The invention discloses a method for obtaining high-performance polyaniline base thermoelectric materials. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing polyaniline powder with ammonia water solution, carrying out stir, filter and drying, and obtaining eigen-state polyaniline, (2) mixing the polyaniline with sulfonic acid, carrying out grind, and obtaining polyaniline doped with the sulfonic acid, (3) dissolving the polyaniline doped with the sulfonic acid in phenol solvent, carrying out stirr, and obtaining polyaniline solution, and (4) adding nanocarbon materials in the polyaniline solution, carrying out stir in a full mode, removing the phenol solvent, and obtaining the high-performance polyaniline base thermoelectric materials. According to the method for obtaining the high-performance polyaniline base thermoelectric materials, the order degree of polyaniline molecular chain arrangement is firstly improved through interaction of the phenol solvent and polyaniline molecules, then through composition with the nano carbon composite materials, the order degree of the polyaniline molecular chain arrangement is further enhanced, and the high-performance polyaniline base thermoelectric materials are obtained. Therefore, ZT values of the polyaniline base thermoelectric materials and ZT values of block-shaped materials can be respectively improved by 0.5 and 0.05.