Hydromechanics comprehensive experiment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydromechanics comprehensive experiment device which is characterized in that a centrifugal pump characteristic experiment assembly, a straight pipe resistance characteristic experiment assembly, a local resistance characteristic experiment assembly and a laminar flow pipeline characteristic experiment assembly are arranged in a frame; the instrument control cabinet is used for carrying out data acquisition and operation control on centrifugal pump characteristic, straight pipe resistance characteristic, local resistance characteristic and laminar flow pipeline characteristic experiments in fluid mechanics, the functions are comprehensive, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of experimental devices, and in particular relates to a comprehensive experimental device for fluid mechanics. Background Technology

[0002] To observe fluid phenomena, fluid mechanics experimental devices have emerged. While numerous such devices are available on the market, they generally have a simple structure, are designed for specific experiments, have many valves, cannot be centrally and easily operated, and often have outdated configurations, requiring only basic monitoring and data processing software for experiments. This results in a poor user experience and prevents the development of extended experiments, hindering research. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive experimental device for fluid mechanics, which can simultaneously conduct experiments on the characteristics of centrifugal pumps, smooth pipes, rough pipes, local resistance pipes, laminar flow, and other pipelines on a single device. It is centrally arranged and easy to operate.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental device includes: an instrument control cabinet, a centrifugal pump characteristic experimental component, a straight pipe resistance characteristic experimental component, a local resistance characteristic experimental component, and a laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental component;

[0006] The instrument control cabinet is embedded with an HMI touch screen, which is electrically connected to the bus module inside the instrument control cabinet.

[0007] The bus module is electrically connected to the centrifugal pump characteristic experimental component, the straight pipe resistance characteristic experimental component, the local resistance characteristic experimental component, and the laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental component, and serves as a data transmission carrier between each experimental component and the HMI touch screen.

[0008] The HMI touch screen is used to receive operation commands input by the experimenters and transmit the operation commands to each experimental component through the bus module to execute the experiment; or to receive experimental data generated by each experimental component for real-time display.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the instrument control cabinet includes a cabinet body, and the front of the cabinet body includes an HMI touch screen mounting area, a button mounting area and a safety notice area;

[0010] The HMI touchscreen mounting area is used to embed the HMI touchscreen;

[0011] The button mounting area is located below the HMI touch screen mounting area and is used to install the power button, power off button and emergency stop button;

[0012] The safety notice area is used to post notices about precautions to be taken during the experiment.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a voice broadcaster is installed on the cabinet, and the voice broadcaster is electrically connected to the HMI touch screen for broadcasting precautions and abnormal situations during the experiment.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugal pump characteristic test assembly includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an electromagnetic flow meter, and a regulating valve;

[0015] The water tank is installed at the bottom of the frame of the experimental device. The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter, the output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to one end of the regulating valve, and the other end of the regulating valve is connected to the water tank.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the straight pipe resistance characteristic experimental assembly includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a smooth pipe, a rough pipe, and a differential pressure gauge;

[0017] The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, and the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter. The output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to one end of the smooth pipe and / or one end of the rough pipe, and the other end of the smooth pipe and / or the other end of the rough pipe is connected to the water tank. A differential pressure gauge is installed on the smooth pipe and / or the rough pipe. The centrifugal pump is equipped with a frequency converter to realize automatic adjustment of the pipeline flow.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the local resistance characteristic experimental assembly includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a first local resistance tube, a shut-off valve, a second local resistance tube, and a gate valve.

[0019] The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter, the output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to one end of the first local resistance pipe and one end of the second local resistance pipe, the other end of the first local resistance pipe is connected to the water tank, and the other end of the second local resistance pipe is connected to the water tank; the shut-off valve is installed on the first local resistance pipe, and the gate valve is installed on the second local resistance pipe.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental assembly includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an elevated water tank, a rotor flow meter, and a metering water tank;

[0021] The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the elevated water tank, the output end of the elevated water tank is connected to the input end of the metering water tank through a pipeline, and the output end of the metering water tank is connected to the water tank; the rotor flow meter is installed on the pipeline.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugal pump characteristic test assembly, the straight pipe resistance characteristic test assembly, the local resistance characteristic test assembly, and the laminar flow pipeline characteristic test assembly are installed in the same frame.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the frame is made of aluminum alloy, and the bottom of the frame is equipped with pulleys and restraining feet.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the frame is 2600mm long, 600mm wide, and 1750mm high.

[0025] Because of the adoption of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] The fluid mechanics comprehensive experimental device in one embodiment of this utility model integrates centrifugal pump characteristic experimental components, straight pipe resistance characteristic experimental components, local resistance characteristic experimental components, and laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental components into a frame. Furthermore, the device uses an instrument control cabinet to collect data and control the fluid mechanics experiments, including centrifugal pump characteristics, straight pipe resistance characteristics, local resistance characteristics, and laminar flow pipeline characteristics. It is comprehensive in function and easy to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1: Smooth pipe; 2: Rough pipe; 3: Local resistance pipe - shut-off valve; 4: Local resistance pipe - gate valve; 5: Laminar flow pipe; 6: Rotor flow meter; 7: Metering tank; 8: HMI touch screen; 9: Emergency stop button; 10: Safety operation notice; 11: Instrument control cabinet; 12: Electromagnetic flow meter; 13: Regulating valve; 14: Centrifugal pump; 15: Water tank; 16: Frame; 17: Differential pressure gauge valve; 18: High-level water tank. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a comprehensive experimental apparatus for fluid mechanics proposed in this utility model. The advantages and features of this utility model will become clearer from the following description and claims.

[0030] This embodiment provides a comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental apparatus, comprising: an instrument control cabinet, a centrifugal pump characteristic experimental component, a straight pipe resistance characteristic experimental component, a local resistance characteristic experimental component, and a laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental component. An HMI touchscreen is embedded in the instrument control cabinet and electrically connected to a bus module within the cabinet. The bus module is electrically connected to the centrifugal pump characteristic experimental component, the straight pipe resistance characteristic experimental component, the local resistance characteristic experimental component, and the laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental component, serving as a data transmission carrier between each experimental component and the HMI touchscreen. The HMI touchscreen receives operation commands input by the experimenter and transmits these commands to each experimental component via the bus module to execute the experiment; or it receives experimental data generated by each experimental component for real-time display.

[0031] The device integrates centrifugal pump characteristic test components, straight pipe resistance characteristic test components, local resistance characteristic test components, and laminar flow pipeline characteristic test components within the same frame. Combined with the HMI interface of the instrument control cabinet, it can simultaneously conduct centrifugal pump characteristic experiments, smooth pipe, rough pipe, local resistance pipe, laminar flow and other pipeline characteristic experiments, optimizing the layout and enabling convenient operation.

[0032] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The instrument control cabinet 11 of this device includes a cabinet body. The front of the cabinet includes an HMI touchscreen mounting area, a button mounting area, and a safety notice area. The HMI touchscreen mounting area is used to mount the HMI touchscreen 8. The button mounting area, located below the HMI touchscreen mounting area, is used to install buttons such as the power button, power button, and emergency stop button 9. The safety notice area is used to post notices of precautions during the experiment. A voice announcer is also installed on the cabinet body. This voice announcer is electrically connected to the HMI touchscreen 8 and is used to announce precautions and abnormal situations during the experiment. Through the emergency stop button and the voice announcer, experimenters can promptly detect faults or abnormalities and quickly stop the experiment.

[0033] Next to the instrument control cabinet 11 is the specific experimental device. The frame 16 of the experimental device is made of aluminum alloy, and the bottom of the frame 16 is equipped with pulleys and restraining feet. The frame is 2600mm long, 600mm wide, and 1750mm high.

[0034] Within this framework, experimental components for centrifugal pump characteristics, straight pipe resistance characteristics, local resistance characteristics, and laminar flow pipeline characteristics are installed. The centrifugal pump characteristic experimental component includes a water tank 15, a centrifugal pump 14, an electromagnetic flowmeter 12, and a regulating valve 13. The water tank 15 is installed at the bottom of the frame 16. The input end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the water tank 15, and the output end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 12. The output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 12 is connected to one end of the regulating valve 13, and the other end of the regulating valve 13 is connected to the water tank 15. This centrifugal pump can be a lightweight stainless steel centrifugal pump, and the flow rate in the pipeline is automatically regulated through the regulating valve.

[0035] During the centrifugal pump characteristic experiment, water from tank 15 is pumped by centrifugal pump 14. After the flow rate is detected by electromagnetic flowmeter 12, the flow rate is adjusted by regulating valve 13 before returning to tank 15. During this process, the inlet and outlet pressures, flow rates, speeds, and power of centrifugal pump 14 are recorded to calculate the centrifugal pump characteristics.

[0036] The straight pipe resistance characteristic test assembly includes a water tank 15, a centrifugal pump 14, an electromagnetic flowmeter 12, a smooth pipe 1, a rough pipe 2, and a differential pressure gauge. The input end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the water tank 15, and the output end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 12. The output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 12 is connected to one end of the smooth pipe 1 and / or one end of the rough pipe 2, and the other end of the smooth pipe 1 and / or the other end of the rough pipe 2 is connected to the water tank 15. A differential pressure gauge is installed on the smooth pipe 1 and / or the rough pipe 2. The centrifugal pump 14 is equipped with a frequency converter, which can automatically adjust the flow rate during the pipeline characteristic test.

[0037] During the straight pipe resistance characteristic experiment, a centrifugal pump is used to transport water from tank 15. After the flow rate is detected by electromagnetic flowmeter 12, the water is transported to either smooth pipe 1 or rough pipe 2. The pressure difference in the measured section is then detected, and the water is returned to the tank. By using a frequency converter for the centrifugal pump, automatic adjustment of the pipe flow rate can be achieved.

[0038] The experimental components for local resistance characteristics include a water tank 15, a centrifugal pump 14, an electromagnetic flowmeter 12, a local resistance pipe-stop valve 3, and a local resistance pipe-gate valve 4; wherein, the local resistance pipe-stop valve 3 refers to a local resistance pipeline with a stop valve; and the local resistance pipe-gate valve 4 refers to a local resistance pipeline with a gate valve.

[0039] The input end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the water tank 15, the output end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 12, the output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 12 is connected to one end of the local resistance pipe-stop valve 3 and one end of the local resistance pipe-gate valve 4, the other end of the local resistance pipe-stop valve 3 is connected to the water tank 15, and the other end of the local resistance pipe-gate valve 4 is connected to the water tank 15.

[0040] During the local resistance characteristic experiment, a centrifugal pump is used to transport water from tank 15. After the flow rate is detected by electromagnetic flowmeter 12, the water is transported to the local resistance pipe-stop valve 3 or the local resistance pipe-gate valve 4. The pipeline pressure difference in the measurement section is detected, and then the water is returned to the tank. By using a frequency converter for the centrifugal pump, the pipeline flow rate can be automatically adjusted.

[0041] The laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental assembly includes a water tank 15, a centrifugal pump 14, an elevated water tank 18, a rotor flowmeter 6, and a metering water tank 7. The input end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the water tank 15, and the output end of the centrifugal pump 14 is connected to the input end of the elevated water tank 18. The output end of the elevated water tank 18 is connected to the input end of the metering water tank 7 through a pipeline, and the output end of the metering water tank 7 is connected to the water tank 15. The rotor flowmeter 6 is installed on the output pipeline of the elevated water tank 18.

[0042] During the laminar flow pipeline characteristic experiment, centrifugal pump 14 is used to directly transport water from water tank 15 to elevated water tank 18, which then transports the water into the laminar flow pipe. After the flow rate is detected by rotor flowmeter 6, it is corrected by metering water tank 7 before returning to the water tank. This pipeline is made of transparent material, allowing for Reynolds experiments.

[0043] The connections of the various components in the above-mentioned experimental setup are primarily via pipelines. Considering the diverse functions of the device, the pipelines are designed with movable connections to facilitate extended experiments such as flowmeter calibration. For experiments involving differential pressure measurement, a row of differential pressure gauge valves 17 is installed for convenient control, allowing for centralized arrangement and control of the valves for ease of operation.

[0044] Furthermore, the aforementioned instrument control cabinet is an independent instrument control workstation with an embedded HMI touchscreen, enabling manual / automatic detection of experimental data, processing of experimental data, and manual / automatic generation of experimental reports. Additionally, a smart learning platform is installed within the instrument control cabinet to facilitate online learning and online experiment preparation for staff, and provides laboratory safety access assessment functions.

[0045] The intelligent learning platform may have the following functions:

[0046] 1. Supports WeChat Mini Program login;

[0047] 2. Supports online entry of personnel information such as name, class, student ID, and facial recognition;

[0048] 3. Supports selecting devices on mobile devices and learning from online video and document materials, and records the learning time after the learning is completed;

[0049] 4. Supports learning about the device's 3D scene on mobile and web devices. Users can rotate, zoom in, and zoom out of the device in the 3D scene. Clicking on core devices will trigger pop-up windows for learning knowledge points in video or document format. The learning time is recorded after the learning is completed.

[0050] 5. Supports online entrance exams, including multiple-choice, true / false, and multiple-answer questions. The system automatically scores and generates a score report. Upon meeting the entrance standards, a valid entrance certificate is issued. If the exam is not passed, the system will automatically send a list of incorrect answers.

[0051] In summary, this comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental device is fully functional, capable of conducting experiments on centrifugal pumps, pipeline characteristics (straight pipes and pipes with local resistance), and local pipe resistance characteristics (gate valves and shut-off valves). The experimental pipelines are easily disassembled, and the device's functionality is expandable. It can also perform laminar flow pipeline characteristic experiments using an elevated tank and accommodate Reynolds demonstration experiments. The device is equipped with an emergency stop button and a voice and light broadcast system, making operation safer and more convenient. It solves research problems in fluid mechanics experiments for university students and researchers, improves experimental efficiency, and allows for extended research. The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to this utility model, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, they shall still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A comprehensive experimental apparatus for fluid mechanics, characterized in that, include: Instrument control cabinet, centrifugal pump characteristic test assembly, straight pipe resistance characteristic test assembly, local resistance characteristic test assembly and laminar flow pipeline characteristic test assembly; The instrument control cabinet is embedded with an HMI touch screen, which is electrically connected to the bus module inside the instrument control cabinet. The bus module is electrically connected to the centrifugal pump characteristic experimental component, the straight pipe resistance characteristic experimental component, the local resistance characteristic experimental component, and the laminar flow pipeline characteristic experimental component, and serves as a data transmission carrier between each experimental component and the HMI touch screen. The HMI touch screen is used to receive operation commands input by the experimenters and transmit the operation commands to each experimental component through the bus module to execute the experiment; or to receive experimental data generated by each experimental component for real-time display.

2. The comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The instrument control cabinet includes a cabinet body, and the front of the cabinet body includes an HMI touch screen installation area, a button installation area, and a safety notice area. The HMI touchscreen mounting area is used to embed the HMI touchscreen; The button mounting area is located below the HMI touch screen mounting area and is used to install the power button, power off button and emergency stop button; The safety notice area is used to post notices about precautions to be taken during the experiment.

3. The comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cabinet is equipped with a voice broadcaster, which is electrically connected to the HMI touch screen and is used to broadcast precautions and abnormal situations during the experiment.

4. The comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal pump characteristic test assembly includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an electromagnetic flowmeter, and a regulating valve; The water tank is installed at the bottom of the frame of the experimental device. The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter, the output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to one end of the regulating valve, and the other end of the regulating valve is connected to the water tank.

5. The comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental setup for the straight pipe resistance characteristics includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a smooth pipe, a rough pipe, and a differential pressure gauge. The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, and the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter. The output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to one end of the smooth pipe and / or one end of the rough pipe, and the other end of the smooth pipe and / or the other end of the rough pipe is connected to the water tank. A differential pressure gauge is installed on the smooth pipe and / or the rough pipe. The centrifugal pump is equipped with a frequency converter to realize automatic adjustment of the pipeline flow.

6. The comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental assembly for local resistance characteristics includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a first local resistance tube, a shut-off valve, a second local resistance tube, and a gate valve. The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter, the output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to one end of the first local resistance pipe and one end of the second local resistance pipe, the other end of the first local resistance pipe is connected to the water tank, and the other end of the second local resistance pipe is connected to the water tank; the shut-off valve is installed on the first local resistance pipe, and the gate valve is installed on the second local resistance pipe.

7. The comprehensive experimental apparatus for fluid mechanics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laminar flow pipeline characteristic test assembly includes a water tank, a centrifugal pump, an elevated water tank, a rotor flow meter, and a metering water tank. The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the water tank, the output end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the input end of the elevated water tank, the output end of the elevated water tank is connected to the input end of the metering water tank through a pipeline, and the output end of the metering water tank is connected to the water tank; the rotor flow meter is installed on the pipeline.

8. The comprehensive experimental apparatus for fluid mechanics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal pump characteristic test assembly, straight pipe resistance characteristic test assembly, local resistance characteristic test assembly, and laminar flow pipeline characteristic test assembly are installed in the same frame.

9. The comprehensive experimental apparatus for fluid mechanics as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The frame is made of aluminum alloy, and the bottom of the frame is equipped with pulleys and restraining feet.

10. The comprehensive fluid mechanics experimental apparatus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The frame is 2600mm long, 600mm wide, and 1750mm high.

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