Anti-loose locking structure with combination of toothed disc-shaped gasket and elastic buffering sleeve

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-loose locking structure combined by a toothed disc-shaped gasket and an elastic buffering sleeve, the toothed disc-shaped gasket and the elastic buffering sleeve are both provided with coaxial middle holes through which a connecting bolt penetrates, and an annular limiting structure for limiting the toothed disc-shaped gasket and the elastic buffering sleeve in the circumferential direction is arranged between the toothed disc-shaped gasket and the elastic buffering sleeve; the toothed disc-shaped gasket can make contact with the connecting bolt in a pressing mode, and an anti-torsion structure matched with a connecting piece to be connected is further arranged on the elastic buffering sleeve. According to the anti-loosening locking structure, circumferential rotation limiting of the toothed disc-shaped gasket and the elastic buffering sleeve can be achieved through the annular limiting structure, the anti-twisting (circumferential rotation) effect of the elastic buffering sleeve and a to-be-connected connecting piece is further achieved through the anti-twisting structure, and then the anti-loosening locking structure is fixed through the connecting piece; the locking device can achieve the anti-loose locking effect on the connecting bolt, and has good performance in the aspects of simple structure, locking reliability and the like compared with existing multiple locking modes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of bolt connection, in particular to a locking structure of a toothed disc washer combined with an elastic buffer sleeve. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the most common connection mode in mechanical structures, the locking reliability of bolt connection is crucial to the safety and stability of equipment. Its main advantages include simple structure, low cost, convenient assembly and disassembly, and strong adaptability, which can meet the needs of various working conditions.

[0003] At present, on the basis of conventional bolt connection (including bolts and matching nuts), in order to further enhance the locking effect and avoid the problem that the bolt connection is prone to loosening due to environmental factors, the current locking methods also include mechanical locking, friction locking and adhesive locking. Among them, mechanical locking (such as lock washer, double nut and self-locking nut) has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and disassembly and reusability, but the anti-loosening effect is limited in high vibration and high impact working conditions; friction locking achieves locking by increasing the friction force of the contact surface, such as using a lock coating or high-friction material, which has the advantages of vibration resistance and adaptability to various working conditions, but has high requirements for assembly accuracy and later maintenance; adhesive locking solidifies threaded connection by applying adhesive, which is suitable for extreme environments and high dynamic load, but it is difficult to assemble and disassemble and cannot be reused.

[0004] In recent years, intelligent anti-loosening technology and innovative self-locking structure have gradually developed, such as real-time monitoring systems integrated with sensors or special thread designs. These methods have shown outstanding performance in improving locking reliability, extending service life and reducing maintenance costs, but their design complexity and cost may be higher, so it is necessary to design a simple structure with good locking effect for bolt connection. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the application aims to provide a locking structure of a toothed disc washer combined with an elastic buffer sleeve, which realizes the anti-loosening locking effect of the connecting bolt through the circumferential limiting structure and the anti-twist structure, and has better performance in terms of simple structure and locking reliability compared with the current various locking methods.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a locking structure of a toothed disc washer combined with an elastic buffer sleeve, characterized in that: the toothed disc washer and the elastic buffer sleeve both have a central hole coaxial with the connecting bolt, a circumferential limiting structure is arranged between the toothed disc washer and the elastic buffer sleeve to limit the two in the circumferential direction, the toothed disc washer can be in tight contact with the connecting bolt, and an anti-twist structure is further arranged on the elastic buffer sleeve to cooperate with the connecting piece to be connected.

[0007] Preferably, anti-skid protrusions are arranged on the surface of the toothed disc washer that is in contact with the connecting bolt.

[0008] Preferably, the circumferential limiting structure comprises first protrusions and first grooves that are arranged in sequence along the circumference on the surface of the elastic buffer sleeve that is in contact with the toothed disc washer.

[0009] Preferably, the first protrusions and the first grooves are both arranged in a direction that is inclined towards the rotating locking direction of the connecting bolt.

[0010] Preferably, the circumferential limiting structure comprises an embedded groove arranged on the surface of the elastic buffer sleeve that is in contact with the toothed disc washer, and second protrusions and second grooves that are arranged in sequence along the circumference on the inner wall of the embedded groove and the side circumferential surface of the toothed disc washer.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-twist structure comprises anti-twist protrusions that are arranged in sequence on the circumferential surface of the elastic buffer sleeve that is away from the toothed disc washer and that are matched with the connecting member.

[0012] The anti-loose locking structure of the present application can realize the circumferential rotation limiting of the toothed disc washer and the elastic buffer sleeve through the circumferential limiting structure, further realize the anti-twist (circumferential rotation) effect of the elastic buffer sleeve and the connecting member to be connected through the anti-twist structure, and then realize the anti-loose locking effect of the connecting bolt through the fixation of the connecting member. Compared with the current various locking methods, the present application has better performance in terms of simple structure, reliable locking, long service life and low maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The figure shows the combination structure of the toothed disc washer and the elastic buffer sleeve of the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0014] Figure 2 The figure shows the combination assembly connection of the toothed disc washer and the elastic buffer sleeve of the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0015] Figure 3 The figure shows the pressing effect of the toothed disc washer on the connecting bolt when the connecting bolt is loosened by external force in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0016] Figure 4 The figure shows the state change process of the toothed disc washer when the connecting bolt is tightened in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0017] Figure 5 The figure shows the combination structure of the toothed disc washer and the elastic buffer sleeve of the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0018] Figure 6 The figure shows the combination assembly connection of the toothed disc washer and the elastic buffer sleeve of the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0019] Figure 7 The application is applied to the connection structure between the iron pad and the sleeper in the fastener system of the rail transit system.

[0020] In the figure: 3-connection bolt; 4-nut; 5-connection piece A; 5a-anti-twist groove; 6-connection piece B; 7-iron pad; 8-nylon sleeve; 9-concrete sleeper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0022] Referring to the drawings Figures 1-7 The application is applied to the connection structure between the iron pad and the sleeper in the fastener system of the rail transit system. Figure 1 、 5 The toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 both have a coaxial middle hole a for penetrating the connection bolt, and in use, the connection bolt can be penetrated and sleeved in the middle hole a of the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2, so that the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 act on the connection bolt to realize the anti-loosening effect.

[0023] In order to specifically realize the anti-loosening effect on the connection bolt, a ring limiting structure is arranged between the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 to limit the circumferential rotation of the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2. The ring limiting structure first realizes the circumferential rotation limiting of the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2. The toothed disc washer 1 can be in tight contact with the connection bolt, and an anti-twist structure is further arranged on the elastic buffer sleeve 2 to cooperate with the to-be-connected connection piece. The anti-twist structure realizes the anti-twist (circumferential rotation) effect of the elastic buffer sleeve 2 and the to-be-connected connection piece, and the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 realize the circumferential rotation limiting through the ring limiting structure. Further, the toothed disc washer 1 can be in tight contact with the connection bolt, and the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 realize the indirect connection and rotation limiting (anti-loosening locking) of the connection bolt and the connection piece.

[0024] In order to increase the rotation limiting effect of the toothed disc washer 1 and the connection bolt after abutting, as shown in Figures 1-2 , 5-6, an anti-skid convex tooth 11 is arranged on the surface of the toothed disc washer 1 abutting the connection bolt. After the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 located between the connection bolt and the connection piece are pressed tightly through the rotation of the connection bolt and the connection of the connection piece, the anti-skid convex tooth 11 of the toothed disc washer 1 is pressed tightly and abuts on the inner side wall of the bolt head of the connection bolt, and the anti-skid convex tooth 11 can increase the rotation friction with the connection bolt, thereby effectively improving the anti-loosening limiting effect on the connection bolt.

[0025] Regarding the circumferential limiting structure between the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2, this application provides the following two implementation structures: Example

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the circumferential limiting structure consists of a first protruding tooth 1a and a first groove 2a arranged circumferentially at intervals on the abutting surfaces of the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2. The toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 are fitted onto the connecting bolt through their respective central holes a, and as shown... Figure 2 As shown, after fitting connector A and connector B, the nut 4 is tightened by engaging the connecting bolt 3, causing the toothed disc washer 1 and the elastic buffer sleeve 2 to press against each other, achieving a nested engagement of the first protrusion 1a and the first groove 2a. Simultaneously, the toothed disc washer 1 abuts against the helical head of the connecting bolt via the anti-slip protrusion 11. When the connecting bolt is subjected to external forces such as vibration, and rotates in the direction of loosening, the rotational friction between the bolt and the anti-slip protrusion 11 drives the toothed disc washer 1 to rotate. The rotation of the toothed disc washer 1 is restricted by the engagement of the first protrusion 1a and the first groove 2a, thus increasing the rotational resistance of the connecting bolt driving the toothed disc washer 1 through the anti-slip protrusion 11. Therefore, in this state, the bolt can be effectively locked to prevent loosening.

[0027] The aforementioned insertion and limiting of the first protrusion 1a and the first groove 2a achieves the anti-loosening and locking effect on the connecting bolts. To further enhance the anti-loosening and locking effect, such as... Figures 3-4 As shown, both the first protruding tooth 1a and the first groove 2a are inclined toward the direction of rotational locking of the connecting bolt. Under this inclined configuration, as... Figure 3 As shown, when the connecting bolt is loosened by external forces such as vibration, it will drive the toothed disc washer 1 to rotate in the opposite direction through contact friction with the anti-slip protrusion 11. When the toothed disc washer 1 rotates in the opposite direction, its first protrusion 1a and the first groove 2a of the elastic buffer sleeve 2 rotate circumferentially relative to each other. Because the first protrusion 1a and the first groove 2a are like... Figure 3 The directions shown are all inclined, so the first tooth 1a needs to rotate upward along the first groove 2a when rotating horizontally, that is, the toothed disc washer 1 needs to move towards the connecting bolt direction. Figure 3 As shown by the middle arrow c1), under this movement, the toothed disc washer 1 is further pressed against the inner side of the bolt head of the connecting bolt, thereby increasing the anti-slip friction between the anti-slip protrusion 11 and the connecting bolt, and further improving the anti-loosening and locking effect of the connecting bolt.

[0028] In the actual connection and assembly process, such as Figure 4As shown, during the tightening of the connecting bolts on the above-mentioned components, preferably, the bottom end of the first protrusion 1a and the top end of the first groove 2a are aligned and in contact. Figure 4 (As shown in the attached diagram on the left), the toothed disc washer 1 is circumferentially limited to prevent the first tooth 1a from being fully embedded in the first groove 2a during the tightening of the connecting bolt. Then the connecting bolt is rotated. After the connecting bolt comes into contact with the anti-slip protrusion 11, the circumferential limitation on the toothed disc washer 1 (first tooth 1a) is removed, allowing the first tooth 1a to rotate and embed into the first groove 2a under the drive of the connecting bolt on the toothed disc washer 1. The function achieved in this operation is as follows:

[0029] If the first protruding tooth 1a and the first groove 2a are fully engaged before tightening the connecting bolt, then after the connecting bolt abuts against the anti-slip protrusion 11, it is usually necessary to rotate the connecting bolt again (the rotation stroke is about half a turn to one turn, depending on the spacing between adjacent threads). That is, during the last half turn to one turn of tightening, the connecting bolt is always pressed against the anti-slip protrusion. As the tightening force of the connecting bolt continues to increase, the force against the anti-slip protrusion 11 increases synchronously. Since the connecting bolt is tightened spirally, the first protruding tooth 1a is limited by the engagement of the first groove 2a. As a result, during the final tightening process of the connecting bolt, the sliding friction and axial clamping force between the connecting bolt and the surface of the anti-slip protrusion 11 increase synchronously, which can easily cause wear on the anti-slip protrusion 11, reduce its height, and affect the anti-loosening and locking effect of the connecting bolt.

[0030] Therefore, in this embodiment 1, when performing the tightening operation of the connecting bolt, the bottom end of the first protrusion 1a and the top end of the first groove 2a are aligned and in contact, such as... Figure 4 As shown in the attached diagram on the left, the toothed disc washer 1 is circumferentially limited (e.g., if the toothed disc washer 1 is set as a polygon or butterfly structure, the operator can use this polygonal structure to achieve circumferential limitation of the toothed disc washer 1), preventing the first protruding tooth 1a from being completely embedded in the first groove 2a during the tightening of the connecting bolt. After the connecting bolt comes into contact with the anti-slip protrusion 11, the circumferential limitation on the toothed disc washer 1 (first protruding tooth 1a) is removed, allowing the first protruding tooth 1a to rotate and embed into the first groove 2a under the drive of the connecting bolt on the toothed disc washer 1. Figure 4 (As shown by the middle arrow c2), that is, during the last half turn to one turn of the connecting bolt's final tightening, the connecting bolt drives the toothed disc washer 1 to rotate synchronously through contact friction. Figure 4 As shown in the attached diagram on the right), the axial tightening of the connecting bolt and the insertion of the first protrusion 11 into the first groove 2a are carried out simultaneously, which can effectively solve the problem of large sliding and squeezing wear on the anti-slip protrusion caused by the connecting bolt during the final tightening process, and ensure the anti-loosening and locking effect of the anti-slip protrusion 11 and the connecting bolt. Example

[0031] As shown in Figures 5-6 , the circumferential limiting structure includes embedding groove b provided with embedded toothed disc washer 1 on the surface of elastic buffer sleeve 2, and second convex tooth 1b and second groove 2b provided on the inner wall of embedding groove b and the side circumferential surface of toothed disc washer 1 in sequence along the circumference. When assembling, toothed disc washer 1 is embedded into embedding groove b of elastic buffer sleeve 2, and is collectively sleeved on the connecting bolt, toothed disc washer 1 is pressed tightly on elastic buffer sleeve 2 through the cooperation of connecting bolt and nut, and the circumferential limiting of toothed disc washer 1 on elastic buffer sleeve 2 is realized through second convex tooth 1b and second groove 2b, when the connecting bolt is loosened by external force, toothed disc washer 1 is prevented from rotating together through the embedding of second convex tooth 1b and second groove 2b, and the rotation friction with the connecting bolt is increased through anti-skid convex 11, so as to achieve the anti-loosening locking effect on the connecting bolt.

[0032] In order to further limit the rotation of elastic buffer sleeve 2, as shown in Figure 1 , 5 , the anti-twisting structure is anti-twisting convex rib 21 provided on the circumferential surface of elastic buffer sleeve 2 away from toothed disc washer 1. Preferably, anti-twisting groove 5a is provided in the middle hole of connecting bolt on connecting member A (as shown in Figure 2 ), and the rotation of connecting member A is limited by the large friction contact surface of connecting member A and connecting member B after the connecting member A and the connecting member B are pressed and connected by the connecting bolt and the nut, and the rotation of elastic buffer sleeve 2 is limited by the cooperation of anti-twisting groove and anti-twisting convex rib 21, which can be applied in the above embodiments 1-2.

[0033] The anti-loosening locking structure of the present application can be applied to the connection structure of iron pad and sleeper in the fastener system of rail transit system as shown in Figure 7 , in which the iron pad is equivalent to the connecting member A of the present application, the concrete sleeper is equivalent to the connecting member B of the present application, and the nylon sleeve is equivalent to the nut. Under the influence of train vibration, the anti-loosening locking effect of the connecting bolt can be effectively realized.

[0034] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Various changes and improvements can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application.

Claims

1. A locking structure for preventing loosening, comprising a toothed disc washer and an elastic buffer sleeve, characterized in that: The toothed disc washer (1) and the elastic buffer sleeve (2) have a coaxial middle hole (a) through which a connecting bolt is arranged, the toothed disc washer (1) and the elastic buffer sleeve (2) are provided with a circumferential limiting structure limiting the two in the circumferential direction, the toothed disc washer (1) can be in pressure contact with the connecting bolt, and the elastic buffer sleeve (2) is further provided with an anti-twist structure matched with a connecting piece to be connected.

2. The lock structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: Anti-skid convex teeth (11) are arranged on the surface of the toothed disc washer (1) abutting against the connecting bolt.

3. The lockout structure of claim 2, wherein: The circumferential limiting structure is a first convex tooth (1a) and a first groove (2a) arranged in sequence at intervals in the circumferential direction on the surface of the toothed disc washer (1) and the elastic buffer sleeve (2) abutting against each other.

4. The lock structure as set forth in claim 3, wherein: The first convex tooth (1a) and the first groove (2a) are both arranged obliquely towards the rotating locking direction of the connecting bolt.

5. The lockout structure of claim 2, wherein: The circumferential limiting structure comprises an embedded groove (b) arranged on the surface of the elastic buffer sleeve (2) and embedded in the toothed disc washer (1), and a second convex tooth (1b) and a second groove (2b) arranged in sequence at intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the embedded groove (b) and the side circumferential surface of the toothed disc washer (1).

6. The lock structure as claimed in any one of claims 4-5, wherein: The anti-twist structure is an anti-twist convex rib (21) arranged at intervals on the circumferential surface of the elastic buffer sleeve (2) away from the toothed disc washer (1) and matched with the connecting piece.

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