488results about "Sublimation" patented technology

Systems and apparatus are disclosed for mining the permafrost at the landing sites using radiant gas dynamic mining procedures. The systems can comprise a rover vehicle with an integrated large area dome for cryotrapping gases released from the surface and multi-wavelength radiant heating systems to provide adjustable heating as a function of depth. Various antenna arrays and configurations are disclosed, some of which can cooperate for a specific aiming or targeting effect.

The invention provides a polymer devolatilization process and a devolatilization system. The devolatilization process comprises the following steps: heating a polymer raw material containing volatile components to obtain a molten polymer, pressurizing the molten polymer, mixing with an entrainer, and feeding into a falling film device; after sudden pressure drop and heating, the entrainer carries volatile components to be separated from the system, and a devolatilization product is obtained; the mass ratio of the polymer raw material to the entrainer is (10: 1)-(10000: 1). According to the polymer devolatilization process provided by the invention, the entrainer with a low boiling point is introduced into a reaction system, a large number of microbubbles are formed through vaporization of the entrainer and azeotropy of volatile components, removal of the volatile components in the material is enhanced through pressure swing flash evaporation, and extremely low pressure does not need to be reached in a devolatilization device.

The present invention relates to a process for producing molybdenum dioxide dichloride, which is a very efficient process that does not use hazardous chlorine gas and high reaction temperatures and enables the production of molybdenum dioxide dichloride in high yield without solvent.

The invention provides a vacuumizing system and a cold trap thereof. The cold trap comprises an inner container, a first shell and a second shell which are sequentially arranged at intervals from inside to outside. A storage cavity used for containing a low-temperature medium is formed in the inner container in a hollow mode. The outer side face of the inner container forms a first cold face. The inner side face of the first shell and the outer side face of the inner container are enclosed to form a gas flow interlayer for gas to flow. The first shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the airflow interlayer. A containing cavity is defined by the inner side face of the second shell and the outer side face of the first shell, the containing cavity is used for containing a low-temperature medium, and a second cold face is formed by the inner side face of the first shell. The first cold surface and the second cold surface are formed in the cold trap at the same time, so that the cold surface area of the cold trap is increased, the temperature difference between the inner side and the outer side of the airflow interlayer can be balanced, the guiding effect of the cold trap on the gas is enhanced, the adsorption and trapping capacity of the cold trap on impurity gas molecules in the gas is enhanced, and therefore the efficiency of the cold trap is improved.

The invention discloses a low-temperature cold trap water removal device which comprises more than two water removal channels which are connected in parallel; each water removal channel comprises a refrigeration water removal gas path and an ice melting purging gas path which are connected in series; each refrigeration and water removal gas path is also connected with an inlet of a dry gas collection gas path, and an outlet of the dry gas collection gas path is used for being connected with an analyzer; and each water removal channel is connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the refrigeration water removal gas paths and the ice melting purging gas paths of the different water removal channels to operate in a staggered mode. According to the application, moisture in the gas to be dewatered can be effectively removed, frost can be timely removed, and related phenomena such as relatively large dead volume of the cold trap can be avoided.

The invention discloses a method for extracting and recovering metal elements in lithium batteries using a chlorination method, which belongs to the technical field of lithium battery recovery. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, calcining the positive electrode sheet of the lithium battery to remove organic matter, and peeling off the aluminum foil to obtain electrode material powder; step 2, placing the electrode material powder on a carrier of a Joule heat device, and performing a thermal shock treatment under a chlorine atmosphere, and the treatment process is staged by stage heating and chlorination; step 3, desublimating the gas generated after chlorination in each stage; step 4, adding the solid after desublimation in each stage to deionized water, adding a sodium carbonate aqueous solution after mixing, collecting the precipitate, washing and drying to obtain a metal salt product. The present invention is based on the characteristics of Joule heat that can heat quickly and accurately control the temperature, combined with the difference in the temperature of the chlorination reaction of different metal oxides and the gasification temperature of the chlorination product, to achieve staged gasification and desublimation treatment, obtain different metal chlorides, and purify accurately and efficiently.

A carbon dioxide recovery device provided with a separation device that separates carbon dioxide from to-be-separated gas (for example, combustion exhaust gas) containing carbon dioxide, wherein: in order from the upstream side where the to-be-separated gas is supplied, the separation device and carbon dioxide sublimators, which sublimate (solidify) carbon dioxide that was separated in the separation device, are connected in series, refrigerant circuits in which a fluid having cold heat serves as the refrigerant, are connected to the carbon dioxide sublimators, and the refrigerant is used to sublimate (solidify) the carbon dioxide; and when the carbon dioxide is sublimated (solidified), the carbon dioxide sublimators are depressurized and set to negative pressure so as to draw in the carbon dioxide separated at the separation device.

The utility model provides a gas purification device and a gas purification system, and the gas purification device comprises a cold trap mechanism which comprises a cold trap main body which is installed on a cold head of a first refrigerating machine and forms heat conduction with the cold head so as to be cooled by the cold head to a first temperature suitable for adsorbing impurities; the vacuum cover covers the outer side of the cold trap main body, and a vacuum cavity suitable for being pumped to be in a vacuum state is limited in the vacuum cover, so that the cold trap main body is thermally isolated from the external environment; the pipeline mechanism comprises a first branch which is suitable for arranging the cold trap main body on a circulating pipeline of a gas source to be purified in parallel and is configured to be selectively communicated with the circulating pipeline; and the desorption mechanism is configured to respond to the cut-off state of the first branch, heat the cold trap main body to a second temperature suitable for desorbing the impurities, and extract the impurities in the cold trap main body.

The present application provides a molten salt extraction and distillation separation device for zirconium and hafnium tetrachloride, comprising a distillation tower, a reboiler, a reflux tank, a circulation tank, a sublimator, a gas preheater, and a condenser. During installation, the various components are connected in sequence to obtain a complete molten salt extraction and distillation separation device for zirconium and hafnium tetrachloride. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is convenient to connect, and is suitable for the molten salt extraction and distillation separation of zirconium and hafnium tetrachloride.

The invention discloses an electronic waste efficient chlorination comprehensive recovery device and method, and relates to the technical field of chemical metallurgy, the electronic waste efficient chlorination comprehensive recovery device comprises a chlorination reaction cavity, a heating system, a vacuum system, an atmosphere control system and a condensation separation system; the heating system is used for controlling the temperature of the chlorination reaction cavity; the vacuum system is communicated with the heating system; the atmosphere control system comprises a chlorine gas source and a protective gas source; and the temperature of the condensation separation system is gradually reduced. Through the high-purity graphite heating assembly, the sealing structure and the atmosphere control system, the highest heating temperature is 1700 DEG C, the temperature limit of 1200 DEG C of a traditional quartz tube furnace can be broken through, the chlorine corrosion problem is solved, chlorine is not leaked, and the environment is not polluted. High-valued recovery of different metal resources can be achieved through low-temperature pyrolysis, high-temperature chlorination volatilization and three-stage condensation settling separation, and the method has the advantages of being low in energy consumption, high in recovery rate, environmentally friendly and the like and is suitable for industrial metal resource recovery.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of single-walled carbon nanotube preparation, and particularly relates to a device for preparing single-walled carbon nanotubes by a floating catalyst method, comprising: a reaction mechanism including a reaction furnace tube and a first heating mechanism for heating the reaction furnace tube; a first raw material conveying mechanism including a sublimation tank for storing a catalyst and a second heating mechanism for heating the sublimation tank, the sublimation tank being communicated with the reaction furnace tube through a first conveying path, wherein the catalyst in the sublimation tank is sublimated and forms a gas state by heating the sublimation tank through the second heating mechanism; a second raw material conveying mechanism including an injection pump for storing a liquid carbon source and a gas cylinder for storing a gas, the injection pump and the gas cylinder being communicated with the reaction furnace tube through a second conveying path; and a collection mechanism including a collection assembly communicated with the reaction furnace tube. The device of the present invention can improve the yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes and the stability of the preparation process.

The invention discloses a double-cold-trap operation monitoring method, a double-cold-trap control system, a medium and a product, and relates to electric digital data processing.The method comprises the steps that first cold trap temperature and humidity data, first condensate water cumulant, second cold trap temperature and humidity data and second condensate water cumulant are obtained; determining a first cold trap dehumidification efficiency, a second cold trap dehumidification efficiency, a first temperature gradient, a second temperature gradient and a condensate water cumulant change rate; determining a first operation defect of the first cold trap and / or a second operation defect of the second cold trap according to a preset parameter standard value; and based on the first operation defect of the first cold trap and / or the second operation defect of the second cold trap, searching a double-cold-trap processing scheme of which the relevancy is higher than a preset relevancy threshold in a preset operation defect processing scheme database. By implementing the method, the accuracy of double-cold-trap operation monitoring can be improved.

The utility model discloses an efficient sulfur capturing device which comprises two sulfur capturing cylinders, a sulfur capturing cavity is arranged in each sulfur capturing cylinder, the side wall of each sulfur capturing cavity is provided with a treatment gas inlet and a treatment gas outlet, and the bottom wall of each sulfur capturing cavity is provided with a liquid discharge pipe; the treatment gas conveying device comprises a treatment gas conveying pipe and a control valve, and the control valve is used for controlling the treatment gas conveying pipe to selectively communicate with the treatment gas inlet of one of the two sulfur capturing cylinders; the heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange part extending into the sulfur capturing cavity, at least part of the heat exchange part is located between the treated gas inlet and the treated gas outlet, and the heat exchange part is provided with a medium channel which is not communicated with the sulfur capturing cavity; and the medium conveying structure is used for inputting a medium into the medium channel and outputting the medium in the medium channel, and the medium is a cooling medium or a heating medium. The high-efficiency sulfur capturing device can intercept elemental sulfur in synthetic gas, the working efficiency is high, the intercepted elemental sulfur can be intensively discharged, and secondary pollution cannot be caused.

The utility model relates to a cold trap device capable of generating high pressure in situ, which comprises a cold trap barrel body, an air inlet pipe, an air inlet pipe vacuum valve, an air outlet pipe, an air outlet pipe vacuum valve and a pressure gauge, and is characterized in that the cold trap barrel body is arranged in a liquid nitrogen Dewar; the device can utilize a low-temperature environment created by the liquid nitrogen Dewar to form a low-temperature space capable of effectively compressing or liquefying gas in the cold trap barrel body, so that the gas entering the cold trap barrel body is compressed or converted into a liquid state, and the internal temperature of the gas gradually rises along with the slow removal of the cold trap barrel body from the liquid nitrogen environment; the previously compressed or liquefied gas begins to expand, creating a higher pressure. External impurities are not introduced, extra energy input is not needed, energy consumption is reduced, the environmental protection performance is improved, and the operation efficiency of the whole system can be remarkably improved.

The present invention relates to the technical field of ultra-low temperature cold traps, and in particular to an ultra-low temperature cold trap device. It comprises: a shell; a liquid storage tank, mounted on the shell; a rotating frame, rotatably connected to the shell, the rotating frame being provided with a plurality of first chambers; a baffle, fixedly connected to the shell, a collecting chamber being provided between the baffle and the shell, and the shell being provided with an external drain pipe. The present invention reduces the liquid content in the first chamber through which the airflow passes by continuously replacing the first chamber connected to the air inlet pipe, thereby ensuring the stability of the liquid separation in the airflow, so as to reduce the influence of the liquid in the gas on the vacuum pump, and discharge the liquid in the collecting chamber through the external drain pipe. Without disassembling the device, the liquid in the device is simply removed to reduce the disassembly and assembly frequency of the device, thereby reducing the probability of sealing failure of the device due to frequent disassembly and assembly, and extending the service life of the device.

The invention relates to the technical field of hippophae rhamnoides extraction, and provides a hippophae rhamnoides cell sap double-cryogenic critical extraction process. A sea-buckthorn cell sap double-cryogenic critical extraction process comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment: cleaning sea-buckthorn, and draining water to obtain pretreated sea-buckthorn; s2, performing primary cryogenic treatment, sublimation drying and secondary cryogenic treatment on the pretreated sea-buckthorn, and collecting to obtain sea-buckthorn cell sap; during primary cryogenic treatment, the cryogenic final temperature is less than or equal to-45 DEG C; during secondary cryogenic treatment, the cryogenic final temperature is less than or equal to-70 DEG C; according to the technical scheme, the problems that the recovery rate of the sea-buckthorn cell sap is low, active ingredients in sea-buckthorn are easily damaged, and industrialization of extraction of the sea-buckthorn cell sap is difficult to realize in the prior art are solved.

The utility model discloses a catcher for aluminum trichloride, which relates to the technical field of chemical equipment and comprises a barrel, a material inlet, a tail gas outlet and a material outlet are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the barrel from top to bottom, a supporting inner barrel is mounted in the barrel, and a plurality of scrapers are mounted on the outer wall of the supporting inner barrel. The top of the supporting inner barrel is rotationally connected with the top of the barrel, a first shaft is arranged at the bottom of the supporting inner barrel, and a power mechanism for driving the first shaft to rotate is arranged at the bottom of the barrel. Therefore, firstly, the scraper is telescopic through the supporting spring, so that the end part of the scraper can be attached to the inner wall of the barrel body, and the scraping effect is ensured to the greatest extent; and secondly, the first shaft body, the second shaft body and the supporting inner cylinder in the scheme are hollow, when a thermal medium is introduced into the first shaft body, the second shaft body and the supporting inner cylinder, the supporting inner cylinder and the scraper are heated, at the moment, aluminum trichloride is only separated out on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and then aluminum trichloride particles are prevented from being attached to the outer wall of the supporting inner cylinder.

To provide systems and methods that may be useful in the context of gas reuse thin film deposition equipment.SOLUTION: The present disclosure particularly relates to separate collection and recycling of gases such as precursors, reactants, and purge gases. A system 100 includes: a reaction chamber 110; a precursor source 120 operationally connected to the reaction chamber by means of a precursor line 125, the precursor line being disposed with a precursor valve 126 that is operable to open and close the precursor line; a reactant source 130 operationally connected to the reaction chamber by means of a reactant line 135, the reactant line being disposed with a valve 136 that is operable to open and close the reactant line; a precursor side stream line disposed with a valve 123 that is operable to open and close a precursor side stream line 122; and a reactant side stream line disposed with a valve 133 that is operable to open and close a reactant side stream line 132.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention provides a cooling device and a cooling method for a sublimation section. The cooling device comprises a reaction kettle (1) provided with a smooth inner wall, wherein the top of the reaction kettle (1) is provided with a gas phase port (11), the bottom of the reaction kettle (1) is provided with a discharge port (12), the middle of the reaction kettle (1) is provided with a sublimation gas phase inlet (13), and a wall of the reaction kettle (1) is further provided with a jacket (2).

A system for trapping a target condensable gas may include a supersonic condensation nozzle configured to receive a gas stream containing a target condensable gas component and accelerate the gas into a supersonic gas stream; at least one particle injector in the supersonic nozzle for injecting particles such that the particles are in the supersonic gas stream, whereby a target gas condensate is formed on a portion of the particles; an expansion device defining a channel having a lobe, causing the flow of particles containing the target gas condensate to generate an expansion wave to separate the flow into a first flow path in which a concentration of particles containing the target gas condensate increases and a second flow path in which a target condensable gas content of the gas decreases; and a diverter having at least a first channel, the diverter configured to collect the first flow path.

The invention relates to a method using a liquid transfer fluid whereof the triple point is lower than -125°C, such as isopentane, in order to recover the cold energy from the sublimation and melting of substances frozen on exchanger surfaces, and more specifically CO2. The same transfer fluid circulates in two coupled circuits; one is purely a secondary refrigerant, while the other is a heat-transfer fluid when it performs de-icing operations and a secondary refrigerant for transferring the refrigerating power recovered during de-icing operations.

The utility model provides a spray freeze-drying device. The spray freeze drying apparatus includes: a container; the atomizing structure comprises at least one first atomizing nozzle; the freezing structure comprises at least one second atomizing nozzle, the second atomizing nozzle is located on the spraying path of the first atomizing nozzle, the second atomizing nozzle is constructed to be capable of spraying out a freezing medium, and the temperature of the freezing medium is lower than the eutectic point of the to-be-dried material; the stirring mechanism comprises a driving part and a stirring assembly, and the driving part is in driving connection with the stirring assembly; the air outlet end of the ventilation assembly communicates with the containing cavity. According to the technical scheme, the problem that existing spray freeze-drying equipment is low in drying efficiency can be solved.

The utility model provides a vacuum tail gas cold trap, and belongs to the technical field of tail gas treatment. The problem that an existing tail gas treatment cooling effect is poor is solved. The vacuum tail gas cold trap comprises a shell with a liquid outlet in the bottom, a heat exchange pipe arranged in the shell, a barrel body fixedly connected in the shell and an air inlet pipe, an air outlet is formed in the top of the shell, an air inlet is formed in the bottom of the shell, the top of the barrel body is blocked, and an opening is formed in the bottom of the barrel body. A first gas passing channel for tail gas to pass through is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the barrel body and the inner peripheral wall of the shell, the bottom of the gas inlet pipe is communicated with the gas inlet of the shell, the top of the gas inlet pipe extends into the top in the barrel body from the bottom of the barrel body, and a second gas passing channel for tail gas to pass through is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the gas inlet pipe and the inner peripheral wall of the barrel body; part of the heat exchange pipe is located in the first air passing channel, and the other part is located in the second air passing channel. The vacuum tail gas cold trap has the advantage of improving the cooling effect of tail gas.

The invention relates to the field of vacuum technology and low-temperature engineering, and discloses a low-temperature cold trap device and a vacuum system.The low-temperature cold trap device comprises a shell provided with an extraction opening; the adapter piece is communicated with the shell and is provided with a channel which can be opened or closed; the condensation assembly is arranged in the shell; the cold source is arranged on the shell and exchanges heat with the condensation assembly; the driving mechanism is arranged on the shell and used for driving the condensation assembly to enter and exit from the shell along the channel. The driving mechanism drives the condensation assembly to enter and exit from the shell along the channel, the low-temperature cold trap device can be arranged in the air exhaust pipeline to achieve high cold trap working efficiency during working, the cold trap can be moved out of the air exhaust pipeline during regeneration, shutdown of the air exhaust pipeline is avoided, air exhaust work is not affected, and the service life of the low-temperature cold trap device is prolonged. Therefore, the air exhaust efficiency and the air exhaust performance of the air exhaust pipeline can be ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium crystallization, in particular to a crystallization method and a crystallization device for crystallized magnesium. The crystallization method takes magnesium steam containing impurities as a raw material, and comprises the following steps: vibrating the magnesium steam; wherein the vibration frequency is larger than or equal to 50 Hz; the magnesium steam is crystallized under the vibration condition, crystal nucleuses of the magnesium steam grow in an accelerated mode, the impurities are separated, and crystallized magnesium is obtained. According to the crystallization method, vibration with the frequency of 50 Hz and above is used, the crystallization process of magnesium steam is optimized from the two dimensions of molecular dynamics and crystallization boundary layer control, and the crystal nucleus forming speed and crystallization efficiency of magnesium and the purity of a crystallized magnesium product can be improved. The unit energy consumption of the crystallization method can be controlled to be 8.0 kWh / kg or below, the impurity adhesion rate is controlled to be 40% or below, and a crystallized magnesium product with the purity being 99.90% or above can be finally obtained through the crystallization method.

A system for capturing a target condensable gas may include: a supersonic condensation nozzle configured to receive a gas flow having a target condensable gas content, and for accelerating said gas into a supersonic gas flow, at least one particle injector in the supersonic nozzle for injecting particles for the particles to be in the supersonic gas flow, whereby target gas condensate forms onto some of the particles, an expansion device defining a conduit having a convex corner causing the flow of the particles with target gas condensate to generate expansion waves to separate the flow into a first flow path having an increased concentration of particles with target gas condensate thereon and into a second flow path of gas with lowered target condensable gas content, and a divider having at least a first conduit, the divider configured to collect the first flow path.

Discontinuously operated desublimator (1) for removing at least one gas component to be desublimated from a gas mixture flow comprising a housing wall (7) as an outer boundary, an inlet nozzle (10) on the housing wall (7) for supplying the gas mixture flow into the desublimator (1), an outlet (6) on the housing wall (7) for discharging the treated gas mixture flow from the desublimator (1), a desublimation zone (4) with temperature-controlled flow channel walls, wherein the flow channel walls are temperature-controlled such that during a loading process the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates at the flow channel walls, and that during a subsequent melting process the at least one gas component desublimated in the loading process melts at the flow channel walls, a gas inlet distribution chamber (3) located between the inlet (2) and the desublimation zone (4), and a gas outlet space (5) located between the outlet (6) and the desublimation zone (4), characterized by the fact that at least a first guide plate (8a), a second guide plate (8b) and a third guide plate (8c) are arranged in the gas inlet distribution chamber (3) for the uniform distribution of the gas mixture flow through the flow channels that result from the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone (4), and wherein at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have a distance (H LB, a-b , H LB , b-c ) to their adjacent guide plate or to their adjacent guide plates in the range of 0.01 to 0.9 * D, preferably in the range of 0.10 to 0.50 * D, wherein D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle with the same area as the inlet surface (9).

The invention relates to a sublimation purification device which comprises an evaporation area and at least one condensation area, a rotatable spiral condensation assembly is arranged in a condenser in the condensation area in the axial direction, and the spiral condensation assembly comprises a central rotating shaft and spiral blades extending outwards; through continuous rotation of the spiral assembly, the geometric position of a condensation surface is forcibly changed, a crystal static growth boundary is broken to inhibit formation of loose dendritic crystals, and the dendritic crystals are prevented from touching a pipe wall to cause thermal short circuit and material overheating; in addition, a heat exchange medium runner is arranged in the spiral condensation assembly and comprises an outflow path extending from the central rotating shaft to the outer edge of the blade and a backflow path returning to the rotating shaft. According to the flow channel structure, the structural thermal resistance of long-range metal heat conduction is eliminated, full-surface isothermal cooling of an ultra-large-area spiral surface is achieved, a uniform and continuous cold source is provided while the assembly conveys materials, and finally long-term constancy and efficient and stable capture of condensation efficiency are guaranteed.

Methods for removing impurities from precursors and related systems are provided. A method comprises at least one thermal cycle. The at least one thermal cycle comprises one or more of the following steps: heating a vessel comprising a precursor and at least one impurity to a temperature for a duration sufficient to vaporize at least a portion of the at least one impurity; measuring a vapor pressure within the vessel to obtain a measured vapor pressure and comparing the measured vapor pressure to a set point vapor pressure; and when the measured vapor pressure is above or within the set point vapor pressure, removing, from the vessel, at least a portion of a vapor comprising the at least one impurity. Other methods and systems are provided herein.

The invention relates to a secondary fluorination system for synthesizing PF3. The secondary fluorination system comprises a main reactor, a condenser pipe, a secondary fluorination reactor and a cold trap, the invention also discloses a secondary fluorination process for synthesizing PF3, which comprises the following steps: introducing gas-phase HF into a liquid-phase PC13 raw material to generate gas-phase main products PF3 and HCl and a small amount of by-product fluorine chloride, carrying out secondary fluorination reaction on the products through a fluorinating agent ZnF2, almost completely converting the by-products into the target product PF3, and collecting the final product in a cold trap. According to the invention, the content of by-products in the cold trap is greatly reduced, the conversion rate of raw materials is improved, and the purification efficiency of the crude phosphorus trifluoride is improved.