Voltage regulation circuit and lithium ion battery

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a voltage regulation circuit and a lithium ion battery, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The voltage regulating circuit comprises a battery cell module and a charging and discharging management module, wherein the charging and discharging management module comprises a voltage control unit; the battery cell module is electrically connected with the voltage control unit; the voltage control unit is used for detecting the voltage of the battery cell module when the power supply state of the battery cell module is a discharge state, and performing voltage conversion on the voltage of the battery cell module and outputting a first voltage when the voltage of the battery cell module is greater than or equal to a preset target voltage threshold value; the voltage control unit is also used for reducing the voltage of the battery cell module and outputting a second voltage when the voltage of the battery cell module is smaller than a target voltage threshold value; wherein the second voltage is smaller than the first voltage. The embodiment of the utility model can simulate the discharge characteristic of the dry battery and improve the reliability of power supply.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a voltage regulating circuit and a lithium ion battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] A battery is a device for providing electric energy to an electrical appliance. In order to ensure the normal operation of the electrical appliance, the battery needs to be able to stably output electric energy. However, the power supply reliability of the current battery (such as a 1.5V constant voltage lithium ion battery) is poor, which affects the normal use of the electrical appliance.

[0003] Taking a lithium ion battery (referred to as a lithium battery) as an example, the current 1.5V lithium battery is usually constant voltage output, that is, a constant voltage is continuously output to supply power to an electrical appliance. However, when the lithium battery has a low or nearly depleted electric quantity, the output voltage of the lithium battery will suddenly drop, causing the electrical appliance to suddenly lose power and affecting the normal use of the electrical appliance. The power supply reliability of the lithium battery is crucial for electrical appliances with high safety requirements (such as a smart door lock). For example, if the output voltage of the lithium battery suddenly drops from a constant voltage to zero, the smart door lock will not be able to open normally. In summary, the phenomenon of the output voltage of the lithium battery suddenly dropping to zero affects the reliability of the power supply.

[0004] Therefore, how to make the lithium battery supply power more reliably has become a technical problem to be solved. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a voltage regulating circuit and a lithium ion battery, which aims to simulate the discharge characteristics of a dry battery and improve the power supply reliability of the lithium ion battery.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application proposes a voltage regulating circuit, which comprises:

[0007] a cell module and a charge-discharge management module, wherein the charge-discharge management module comprises a voltage control unit;

[0008] The cell module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit.

[0009] The voltage control unit is configured to detect the voltage of the cell module when the power supply state of the cell module is a discharge state, and perform voltage conversion on the voltage of the cell module and output a first voltage when the voltage of the cell module is greater than or equal to a preset target voltage threshold. The voltage control unit is also configured to perform voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the cell module and output a second voltage when the voltage of the cell module is less than the target voltage threshold. The second voltage is less than the first voltage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery cell module comprises a target battery cell; the charge-discharge management module further comprises an inductor, a Schottky diode, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor;

[0011] One end of the target battery cell is electrically connected to the voltage control unit, and the other end of the target battery cell is grounded; the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the target battery cell;

[0012] The voltage control unit is electrically connected to one end of the inductor; the other end of the inductor is electrically connected to an output end of the Schottky diode and one end of the first capacitor; an input end of the Schottky diode is grounded; the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0013] In some embodiments, the voltage regulation circuit further comprises a charging interface module;

[0014] The charging interface module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit;

[0015] The charging interface module is configured to obtain an input voltage, and the voltage control unit is further configured to control the battery cell module to charge based on the input voltage.

[0016] In some embodiments, the voltage regulation circuit further comprises a power state indication module;

[0017] The power state indication module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit;

[0018] The power state indication module is configured to indicate a charge-discharge state of the battery cell module; and the voltage control unit is further configured to control the power state indication module to indicate when a voltage of the battery cell module is less than the target voltage threshold.

[0019] In some embodiments, the power state indication module comprises a light-emitting diode;

[0020] The light-emitting diode is electrically connected to the voltage control unit;

[0021] The voltage control unit is configured to control a light-emitting state of the light-emitting diode according to the charge-discharge state of the battery cell module.

[0022] In some embodiments, the voltage control unit comprises a voltage comparator, a slope generator, and a modulator;

[0023] The battery cell module is electrically connected to the voltage comparator; the voltage comparator is electrically connected to the slope generator; and the modulator is electrically connected to the slope generator;

[0024] The voltage comparator is configured to compare a voltage of the battery cell module with the target voltage threshold and output a voltage comparison signal;

[0025] The modulator is configured to control a modulation mode; and the slope generator is configured to output a voltage control signal according to a voltage comparison signal in response to the modulation mode being a pulse width modulation mode.

[0026] In some embodiments, the voltage regulation circuit further comprises an over-temperature protection module.

[0027] The over-temperature protection module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit, and is configured to detect a temperature of the battery cell module for over-temperature protection.

[0028] In some embodiments, the over-temperature protection module comprises a thermistor.

[0029] One end of the thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage control unit, and the other end of the thermistor is grounded.

[0030] In some embodiments, the voltage control unit comprises an over-charge protection unit, an over-discharge protection unit, a short-circuit protection unit, an over-voltage protection unit, and an over-current protection unit.

[0031] The over-charge protection unit, the over-discharge protection unit, the short-circuit protection unit, the over-voltage protection unit, and the over-current protection unit are electrically connected to the battery cell module.

[0032] The over-current protection unit has a conducting state or a disconnecting state, and is configured to detect a current, and switch from the conducting state to the disconnecting state when the current is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold.

[0033] To achieve the above object, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a lithium ion battery, which comprises the voltage regulation circuit of the first aspect.

[0034] The voltage regulation circuit and lithium-ion battery proposed in this application reduce the voltage output by the cell module in a discharging state through a voltage control unit. Specifically, when the cell module is in a discharging state, if the voltage control unit detects that the cell module's voltage is greater than or equal to a preset target voltage threshold, indicating that the cell module has sufficient charge, the voltage of the cell module is converted to output a first voltage. If the cell module's voltage is less than the target voltage threshold, indicating that the cell module has insufficient charge, the voltage control unit reduces the voltage of the cell module to output a lower second voltage. It is evident that this application does not output a constant voltage independent of the cell module's charge level, but rather adaptively adjusts the output voltage according to the cell module's charge level to simulate the voltage output characteristics of a dry cell battery, i.e., its discharging characteristics. For example, the output voltage can decrease gradually as the remaining charge of the cell module decreases, rather than suddenly dropping to zero. This reduces the possibility of the voltage regulation circuit suddenly stopping power supply, improving power supply reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the voltage regulation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a discharge characteristic curve of the voltage regulation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a discharge characteristic curve of a voltage regulation circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage regulation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a module block diagram of a voltage regulation circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a module block diagram of a voltage regulation circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a module block diagram of a voltage regulation circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a module block diagram of a voltage regulation circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage control unit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Reference signs: battery cell module 10; charge and discharge management module 20; charging interface module 30; power supply state indication module 40; voltage control unit 21;

[0045] Voltage control chip U1; inductor L1; Schottky diode D1; first capacitor C1; second capacitor C2; thermistor RT. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0047] It should be noted that although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram, and the logical sequence is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a manner different from the module division in the device or the sequence in the flowchart. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0049] First, the terms involved in the present application are analyzed:

[0050] Dry battery: dry battery, also known as primary battery, is a kind of battery which is discarded after use.

[0051] Discharge characteristic curve: is a curve drawn by the working voltage of the battery and the discharge time (or capacity). When the battery is discharged, the working voltage of the battery always changes with the extension of time. The discharge time of the battery can be used as the horizontal axis variable, and the working voltage of the battery can be used as the vertical axis variable to draw the discharge characteristic curve.

[0052] The voltage regulation circuit and lithium ion battery provided by the embodiments of the present application are specifically described by the following embodiments. First, the voltage regulation circuit in the embodiments of the present application is described.

[0053] Figure 1 is an optional module block diagram of the voltage regulation circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 The voltage regulation circuit in the above can include but is not limited to including:

[0054] The battery cell module 10 and the charge-discharge management module 20, the charge-discharge management module 20 comprising a voltage control unit 21;

[0055] The battery cell module 10 is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21.

[0056] The voltage control unit 21 is configured to detect the voltage of the battery cell module 10 when the power supply state of the battery cell module 10 is in a discharging state, and perform voltage conversion on the voltage of the battery cell module 10 when the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is greater than or equal to a preset target voltage threshold, and output a first voltage. The voltage control unit 21 is also configured to perform voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery cell module 10 when the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold, and output a second voltage. The second voltage is less than the first voltage.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include but are not limited to: the voltage control unit 21 performs voltage reduction processing on the voltage output by the battery cell module 10 in the discharging state. Specifically, when the power supply state of the battery cell module 10 is in the discharging state, if the voltage control unit 21 checks that the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is greater than or equal to a preset target voltage threshold, indicating that the battery cell module 10 has sufficient power, then the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is converted, and a first voltage is output. If the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold, indicating that the battery cell module 10 is insufficient, then the voltage control unit 21 performs voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery cell module 10 to output a lower second voltage. It can be seen that, instead of outputting a constant voltage independent of the power of the battery cell module 10, the voltage output is adaptively adjusted according to the power state of the battery cell module 10 to simulate the voltage output characteristics of a dry battery, i.e. the discharging characteristics. For example, the output voltage can decrease gently with the decrease of the remaining power of the battery cell module 10, rather than suddenly dropping to zero. This can reduce the possibility of sudden stop of power supply of the voltage regulation circuit, and improve the power supply reliability of the voltage regulation circuit.

[0058] In some embodiments, the battery cell module 10 refers to a module for power supply, such as a battery cell. For example, the battery cell module 10 can be a lithium ion battery cell, a polymer lithium ion battery cell, a sodium lithium battery cell, a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, etc. For another example, the battery cell module 10 can be a battery cell of a rechargeable battery.

[0059] It should be noted that the power supply state of the battery cell module 10 can be a charging state or a discharging state. When the battery cell module 10 is in the discharging state, the voltage output by the battery cell module 10 is referred to as the discharging voltage of the battery cell module 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, the charge-discharge management module 20 is a module for managing the power supply state of the battery cell module 10. The charge-discharge management module 20 comprises a voltage control unit 21.

[0061] It is noted that the voltage control unit 21 is a module for controlling the output voltage (i.e. the discharging voltage) of the battery cell module 10. In some embodiments, specifically, the voltage control unit 21 can be an integrated chip, such as a voltage control chip U1 (see Figure 4 ).

[0062] In some embodiments, the voltage control chip U1 can be an integrated chip that integrates the charging management function, the rectification and step-down function, the charging protection function (such as the overcharge protection, the overdischarge protection, the short circuit protection, etc.). The voltage control chip U1 can also have the over-temperature protection (such as the overheat protection) function, the low voltage alarm function, the overcurrent protection function, the overvoltage protection function, etc.

[0063] In some embodiments, for example, the input voltage of the voltage control chip U1 can include 2.5V (volt) to 5.5V, the output voltage can include 1.0V to 1.9V; the output current can be 2A (ampere); the static current can be 20 microampere; the operating frequency can be 1.5Mhz; the preset charging voltage can include 3.6V to 4.35V; the trickle charging voltage threshold can be 2.9V; the operating temperature can include -40 degrees Celsius to 85 degrees Celsius. In some embodiments, the voltage control chip U1 can also integrate any one or more of the MOS transistor, the Buck converter, the battery charger.

[0064] In another embodiment, for example, the output current of the voltage control chip U1 can be 3.0A; the static current can be 10 microampere; the operating frequency can be 2.4MHz. In some embodiments, the voltage control chip U1 can have the DC-DC step-down conversion, the linear lithium battery charging, the LED status indication, the NTC detection, etc.

[0065] In another embodiment, the voltage control unit 21 can also include other types of chips, such as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), the Microcontroller Unit (MCU), the microprocessor, etc.

[0066] In some embodiments, the target voltage threshold can be a preset voltage value, which is used to determine the power of the battery cell module 10. For example, if the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is greater than or equal to the target voltage threshold, it indicates that the power of the battery cell module 10 is sufficient, and the power status of the battery cell module 10 can be defined as the high power status. If the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold, it indicates that the power of the battery cell module 10 is low, and the power status of the battery cell module 10 can be defined as the low power status. In the low power status, the power status indication module 40 (see Figure 8) to indicate, such as continuous light or flashing light, to remind the user that the power is low.

[0067] It should be noted that the first voltage refers to the voltage output by the voltage control unit 21 when the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is greater than or equal to the preset target voltage threshold. The first voltage can be greater than, less than, or equal to the voltage of the battery cell module 10. In some embodiments, the voltage control unit 21 can perform voltage conversion on the voltage of the battery cell module 10, which can be voltage stabilization processing on the voltage of the battery cell module 10 to output a stable first voltage, or linear voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery cell module 10 to output a linearly reduced first voltage, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0068] It should be noted that the second voltage refers to the voltage output by the voltage control unit 21 after voltage reduction when the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold. The second voltage is less than the first voltage, that is, the voltage output by the voltage adjustment circuit decreases as the power of the battery cell module 10 decreases. In some embodiments, the voltage control unit 21 can perform voltage reduction on the voltage of the battery cell module 10, which can be voltage reduction of the voltage of the battery cell module 10 to a fixed voltage to output the second voltage, or linear voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery cell module 10 to output a linearly reduced second voltage, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0069] In some embodiments, the voltage adjustment circuit is configured to output a voltage (such as the first voltage or the second voltage) to power the electrical device. For example, a larger first voltage (such as 1.5V) can provide a large amount of electrical energy to the electrical device, which is suitable for electrical devices with high power consumption, such as cameras, model airplanes, toy cars, etc., and is also suitable for other high-current working scenarios or high-voltage working scenarios. For another example, a smaller second voltage (such as 1V) can provide a small amount of electrical energy, which is suitable for electrical devices with low power consumption, such as electronic door locks, clocks, and low-power toy cars. Moreover, the embodiments of the present application output the second voltage by voltage reduction, which is beneficial for the electrical device to determine the power state according to the output voltage to prompt the power, reduces the risk of sudden shutdown of the electrical device, and improves the reliability of power supply.

[0070] In some embodiments, the voltage adjustment circuit can adjust the output voltage to power the electrical device during the voltage reduction process, so that the output voltage meets the working voltage requirement of the electrical device, reduces the defect that the battery cell (i.e., the battery cell module 10) cannot be fully discharged, and reduces the waste of the power of the battery cell.

[0071] In some embodiments, the target voltage threshold can be any value between 2.5V (volts) and 3.3V, such as 2.5V, 2.75V, 3.2V, 3.3V, etc.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the voltage of the battery module 10 is greater than or equal to a preset target voltage threshold (e.g., the voltage of the battery module 10 is greater than 3.2V), the voltage output by the voltage regulation circuit (i.e., the first voltage) can be 1.5V. When the voltage of the battery module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold, the voltage output by the voltage regulation circuit (i.e., the second voltage) can range from 1.5V to 0.8V, and the second voltage decreases as the output voltage of the battery module 10 decreases. Specifically, the voltage of the battery module 10 and the second voltage can have a linear proportional relationship to detect the charge status of the battery module 10. Furthermore, the relationship between the voltage of the battery module 10 and the second voltage can also be other types of functional relationships, such as nonlinear functional relationships, and is not limited to this. The voltage regulation circuit of this embodiment can simulate the voltage output characteristics of a dry cell battery (or nickel-metal hydride battery), that is, the characteristic that the voltage gradually decreases as the charge decreases.

[0073] In some embodiments, assuming the target voltage threshold is 3.3V, when the voltage of the battery module 10 is greater than 3.3V, the range of the output first voltage can include 1.9V to 1.35V, for example, the first voltage can be 1.5V (see reference). Figure 2 ).

[0074] It should be noted that, in Figure 2 In the diagram, the dark blue curve represents the discharge characteristic curve of battery module 10 at a current of 0.25A (amperes). The pink curve represents the discharge characteristic curve of battery module 10 at a current of 0.5A. The yellow curve represents the discharge characteristic curve of battery module 10 at a current of 1A. The light blue curve represents the discharge characteristic curve of battery module 10 at a current of 1.5A. The purple curve represents the discharge characteristic curve of battery module 10 at a current of 2A. The reddish-brown curve represents the discharge characteristic curve of battery module 10 at a current of 2.5A.

[0075] In some embodiments, at least two target voltage thresholds may include a first voltage threshold and a second voltage threshold, wherein the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold; the voltage control unit 21 is configured to perform voltage conversion on the voltage of the battery module 10 when the voltage of the battery module 10 is greater than or equal to the first voltage threshold, and output a first voltage; the voltage control unit 21 is further configured to perform voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery module 10 when the voltage of the battery module 10 is less than the first voltage threshold and greater than or equal to the second voltage threshold, and output a second voltage; wherein the second voltage is less than the first voltage; the voltage control unit 21 is further configured to perform voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery module 10 when the voltage of the battery module 10 is less than the second voltage threshold, and output a third voltage; wherein the third voltage is less than the second voltage.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is greater than or equal to the first voltage threshold, the voltage output by the voltage regulation circuit (i.e., the first voltage) can range from 1.5V to 1.2V, and the first voltage decreases as the output voltage of the battery cell module 10 decreases. When the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the first voltage threshold but greater than or equal to the second voltage threshold, the voltage output by the voltage regulation circuit (i.e., the second voltage) can be 1.2V. When the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the second voltage threshold, the voltage output by the voltage regulation circuit (i.e., the third voltage) can be 1V.

[0077] It should be noted that if the voltage of the battery module 10 is greater than or equal to the first voltage threshold, the battery module 10 can be considered to be in a fully charged state. If the voltage of the battery module 10 is less than the first voltage threshold but greater than or equal to the second voltage threshold, the battery module 10 can be considered to be in a low-charge state. In this case, the output voltage can be 1.2V to meet the minimum voltage requirements of most electrical devices, such as the minimum operating voltage of smart door locks (also known as electronic door locks). If the voltage of the battery module 10 is less than the second voltage threshold, the battery module 10 can be considered to be in an ultra-low-charge state. The ultra-low-charge state generally lasts for a short time. In the ultra-low-charge state, the power status indicator module 40 can provide an indication (such as a red light) to remind the user that the battery is about to run out.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first voltage threshold may be 3.4V. When the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is greater than or equal to the first voltage threshold, the voltage output by the voltage regulation circuit and the voltage of the battery cell module 10 may exhibit a proportionally decreasing relationship (see reference). Figure 3 ).

[0079] In some embodiments, the second voltage threshold may range from 3.2V to 3.3V.

[0080] In some embodiments, the second voltage threshold is assumed to be 3.2V. When the voltage of the battery module 10 is less than the second voltage threshold, for example, when the voltage of the battery module 10 is between 2.55V and 3.2V, a third voltage is output. The value range of the third voltage can include 0.8V to 1.1V; for example, the third voltage can be 1V (see reference). Figure 3 ).

[0081] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the battery cell module 10 includes the target battery cell BAT; the charge and discharge management module 20 also includes an inductor L1, a Schottky diode D1, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2.

[0082] One end of the target battery BAT is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21, and the other end of the target battery BAT is grounded; the second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the target battery BAT;

[0083] One end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21; the other end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected to the output end of the Schottky diode D1 and one end of the first capacitor C1; the input end of the Schottky diode D1 is grounded; the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0084] The advantage of this embodiment is that the voltage control unit 21, the inductor L1, the Schottky diode D1, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together constitute the charge-discharge management module 20, and the voltage of the battery module 10 is subjected to voltage reduction processing through the charge-discharge management module 20, so as to adaptively adjust the output voltage according to the state of charge of the battery module 10, simulate the voltage output characteristics of the dry battery, and truly simulate the actual working voltage of the dry battery, thereby improving the power supply reliability of the voltage regulation circuit.

[0085] In some embodiments, for example, when a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected in series, it is assumed that the battery module 10 of a certain lithium ion battery or a few lithium ion batteries triggers the discharge low-voltage protection, and the battery module 10 stops discharging. Then, the Schottky diode D1 can provide a discharge loop to allow other lithium ion batteries with power to continue discharging.

[0086] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 4 The voltage control unit 21 can be a voltage control chip U1. The voltage control chip U1 has a GND port, a SW port, a BKVDD port, a BAT port, a CHVIN port, a VOUT port, a TEMP port, a PROG port, a VHRG port, and a STD port.

[0087] It should be noted that, in Figure 4 The charge-discharge management module 20 further includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. The first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the voltage control chip U1; the second resistor R2 is connected in parallel with any one of the Schottky diode D1 and the first capacitor C1; the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first light-emitting diode LED1 and the second light-emitting diode LED2; the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6 are electrically connected to the J1 interface, i.e., the charging interface module 30 described below.

[0088] It should be noted that when the target battery BAT is in the charging process or at the end of charging, the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is the input charging voltage, which is usually much higher than the working voltage (such as 1.9V) of the voltage control unit 21. If the first capacitor C1 is discharged quickly, it will cause damage to the electrical equipment. Therefore, the second resistor R2 connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1 is set to consume the energy stored in the first capacitor C1 faster, so that the voltage across the first capacitor C1 can return to the normal working voltage faster. Among them, the second resistor R2 with different resistance values can be selected according to actual needs, or the second resistor R2 is not used, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0089] It should be noted that in Figure 4 , the CHVIN interface can be used to obtain the input voltage provided by the external power supply; the Vout can be connected to the electrical equipment, and the Vout is used to output the voltage to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the same interface can be used to input or output the voltage. For example, Figure 5 , the Vout / Vin interface in is used to obtain the input voltage of the external power supply, or to output the voltage (such as outputting the first voltage or the second voltage). It should be noted that the charge-discharge management module 20 further includes a first resistor R1; the first resistor R1 is connected in parallel with any one of the Schottky diode D1 and the first capacitor C1.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 6 , in some embodiments, different interfaces can be used to input or output the voltage. For example, the input voltage of the external power supply can be obtained through the J1 interface, and the voltage can be output through the Vout / Vin interface to supply power to the electrical equipment. In this way, while charging the target battery BAT, the target battery BAT can also output the voltage, which is not affected by the charging input, so as to improve the flexibility of power supply. Specifically, the type of the J1 interface can be a TYPE-C interface.

[0092] It should be noted that in Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the J1 interface represents the charging interface module 30.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 7 , in some embodiments, the voltage regulating circuit further includes: a charging interface module 30;

[0094] The charging interface module 30 is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21;

[0095] The charging interface module 30 is used to obtain the input voltage, and the voltage control unit 21 is further used to control the battery module 10 to charge based on the input voltage.

[0096] The embodiment has the advantages that the input voltage is obtained through the charging interface module 30, and the charging function of the battery cell module 10 is realized based on the input voltage, so that the output voltage of the chargeable battery cell module 10 can be controlled, and the power supply reliability of the chargeable lithium ion battery is improved.

[0097] In some embodiments, the charging interface module 30 is an interface for connecting with an external power supply to obtain an input voltage. For example, the charging interface module 30 can include a USB interface, a Type-C interface, or the like.

[0098] In some embodiments, when the charging interface module 30 is connected with an external charging power supply, the voltage control unit 21 detects the charging voltage, and then controls the battery cell module 10 to enter a charging state to charge the battery cell module 10. Specifically, the charging can be performed in a trickle charging mode, a constant current charging mode, or a constant voltage charging mode, and the present embodiment is not limited in this regard.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the voltage regulation circuit further includes a power supply state indication module 40.

[0100] The power supply state indication module 40 is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21.

[0101] The power supply state indication module 40 is configured to indicate the charging and discharging state of the battery cell module 10. The voltage control unit 21 is further configured to control the power supply state indication module 40 to perform the indication when the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold.

[0102] The embodiment has the advantages that the charging and discharging state of the battery cell module 10 is indicated by the power supply state indication module 40. Specifically, the voltage control unit 21 can control the power supply state indication module 40 to indicate the power state of the battery cell module 10 when the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold, so that the user can be timely reminded of the low power of the battery cell module 10, and the safety of power supply is improved.

[0103] It should be noted that the power supply state indication module 40 is a module for indicating the power supply state (such as the charging state, the discharging state, the power state, etc.) of the battery cell module 10. Specifically, the power supply state indication module 40 can be configured to indicate that the battery cell module 10 is in a charging saturation state, a charging state, or the like. When the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is less than the target voltage threshold, the power supply state indication module 40 can indicate that the battery cell module 10 is in a low power state. In some embodiments, the power supply state indication module 40 can indicate the power supply state by emitting light, displaying information, or the like, and the present embodiment is not limited in this regard.

[0104] Please refer toFigure 4 to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the power status indicator module 40 includes a light-emitting diode;

[0105] The light-emitting diode is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21;

[0106] The voltage control unit 21 is used to control the light-emitting state of the light-emitting diode according to the charging and discharging state of the battery module 10.

[0107] The advantage of this embodiment is that the charging and discharging status of the battery module 10 is indicated by the light emission state of the LED. For example, the LED can light up red when the battery module 10 is charging. This indicates the power status of the battery module 10, thereby promptly reminding the user that the battery module 10 has low power and improving the safety of power supply.

[0108] In some embodiments, the power status indicator module 40 may include at least two light-emitting diodes (LEDs). For example, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the power status indicator module 40 includes two light-emitting diodes (LEDs): a first LED (LED1) and a second LED (LED2). Specifically, the light emission color of the first LED (LED1) and the second LED (LED2) can be different; for example, the first LED (LED1) can emit red light, and the second LED (LED2) can emit green light. For instance, when the battery module 10 is in a charging state, the first LED (LED1) emits red light; when the battery module 10 is in a fully charged state (i.e., fully charged), the second LED (LED2) emits green light.

[0109] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the power status indicator module 40 includes a light-emitting diode (LED). For example, when the battery module 10 is in the charging state, the LED flashes; when the battery module 10 is in the fully charged state (i.e., fully charged), the LED continues to light up.

[0110] Please see Figure 9 In some embodiments, the voltage control unit 21 includes a voltage comparator, a ramp generator, and a modulator;

[0111] Battery cell module 10 is electrically connected to a voltage comparator; the voltage comparator is electrically connected to a ramp generator; the modulator is electrically connected to a ramp generator.

[0112] The voltage comparator is used to compare the voltage of the cell module 10 with the target voltage threshold and outputs a voltage comparison signal;

[0113] The modulator is configured to control a modulation mode; and the ramp generator is configured to output a voltage control signal according to the voltage comparison signal in response to the modulation mode being a pulse width modulation mode.

[0114] The embodiment has an advantage that the voltage of the battery cell module 10 is regulated by the voltage control unit 21 composed of the voltage comparator, the ramp generator, and the modulator to output a variable voltage that decreases as the battery cell module 10 decreases in capacity.

[0115] In some embodiments, the voltage control unit 21 includes at least two voltage comparators, such as a first comparator COMP1, a second comparator COMP2, a third comparator COMP3, a fourth comparator CA, a fifth comparator VA, a sixth comparator MA, a seventh comparator EA, and an eighth comparator PWMCOMP in FIG. 1. Figure 9 In some embodiments, the voltage control unit 21 further includes a logic unit, a current feedback unit, and a driver.

[0116] In particular, the logic unit is electrically connected to the STD interface, and the STD interface is configured to be electrically connected to the second light emitting diode LED2 (see FIG. 1). Figure 4 The current feedback unit is electrically connected to the seventh comparator EA and the eighth comparator PWMCOMP. The ramp generator is electrically connected to the eighth comparator PWMCOMP. The modulator is electrically connected to the seventh comparator EA and the eighth comparator PWMCOMP.

[0117] In some embodiments, the voltage at the output terminal of the fourth comparator CA is 0.1V when the voltage input at the BAT port (i.e., the voltage output by the battery cell module 10) is less than or equal to 2.9V. The voltage at the output terminal of the fourth comparator CA is 1V when the voltage input at the BAT port is greater than 2.9V.

[0118] In some embodiments, the modulator can be a pulse width modulator / pulse frequency modulator (PWM / PFM selector). The pulse width modulator / pulse frequency modulator is configured to switch between a PWM (pulse width modulation) mode and a PFM (pulse frequency modulation) mode. For example, the voltage control signal output by the ramp generator is a PWM signal when the modulation mode is the pulse width modulation mode.

[0119] In some embodiments, the voltage regulating circuit further includes an over-temperature protection module (not shown in the figures);

[0120] The over-temperature protection module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21. The over-temperature protection module is configured to detect the temperature of the battery cell module 10 to perform over-temperature protection.

[0121] The embodiment has an advantage that the battery cell module 10 is protected against over-temperature by the over-temperature protection module, thereby improving the safety of use.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 4 to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the over-temperature protection module includes a thermistor RT.

[0123] One end of the thermistor RT is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 21, and the other end of the thermistor RT is grounded.

[0124] The advantage of this embodiment is that the over-temperature protection module protects the battery cell module 10 by the thermistor RT, reduces the possibility that the actual working temperature of the battery cell module 10 exceeds the upper limit temperature, and further improves the safety of use.

[0125] In some embodiments, the thermistor RT can be a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC). In another embodiment, the thermistor RT can also include other types of thermistors, such as a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC), without being limited thereto.

[0126] In some embodiments, the voltage control unit 21 includes an overcharge protection unit, an over-discharge protection unit, a short-circuit protection unit, an over-voltage protection unit, and an over-current protection unit (not shown in the figure):

[0127] The overcharge protection unit, the over-discharge protection unit, the short-circuit protection unit, the over-voltage protection unit, and the over-current protection unit are electrically connected to the battery cell module 10.

[0128] The over-current protection unit has a conduction state or a disconnection state, and the over-current protection unit is used to detect the current and switch from the conduction state to the disconnection state when the current is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold.

[0129] The advantage of this embodiment is that the over-current protection unit performs over-current protection, thereby improving the safety of use.

[0130] It should be noted that the overcharge protection unit is a circuit unit for performing overcharge protection; the over-discharge protection unit is a circuit unit for performing over-discharge protection; the short-circuit protection unit is a circuit unit for performing short-circuit protection; and the over-voltage protection unit is a circuit unit for performing over-voltage protection.

[0131] In some embodiments, the over-current protection unit can include a circuit breaker, a fuse, etc.

[0132] The embodiments of the present application also provide a lithium ion battery (not shown in the figure), which includes the above-mentioned voltage regulation circuit.

[0133] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to: the charging / discharging process of the lithium ion battery can be controlled and protected; overcharging, over-discharging, discharging rate, charging overheating, discharging overheating protection of the lithium ion battery can be performed, thereby improving the cycle life and use safety of the lithium ion battery; the USB interface or other charging devices (such as a battery charger) can be used for charging, and the lithium ion battery can be used to replace the current primary battery and nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery.

[0134] Specifically, the output voltage of the lithium ion battery can be 1.5V, that is, the lithium ion battery can be a 1.5V lithium ion battery. The output voltage of the lithium ion battery can also be other values, which are not limited.

[0135] In some embodiments, a plurality of lithium ion batteries can be used in series to provide greater electrical energy. When the voltage of the cell inside any one lithium ion battery is too low to continue discharging, the current output by the lithium ion battery connected in series can flow through the Schottky diode D1 inside the lithium ion battery to another lithium ion battery, so that each lithium ion battery can be fully discharged.

[0136] The specific implementation of the lithium ion battery is basically the same as that of the above-mentioned voltage regulation circuit, and will not be described here.

[0137] It should be noted that the non-company software tools or components appearing in the embodiments of the present application are only examples for introduction and do not represent actual use.

[0138] The embodiments described in the present application are used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of technology and the appearance of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0139] Those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and can include more or fewer steps than the figures shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0140] The device embodiments described above are only schematic, and the units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, that is, they can be located in one place, or distributed on multiple network units. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0141] Those skilled in the art can understand that the functional modules / units in the above-mentioned system and device can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware and their appropriate combinations.

[0142] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like in the description of this application and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of these terms herein is to be construed to cover the embodiments of this application in any order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising", "having", "including", and the like, when used in the specification, including the claims, are used to specify the presence of stated features, steps or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, components or groups thereof. The terminology used herein, such as "one or more", "at least one", "multiple", "two or more", "and / or" when used to describe a list of items, is intended to refer to the items individually or collectively. For example, "A and / or B" is intended to cover A alone, B alone, or A and B together. The term "consisting of is intended to be synonymous with "consisting only of such that when the phrase "consisting of is used, additional elements are not present. The term "consisting essentially of is intended to mean including additional elements that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the compositions or processes. The term "about" when used before a numerical designation, e.g., "about Y", indicates that the cap value of the numerical name can vary from the stated preferred numerical value by no more than 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 25% or as otherwise indicated.

[0143] It should be understood that, in this application, "at least one" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A, only B, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are a "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including single or multiple combinations. For example, at least one of a, b or c, can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0144] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are only illustrative, for example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. The coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0145] The above-mentioned units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or they can be distributed on multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment of the present application.

[0146] In addition, each function unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function unit.

[0147] When the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application, essentially or in part, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes multiple instructions used to cause a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various other media that can store programs.

[0148] The preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A voltage regulating circuit, characterized by, The voltage regulation circuit comprises: The battery cell module and the charge-discharge management module, the charge-discharge management module comprising a voltage control unit; The battery cell module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit; The voltage control unit is configured to detect the voltage of the battery cell module when the power supply state of the battery cell module is in a discharging state, and perform voltage conversion on the voltage of the battery cell module when the voltage of the battery cell module is greater than or equal to a preset target voltage threshold, and output a first voltage; the voltage control unit is also configured to perform voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery cell module when the voltage of the battery cell module is less than the target voltage threshold, and output a second voltage; wherein the second voltage is less than the first voltage.

2. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 1, wherein, The battery cell module comprises a target battery cell; the charge-discharge management module further comprises an inductor, a Schottky diode, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; One end of the target battery cell is electrically connected to the voltage control unit, and the other end of the target battery cell is grounded; the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the target battery cell; The voltage control unit is electrically connected to one end of the inductor; the other end of the inductor is electrically connected to the output end of the Schottky diode and one end of the first capacitor; the input end of the Schottky diode is grounded; the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

3. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage regulation circuit further comprises a charging interface module; The charging interface module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit; The charging interface module is configured to obtain an input voltage, and the voltage control unit is further configured to control the battery cell module to charge based on the input voltage.

4. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage regulation circuit further comprises a power supply state indication module; The power supply state indication module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit; The power supply state indication module is configured to indicate the charge-discharge state of the battery cell module; and the voltage control unit is further configured to control the power supply state indication module to perform indication when the voltage of the battery cell module is less than the target voltage threshold.

5. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 4, wherein, The power supply state indication module comprises a light-emitting diode; The light-emitting diode is electrically connected to the voltage control unit; The voltage control unit is configured to control the light-emitting state of the light-emitting diode according to the charge-discharge state of the battery cell module.

6. The voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The voltage control unit comprises a voltage comparator, a slope generator, and a modulator; The battery cell module is electrically connected to the voltage comparator; the voltage comparator is electrically connected to the slope generator; and the modulator is electrically connected to the slope generator; The voltage comparator is configured to compare the voltage of the battery cell module with the target voltage threshold and output a voltage comparison signal; The modulator is configured to control a modulation mode; and the slope generator is configured to output a voltage control signal according to the voltage comparison signal in response to the modulation mode being a pulse width modulation mode.

7. The voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The voltage regulation circuit further comprises an over-temperature protection module; The over-temperature protection module is electrically connected to the voltage control unit; and the over-temperature protection module is configured to detect the temperature of the battery cell module to perform over-temperature protection.

8. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 7, wherein, The over-temperature protection module comprises a thermistor; One end of the thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage control unit; and the other end of the thermistor is grounded.

9. The voltage regulating circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The voltage control unit comprises an overcharge protection unit, an overdischarge protection unit, a short circuit protection unit, an overvoltage protection unit, and an overcurrent protection unit. The overcharge protection unit, the overdischarge protection unit, the short circuit protection unit, the overvoltage protection unit, and the overcurrent protection unit are electrically connected to the cell module. The overcurrent protection unit has a conducting state or a disconnecting state, the overcurrent protection unit is configured to detect a current, and switch from the conducting state to the disconnecting state when the current is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold.

10. A lithium-ion battery, characterized by, The lithium ion battery comprises the voltage regulation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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