394 results about "Joule heating" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage materials, and particularly relates to a high-entropy oxide Fe0. 2Co0. 2Ni0. 2Cu0. 2Zn0. 2O and an ultrafast synthesis method and application thereof. According to the preparation method, ferroferric oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide and zinc oxide with equal molar ratio are adopted as direct synthesis raw materials, toxic gases such as chlorine and nitrogen dioxide generated in the synthesis process of a metal salt precursor are avoided, and the uniformly distributed single-phase high-entropy oxide is synthesized in an ultrafast manner within 10 seconds by using a Joule heating technology; the synthesized high-entropy oxide is used as a lithium ion battery negative electrode material, and shows more excellent electrochemical performance and cycling stability compared with other high-entropy oxides prepared from transition metals with different proportions; in the preparation process, extra additives are not needed, operation is easy, the synthesis speed is high, the yield is high, element distribution is uniform, and the method has the advantages of being low in cost, high in efficiency and free of pollution and has the industrialization prospect.

An article for joule heating is described, including a three-dimensional substrate on and / or in which a pyrolyzate of a phenolic resin or polymer forms an electrically conductive carbon network. Such articles may be incorporated in structured materials applications, which may include support, sorbent, and or catalyst components. Also described are methods of fabricating such articles and structured materials, and apparatus comprising same, and methods of use of such articles and structured materials and apparatus for conducting material transformation processes requiring input of heat for their performance, such as CO2 adsorption, methane pyrolysis for hydrogen and carbon production, hydrogen-assisted conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons, including catalytic conversion of CO2 to olefins, catalytic conversion of CO2 to propane (liquefied petroleum gas), and catalytic conversion of CO2 to renewable natural gas, reverse water gas shift reaction, steam ethane cracking, propane cracking, steam methane reforming, and dry methane reforming.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an iron-nickel-molybdenum-based electrocatalyst through combination of electrodeposition and rapid Joule heat and application of the method. The method comprises the steps that S1, a porous nickel substrate is pretreated, and the pretreated porous nickel substrate is obtained; s2, obtaining a nickel salt solution, a molybdenum salt solution and a ferric salt solution; s3, obtaining a mixed solution; s4, putting the mixed solution serving as electrolyte into a dual-electrode electrolytic tank, carrying out electro-deposition treatment by taking the pretreated porous nickel substrate as a cathode and an inert electrode as an anode, and washing and drying to obtain a Fe-Ni-Mo-LDH precursor; and S5, carrying out Joule thermal pyrolysis treatment on the Fe-Ni-Mo-LDH precursor, so as to obtain the iron-nickel-molybdenum based electrocatalyst. The preparation method can effectively regulate and control the size structure of the catalyst, and is suitable for preparing iron-nickel-molybdenum-based electrocatalysts with different substrates and different sizes; and the electrocatalyst has the advantages of uniform and stable nanostructure and high loading capacity. Meanwhile, the preparation method is short in reaction time, high in heating efficiency, high in repeatability and suitable for industrial large-scale production.

The invention discloses a method for preparing silicon carbide materials by using coal gasification slag, belonging to the field of solid waste recycling. The solution of the invention includes first pre-treating the coal gasification slag, then performing acid leaching, water washing, suction filtration and drying on the pre-treated coal gasification slag, and then performing Joule heating treatment. After calcination, silicon carbide is obtained; in the Joule heating treatment, the discharge voltage is set to 120V-150V, and the number of discharges is 1-5 times. By performing Joule heating treatment on the coal gasification slag, the reaction time of each Joule heating reaction is extremely short, greatly reducing the energy consumption, and sharply shortening the reaction time, solving the technical problem of high energy consumption caused by the long reaction time in the traditional carbothermal reduction for preparing silicon carbide materials in the prior art.

The present invention discloses a multifunctional and convenient reaction chamber for an electrically triggered Joule heating device and an operating method thereof, wherein the reaction chamber comprises a sealing cover and a base that are buckled together, wherein a first conductive fixing clamp and a second conductive fixing clamp are provided in parallel on the inner bottom plate of the base, wherein a sample fixing clamp is clamped and fixed between the first conductive fixing clamp and the second conductive fixing clamp, wherein electrodes are respectively mounted on both ends of a clamping plate on one side of the sample fixing clamp, and the electrodes at both ends are respectively in contact with and cooperate with the corresponding side clamps of the first conductive fixing clamp and the second conductive fixing clamp, wherein the sample is arranged between the clamping plates that are opposite to each other and the two ends of the sample are respectively in contact with and cooperate with the electrodes, and a cooling system is respectively provided on both sides of the sample fixing clamp. The present invention also discloses an operating method for a multifunctional and convenient reaction chamber for an electrically triggered Joule heating device. The present invention can achieve a higher precursor loading amount and a faster cooling speed, and can also meet the requirements of preparing a sample vacuum environment and a variety of reaction atmospheres.

The invention provides roll-to-roll continuous Joule heating equipment. The roll-to-roll continuous Joule heating equipment comprises a heating box, the base material releasing assembly is arranged at one end in the heating box; coating a protective cover; the coating assembly is mounted in the coating protective cover and comprises a coating guide roller set, a liquid guide inclined plate is arranged at a coating gap of the coating guide roller set, a swing driving part is mounted at the inner end of the top of the liquid guide inclined plate, a clamping part is mounted at the outer end of the top of the liquid guide inclined plate, and a storage part is mounted on the outer side of the liquid guide inclined plate; a plurality of groups of separators which are matched and butted with the clamping components are stored in the storage component; a liquid discharge gap is reserved between the storage part and the liquid guide inclined plate; a liquid receiving assembly; a liquid guide assembly; a Joule heating assembly; a spraying assembly; and a base material winding assembly. According to the invention, Joule heat is utilized to quickly dry the coating layer, so that continuous operation of releasing the base material, coating / spraying, heating and drying, and rolling is realized, the continuity of the heating process can be realized, and the experiment or production efficiency is greatly improved.

The object of the present disclosure is to provide a piezoelectric device and the like capable of suppressing temperature unevenness in a piezoelectric layer during polarization of the piezoelectric device. A piezoelectric device having a capacitor structure in which a first electrode layer having two first electrode terminals, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode layer are laminated in this order, wherein the first electrode layer is Joule-heated by a potential difference between the two first electrode terminals, and the piezoelectric layer is polarized by an electric field generated by a potential difference between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer while being heated by the Joule-heated first electrode layer.

The invention discloses an electric pulse and salt crystallization synergetic coal seam anti-reflection system and method, and the system comprises a salt solution preparation tank which is internally provided with a Na2SO4 saturated solution; one ends of the first high-pressure water injection pump and the second high-pressure water injection pump are respectively communicated with the salt solution preparation tank, and the other ends of the first high-pressure water injection pump and the second high-pressure water injection pump are respectively communicated with the negative electrode drill hole and the positive electrode drill hole through a first pipeline and a second pipeline; the positive electrode end of the electric pulse generating device is connected with a positive electrode, the positive electrode is arranged in the positive electrode drill hole, the negative electrode end of the electric pulse generating device is connected with a negative electrode, the negative electrode is arranged in the negative electrode drill hole, and the electric pulse generating device is configured to generate a large number of microfractures in the coal body by utilizing the electrogenerated shock wave and the Joule heating effect and drive the Na2SO4 saturated solution to diffuse towards the deep parts of the fractures; and the first cooling jet device and the second cooling jet device are respectively communicated with the negative electrode drill hole and the positive electrode drill hole and are configured to respectively inject a low-temperature medium into the negative electrode drill hole and the positive electrode drill hole.

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a method for removing heavy metal in garbage incineration fly ash based on a flash evaporation Joule heating technology, which comprises the following steps: step 1, uniformly mixing the garbage incineration fly ash with a conductive heat-assisting material to obtain a mixture; and 2, the mixture is subjected to flash evaporation Joule heating treatment and cooled, and waste incineration fly ash residues are obtained. According to the method, the flash evaporation Joule heating technology is applied to rapid removal of the heavy metal in the waste incineration fly ash, the fly ash and the conductive heat-assisting material are mixed, and the resistance of the fly ash is set to be smaller than or equal to 3 ohms, so that second-level high-temperature treatment is achieved, and form transformation and efficient volatilization of the heavy metal such as Pb, Zn and Cd are remarkably promoted. According to the technology, the electrical property of the mixture is regulated and controlled through low-voltage pulse pretreatment, and an efficient, low-consumption and green dry-type fly ash heavy metal treatment path is constructed in combination with accurately controlled flash evaporation voltage, time and frequency.

Flash Joule heating (FJH) for production of one-dimensional (1D) carbon and / or boron nitride nanomaterials, and 1D materials integrated with 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanomaterials, composites, nanostructures, networks, and mixtures thereof. Such materials produced by FJH include 1D carbon and hybrid nanomaterials, boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), turbostratic boron-carbon-nitrogen (BCN), doped (substituted) graphene, and heteroatom doped (substituted) re-flashed graphene.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a lignin hard carbon negative electrode material through Joule thermal flash evaporation, and belongs to the technical field of negative electrode material preparation. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) reacting lignin with alkali liquor, adding acid, washing with water, and drying to obtain dried lignin; (2) preheating the dried lignin in a tubular furnace to obtain a hard carbon precursor; and (3) putting the hard carbon precursor into a graphite mold, and carbonizing through Joule heat flash evaporation to obtain the lignin-based hard carbon negative electrode material. According to the method, rapid temperature rise is realized by Joule heating, and the method is short in reaction time and high in reaction temperature. Compared with a radiation cooling mode of a traditional high-temperature furnace, black-body radiation can release most heat within milliseconds. Under the action of an electric field, lignin is recombined and stacked into a vortex layer carbon layer, and a three-dimensional continuous carbon network is formed. The ultrafast method can relieve the carbon layer accumulation phenomenon in the lignin pyrolysis process.

Ultrafast flash evaporation joule heating synthesis methods and systems, more particularly, ultrafast synthesis methods for recovering metals from ores, fly ash, and bauxite residue (red mud).

The invention provides a preparation method of a Joule heat-assisted super-wetting metal net, a metal net with super-hydrophilic performance and a metal net with super-hydrophobic performance. According to the material, carbon nanotubes are firmly adhered to the surface of a metal net through polydopamine mediation to construct a micro-nano coarse structure, a hydrophobic alkyl compound is grafted through a sulfenyl three-component coupling reaction to reduce surface energy, and a super-hydrophilic / underwater super-oleophobic metal net and a super-hydrophobic metal net are prepared respectively. The Joule heating effect of the material is remarkably enhanced by introducing the carbon nanotubes, so that the temperature of the material can be rapidly increased to 100 DEG C or above within 20 seconds under the ultralow voltage of 2.0 V. The characteristic can be effectively used for in-situ heating viscosity reduction of high-viscosity crude oil, continuous and efficient oil-water separation is achieved in a double-channel separation device, the crude oil flux reaches up to about 3985 L.m <-2 >. H <-1 >, and the separation efficiency exceeds 98.6%. The method is also suitable for stainless steel meshes with micron-sized apertures, and can realize efficient separation of various crude oil emulsions.

The invention discloses a Joule heat heating-based YAG transparent ceramic rapid welding method, and belongs to the technical field of welding. According to the method, a Joule heat ultra-fast high-temperature heating method is utilized, and a glass solder is adopted for connecting YAG transparent ceramics, so that a joint with high strength and high light transmittance is obtained. The method specifically comprises the following steps: carrying out grinding and polishing treatment on the YAG ceramic surface; the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing oxide raw materials according to the composition of the glass material, uniformly mixing, and preparing glass powder by adopting a melting-water quenching method; preparing the glass powder into slurry, and uniformly coating the surface of the transparent YAG ceramic with the slurry; and placing in an ultra-fast high-temperature sintering furnace for connection. According to the Joule heat ultra-fast high-temperature connection YAG transparent ceramic, connection is completed within one minute through the fast heating and cooling process, a connector with high strength and high light transmittance is obtained, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-entropy layered oxide, which comprises the following steps: 1) weighing metal nitrate and an organic compound, adding deionized water, stirring and dispersing to form a uniform complex; 2) transferring the complex to Joule thermal equipment, and further performing Joule thermal reaction to obtain a high-entropy layered oxide precursor; 3) grinding and uniformly mixing the high-entropy layered oxide precursor prepared in the step 2), a sodium source and a lithium source to obtain solid powder; and 4) placing the solid powder in Joule thermal equipment for Joule thermal reaction to obtain the high-entropy layered oxide powder. According to the method, metal nitrate is adopted as an oxidizing agent, an organic compound is adopted as a reducing agent, a violent oxidation-reduction reaction occurs during Joule thermal reaction, a large amount of gas and heat are released, metal cations are rapidly diffused, and uniform high-entropy layered oxide is formed. The high-entropy layered oxide has relatively high specific surface area, good crystallinity and excellent electrical properties.

The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, and discloses an efficient leaching method for Joule thermal shock strengthened vanadium titano-magnetite. The Joule thermal shock strengthened vanadium-titanium resource efficient leaching comprises the steps that low-grade vanadium-titanium magnetite ore powder and a carbon source are mixed and then subjected to Joule thermal shock activation treatment, and an obtained activation product is leached through dilute acid or organic acid, so that valuable metal such as vanadium, titanium and iron can be efficiently leached out. Vanadium titano-magnetite and a small amount of carbon powder are subjected to Joule thermal shock, so that the valence state of metal ions is reduced, and the leaching activity of metal is improved. The Joule thermal shock strengthening low-grade vanadium titano-magnetite acid leaching method has the advantages of being high in activation efficiency, high in metal element leaching efficiency and the like.

The technology described herein is directed towards a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, in which metallic MEMS micro-actuators are integrated into unit cells of the RIS. Dual ring-shaped metallic cantilevers, resulting from unit cell fabrication, operate as electrothermal actuators in the unit cell's resonating pattern. A controlled voltage can be separately applied to each ring-shaped cantilever, deforming (bending up) each ring at its non-anchored (free) portion from its generally flat non-actuated state via joule heating. The amount of vertical displacement of the free portion of each ring when voltage is applied separately changes the structure of the unit cell's geometry based on each amount of applied voltage, whereby analog-like tuning of the unit cell's characteristics (including phase shift) is obtained. When combined with the voltage-controlled phase shifts of other unit cells of the RIS, beamforming of a reflected incoming electromagnetic wave is facilitated.

The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method for quickly and macroscopically synthesizing high-performance LiFe < 1-x > MnxPO4. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing Li3PO4, Fe3 (PO4) 2.8 H2O and Mn3 (PO4) 2.3 H2O precursors with uniform sizes by using a micro-channel reactor, mixing and drying the precursors and a carbon source to obtain mixed powder, carrying out high-temperature solid-phase treatment on the mixed powder by using a Joule heating technology, and directly heating reactants by using current to promote the growth of LiFe1-xMnxPO4 crystals, thereby finally synthesizing the high-performance LiFe1-xMnxPO4. According to the method, the precursor is synthesized by using the micro-channel reactor, a uniform supersaturated environment can be provided for precursor particle nucleation through micro-mixing, and particles with uniform particle size distribution can be more favorably generated; meanwhile, Joule heating is adopted, so that the reaction efficiency is improved, and the electrochemical performance of LiFe < 1-x > MnxPO4 is also improved.

Methods and systems for recovering and reusing conductive additives for flash Joule heating. The conductive additive or flash Joule heated material utilized, such as electronic waste, ore, fly ash, soil, and / or bauxite slag, may be recovered at high recovery yields higher than 85%, and then may be reused for additional flash Joule heating processes. The conductive additive may be separated from the product of the flash Joule heating process, such as by screening or by centrifugation, filtration, and drying.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a tungsten trioxide low-platinum electrocatalyst with a core-shell structure through pulse Joule heating, and belongs to the field of electrochemical catalysts for electrolysis of water. The invention aims to solve the problems that controllable amorphization is difficult to realize on the WO3 surface and a crystal nucleus-amorphous shell composite structure cannot be effectively constructed in the prior art. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a tungsten trioxide carrier with a core-shell structure; and 2, loading a platinum source. The method is used for preparing the tungsten trioxide low-platinum electrocatalyst with the core-shell structure through pulse Joule heating.

This invention discloses a core-shell structured lithium-rich manganese-based cathode material with the general formula Li. 1+a Mn x Co y Ni z O 2‑b‑d (XO c ) b X d It has a core-shell structure, with the core being a disordered polyanion-doped lithium-rich manganese-based material, Li. 1+a Mn x Co y Ni z O 2‑b (XO c ) b The outer shell is made of lithium-rich manganese-based material Li, which is doped with gradient non-metallic ions. 1+ a Mn x Co y Ni z O 2‑d X d This application also provides a method for preparing a core-shell structured lithium-rich manganese-based cathode material. The method employs a combination of rapid Joule heating and surface plasma cleaning to prepare the aforementioned core-shell structured lithium-rich manganese-based cathode material, achieving a bulk disordered structure design with polyanion doping and a core-shell structure with surface gradient non-metallic ion doping. Specifically, the bulk polyanions can immobilize transition metal elements to suppress their migration to the lithium layer, reducing harmful consumption of active sites and stabilizing the crystal structure. Furthermore, the strong bond energy between the surface non-metallic elements and the transition metal elements can suppress transition metal dissolution during cycling, reducing irreversible oxygen oxidation and inhibiting harmful phase transitions.

The invention discloses a Joule hot ammonia decomposition hydrogen production reactor applied to a mobile end in the technical field of ammonia decomposition hydrogen production. The Joule hot ammonia decomposition hydrogen production reactor comprises an inlet end cover, a shell, an insulating seat, an ammonia gas inlet, an outlet end cover, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a decomposed gas outlet, a conductive overline, a reaction channel, an ammonia gas inlet cavity, a supporting plate, a tube plate, a decomposed gas outlet cavity and an alloy carrier support. Heat is directly supplied to the ammonia decomposition reaction in the mode that the conductive alloy carrier is electrified to generate Joule heat, the heat transfer process is reduced to the maximum extent, the temperature of a catalyst bed can be rapidly increased, energy loss and starting time are reduced, and the device has the advantages of being rapid in response, simple in structure, high in hydrogen production rate per unit volume and the like.

The invention discloses an alginate-based high-entropy metal oxide as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of gas sensor materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a high-entropy metal salt solution of at least five metal sources with an alginate solution to prepare alginate-based high-entropy metal aerogel, and then wrapping the alginate-based high-entropy metal aerogel with carbon cloth and rapidly heating the alginate-based high-entropy metal aerogel by using a Joule thermal method to obtain the nanosheet-shaped alginate-based high-entropy metal oxide. The material can be used for high-sensitivity detection of ethanol gas. The preparation method provided by the invention is green, simple and rapid, has a good sensing response effect in ethanol gas detection, and the sensing material has good stability, can be recycled for multiple times, and has a good application prospect.

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of electrode materials, and relates to a preparation method of a silicon-carbon electrode material, the silicon-carbon electrode material and application of the silicon-carbon electrode material. The invention provides a method for preparing a silicon-carbon electrode material. The method comprises the following steps: S1, cutting, crushing and screening a retired fan blade to obtain blade powder; s2, the leaf powder is subjected to acid pickling, filtering, washing and drying, and purified leaf powder is obtained; s3, pyrolyzing the purified leaf powder to obtain leaf pyrolytic carbon powder; s4, performing vacuum Joule heating on the blade pyrolytic carbon powder to obtain a solid product; s5, the solid product is subjected to ball milling and screening treatment, a silicon-carbon electrode material is prepared, specific Joule heating temperature, time and the like are selected, a silicon source and a carbon source in the retired fan blade are recovered and converted into the silicon-carbon electrode material, a recovered product with a high additional value is obtained, the resource value is increased, the whole process is simple, convenient and efficient, and the method is suitable for industrial production. Good application prospects are realized.

The technology described herein is directed towards a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, in which MEMS micro-actuators are integrated into unit cells of the RIS. A ring-shaped cantilever, resulting from unit cell fabrication, operates as an electrothermal actuator in the unit cell's resonating pattern. A controlled voltage is applied to the ring-shaped cantilever, deforming (bending up) the metal (e.g., aluminum) ring at its non-anchored (free) portion from its relatively straight non-actuated state via joule heating. The amount of vertical displacement of the free portion of the ring when voltage is applied changes the structure of the unit cell's geometry based on the amount of voltage, whereby analog-like tuning of the unit cell's characteristics (including phase shift) is obtained. When combined with the voltage-controlled phase shifts of other unit cells of the RIS, beamforming of a reflected incoming electromagnetic wave is achieved.

The invention provides a post-manufacturing correction method based on a chalcogenide phase change material, and belongs to the field of optical communication. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, taking the surface of a silicon photonic device as a substrate layer, depositing a monocrystalline silicon material on the substrate layer, and etching a groove structure on the monocrystalline silicon material to form a silicon waveguide; secondly, sequentially depositing a chalcogenide phase change material film, an isolation layer, a resistance heating layer, an adhesion layer and a metal electrode layer on the silicon waveguide; and finally, an electric pulse is applied to the resistance heating layer to generate Joule heating, the refractive index of the chalcogenide phase change material film above the silicon waveguide is finely adjusted, the effective refractive index of the waveguide is changed, the phase of an optical signal is modulated, and the phase adjustment range is 0-pi. The phase correction mode has the characteristics of low insertion loss, high correction precision and multi-stage finishing, is simple in structure, can reduce the production cost, is suitable for CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor) integration, is easy to match with a modern semiconductor process production line, and is suitable for industrial production and productization.

The invention belongs to the field of new energy nano material technology and water electrolysis hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a vacancy-rich Ru / RuSex heterostructure electrocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application of the vacancy-rich Ru / RuSex heterostructure electrocatalyst. The electrocatalyst is composed of a cubic phase RuSe2 matrix rich in selenium vacancy and metal Ru nano-particles which are uniformly distributed and stably anchored on the surface of RuSe2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing precursor RuSe2 powder by a hydrothermal method, and carrying out Joule heating treatment on the RuSe2 powder in an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere environment to obtain the vacancy-rich Ru / RuSex heterostructure electrocatalyst. The catalyst disclosed by the invention shows excellent hydrogen evolution performance under alkaline water and alkaline seawater conditions, and overpotentials of only 21 mV and 26 mV under the current density of 10 mA. Cm <-2 > are respectively realized; and the battery can stably run for 400 hours under the current density of 800mA. Cm <-2 >.

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal control of spacecrafts, and discloses a satellite battery phase change thermal control system based on Joule thermal effect and high-orientation heat conduction framework cooperative regulation, and the system is characterized in that a resistance heating unit, a high-orientation graphene heat conduction framework and a composite phase change material are tightly coupled; and bidirectional temperature adjustment of the spaceflight lithium ion battery in an extreme temperature environment is realized. When the battery needs to be heated at low temperature, the resistance wire is electrified to generate heat, the heat is quickly and uniformly diffused by virtue of ultrahigh thermal conductivity in the oriented graphene film surface, and a heating network is constructed; when heat dissipation is needed at high temperature, the composite phase change material absorbs heat and stores energy through solid-liquid phase change, and the high-orientation heat conduction framework guides heat to be directionally conducted to the water cooling plates on the two sides, so that a heat dissipation channel is formed. By means of the synergistic effect of electric-heat conversion and directional heat conduction, rapid uniform-temperature heating and directional dredging heat dissipation of the battery are achieved, the problem that a traditional aviation lithium battery is low in heat management efficiency is solved, and the temperature adaptability and working stability of a battery system are improved.

The embodiments disclosed herein relate to methods and systems for efficient Joule heating of powder materials, and in particular, Joule heating of a powder feedstock that is mixed while the powder is Joule heated. The methods and systems apply to powder materials comprising carbon, silicon-material powders, and plastic powders. The Joule heating of this invention can control the degree of carbon graphitization, the degree of silicon-material crystallization, and the carbonization of plastics and polymers.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon-coated cobalt-cerium composite material by using rapid Joule heat, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials and hydrogen production by electrolyzing water. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a cobalt source and a cerium source in a solvent to obtain a mixed metal salt precursor solution, and then uniformly dipping or dropwise adding the mixed metal salt precursor solution onto a cellulose-based porous carbon source precursor to obtain a supported precursor; and finally, placing the load type precursor at two ends of an electrode of a Joule thermal reaction device, and under a vacuum condition, applying instantaneous current to carry out Joule thermal shock treatment so as to prepare the CoCe-C composite material. The preparation process is extremely simple, the energy consumption is extremely low, expensive precious metal and complex equipment are not needed, the obtained CoCe-C material serves as an anode catalyst to be applied to a hydrazine oxidation auxiliary water electrolysis system, the excellent catalytic activity and stability are shown, the voltage of an electrolytic bath can be remarkably reduced, low-energy-consumption, efficient and safe hydrogen production is achieved, and the method is suitable for industrial production. Wide industrial application prospects are realized.