Tunnel monitoring target

Abstract

The tunnel monitoring target mainly solves the technical problems that an existing monitoring target is prone to collide with tunnel construction equipment or vehicles to be damaged and is prone to being polluted by the dirty environment in a tunnel. The device comprises an internal threaded pipe which is pre-embedded in a tunnel wall, an external threaded rod which is in threaded connection with the internal threaded pipe, a lining plate which is correspondingly arranged at the end of the external threaded rod and is provided with a reflective observation sheet on the surface, and a hinge seat which is correspondingly arranged outside the external threaded rod in a penetrating manner, is fixed relative to the lining plate and is vertically arranged, and the protective ball covers are correspondingly hinged with the two ends of the hinge seat and are used for covering the lining plates. The tunnel monitoring target has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, dust prevention, collision prevention and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring equipment, in particular to a tunnel monitoring target. BACKGROUND

[0002] The setting of tunnel monitoring points is an important technical means to ensure the safety of tunnel structure and the stability of operation, which obtains dynamic data of tunnel structure and surrounding environment in real time through scientific layout of monitoring equipment. The core of tunnel structure safety lies in accurately capturing the dynamic changes of vault settlement and clearance convergence, so it is necessary to layout vault settlement monitoring points and clearance convergence monitoring points as double parameters of tunnel deformation monitoring, which reflect the mechanical response in vertical and horizontal directions respectively. Among them, the vault settlement monitoring point directly measures the vertical displacement of the tunnel vault to evaluate the surrounding rock pressure, the bearing capacity of the supporting structure and the stability of the stratum, in addition, the clearance convergence monitoring point measures the change of horizontal distance between two monitoring points on the tunnel section to evaluate the convergence rate of surrounding rock and the constraint effect of supporting structure.

[0003] The existing monitoring points generally use a centering base provided with a prism as a monitoring target, which is installed on the corresponding position of the tunnel initial support surface to realize auxiliary measurement. However, the present inventors found in the process of implementing the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application that the above-mentioned conventional monitoring target is relatively fragile when in use due to the relatively narrow space in the tunnel, and the construction equipment and vehicles entering and exiting the tunnel will collide with the monitoring target, which leads to the fact that the monitoring target subjected to collision is easily damaged, and the construction environment in the tunnel is relatively harsh, which easily leads to the pollution of the monitoring point, affecting the visibility during observation, and further affecting the monitoring of tunnel deformation.

[0004] The information disclosed in this Background section is only for the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the background of the present disclosure and should not be treated as admitting that the information forms prior art that is already known to those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a tunnel monitoring target, which mainly solves the technical problems that the existing monitoring target is easily damaged by collision with tunnel construction equipment or vehicles and is easily polluted by the dirty environment in the tunnel.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a tunnel monitoring target is provided, which comprises an internally threaded pipe for pre-embedding in a tunnel wall, an externally threaded rod for threaded connection with the internally threaded pipe, a backing plate provided at the end of the externally threaded rod and having a reflective observation sheet on the surface, a hinged seat fixed to the externally threaded rod and arranged perpendicularly opposite to the backing plate, a protective ball cover hingedly connected to both ends of the hinged seat and used to cover the backing plate; the protective ball cover comprises a driving cover and a driven cover, both in the shape of a quarter of a spherical shell, the outer edge diameter of the driving cover is smaller than the inner edge diameter of the driven cover, and the outer edge surface of the driving cover is provided with an outer convex bead on the corresponding side, and the inner edge surface of the driven cover is provided with an inner convex bead on both sides.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the tunnel monitoring target further comprises at least one driving motor fixed opposite to the hinged seat and used to drive the rotation of the driving cover.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the driving cover and the driven cover are respectively provided with a hinged plate for hinged connection with the hinged seat through a hinged shaft, the cross section of the hinged shaft is polygonal, the hinged plate of the driving cover is provided with a hinged hole matching the cross section profile of the hinged shaft, and the hinged plate of the driven cover is provided with a circular hinged hole with a diameter not less than the maximum outer edge diameter of the hinged shaft.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the tunnel monitoring target further comprises a dry battery pack electrically connected with the driving motor, an infrared receiving module for controlling the on-off of the circuit between the dry battery pack and the driving motor, and an infrared transmitting module for remotely controlling the action of the driving motor.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the outer edge surface of the driven cover is provided with a light emitting module, the hinged seat is provided with two contact points at the contact position when the driving cover is closed, the corresponding end surface of the driving cover is provided with an electrode sheet for contacting and conducting the two contact points, and the light emitting module, the dry battery pack and the contact points are electrically connected in series.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the backing plate is fixedly welded with the externally threaded rod.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the backing plate is fixedly provided at the back with a telescopic motor for controlling the length of the externally threaded rod screwed into the internally threaded pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the output shaft of the telescopic motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the externally threaded rod, the outer edge of the end of the internally threaded pipe is provided with a guide rod in the axial direction, and the hinged seat is provided with a guide hole matching the diameter of the guide rod at the corresponding position.

[0014] The one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: the cooperation of the inner threaded pipe and the outer threaded rod can achieve convenient setting of the tunnel monitoring target, the protective ball cover is used to achieve the protection effect on the internal reflective observation sheet, external pollution is avoided, and a certain degree of external force impact can be borne; in addition, the wireless remote control driving motor can remotely control the opening and closing of the protective ball cover, which can greatly facilitate the opening and closing operation of the protective ball cover. In addition, the setting of the light-emitting module makes the monitoring target easy to find and can play a warning and anti-collision effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel monitoring target in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is another structural schematic diagram of a tunnel monitoring target in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a tunnel monitoring target in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving cover in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a driven cover in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] In the above figures, 1 is an inner threaded pipe, 2 is an outer threaded rod, 3 is a lining plate, 4 is a reflective observation sheet, 5 is a hinged seat, 6 is a protective ball cover, 61 is a driving cover, 62 is a driven cover, 63 is a hinged plate, and 7 is a driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0022] In the following embodiments, devices and the like are all conventional commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0023] In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings of the specification and specific implementation manners.

[0024] To address the problems of existing tunnel monitoring targets being prone to collisions with equipment and vehicles entering and exiting tunnels, and being susceptible to contamination due to the harsh construction environment inside tunnels, thus affecting normal monitoring, this example discloses a new type of tunnel monitoring target. (See attached image) Figure 1 The system includes an internally threaded pipe 1 and an externally threaded rod 2 threadedly connected to the internally threaded pipe 1. The internally threaded pipe 1 is pre-embedded at the monitoring point before the tunnel monitoring target is installed. Therefore, during the installation of the tunnel monitoring target, only the externally threaded rod 2 of the tunnel monitoring target needs to be screwed into the internally threaded pipe 1. By controlling the depth to which the externally threaded rod 2 is screwed into the internally threaded pipe 1, the position of the monitoring target relative to multiple points on the tunnel wall can be adjusted. Furthermore, after the tunnel construction is completed, the main structure of the tunnel monitoring target can be directly unscrewed from the internally threaded pipe for reuse. In this embodiment, considering that the tunnel monitoring target protruding from the tunnel wall would increase the risk of collision with equipment and vehicles inside the tunnel, a groove of a certain depth is first opened at the marked monitoring point when pre-embedding the internally threaded pipe 1. Then, a hole is drilled at the bottom of the groove to pre-embed the internally threaded pipe 1. This ensures that the tunnel monitoring target is completely within the cavity of the groove, thereby avoiding damage to the tunnel monitoring target due to collisions with other moving equipment or vehicles.

[0025] See Figure 2 One end of the externally threaded rod 2 is used to screw into the internally threaded pipe 1, and the other end of the externally threaded rod 2 is fitted with a liner 3. In this example, the externally threaded rod 2 is welded and fixed to the back of the liner 3 along the centerline. A reflective observation sheet 4 is attached to the surface of the liner 3, which serves as the observation object for observation equipment (such as a total station) during tunnel deformation monitoring.

[0026] To protect the tunnel monitoring targets from damage caused by minor impacts or contamination / obstruction due to the harsh surrounding construction environment, which could affect normal observation, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 In this example, a hinge seat 5 is inserted through the external threaded rod 2, and a protective ball cap 6 is hinged to the hinge seat 5. In this embodiment, the hinge seat 5 has a disc-shaped structure, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the protective ball cap 6. Furthermore, in this example, after the hinge seat 5 is inserted through the external threaded rod 2 and comes into contact with the liner plate, the liner plate 3 and the hinge seat 5 are perpendicular to each other, and then the hinge seat 5 is welded and fixed to the external threaded rod or the liner plate. In some other embodiments, for ease of flexible assembly and maintenance, a tightening nut is threadedly connected to the external threaded rod 2, used to push the hinge seat 5 against one side, so that the other side of the hinge seat 5 is in close contact with the edge of the liner plate 3.

[0027] The protective cover 6 is used to cover the liner and reflective observation sheet during non-observation periods, thereby isolating them from external contaminants such as splashed concrete slurry. It can also withstand a certain degree of external impact, thus protecting the reflective observation sheet. For details, see [link to details]. Figure 1 as well asFigures 3-5 The protective cover 6 includes an active cover 61 and a passive cover 62. In this example, both the active cover 61 and the passive cover 62 are quarter-spherical shells. Thus, after the active cover and the passive cover are joined end to end, they can form a hemispherical protective cover, which together with the hinge seat 5 can relatively close the liner and the reflective observation plate, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting them.

[0028] To improve the applicability of the tunnel monitoring target and the ease of opening and closing the protective cover, in this embodiment, the outer diameter of the active cover 61 is smaller than the inner diameter of the driven cover 62. Additionally, see... Figure 4 An outwardly protruding rib 611 is provided at the end of the outer edge surface on one side of the active cover 61. In this embodiment, the outwardly protruding rib 611 is provided along the entire edge line of the corresponding side of the active cover 61. In some other embodiments, the outwardly protruding rib is only provided for a short length along the corresponding edge line of the active cover. Also, see... Figure 5 The driven cover 62 has inner protrusions 621 on both ends of its inner edge surface. Thus, after the driving cover 61 and the driven cover 62 are coaxially hinged to the hinge seat, the outer protrusion 611 of the driving cover 61 is confined between the two inner protrusions 621 of the driven cover 62. Therefore, by utilizing the positional interference between the outer and inner protrusions 611, the driving cover 61 drives the driven cover 62 to rotate. Specifically, for the closed state of the protective ball cover 6, see [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, for ease of description, the term "referred to as" in this example is used... Figure 1 From the perspective of the driven cover 62, the inner protrusion 621 on the left side is the left inner protrusion, and the inner protrusion 62 on the right side is the right inner protrusion. When the protective ball cover needs to be opened, the driving cover 61 is driven to rotate gradually. At this time, the driven cover is relatively stationary until the outer protrusion of the driving cover 61 abuts against the left inner protrusion of the driven cover 62. Then, the driving cover drives the driven cover to move further, and can move to the maximum extent until the driven cover abuts against the external threaded rod. At this time, the protective ball cover is fully opened. When the protective ball cover needs to be closed, the driving cover 61 is driven to rotate gradually. At this time, the driven cover is relatively stationary until the outer protrusion of the driving cover 61 abuts against the right inner protrusion of the driven cover 62. Then, the driving cover drives the driven cover to move further, and the protective ball cover closes accordingly.

[0029] See also: Figure 4 and Figure 5 The active cover 61 and the driven cover 62 are respectively provided with hinge plates 63 on both sides, see [reference]. Figure 2 The hinge base 5 is also provided with a hinge plate 63, and each hinge plate 63 is provided with a hinge hole. Thus, by making the hinge holes coaxial, the active cover and the driven cover can rotate relative to the hinge base 5.

[0030] In this embodiment, considering that manually opening the protective ball cover is quite laborious, to further improve the operational convenience of the tunnel monitoring target, see [reference needed]. Figure 2In the example, a driving motor 7 is arranged to drive the rotation of the active cover. In the example, the driving motor is fixed to the corresponding position on the bottom surface of the hinge seat, and the rotating shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the hinge shaft. In order to drive only the active cover 61, the cross section of the hinge shaft between the hinge seat and the protective ball cover is polygonal, and the hinge hole profile on the two sides of the hinge plate of the active cover 61 matches the outer edge profile of the polygonal hinge shaft. In addition, the hinge hole on the two sides of the hinge plate of the driven cover 62 is circular and has a diameter greater than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the hinge shaft, so that the hinge shaft can drive the active cover 61 to rotate when rotating, and does not directly drive the driven cover 62 to rotate. In the embodiment, the output shaft of the driving motor is directly used as the hinge shaft, and the cross section of the output shaft is hexagonal. In addition, two driving motors 7 are arranged in the example, and are in transmission connection with the hinge shafts on the two sides, respectively. In other embodiments, only a single driving motor 7 is used for driving on one side.

[0031] Therefore, in the embodiment, by controlling the start and stop of the driving motor 7, the active cover 61 can be rotated as needed, and the opening and closing of the protective ball cover can be realized. Further, in the example, a dry battery pack is fixedly arranged at the hinge seat, and is in electrical connection with the driving motor, serving as the power supply of the driving motor. In addition, in the embodiment, in order to more conveniently open and close the protective ball cover, an infrared receiving module is arranged in the power supply circuit of the driving motor, so as to realize wireless remote control of the protective ball cover. The infrared sending module on the remote controller correspondingly sends the start and stop control signals, and the infrared receiving module correspondingly controls the on-off of the power supply circuit of the driving motor after receiving. The infrared remote control circuit of the driving motor is a conventional circuit, for example, a transistor with the collector and emitter connected to the circuit loop is used for control, the infrared receiving module is in electrical connection with the base of the transistor, so as to control the on-off of the corresponding rotation direction control circuit of the driving motor; other conventional schemes such as using a control chip for control can also be used, which will not be described here.

[0032] In some other embodiments, considering that the light in the tunnel is weak, it is difficult to quickly identify the positions of the monitoring targets before the monitoring operation starts. Therefore, a light-emitting module (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the outer edge surface of the driven cover 62. The light-emitting module can adopt an LED lamp body or a lamp group, is attached to the surface of the driven cover and is electrically connected with the dry battery set. Thus, the position of the tunnel monitoring target is indicated by the light-emitting module and at the same time the light-emitting module can play a warning role to avoid the collision between the equipment and vehicles entering and leaving the tunnel. In some other embodiments, considering that the long-term light emission of the light-emitting module can cause the dry battery set to be quickly consumed, in order to improve the use time of the dry battery set and avoid the light of the light-emitting module affecting observation, in this embodiment, two contacts are correspondingly arranged on the top surface of the hinged seat and are correspondingly electrically connected with the positive and negative poles of the dry battery set. The light-emitting module is connected in the electrical connection circuit, so that the light-emitting module, the dry battery set and the two contacts form a series light-emitting circuit. Correspondingly, an electrode sheet is fixedly arranged at the inner edge surface of the driving cover. When the driving cover is closed, the electrode sheet is just placed on the top surface of the two contacts, so that the two contacts are conducted and the light-emitting circuit is conducted, and the light-emitting module is powered to emit light. When the driving cover is opened, the electrode sheet is separated from the two contacts, so that the light-emitting circuit is disconnected, that is, when the protective cover is opened for observation, the light-emitting module is extinguished.

[0033] In addition, referring to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the lining plate 3 is directly welded and fixed with the outer threaded rod 2. In some other embodiments, considering that the lining plate needs a specific orientation during observation, when the outer threaded rod is screwed into the inner threaded tube, it needs to be screwed in at least a certain depth each time, and the depth of screwing cannot be controlled at any depth as needed. Therefore, in this embodiment, a telescopic motor is fixed on the back of the lining plate. The motor is electrically connected with the dry battery set. It is the same as the driving motor in the above that it is controlled by infrared remote control to start and stop. Here, it will not be repeated. The output shaft of the telescopic motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the outer threaded rod. Thus, the telescopic motor is used to indirectly connect the outer threaded rod with the lining plate, and the telescopic motor is also used to control the rotation of the outer threaded rod. At the same time, a guide rod with a certain length is arranged on the outer edge of the end of the inner threaded tube along the axial direction of the inner threaded tube, and a guide hole with a diameter matching that of the guide rod is arranged at the corresponding position of the hinged seat. Thus, by inserting the guide rod into the guide hole, the inner threaded tube embedded in the tunnel wall is used to limit the position of the hinged seat, so as to avoid the rotation of the hinged seat and the rotation of the lining plate and the reflective observation sheet vertically fixed on the surface of the hinged seat. Further, after the telescopic motor is started, the outer threaded rod rotates, thereby driving the hinged seat to slide along the guide rod, and the outer threaded rod is screwed into the inner threaded tube to any depth. During installation, the outer threaded rod is aligned with the inner threaded tube in a hand-held manner, the guide rod is inserted into the guide hole, and then the telescopic motor is started to quickly screw the outer threaded rod.

[0034] The tunnel monitoring target, in use, uses the remote controller to open the protective ball cover, then sets up the total station instrument within 50m of the monitoring section (in this example, the reflective observation sheet is in the groove cavity opened in the tunnel wall, and the tunnel concrete surface will be blocked when the distance is too far), and then performs observation after leveling. After the monitoring is completed, the remote controller is used to close the protective ball cover. In the embodiment provided with a telescopic motor, the depth of the outer threaded rod rotating into the inner threaded tube can be controlled by the remote control telescopic motor, so that when there is an observation requirement, the reflective observation sheet at the lining plate can be controlled to extend out of the groove cavity of the tunnel wall by the telescopic motor, thereby avoiding the limitation of the total station instrument setting position, and after the observation is completed, the reflective observation sheet is retracted into the groove cavity.

[0035] Although some preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, once they know the basic creative concept, can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A tunnel monitoring target, characterized in that, The system includes an internally threaded pipe for pre-embedding in the tunnel wall, an externally threaded rod for threaded connection with the internally threaded pipe, a liner plate corresponding to the end of the externally threaded rod and having a reflective observation plate on its surface, a hinge seat corresponding to the externally threaded rod and fixed relative to and perpendicular to the liner plate, and a protective spherical cover corresponding to both ends of the hinge seat and used to cover the liner plate; the protective spherical cover includes an active cover and a driven cover, each in the shape of a quarter-spherical shell, wherein the outer diameter of the active cover is smaller than the inner diameter of the driven cover; the outer edge surface of the active cover has an external ridge on the corresponding side, and the inner edge surface of the driven cover has internal ridges on both sides that are positionally interfering with the external ridges.

2. The tunnel monitoring target according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one drive motor that is fixed relative to the hinge seat and is used to drive the active cover to rotate.

3. The tunnel monitoring target according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active cover and the driven cover are respectively provided with hinge plates on both sides for hinged to the hinge seat via a hinge shaft; the cross-section of the hinge shaft is polygonal, the hinge plate of the active cover is provided with a hinge hole that matches the cross-sectional profile of the hinge shaft, and the hinge plate of the driven cover is provided with a circular hinge hole with a diameter not less than the maximum outer edge diameter of the hinge shaft.

4. The tunnel monitoring target according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a dry battery pack electrically connected to the drive motor, an infrared receiving module for controlling the circuit connection between the dry battery pack and the drive motor, and an infrared transmitting module for remotely controlling the operation of the drive motor.

5. The tunnel monitoring target according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driven cover has a light-emitting module on its outer edge; the hinge seat has two contacts at the contact position when the active cover is closed; the active cover has an electrode sheet on its corresponding end face for contacting and connecting the two contacts; the light-emitting module, the dry battery pack, and the contacts are connected in series.

6. The tunnel monitoring target according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The liner is welded and fixed to the external threaded rod.

7. The tunnel monitoring target according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A telescopic motor is fixedly installed on the back of the liner to control the length by which the external threaded rod is screwed into the internal threaded tube.

8. The tunnel monitoring target according to claim 7, characterized in that, The output shaft of the telescopic motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the external threaded rod; a guide rod is provided along the axial direction at the outer edge of the end of the internal threaded tube, and a guide hole matching the diameter of the guide rod is provided at the corresponding position of the hinge seat.

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