Battery device, power utilization device and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery device, a power utilization device and energy storage equipment, and the battery device comprises a box body and a battery monomer. The box body comprises a first box body part and a second box body part, and an exhaust structure is arranged on the box body. When thermal runaway exhaust occurs to the single batteries, the first box body part moves relative to the second box body part, and the space in the box body is increased. On one hand, the internal space of the box body is increased, so that more ejected solid substances can pass through, the turbulence effect of gas flow is weakened, local blockage is not easy to form, and the ejected substances are ensured to be continuously and smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery device from the exhaust structure through the gap; and on the other hand, sufficient pressure diffusion space can be provided by enlarging the internal space of the box body, so that the kinetic energy of the high-pressure gas is gradually dissipated in the flowing process, the pressure crest value is greatly reduced, the rigid impact on the internal structure of the battery device is remarkably weakened, and linkage out-of-control caused by structural damage is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery device, a power utilization device and an energy storage equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Battery packs are widely used in the field of new energy, such as electric vehicles, new energy vehicles, etc. New energy vehicles and electric vehicles have become a new trend in the development of the automobile industry. The development of battery technology needs to consider many design factors, such as energy density, cycle life, energy density, discharge capacity, charge-discharge rate, etc. In addition, the reliability of the battery pack also needs to be considered. However, in the scenario of thermal runaway of the battery pack, the batteries inside the battery pack will quickly release a large amount of ejecta, which will induce high-voltage sparking or battery chain runaway. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a battery device, a power utilization device and an energy storage equipment, which can improve the reliability of the battery device.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery device, comprising: a box body, the box body comprising a first box body part and a second box body part connected together, the box body being provided with an exhaust structure; and a battery monomer, the battery monomer being arranged in the box body and having a gap with the box body, the gap being communicated with the exhaust structure; when the battery monomer is in thermal runaway exhaust, the first box body part moves relative to the second box body part, and the gap becomes larger.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the thermal runaway of the battery monomer will quickly release a large amount of gas, causing the pressure in the box body to rise sharply, the box body changing from an original state to an exhaust state, and the gap between the first box body part and the second box body part becoming larger, i.e. increasing the space inside the box body. On the one hand, the larger space can accommodate more ejected solid substances, and the turbulent flow effect of the gas flow is weakened, so that local blockage is not easy to form, ensuring that the ejected substances continuously and smoothly pass through the gap and are discharged from the exhaust structure to the outside of the battery device. On the other hand, the larger space can provide sufficient pressure diffusion space, so that the kinetic energy of the high-pressure gas is gradually dissipated in the flow process, the pressure peak value is greatly reduced, the rigid impact on the internal structure of the battery device is significantly weakened, and the chain runaway caused by structural damage is avoided.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first box part comprises a top wall and a first side wall surrounding the top wall, and the second box part comprises a bottom wall and a second side wall surrounding the bottom wall; the bottom wall and the top wall are located on opposite sides of the battery monomer, and the battery monomer is supported on the bottom wall; when the battery monomer is in thermal runaway and exhausts, the first box part can move relative to the second box part in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall.

[0008] In the above technical solution, when the battery device is installed in the electric device, the upper part of the battery device generally has a gap, i.e., the upper part of the top wall has a gap, which provides a moving space for the first box part, i.e., a separate space for providing the moving space of the first box part is not needed, thereby improving the space utilization.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first side wall is provided with a first guide structure, and the second side wall is provided with a second guide structure matched with the first guide structure.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the moving direction of the first box part relative to the second box part is rigidly limited, i.e., the movement track of the first box part is accurately limited, so that the first box part is prevented from deviating or twisting, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the movement of the first box part to ensure that the gap is smoothly enlarged.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second side wall is provided with a slot, and the first side wall is inserted into the slot; the first side wall is the first guide structure, and the slot is the second guide structure.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the cooperation of the first side wall and the slot strictly limits the movement track of the first box part, and avoids the deviation or rotation of the first side wall during movement; in addition, the first side wall forms a nested structure after being inserted into the slot, has a large contact area, can effectively resist lateral force and vibration, is not easy to loosen, and ensures the smoothness of the movement of the first box part to ensure that the gap is smoothly enlarged.

[0013] In some embodiments, one of the first guide structure and the second guide structure is a guide rail, and the other is a guide groove.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the nested cooperation of the guide rail and the guide groove strictly restricts the track, prevents deviation and twisting, ensures the smoothness of the movement of the first box part, and ensures that the gap is smoothly enlarged; in addition, the surface contact between the guide rail and the guide groove disperses the load, resists heavy load and impact, and is not easy to deform and damage.

[0015] In some embodiments, an elastic member is arranged between the first side wall and the second side wall, the elastic member is connected with the first side wall and the second side wall respectively, and the elastic member provides an acting force for the first side wall in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall and towards the top wall.

[0016] The elastic force of the elastic member is the moving assistance force of the first box part relative to the second box part, so as to reduce the moving resistance caused by the weight of the first box part. When the internal pressure of the battery monomer thermal runaway box rapidly rises, the first box part can quickly move relative to the second box part, so that the gap is quickly enlarged, and the damage degree of the battery device caused by the thermal runaway of the battery monomer is reduced.

[0017] In some embodiments, the elastic member is a spring supported between the first side wall and the second side wall.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the elastic force of the spring is accurately controllable, effectively reducing the moving resistance of the first box part; the response is timely and has no lag, and the thermal runaway time gap is quickly enlarged.

[0019] In some embodiments, the pressure relief structure of the battery monomer faces the top wall.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the gas sprayed from the pressure relief structure can directly act on the top wall, so that the first box part can quickly move relative to the second box part, the gap is quickly enlarged, and the damage degree of the battery device caused by the thermal runaway of the battery monomer is reduced.

[0021] In some embodiments, the gap between the top wall and the battery monomer is 5mm-10mm.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the gap size is reasonable, and in the case of ensuring the volume energy density of the battery device, the heat generated by the battery monomer during work is discharged from the gap in time.

[0023] In some embodiments, the battery device further comprises: a pressure sensor arranged in the box, the pressure sensor being configured to detect the pressure in the box and send a pressure signal; an adjusting member arranged between the first box part and the second box part and connected with the first box part and the second box part respectively, the adjusting member being configured to drive the first box part to move relative to the second box part; and a controller connected with the pressure sensor and the adjusting member respectively, the controller being configured to control the start and stop of the adjusting member according to the pressure signal.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the pressure sensor can quickly capture the change of the pressure, and the controller can quickly process and output instructions to control the adjusting member to drive the first box part to move relative to the second box part, so as to achieve millisecond-level response, so as to achieve the gap to be quickly enlarged, and the damage degree of the battery device caused by the thermal runaway of the battery monomer is reduced.

[0025] In some embodiments, the exhaust structure comprises an exhaust valve or an exhaust port.

[0026] In the above technical solution, those skilled in the art can select the exhaust structure to be an exhaust valve or an exhaust port according to the sealing requirement.

[0027] In some embodiments, the area of the exhaust port through which the fluid passes gradually increases when the battery cell is in thermal runaway.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the larger exhaust port enables the ejected substance to continuously and smoothly be discharged from the exhaust port to the outside of the battery device.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first box body part is provided with a first hole, and the second box body part is provided with a second hole; the first hole and the second hole partially overlap and are in communication, and the overlapping part of the first hole and the second hole constitutes the exhaust port; the area of the overlapping part of the first hole and the second hole gradually increases when the battery cell is in thermal runaway.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the first box body part and the second box body part move relatively, and the overlapping part of the first hole and the second hole gradually increases, that is, the area of the exhaust port through which the fluid passes gradually increases, and the larger exhaust port enables the ejected substance to continuously and smoothly be discharged from the exhaust port to the outside of the battery device.

[0031] In some embodiments, one of the first box body part and the second box body part is provided with an exhaust port, and the other covers part of the exhaust port; the area of the exhaust port not covered gradually increases when the battery cell is in thermal runaway.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the first box body part and the second box body part move relatively, and the area of the exhaust port covered gradually decreases, that is, the area of the exhaust port through which the fluid passes gradually increases, and the larger exhaust port enables the ejected substance to continuously and smoothly be discharged from the exhaust port to the outside of the battery device.

[0033] In some embodiments, an insulation layer is arranged on the box wall of the box body opposite to the pressure relief structure of the battery cell.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the ejected substance is more likely to accumulate on the box wall opposite to the pressure relief structure, and the ejected substance can damage the insulation at the accumulation position. The arrangement of the insulation layer reduces the probability of damage to the insulation of the box wall due to the accumulation of the ejected substance, thereby ensuring the reliability of the product.

[0035] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power utilization device, which comprises the battery device described above and is used to provide electric energy.

[0036] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device, which comprises the battery device described above and is used to store electric energy.

[0037] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application. In order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood and implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0039] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0040] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the battery device provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0041] Figure 3 The exploded structural schematic diagram of the battery device is shown in the figure; Figure 2

[0042] The sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery device is shown in the figure; Figure 4 Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the battery monomer provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0043] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the battery device in the exhaust state is shown in the figure;

[0044] Figure 6 Figure 2 The sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery device is shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 7 The sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery device is shown in the figure; Figure 6

[0046] The exploded structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the battery device provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 8

[0047] The sectional structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the battery device provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 9

[0048] The partial structural block diagram of the third embodiment of the battery device provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 10

[0049] Figure 11 ​​​A partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a battery device provided for some embodiments of the present application;

[0050] Figure 12 A partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a battery device provided for some embodiments of the present application; Figure 11 A structural schematic view of the structure shown in an exhaust state;

[0051] Figure 13 A partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a battery device provided for some embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 14 A partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a battery device provided for some embodiments of the present application; Figure 13 A structural schematic view of the structure shown in an exhaust state.

[0053] The reference signs are as follows:

[0054] 1000, vehicle;

[0055] 100, battery device; 200, control device; 300, motor;

[0056] 10, box; 11, first box part; 12, second box part; 13, gap; 14, exhaust structure;

[0057] 111, top wall; 112, first side wall; 113, first hole; 121, bottom wall; 122, second side wall; 123, insertion slot; 124, second hole;

[0058] 20, battery cell; 21, outer shell; 22, electrode terminal; 23, pressure relief structure;

[0059] 30, spring;

[0060] 41, pressure sensor; 42, adjusting member; 43, controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and the above drawing description of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0063] The term "embodiment" mentioned in the present application means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0064] The term "exemplary" mentioned in the present application means "as an example, embodiment or illustration". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" is not necessarily interpreted as superior or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

[0065] In the description of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0066] In the description of the present application, the technical term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents the "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0067] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0068] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature is "over", "above" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher in horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature is "under", "below" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower in horizontal height than the second feature.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more (including two), unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, and similarly, "a plurality of groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0071] In the description of the present application, the same reference signs represent the same components, and for brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and other dimensions of the integrated device, are only exemplary and should not constitute any limitation on the present application.

[0072] At present, from the development of market situation, the application of battery is more and more widely. The battery is not only applied to the energy storage power supply system of hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power station, but also widely applied to electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles and other electric vehicles, as well as aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of battery, the demand of its market is also increasing.

[0073] In the related art, the development of battery technology needs to consider many design factors, such as cycle life, energy density, discharge capacity, charge-discharge rate and other performance parameters, in addition, the reliability of the battery also needs to be considered.

[0074] The inventors have further found that in the related art, when the battery monomer loses control and gas occurs, the internal pressure of the battery monomer accumulates more than the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve will open, and the substances in the battery monomer will be sprayed out from the explosion-proof valve and escape into the internal of the battery device. The sprayed substances generally include liquid electrolyte, electrolyte vapor and solid substances in addition to the out-of-control gas. The main components of the solid substances are the active material, the current collector and the product after the reaction of the active material in the internal of the battery monomer. The out-of-control sprayed substances can induce the chain thermal diffusion behavior of other battery monomers, and the out-of-control sprayed substances can also accumulate in some corners, thereby inducing the high-voltage sparking of the battery device or the chain out-of-control of the battery monomer.

[0075] To this end, the battery device provided in the present application comprises a box body and a battery cell. The box body comprises a first box body part and a second box body part connected together, and is provided with an exhaust structure. When the battery cell is in thermal runaway and exhausts, the first box body part moves relative to the second box body part, increasing the space inside the box body, and the box body changes from an original state to an exhaust state.

[0076] The gap between the first box body part and the second box body part of the battery device provided in the embodiments of the present application is increased, i.e. the space inside the box body is increased. On the one hand, the larger space can accommodate more ejected solid substances to pass through, and the turbulent flow effect of the gas flow is weakened, so that local blockage is not easily formed, ensuring that the ejected substances continuously and smoothly pass through the gap and are discharged from the exhaust structure to the outside of the battery device. On the other hand, the larger space can provide sufficient pressure diffusion space, so that the kinetic energy of the high-pressure gas is gradually dissipated during the flow process, the pressure peak value is greatly reduced, the rigid impact on the internal structure of the battery device is significantly weakened, and the chain reaction caused by the damage of the structure is avoided.

[0077] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are suitable for battery devices, electric devices using battery devices and energy storage equipment using battery devices.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery cell can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be activated by charging after discharging.

[0079] The battery cell can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0080] As an example, the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a soft-pack battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes, and the prismatic battery cell includes a square cell, a blade cell, a multi-prismatic battery, such as a hexagonal prismatic battery, etc., and the present application is not particularly limited.

[0081] The battery device disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electric devices using the battery device as a power source or various energy storage equipment using the battery device as an energy storage element. The electric devices include, for example, electric vehicles, electric tools, vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc. For example, the spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle and a spacecraft, etc.

[0082] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0083] For the convenience of description, the embodiments of the present application take the application of the battery device in a vehicle as an example for illustration.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1000 is provided for some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 can be a fuel automobile, a gas automobile, or a new energy automobile, which can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range extended electric vehicle, etc. The vehicle 1000 is internally provided with a battery device 100, which can be arranged at the bottom, the head, or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery device 100 can be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 can further include a control device 200 and a motor 300, and the control device 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power demand of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 100 can not only be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle 1000, but also be used as the driving power supply of the vehicle 1000, to replace or partially replace the fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0086] Reference is made to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The battery device (Battery Apparatus) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly (Battery Cell Assembly) can include a plurality of battery cells 20 connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner by busbars.

[0087] In some embodiments, the plurality of battery cells 20 in the battery device can be electrically connected by busbars to realize parallel, series, or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 in the battery device.

[0088] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly is usually formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 20; as an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module (Battery Module) formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of battery cells 20 into an independent module. As an example, the battery module can be formed by binding a plurality of battery cells 20 by a cable tie.

[0089] In some embodiments, the battery device can be a battery pack (battery Pack) including a box 10 and one or more battery cell assemblies accommodated in the box 10.

[0090] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly can be accommodated in the case 10 by fixing the battery module in the case 10.

[0091] As an example, the battery cell assembly can also be accommodated in the case 10 by fixing a plurality of battery cells 20 directly to the case 10.

[0092] As an example, the case 10 can include an upper case 10 and a lower case 10. The upper case 10 and the lower case 10 are fastened so that a closed space is formed inside the case 10 to accommodate the battery cells 20. The closed here means covered or closed, which can be sealed or unsealed.

[0093] In some embodiments, the battery device refers to an energy storage device, which includes a case, at least one side of which is provided with a door. The energy storage device includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc., and the battery cells in the energy storage device are used to store electrical energy.

[0094] As Figures 2 to 9 shown, the battery device 100 provided by the present application includes a case 10 and battery cells 20.

[0095] The case 10 includes a first case part 11 and a second case part 12 connected together, and the case 10 is provided with an exhaust structure 14.

[0096] When the pressure relief structure 23 is not triggered and the gap 13 between the first case part 11 and the second case part 12 has a design initial value, the battery device is in an initial state; when the battery cells are in thermal runaway and exhaust, the pressure relief structure 23 is triggered, and the first case part 11 can move relative to the second case part 12, i.e., the size of the gap 13 between the first case part 11 and the second case part 12 increases, at this time, the battery device is in an exhaust state.

[0097] When the battery cells 20 are in thermal runaway and exhaust, the first case part 11 moves relative to the second case part 12, and the gap 13 increases (i.e., the space inside the case 10 increases), as Figure 4 and Figure 7 shown, the battery device changes from the original state to the exhaust state.

[0098] The battery cells 20 are arranged in the case 10 and have a gap 13 with the case 10 (the first case part 11), and the gap 13 is in communication with the exhaust structure 14.

[0099] The battery cells 20 include an outer shell 21, an electrode assembly (not shown in the figure), and an electrolyte (not shown in the figure).

[0100] The shell 21 includes an end cover and a shell body having an open-ended receiving cavity. The end cover is arranged at the opening and seals the opening. The shell body can be provided with one or more openings. The end cover can also be provided with one or more openings. The shell 21 can be a steel shell, an aluminum shell, a plastic shell (such as polypropylene), a composite metal shell (such as a copper-aluminum composite shell 21), or an aluminum-plastic film, etc. In some embodiments, the shell 21 can be a sealed structure or a non-sealed structure. As an example, when the shell 21 is a non-sealed structure, the shell 21 serves to protect the electrode assembly, and a sealing bag is further included between the shell 21 and the electrode assembly, which is used to encapsulate the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. Specifically, the sealing bag can be a bag-shaped insulating member or an aluminum-plastic film. When the shell 21 is a sealed structure, it is used to encapsulate the electrode assembly and the electrolyte, etc. As shown in FIG. 1, the battery cell 20 further includes an electrode terminal 22, which is arranged through the end cover. The electrode terminal 22 can be, for example, a pole, which is made of an electrically conductive material to realize the electrically conductive function of the electrode terminal 22. Figure 5

[0101] The electrode assembly is arranged in the receiving cavity. The electrode assembly is a component in which electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20. One or more electrode assemblies can be included in the shell. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator arranged between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The positive electrode can be a positive electrode sheet, which can include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material arranged on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector. The negative electrode can be a negative electrode sheet, which can include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material arranged on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector. During charging and discharging of the battery cell 20, active ions (such as lithium ions) are inserted into and extracted from between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which can prevent the positive and negative electrodes from short-circuiting while allowing the active ions to pass through. In addition, the electrode assembly can have a jelly-roll structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of the jelly-roll and the stacked structure. The shape of the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc. The electrode assembly is provided with tabs, which can guide the current out of the electrode assembly. The tabs include positive tabs and negative tabs, which are connected to the pole electrode terminal 22.

[0102] The electrolyte is arranged in the receiving cavity. The electrolyte serves to conduct ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The type of electrolyte is not specifically limited in the present application and can be selected as needed. The electrolyte can be in a liquid state, a gel state, or a solid state. Among them, the liquid electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt and a solvent. In some embodiments, the electrolyte solution can also optionally include an additive. For example, the additive can include a negative electrode film-forming additive, a positive electrode film-forming additive, or an additive capable of improving certain performance of the battery cell, such as an additive capable of improving the overcharge / fast charge performance of the battery cell, an additive capable of improving the high-temperature performance of the battery cell, an additive capable of improving the low-temperature performance of the battery cell, etc.​

[0103] The battery cell 20 is provided with a pressure relief structure 23, which refers to a structure that can rupture when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a certain value, to allow the gas in the battery cell 20 to be discharged, reducing the risk of explosion of the battery cell 20 due to the inability to release the internal pressure. Optionally, the pressure relief structure 23 is an explosion-proof valve.

[0104] After the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, complex reactions occur inside the battery cell 20, including reactions of the cathode and anode, reactions of the cathode and anode themselves, decomposition reactions of the electrolyte itself, and reactions of the cathode and anode with the electrolyte. These reactions release heat and also produce a large amount of gas. The battery cell 20 is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and when the battery cell 20 experiences gas generation after losing control, the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 accumulates and exceeds the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve will open, and the substances in the battery cell 20 will be ejected from the explosion-proof valve and escape into the battery device 100. In addition to the out-of-control gas, the ejected substances also include electrolyte, electrolyte vapor, and solid substances, the main components of which are active substances, current collectors, and products after the reaction of active substances inside the battery cell 20. The out-of-control ejected substances will escape along the exhaust channel in the battery device 100. In this process, the high-temperature substances ejected from the out-of-control battery cell 20 will sweep other normal battery cells 20, especially the normal battery cells 20 adjacent to the out-of-control battery cell 20, which will be more significantly affected by the heat. This significant heat effect may induce a chain thermal diffusion behavior in the adjacent normal battery cells 20, and the out-of-control ejected substances may also accumulate in some corners, damaging the insulation or heating the adjacent battery cells 20, thereby inducing high-voltage sparking or chain thermal runaway of the battery device 100.

[0105] After the gap 13 becomes larger (the space inside the box 10 becomes larger), its cross-sectional area increases significantly, not only allowing large-size ejected solid substances to pass directly, but also providing a "layered passing space" (large fragments move along the bottom of the gap 13, and dust flows in the upper layer with the gas flow), avoiding the risk of single-dimensional blockage, ensuring that the ejected solid substances do not stagnate due to a narrow passage, and reducing the probability of disordered collision and vortex deposition. Even if a small amount of ejected substances come into contact with the wall of the gap 13, they will be pushed forward by the continuous laminar flow, and a stable deposition layer cannot be formed. Ultimately, it ensures that the ejected substances continuously and without blockage pass through the gap 13 into the exhaust structure 14 and are discharged to the outside of the battery device 100. Therefore, the larger gap 13 can accommodate more ejected solid substances, and the turbulent effect of the gas flow is weakened, making it less likely to form local blockage, ensuring that the ejected substances continuously and smoothly pass through the gap 13 and are discharged from the exhaust structure 14 to the outside of the battery device 100.

[0106] After the gap 13 is increased (the space inside the box 10 is enlarged), the propagation path of the gas pressure wave is extended, and the peak pressure is greatly reduced due to energy dissipation during diffusion. On the one hand, the reduced pressure wave cannot break through the bearing limit of the box 10 structure, avoiding the leakage of gas / ejected substances caused by damage to the box 10; on the other hand, the impact strength of the pressure wave on the adjacent battery monomer 20 is reduced to below the safety threshold, and the thermal runaway trigger condition (such as shell rupture, internal temperature rise) is not triggered, thereby reducing the occurrence of chain loss of control from the root. Therefore, a larger gap 13 can provide sufficient pressure diffusion space to gradually dissipate the kinetic energy of high-pressure gas during flow, and the peak value of the pressure wave is greatly reduced, and the rigid impact on the internal structure of the battery device 100 is significantly weakened, avoiding the chain loss of control caused by structural damage.

[0107] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 8 In some embodiments of the present application, the first box part 11 includes a top wall 111 and a first side wall 112 surrounding the top wall 111.

[0108] The second box part 12 includes a bottom wall 121 and a second side wall 122 surrounding the bottom wall 121.

[0109] The bottom wall 121 and the top wall 111 are located on opposite sides of the battery monomer 20, and the battery monomer 20 is supported on the bottom wall 121.

[0110] When the battery monomer 20 is in thermal runaway exhaust, the first box part 11 can move relative to the second box part 12 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall 121.

[0111] When the battery device 100 is installed in the electric device, there is a gap above it, which can be directly reused as a moving space for the first box part 11, without the need to separately set up a dedicated moving space. This not only retains the original corresponding function of the gap, but also meets the moving needs of the first box part 11, achieving the "one-gap multi-use" of space function. This design completely avoids redundant planning of space, allowing limited space to carry more functions, and ultimately significantly improving the overall space utilization of the electric device.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present application, a first guide structure is provided on the first side wall, and a second guide structure cooperating with the first guide structure is provided on the second side wall.

[0113] Through cooperation of the first guide structure and the second guide structure, the movement track of the first box part is accurately defined, the risk of deviation and twisting is completely eliminated, and the smoothness and timeliness of movement are ensured, so that the gap between the first box part and the second box part is uniformly and quickly expanded, and structural support is provided for the discharge of substances sprayed in a thermal runaway scenario and pressure dissipation.

[0114] As shown in Figures 2 to 9 some embodiments of the present application, a slot 123 is arranged on the second side wall 122, and the first side wall 112 is inserted into the slot 123. The first side wall 112 is the first guide structure, and the slot 123 is the second guide structure.

[0115] The cooperation of the first side wall 112 and the slot 123 ensures that the first box part 11 moves in a predetermined direction without deviation or rotation. The anti-interference capability of the nested arrangement of the first side wall 112 and the slot 123 ensures that the movement process is not jammed or loose. Through the above-mentioned limitation, the first box part 11 can quickly and stably complete the stroke movement, and finally realize the uniform and sufficient expansion of the gap 13 between the first box part 11 and the second box part 12, which not only meets the smooth discharge requirement of the sprayed solid substances, but also provides sufficient diffusion space for high-pressure gas, thereby blocking the thermal runaway chain risk from the structural level and ensuring the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present application, one of the first guide structure and the second guide structure is a guide rail, and the other is a guide groove.

[0117] The surface contact between the guide rail and the guide groove effectively disperses the load, resists heavy load and impact, and is not easy to deform and damage, thereby providing durable and reliable support for the stable movement of the first box part. The guide rail and the guide groove are nested and cooperated, which can rigidly constrain the track, eliminate deviation and twisting, achieve ultra-high positioning accuracy, ensure smooth movement of the first box part, and ensure smooth expansion of the gap.

[0118] As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 some embodiments of the present application, an elastic member is arranged between the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 122. The elastic member is connected with the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 122 respectively, and provides an acting force for the first side wall 112 which is perpendicular to the bottom wall 121 and towards the top wall 111.

[0119] When the battery monomer 20 is in thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature gas will be rapidly generated in the box 10, and the internal pressure will sharply rise in a very short time. At this time, the elastic force stored by the elastic member and the high pressure in the box form a resultant force, which jointly pushes the first box body part 11 to move relative to the second box body part 12 quickly, the expansion rate of the gap 13 is significantly improved, and the rapid expansion of the gap 13 is realized. The rapid expansion of the gap 13 can timely release the high pressure accumulated in the box, effectively alleviate the risk of expansion and deformation of the box 10 caused by thermal runaway, reduce the impact damage of the structure of the box 10 caused by the burning and explosion of the battery monomer 20, and at the same time provide a rapid discharge channel for the high-temperature gas, reduce the heat spread speed, and thus greatly reduce the damage degree of the entire battery device 100 after the thermal runaway of the battery monomer 20.

[0120] As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments of the present application, the elastic member is a spring 30, which is supported between the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 122. Specifically, the spring 30 is arranged in the slot 123 and supported between the groove bottom (the second side wall 122) of the slot 123 and the end of the first side wall 112 on the second side wall 122. The relationship between the compression amount x of the spring 30 and the gravity mg of the first box body part 11 is: kx=mg, wherein k is the stiffness of the spring 30.

[0121] When the battery monomer 20 is in thermal runaway and the pressure in the box sharply rises, the high pressure in the box will act on the first box body part 11 instantaneously, and the pre-tightening elastic force stored by the spring 30 will be released at the same time, forming a same-direction resultant force with the high pressure to directly push the first box body part 11 to move. Since the elastic force of the spring 30 can stably offset the moving resistance caused by the gravity of the first box body part 11, the starting delay caused by insufficient pressure is avoided, and it is ensured that the first box body part 11 can easily break through the resistance threshold. This double driving mode of “pressure + elastic force” can shorten the starting response time of the first box body part 11, greatly improve the expansion rate of the gap 13, realize the rapid expansion of the gap 13, quickly release the high pressure in the box and discharge the high-temperature gas, effectively alleviate the heat spread speed, significantly reduce the impact damage of the structure of the box 10 caused by the thermal runaway of the battery monomer 20, avoid the starting delay caused by insufficient pressure, and ensure that the first box body part 11 can easily break through the resistance threshold in the initial moving stage and always maintain a smooth movement state.

[0122] The assembling process of the spring 30 and the box body 10 is as follows: first, one end of the spring 30 is fixedly connected (the fixed mode can be welding) with the first side wall 112, then the other end of the spring 30 is inserted into the hollow second side wall 122 and extends out of the second side wall 122 through the hollow part, then the other end of the spring 30 is fixed with the bottom wall 121, and finally, the bottom wall 121 is fixed with the second side wall 122. In the above process, the hollow second side wall 122 and the bottom wall 121 are fixed together to form the second box body part 12, and the hollow part and the bottom wall 121 form the insertion slot 123.

[0123] As shown in Figures 3 to 9 , in some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief structure 23 of the battery monomer 20 is directed towards the top wall 111.

[0124] When the high-temperature and high-pressure gas directly impacts the top wall 111 of the first box body part 11 from the pressure relief structure 23, the dynamic pressure energy of the gas can be instantaneously converted into a positive thrust on the top wall 111, and the first box body part 11 can quickly displace relative to the second box body part 12. The rapid expansion of the gap 13 can instantaneously open the super-large volume pressure relief channel, effectively avoiding the rupture and explosion of the box body 10 due to overpressure; at the same time, the expanded gap 13 can block the transmission of high-temperature flames and heat radiation generated by the thermal runaway monomer to adjacent monomers, reducing the risk of chain failure of the battery monomer 20 and significantly reducing the overall scrap rate of the battery device 100, thereby fundamentally reducing the destructive impact of thermal runaway on the battery device 100.

[0125] As shown in Figure 4 , in some embodiments of the present application, when the battery device is in the original state, the gap 13 between the top wall 111 and the battery monomer 20 is 5mm-10mm. The gap 13 can be any one value or a range value composed of any two point values among 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm or 10mm. As an example, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the pressure relief structure 23 is directed towards the top wall, and in the direction from the bottom wall to the top wall, the width D of the gap 13 is 5mm-10mm, and when the battery monomer undergoes thermal runaway, the width D of the gap 13 becomes larger.

[0126] If the gap 13 is less than 5mm, the gap 13 is small, which makes the air flow poor, which is not conducive to the dissipation of heat generated by the battery monomer 20, which not only accelerates the aging of the battery monomer 20 and shortens the service life, but also greatly increases the risk of thermal runaway; if the gap 13 is greater than 10mm, the gap 13 is large, which occupies a large space inside the box body 10, reduces the volume occupied by the battery monomer 20, and leads to a decrease in the volume energy density of the battery device 100. Therefore, the gap 13 is within 5mm-10mm, which ensures that the heat generated by the battery monomer 20 during operation is dissipated in time from the gap 13 while ensuring the volume energy density of the battery device.

[0127] As shown in the drawings, Figure 10 In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 100 further comprises a pressure sensor 41, an adjusting member 42, and a controller 43.

[0128] The pressure sensor 41 is arranged in the box body 10, and is configured to detect the pressure in the box body 10 and send a pressure signal.

[0129] The adjusting member 42 is arranged between and connected to the first box body part 11 and the second box body part 12, and is configured to drive the first box body part 11 to move relative to the second box body part 12. Specifically, the adjusting member 42 is a controllable telescopic member or a moving member, and any structure that can be controlled by the controller 43 to drive the first box body part 11 to move relative to the second box body part 12 can be used, which will not be listed here.

[0130] The controller 43 is connected to the pressure sensor 41 and the adjusting member 42, respectively, and is configured to control the start and stop of the adjusting member 42 according to the pressure signal.

[0131] The pressure sensor 41 has a response speed of microseconds and a small measurement accuracy error, and can capture the fluctuation of the pressure in the box in real time. After receiving the sensor signal in the controller 43, the signal analysis, pressure level determination and command generation can be quickly completed, and when the detected pressure exceeds the threshold value, the controller 43 immediately outputs a precise electrical signal to the adjusting member 42 (such as a high-speed electric push rod or an electromagnetic drive assembly). The adjusting member 42 as an execution end can quickly start and drive the first box body part 11 to move. In this active control mode, the first box body part 11 can quickly move relative to the second box body part 12, and the rapid expansion of the gap 13 can instantly open the large-volume pressure relief channel, accelerate the discharge of high-temperature gas, block the heat spread path, reduce the proportion of battery monomers 20 that are locked out of service, and significantly reduce the destructive impact of thermal runaway on the core structure of the battery device 100, thereby significantly improving the thermal runaway protection level of the battery device 100.

[0132] In some embodiments of the present application, the exhaust structure includes an exhaust valve or an exhaust port (as shown in Figures 3 to 9 Those skilled in the art can select the exhaust structure to be an exhaust valve or an exhaust port according to the sealing requirement.

[0133] As shown in the drawings, Figures 11 to 14 In some embodiments of the present application, when the battery monomer undergoes thermal runaway and exhausts, the area of the exhaust port through which the fluid passes becomes larger, i.e., the area of the exhaust port through which the fluid passes in the exhaust state is larger than the area of the exhaust port through which the fluid passes in the original state.

[0134] When the battery cell is in thermal runaway and exhausts, the gap 13 and the exhaust port are synchronously enlarged to form a cooperative optimization. The enlarged gap 13 widens the transmission path of the ejected substance, ensuring that the substance is stably transported to the exhaust port. The enlarged exhaust port enhances the terminal exhaust efficiency, reduces resistance, prevents blockage, maintains stable exhaust power, and matches the flow demand after the expansion of the gap 13. The ejected substance is continuously and smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery device 100, significantly reducing the risk caused by thermal runaway.

[0135] As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12 In some embodiments of the present application, the first box body 11 is provided with a first hole 113, and the second box body 12 is provided with a second hole 124.

[0136] The first hole 113 and the second hole 124 partially overlap and are in communication. The overlapping part of the first hole 113 and the second hole 124 constitutes an exhaust port. When the battery cell is in thermal runaway and exhausts, the area of the overlapping part of the first hole 113 and the second hole 124 gradually increases.

[0137] The overlapping part of the first hole 113 and the second hole 124 gradually expands, which dynamically and gradually increases the area of the exhaust port, reduces resistance, prevents blockage, maintains stable exhaust power, and matches the flow demand after the expansion of the gap 13. The ejected substance is continuously and smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery device 100, significantly reducing the risk caused by thermal runaway.

[0138] As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14 In some embodiments of the present application, one of the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 is provided with an exhaust port, and the other covers part of the exhaust port.

[0139] When the battery cell is in thermal runaway and exhausts, the area of the part of the exhaust port that is not covered gradually increases.

[0140] The covered area of the exhaust port gradually decreases, which gradually expands the effective flow area, reduces resistance, prevents blockage, maintains stable exhaust power, and matches the flow demand after the expansion of the gap 13. The ejected substance is continuously and smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery device 100, significantly reducing the risk caused by thermal runaway.

[0141] In some embodiments of the present application, an insulating layer is provided on the box wall opposite to the pressure relief structure of the battery cell. The heat resistance of the box wall opposite to the pressure relief structure of the battery cell exceeds 500℃, and the heat resistance of the insulating layer also exceeds 500℃. The insulating layer can be made of mica plate or mica paper.

[0142] The sprayed substance rebounds due to airflow impact and flow rate drops, and is prone to accumulate on the tank wall opposite to the pressure relief structure. The high temperature, corrosion, conductivity and physical wear can damage the insulation of the tank wall in this area, thereby causing risks such as electric leakage and short circuit. The insulation layer arranged in this area can effectively isolate the sprayed substance from the metal tank wall, inhibit the probability of insulation damage, guarantee the electrical isolation performance, and finally ensure the product reliability.

[0143] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application. In order to enable one skilled in the art to better understand the technical means of the present application, the content of the specification can be implemented, and in order to enable the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application to be more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described.

[0144] As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 The battery device 100 provided by the present application comprises a tank 10, a spring 30 and a battery cell 20.

[0145] The tank 10 comprises a first tank part 11 and a second tank part 12 connected together, and the tank 10 is provided with an exhaust port.

[0146] The battery cell 20 is arranged in the tank 10 and has a gap 13 with the tank 10, and the gap 13 is communicated with the exhaust port.

[0147] When the battery cell 20 occurs thermal runaway exhaust, the first tank part 11 moves relative to the second tank part 12, and the gap 13 becomes larger.

[0148] The first tank part 11 comprises a top wall 111 and a first side wall 112, and the first side wall 112 is arranged around the top wall 111. The second tank part 12 comprises a bottom wall 121 and a second side wall 122, and the second side wall 122 is arranged around the bottom wall 121. The exhaust port is arranged on the bottom wall 121.

[0149] The bottom wall 121 and the top wall 111 are located on opposite sides of the battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is supported on the bottom wall 121.

[0150] When the battery cell occurs thermal runaway exhaust, the first tank part 11 can move relative to the second tank part 12 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall 121.

[0151] The second side wall 122 is provided with a slot 123, and the first side wall 112 is inserted into the slot 123.

[0152] The spring 30 is arranged in the slot 123 and supported on the groove bottom of the slot 123 and the end of the first side wall 112 of the second side wall 122.

[0153] The pressure relief structure 23 of the battery cell 20 faces the top wall 111.

[0154] As Figure 1 shown in the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power consuming device, which comprises the battery device 100 described above, and the battery device 100 is used to provide electric energy.

[0155] It should be noted that the power consuming device provided by the embodiments of the present application has the battery device 100, and the power consuming device has the beneficial effects of the battery device 100 in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the embodiments of the present application will not be described again.

[0156] In the third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device, which comprises the battery device described above, and the battery device is used to store electric energy.

[0157] It should be noted that the energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application has the battery device, and the energy storage device has the beneficial effects of the battery device in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the embodiments of the present application will not be described again.

[0158] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims and the specification of the present application. Especially, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized by, The battery device comprises: a box body comprising a first box body part and a second box body part connected together, the box body being provided with an exhaust structure; and a battery cell arranged in the box body and having a gap with the box body, the gap being communicated with the exhaust structure; when the battery cell is in thermal runaway and exhaust, the first box body part moves relative to the second box body part, and the gap becomes larger.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein the first box body part comprises a top wall and a first side wall surrounding the top wall, and the second box body part comprises a bottom wall and a second side wall surrounding the bottom wall; the bottom wall and the top wall are located on opposite sides of the battery cell, and the battery cell is supported on the bottom wall; when the battery cell is in thermal runaway and exhaust, the first box body part can move relative to the second box body part in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, wherein the first side wall is provided with a first guide structure, and the second side wall is provided with a second guide structure matched with the first guide structure.

4. The battery device according to claim 3, wherein the second side wall is provided with a slot, and the first side wall is inserted into the slot, the first side wall is the first guide structure, and the slot is the second guide structure.

5. The battery device according to claim 3, wherein one of the first guide structure and the second guide structure is a guide rail, and the other is a guide groove.

6. The battery device according to claim 2, wherein an elastic member is arranged between the first side wall and the second side wall, the elastic member is connected with the first side wall and the second side wall respectively, and the elastic member provides an acting force for the first side wall in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall and towards the top wall.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, wherein the elastic member is a spring, and the spring is supported between the first side wall and the second side wall.

8. The battery device according to claim 2, wherein a pressure relief structure of the battery cell faces the top wall.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, wherein a gap between the top wall and the battery cell is 5mm-10mm.

10. The battery device of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: a pressure sensor arranged in the box body, the pressure sensor being configured to detect the pressure in the box body and send a pressure signal; an adjusting member arranged between the first box body part and the second box body part and connected with the first box body part and the second box body part respectively, the adjusting member being configured to drive the first box body part to move relative to the second box body part; and a controller connected with the pressure sensor and the adjusting member respectively, the controller being configured to control the start and stop of the adjusting member according to the pressure signal.

11. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein ​ The exhaust structure includes an exhaust valve or an exhaust port.

12. The battery device according to claim 11, wherein The area of the exhaust port through which fluid passes increases when the battery cell is exhausted due to thermal runaway.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, wherein A first hole is provided in the first case portion, and a second hole is provided in the second case portion; The first hole and the second hole partially overlap and are in communication, and the portion in which the first hole and the second hole overlap constitutes the exhaust port; The area of the portion in which the first hole and the second hole overlap increases when the battery cell is exhausted due to thermal runaway.

14. The battery device according to claim 12, wherein One of the first case portion and the second case portion is provided with the exhaust port, and the other covers a portion of the exhaust port; The area of the portion of the exhaust port that is not covered increases when the battery cell is exhausted due to thermal runaway.

15. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein An insulating layer is provided on the case wall of the case that opposes the pressure relief structure of the battery cell.

16. An electrical device, comprising: A battery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 is included, and the battery device is used to provide electrical energy.

17. An energy storage device, comprising: A battery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 is included, and the battery device is used to store electrical energy.

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