank. The angle steel ring network can also help maintain the shape stability of the surge tank, which is especially important during construction or under extreme conditions.

[0043] Furthermore, galvanized round steel pipes are installed at the ends of the angle steel ring network. A check valve 5 is installed at a certain distance from the pressure regulating chamber on the galvanized round steel pipe. This distance is determined according to the engineering design. The check valve 5 is used to prevent external water from flowing back into the chamber 3 due to pressure difference. Specifically, the diameter of the galvanized round steel pipe is determined according to the drainage flow requirements and the structural dimensions of the pressure regulating chamber. The selection of the check valve 5 is determined based on parameters such as working pressure and water flow direction. During the installation of the galvanized round steel pipe, welding or flange connections are used to ensure a firm and reliable connection between the galvanized round steel pipe and the angle steel ring network. During the installation of the check valve 5, it is necessary to ensure that the installation direction of the check valve 5 is correct, its sealing performance is good, and the check valve 5 is regularly inspected and maintained to ensure its normal operation.

[0044] Due to groundwater seepage and other reasons, external water may be generated inside the angle steel ring pipe network. The external water check valve 5 allows fluid to flow in one direction and prevents reverse flow. Therefore, by installing the check valve 5 on the galvanized round steel pipe, it is ensured that the water flow can only flow in one direction, preventing water from flowing back into the pressure regulating chamber due to the external pressure being greater than the internal pressure. This prevents the occurrence of external pressure instability and ensures the safe operation of the pressure regulating chamber.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A structure for an all-steel lined air-cushion type pressure regulating chamber, characterized in that, include: Concrete lining structure (1); The main structure of the pressure regulating chamber is located inside the concrete lining structure (1). It has a hollow cavity (3) that can accommodate the water cushion layer. The bottom of the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber has an inlet that connects to the cavity (3). The bottom sides of the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber are sloped, so that the water inside the cavity (3) can flow out naturally through the inlet along the bottom slope. The supporting structure (4) is located between the concrete lining structure (1) and the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber, and is used to provide external support and protection for the cavity (3) formed by the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber; The connecting pipe (2) has one end connected to the support structure (4) at the bottom of the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber and to the water inlet, and the other end connected to the side wall of the water diversion tunnel. It is used to introduce the water in the water diversion tunnel into the hollow cavity (3).

2. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure of the pressure regulating chamber includes a steel lining structure (11) and a sealing structure (6). The steel lining structure (11) is located inside the support structure (4). The cross-section of the steel lining structure (11) is circular. The bottom of the steel lining structure (11) is provided with the water inlet. The two ends of the steel lining structure (11) are provided with openings. The two ends of the steel lining structure (11) are provided with sealing structures (6) that can seal the openings. The two sides of the steel lining structure (11) are symmetrical about the axis of the water inlet.

3. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel lining structure (11) includes a cylindrical section (7) and a tapered transition section (8). The two ends of the cylindrical section (7) are respectively connected to the tapered transition section (8). The bottom of the cylindrical section (7) is provided with the water inlet. The top of the tapered transition section (8) is flush with the top of the cylindrical section (7). The bottom of the tapered transition section (8) is provided with a longitudinal slope that slopes towards the water inlet. The port of the tapered transition section (8) away from the cylindrical section (7) is connected to the sealing structure (6).

4. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing structure (6) includes an elliptical end cap, which is located at the opening at the end of the steel lining structure (11). The elliptical end cap is made of high-strength steel plate.

5. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (2) includes a vertical pipe section (9) and an inclined pipe section (10). The vertical pipe section (9) is arranged vertically below the steel lining structure (11). One end of the vertical pipe section (9) is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the vertical pipe section (9) is connected to the inclined pipe section (10). The end of the inclined pipe section (10) away from the vertical pipe section (9) is connected to the side wall of the water diversion tunnel.

6. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inclined pipe section (10) is fixedly installed by a bracket or hanger so that the water in the inclined pipe section (10) can be diverted along a preset slope.

7. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connection between the vertical pipe section (9) and the steel lining structure (11) should have increased reinforcement density or a locally thickened concrete structure.

8. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting structure (4) includes an angle steel ring network, which is formed by connecting angle steels to the outside of the main structure of the pressure regulating chamber to form a mesh structure.

9. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle steel joints are secured with hemp rope.

10. The all-steel lined air cushion type pressure regulating chamber structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the angle steel ring network is provided with a galvanized round steel pipe, and a check valve (5) is installed on the galvanized round steel pipe. The check valve (5) is used to prevent external water from flowing back into the cavity (3) due to pressure difference.

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