Activated carbon grading carbonization device
By using a staged carbonization device to heat medium and small particles with the waste heat from the carbonization of large particles, the problem of energy waste in existing carbonization devices is solved, and a highly efficient and stable carbonization process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing carbonization equipment cannot effectively utilize the waste heat from carbonization of materials with different particle sizes, resulting in energy waste.
Design an activated carbon graded carbonization device, which processes materials of different particle sizes through three carbonization mechanisms. The waste heat from the carbonization of large particles is used to heat medium and small particles. A heating buffer chamber is used to smooth temperature fluctuations, and the gas outlet pipe is directed to the top of the carbonization cylinder to improve the waste heat utilization rate.
Simultaneous staged carbonization was achieved, which improved energy utilization, reduced energy consumption for medium and small particle carbonization, and improved the stability and efficiency of the carbonization process.
Smart Images
Figure CN224105772U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to activated carbon processing technical field, concretely relates to a kind of activated carbon grading carbonization device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Biochar is a kind of generalized adsorbent covering multiple fields, and its raw materials are various, wherein, the trees damaged after typhoon can be converted into various fine adsorbents, first, the initial state sawdust is made by multiple times of crushing by large crusher, then fine screening is carried out by three different mesh screens, and the screened sawdust particles are carbonized at different temperatures and times according to requirements, so that activated carbon with high performance can be obtained. Generally speaking, smaller particles require lower carbonization temperature and shorter time, and larger particles require higher carbonization temperature and longer time.
[0003] At present, the carbonization device basically carbonizes materials with different particle sizes in batches, which leads to waste of energy. According to the characteristics that smaller particles require lower carbonization temperature, a corresponding carbonization device can be designed to utilize the waste heat discharged during the carbonization of large particle materials to simultaneously carbonize small particle materials, so as to improve energy utilization.
[0004] Therefore, a kind of activated carbon grading carbonization device is designed, which utilizes the waste heat discharged during the carbonization of large particle materials to simultaneously carbonize small particle materials by reasonable structure layout, realizes simultaneous grading carbonization, and improves energy utilization. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL
[0005] The utility model aims to provide a kind of activated carbon grading carbonization device to solve the problems described in the background art.
[0006] The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:
[0007] The application discloses an active carbon grading carbonization device, which comprises first, second and third carbonization mechanisms, wherein each of the first to third carbonization mechanisms comprises a carbonization cylinder which is rotatably arranged on a roller supporting part, a driving part for driving the carbonization cylinder to rotate, and a controller; the front end of the carbonization cylinder is provided with a feeding port and is rotatably connected with a feeder; the rear end of the carbonization cylinder is provided with a discharging port and is rotatably connected with a discharging cover; the rear end of the carbonization cylinder is further connected with a flue gas pipe, one end of the flue gas pipe is rotatably arranged out of the discharging cover, the inner wall of the carbonization cylinder is provided with a spiral blade for pushing materials; the carbonization mechanism further comprises a fixedly arranged heating cover, the middle part of the carbonization cylinder is arranged in the heating cover, the carbonization cylinder is rotatably arranged in the cover wall of the heating cover; the side wall of the heating cover is provided with a burner for heating the bottom of the carbonization cylinder; the top of the heating cover is provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes; the heating cover is further provided with a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor, the driving part and the burner are electrically connected with the controller; the heating cover of the second carbonization mechanism and the third carbonization mechanism is further provided with a warming buffer bin, the warming buffer bin is arranged below the burner, the top of the warming buffer bin is connected with an exhaust pipe, the top of the exhaust pipe extends into the heating cover above the carbonization cylinder, the exhaust pipe of the first carbonization mechanism is connected into the warming buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism, and the exhaust pipe of the second carbonization mechanism is connected into the warming buffer bin of the third carbonization mechanism.
[0008] When the above scheme is used, the first carbonization mechanism is used for carbonizing large-particle materials, the second carbonization mechanism is used for carbonizing medium-particle materials, and the third carbonization mechanism is used for carbonizing small-particle materials; when carbonization is performed, the burner of the first carbonization mechanism sprays flame to heat the bottom of the carbonization cylinder, the hot air in the heating cover of the first carbonization mechanism is discharged from the exhaust pipe into the warming buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism, the hot air first heats the warming buffer bin, the warming buffer bin radiates heat to the heating cover of the second carbonization mechanism, and the heat provided by the burner of the second carbonization mechanism is combined to achieve the required heat of the second carbonization mechanism; the hot air in the warming buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism is directly discharged into the heating cover above the carbonization cylinder through the exhaust pipe and enters the third carbonization mechanism from the exhaust pipe of the heating cover of the second carbonization mechanism; the working principle of the hot air in the second carbonization mechanism entering the heating cover of the third carbonization mechanism is the same as that of the hot air in the first carbonization mechanism entering the heating cover of the second carbonization mechanism, and thus is not repeated.
[0009] By arranging the three carbonization mechanisms, three kinds of materials with different particle sizes can be simultaneously carbonized, the high-temperature air discharged from the first carbonization mechanism is used to heat the second carbonization mechanism, the high-temperature air discharged from the second carbonization mechanism is used to heat the third carbonization mechanism, and the stepwise descending characteristics of the hot air for carbonizing different materials are used to reduce the carbonization energy consumption rate of the second carbonization mechanism and the third carbonization mechanism.
[0010] By setting the heating buffer bin, the effect of gently fluctuating the temperature of the residual heat air is achieved, and the situation that the carbonization temperature of the second carbonization mechanism and the third carbonization mechanism is unstable due to the sudden fluctuation of the temperature of the residual heat air is avoided. Meanwhile, by setting the cooperation of the air outlet pipe, the residual heat air discharged from the heating buffer bin is guided to the upper part of the carbonization cylinder, and the residual heat air is avoided from directly acting on the carbonization cylinder, and the stability of the residual heat utilization is further improved.
[0011] Further technical solutions are that the heating buffer bin comprises a grid frame arranged below the burner, the grid frame is covered with firebricks, the bottom of the heating cover and the side wall of the heating cover below the grid frame are covered with firebricks, the bottom of the air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the grid frame, and the firebricks above the grid frame are laid to leave air outlets for the air outlet pipe to pass through.
[0012] When the above scheme is used, by arranging the firebricks, the residual heat air at the front end is heated to the firebricks first, and heat conduction and heat buffering are realized through the firebricks.
[0013] Further technical solutions are that the first carbonization mechanism, the second carbonization mechanism and the third carbonization mechanism are arranged from bottom to top, the first carbonization mechanism and the second carbonization mechanism are each fixedly provided with a shelf plate above, the second carbonization mechanism is arranged on the shelf plate above the first carbonization mechanism, the third carbonization mechanism is arranged on the shelf plate above the second carbonization mechanism, the exhaust pipe of the first carbonization mechanism passes through the shelf plate above the first carbonization mechanism and enters the heating buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism from the bottom of the heating cover of the second carbonization mechanism, and the exhaust pipe of the second carbonization mechanism passes through the shelf plate above the second carbonization mechanism and enters the heating buffer bin of the third carbonization mechanism from the bottom of the heating cover of the third carbonization mechanism.
[0014] When the above scheme is used, by arranging the upper and lower structures, the effect of the rising of the hot air is utilized, and the flow efficiency of the residual heat air is improved.
[0015] Further technical solutions are that the driving component comprises a driven wheel fixedly sleeved on the carbonization cylinder, and further comprises a motor, a gearbox and a driving wheel, the output shaft of the motor is drivingly connected to the input end of the gearbox, the output end of the gearbox is drivingly connected to the driving wheel, and the driving wheel is drivingly connected to the driven wheel.
[0016] Further technical solutions are that a circular ring wheel is further fixedly sleeved outside the carbonization cylinder, and the circular ring wheel is rollingly connected to the roller supporting component.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model lie in:
[0018] 1. Efficient parallel processing: by arranging three carbonization mechanisms, three different particle sizes of materials can be carbonized at the same time, and the processing efficiency is improved.
[0019] 2. Energy saving: the hot air discharged by the first carbonization mechanism is used to heat the second carbonization mechanism, and the hot air discharged by the second carbonization mechanism is used to heat the third carbonization mechanism, thereby reducing the energy consumption rate of the second and third carbonization mechanisms through step-by-step utilization of hot air.
[0020] 3. Temperature stability: the heating buffer bin is arranged to gently fluctuate the temperature of the residual hot air, avoid the unstable carbonization temperature caused by sudden temperature change, and improve the stability of the carbonization process.
[0021] 4. Residual heat utilization optimization: through the design of the air outlet pipe, the residual hot air is guided to the upper part of the carbonization cylinder to avoid direct action on the carbonization cylinder, thereby further improving the stability and efficiency of residual heat utilization.
[0022] 5. Structural advantage: the upper and lower structure arrangement is adopted to utilize the natural characteristics of hot air rising, improve the circulation efficiency of residual hot air, and make the entire carbonization process more efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Fig. 1 It is a general schematic view of the utility model;
[0024] Fig. 2 It is a plan view of the heating buffer bin.
[0025] In the figure, 1, heating cover, 2, burner, 3, carbonization cylinder, 4, feeder, 5, spiral blade, 6, flue gas pipe, 7, discharge port, 8, discharge cover, 9, exhaust pipe, 10, shelf plate, 11, grid frame, 12, refractory brick, 13, air outlet, 14, air outlet pipe, 15, temperature sensor, 16, driven wheel, 17, circular ring wheel, 18, motor, 19, gearbox, 20, driving wheel, 21, roller support part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to better understand the technical content of the utility model, specific embodiments are provided below, and the utility model is further described in combination with the drawings.
[0027] Referring to Figs. 1-2 An active carbon grading carbonization device, comprising a first carbonization mechanism, a second carbonization mechanism and a third carbonization mechanism.
[0028] The first to third carbonization mechanisms each comprise a carbonization cylinder 3 rotatably installed on a roller support part 21, further comprise a driving part for driving the carbonization cylinder 3 to rotate, and further comprise a controller.
[0029] Specifically, the carbonization cylinder 3 is further fixedly sleeved with a circular ring wheel 17, and the circular ring wheel 17 is in rolling connection with the roller support part 21.
[0030] Specifically, the driving component includes a driven wheel 16 fixedly sleeved on the carbonization cylinder 3, and further includes a motor 18, a gearbox 19 and a driving wheel 20, an output shaft of the motor 18 is drivingly connected with an input end of the gearbox 19, an output end of the gearbox 19 is drivingly connected with the driving wheel 20, and the driving wheel 20 is drivingly connected with the driven wheel 16.
[0031] Specifically, the controller adopts an STM32 single-chip microcomputer or a SMART200 PLC controller.
[0032] It should be particularly pointed out that the rotary carbonization cylinder 3 is a technical scheme that has been generally used in the prior art, the roller support component 21 is a commonly used part, and the connecting structure of the circular ring wheel 17 and the roller support component 21 is also a commonly used connecting structure, so that the detailed structure of the roller support component 21 will not be described here, and a person skilled in the art can use the roller support component 21 in the prior art to realize the rotary installation of the carbonization cylinder 3 in the present scheme.
[0033] The front end of the carbonization cylinder 3 is provided with a feeding port and is rotatably connected with a feeder 4, the rear end of the carbonization cylinder 3 is provided with a discharging port 7 and is rotatably connected with a discharging cover 8, the rear end of the carbonization cylinder 3 is further connected with a flue gas pipe 6, one end of the flue gas pipe 6 rotatably penetrates out of the discharging cover 8, and the inner wall of the carbonization cylinder 3 is provided with a spiral blade 5 for pushing materials.
[0034] It should be particularly pointed out that the feeder 4 is a commonly used feeder 4 in the prior art, and its main function is to provide materials for the carbonization cylinder 3 and prevent the backflow of flue gas, so that the specific structure of the feeder 4 will not be described here, and a person skilled in the art can use the feeder 4 in the prior art for assembly.
[0035] It should be particularly pointed out that the rear end of the carbonization cylinder 3 is provided with the discharging port 7 and is matched with the discharging cover 8, which is a commonly used technical means of the rotary carbonization furnace in the prior art, and its main function is that, during the rotation of the carbonization cylinder 3, the activated carbon is discharged from the discharging port 7 and then is discharged after entering the discharging cover 8, and the discharging cover 8 can prevent the escape of flue gas, so that the specific structure of the discharging cover 8 will not be described here, and a person skilled in the art can use the cooperation technology of the discharging cover 8 and the discharging port 7 of the carbonization cylinder 3 in the prior art to realize the function in the present disclosure.
[0036] The carbonization mechanism further includes a fixedly arranged heating cover 1, the middle part of the carbonization cylinder 3 is arranged in the heating cover 1, the carbonization cylinder 3 rotatably penetrates the cover wall of the heating cover 1, and the side wall of the heating cover 1 is provided with a burner 2 for heating the bottom part of the carbonization cylinder 3.
[0037] It should be particularly pointed out that the burner 2 is a component commonly used in the external heating of the rotary carbonization furnace in the prior art, and the main function is to introduce combustible gas and air into the burner 2, mix them, and then spray them into the heating cover 1 for ignition. The structure of the burner 2 is relatively complex, and will not be described here. Those skilled in the art can use the burner 2 which has been maturely used in the prior art to achieve the function in the present disclosure.
[0038] The heating cover 1 is provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes 9, and a temperature sensor 15 is further arranged in the heating cover 1. The temperature sensor 15, the driving component, and the burner 2 are electrically connected with the controller.
[0039] The heating cover 1 of the second and third carbonization mechanisms is further provided with a warming buffer bin, which is arranged below the burner 2. The warming buffer bin is connected with an air outlet pipe 14 at the top thereof, and the air outlet pipe 14 extends to the heating cover 1 above the carbonization cylinder 3. The exhaust pipe 9 of the first carbonization mechanism is connected to the warming buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism, and the exhaust pipe 9 of the second carbonization mechanism is connected to the warming buffer bin of the third carbonization mechanism.
[0040] Specifically, the warming buffer bin comprises a grid frame 11 arranged below the burner 2. The grid frame 11 is a steel frame welded to the side wall of the heating cover 1. A plurality of firebricks 12 are arranged on the grid frame 11. The bottom and the side wall of the heating cover 1 below the grid frame 11 are both paved with the firebricks 12. The bottom of the air outlet pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the grid frame 11. When the firebricks 12 above the grid frame 11 are arranged, the air outlet 13 for the air outlet pipe 14 to pass through is left.
[0041] Preferably, the firebricks 12 are high-aluminum firebricks 12.
[0042] Preferably, the first, second, and third carbonization mechanisms are arranged from bottom to top. The first and second carbonization mechanisms are both fixedly provided with a shelf plate 10 above. The second carbonization mechanism is arranged on the shelf plate 10 above the first carbonization mechanism. The third carbonization mechanism is arranged on the shelf plate 10 above the second carbonization mechanism. The exhaust pipe 9 of the first carbonization mechanism passes through the shelf plate 10 above the first carbonization mechanism and enters the warming buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism from the bottom of the heating cover 1 of the second carbonization mechanism. The exhaust pipe 9 of the second carbonization mechanism passes through the shelf plate 10 above the second carbonization mechanism and enters the warming buffer bin of the third carbonization mechanism from the bottom of the heating cover 1 of the third carbonization mechanism.
[0043] Preferably, the three carbonization mechanisms are arranged in a building with three floors. The shelf plate 10 is a building floor.
[0044] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An apparatus for fractionally carbonizing activated carbon, characterized by: The first carbonization mechanism, the second carbonization mechanism and the third carbonization mechanism each comprise a carbonization cylinder rotatably mounted on a roller support member, a driving member for driving the carbonization cylinder to rotate, and a controller, the front end of the carbonization cylinder is provided with a feeding port and rotatably connected with a feeder, the rear end of the carbonization cylinder is provided with a discharging port and rotatably connected with a discharging cover, the rear end of the carbonization cylinder is further connected with a flue gas pipe, the other end of the flue gas pipe rotatably penetrates through the discharging cover, the inner wall of the carbonization cylinder is provided with a spiral blade for pushing material, the carbonization mechanism further comprises a fixedly arranged heating cover, the middle part of the carbonization cylinder is arranged in the heating cover, the carbonization cylinder rotatably penetrates through the cover wall of the heating cover, the side wall of the heating cover is provided with a burner for heating the bottom of the carbonization cylinder, the top of the heating cover is provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes, the heating cover is further provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor, the driving member and the burner are electrically connected with the controller, the heating cover of the second carbonization mechanism and the third carbonization mechanism is further provided with a warming buffer bin, the warming buffer bin is arranged below the burner, the top of the warming buffer bin is connected with an exhaust pipe, the top of the exhaust pipe extends into the heating cover above the carbonization cylinder, the exhaust pipe of the first carbonization mechanism is connected into the warming buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism, the exhaust pipe of the second carbonization mechanism is connected into the warming buffer bin of the third carbonization mechanism.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The warming buffer bin comprises a grid frame arranged below the burner, the grid frame is covered with firebricks above, the bottom of the heating cover below the grid frame and the side wall of the heating cover are both covered with firebricks, the bottom of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected on the grid frame, and the firebricks above the grid frame are laid with exhaust ports left for the exhaust pipe to penetrate in.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The first carbonization mechanism, the second carbonization mechanism and the third carbonization mechanism are arranged from bottom to top, the first carbonization mechanism and the second carbonization mechanism are each fixedly provided with a shelf plate above, the second carbonization mechanism is arranged on the shelf plate above the first carbonization mechanism, the third carbonization mechanism is arranged on the shelf plate above the second carbonization mechanism, the exhaust pipe of the first carbonization mechanism penetrates through the shelf plate above the first carbonization mechanism and enters the warming buffer bin of the second carbonization mechanism from the bottom of the heating cover of the second carbonization mechanism, the exhaust pipe of the second carbonization mechanism penetrates through the shelf plate above the second carbonization mechanism and enters the warming buffer bin of the third carbonization mechanism from the bottom of the heating cover of the third carbonization mechanism.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The driving member comprises a driven wheel fixedly sleeved on the carbonization cylinder, a motor, a gearbox and a driving wheel, the output shaft of the motor is drivingly connected with the input end of the gearbox, the output end of the gearbox is drivingly connected with the driving wheel, and the driving wheel is drivingly connected with the driven wheel.
5. A device for fractionally carbonizing activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A circular ring wheel is further fixedly sleeved outside the carbonization cylinder, and the circular ring wheel is rollingly connected with the roller support member.