Tool changing mechanism of vertical machining center

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of vertical machining centers, and particularly relates to a vertical machining center tool changing mechanism which comprises a tool support, a self-lubricating mechanism, an anti-disengaging mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the self-lubricating mechanism comprises a tool support, a sliding groove and a rolling wheel, a bearing is fixedly installed in the middle of the rolling wheel, and an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly installed on a fixing shaft. The other end of the fixing shaft is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cutter head support, and the rolling wheel is movably installed in the sliding groove. According to the tool changing mechanism of the vertical machining center, through the design of the self-lubricating mechanism, when the tool changing mechanism is used, the fixed plate is jacked up through the rolling wheel, then lubricating oil in a lubricating oil cavity is sprayed to a bearing from an oil outlet through the design of a piston and a piston rod, redundant lubricating oil is left in a sliding groove, and the effect of lubricating and maintaining a sliding rail is achieved; and the device is prevented from being abraded in the long-term working process to affect use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of vertical machining centers, specifically a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical machining centers, as high-precision machining equipment widely used in modern manufacturing, rely heavily on their tool changing mechanisms. As the manufacturing industry moves towards higher precision, higher efficiency, and greater intelligence, the performance requirements for the tool changing mechanisms of machining centers are also increasing.

[0003] In the early development of machining centers, tool changing mechanisms were relatively simple. Traditional tool magazines mostly adopted a small, disc-shaped structure, which had a limited capacity, typically holding only a dozen or so tools. This was insufficient to meet the demands of frequent tool switching for machining complex parts. Furthermore, the tool magazine's drive mechanism often relied on simple mechanical transmissions, such as gears or chains. This resulted in slow rotation speeds, poor accuracy, and a significant amount of time spent selecting tools, severely limiting machining efficiency.

[0004] According to the patent application CN217728007U, "This utility model provides a detachable five-station tool changer for a multi-spindle vertical machining center, including a tool holder, an electric slide, a slide block, a tool head holder, a reducer, a support motor, a working tool head, and a movable clamping seat structure. The electric slide is bolted to the lower end of the tool holder, and a slide block is bolted between the electric slide and the tool head holder. The reducer is bolted to the right side of the front end of the tool head holder, and its rear end passes through the tool head holder and is axially connected to the working tool head. The support motor is bolted to the front end of the reducer. A movable clamping seat structure supports the outside of the working tool head. This utility model, through the movable clamping seat structure, provides anti-slip protection during tool clamping and also increases the fastening effect at the tool mounting point."

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned related technologies, the inventors believe that when using guide rails, it is necessary to lubricate them frequently; otherwise, wear will occur during long-term use, affecting their operation. Frequent maintenance is also time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, there is a limitation on the number of tools that can be clamped on the tool turret. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center, comprising a tool holder, an electric slide rail fixedly mounted at the bottom of the tool holder, a tool disc holder movably mounted on the electric slide rail, a power unit fixedly mounted at the bottom of the tool disc holder, a tool disc fixedly mounted at the bottom of the power unit, and a clamp movably mounted inside the tool disc; the tool changing mechanism for the vertical machining center includes a self-lubricating mechanism, an anti-detachment mechanism, and a clamping mechanism, the self-lubricating mechanism including a tool holder, a slide groove, and a roller, a bearing fixedly mounted in the middle part of the roller, the inner ring of the bearing fixedly mounted on a fixed shaft, the other end of the fixed shaft fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the tool disc holder, and the roller movably mounted in the slide groove.

[0008] Preferably, the tool holder has multiple sets of lubricating oil chambers, an oil injection port is provided above the lubricating oil chamber, and an oil injection pipe is fixedly installed outside the oil injection port.

[0009] Preferably, a piston chamber is provided at the top opening of the lubricating oil chamber, a piston is movably installed in the piston chamber, a piston rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston, and the piston rod is movably installed on the top plate through a connecting piece.

[0010] Preferably, a spring is fixedly installed on the top plate, an oil outlet is provided on the side of the slide groove, a limiting block is fixedly installed in the oil outlet near the lubricating oil cavity, and a limiting block is provided at the other end of the oil outlet.

[0011] Preferably, a conical spring is fixedly installed on the second limiting block, and a partition is fixedly installed on the other end of the conical spring. Both the first limiting block and the second limiting block are annular limiting blocks. The diameter of the partition is larger than the inner ring diameter of the first limiting block. When the device is not in operation, the partition completely abuts against the first limiting block under the action of the conical spring, so that the oil outlet remains sealed.

[0012] Preferably, the anti-detachment mechanism includes a cutter disc bracket, a motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cutter disc bracket, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly installed on a threaded rod, an adjusting nut is movably installed on the threaded rod via threads, a pressure plate is movably installed below the adjusting nut, the end of the adjusting nut is fixedly installed at the middle position of the cutter disc, a spring groove is provided at the middle position of the cutter disc, a second spring is fixedly installed in the spring groove, and when the adjusting nut is at the top of the threaded rod, the pressure plate moves upward under the action of the second spring.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a cutter head and a clamp. The cutter head is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots. The clamp is movably installed in the mounting slots. A spring is fixedly installed inside the clamp. The other end of the spring is fixedly installed on a clamping plate. The other end of the clamping plate is fixedly installed on the clamp via a fixed shaft.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. The tool changing mechanism of this vertical machining center, through the design of a self-lubricating mechanism, lifts the fixed plate by rollers during use, and then, through the design of the piston and piston rod, sprays the lubricating oil in the lubrication chamber from the oil outlet to the bearing. Excess lubricating oil is left in the slide groove, which plays a role in lubricating and maintaining the slide rail, and avoids wear during long-term operation of the device, thus affecting its use.

[0016] 2. The tool changing mechanism of this vertical machining center features a modular design that allows for the detachable tool holder. The tool holder can be installed according to the number of tools required for replacement in actual production. When the number of tools needs to be increased, new modules can be easily added to the existing tool magazine without requiring large-scale modifications to the entire tool magazine, thus saving costs and time. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is the second perspective view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the self-lubricating mechanism of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the self-lubricating mechanism of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the cutter head portion of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Tool holder, 2. Electric slide rail, 3. Tool head holder, 4. Power unit, 5. Tool head, 6. Clamp, 201. Slide groove, 202. Roller, 203. Oil injection pipe, 204. Oil injection port, 205. Lubricating oil chamber, 206. Piston chamber, 207. Piston, 208. Piston rod, 209. Top plate, 210. Spring 1, 211. Oil outlet, 212. Limiting block 1, 213. Partition plate, 214. Conical spring, 215. Limiting block 2, 301. Motor, 302. Adjusting nut, 303. Threaded rod, 304. Spring 2, 305. Mounting groove, 306. Spring 3, 307. Clamping plate, 308. Fixed shaft, 309. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] Please see Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center, including a tool holder 1, an electric slide rail 2 fixedly installed at the bottom of the tool holder 1, a tool disc holder 3 movably installed on the electric slide rail 2, a power unit 4 fixedly installed at the bottom of the tool disc holder 3, a tool disc 5 fixedly installed at the bottom of the power unit 4, and a clamp 6 movably installed inside the tool disc 5; the tool changing mechanism for the vertical machining center includes a self-lubricating mechanism, an anti-detachment mechanism, and a clamping mechanism, the self-lubricating mechanism including the tool holder 1, a slide groove 201, and a roller 202, a bearing fixedly installed in the middle part of the roller 202, the inner ring of the bearing fixedly installed on a fixed shaft, the other end of the fixed shaft fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tool disc holder 3, and the roller 202 movably installed in the slide groove 201.

[0027] The tool holder 1 is provided with multiple sets of lubricating oil chambers 205. An oil inlet 204 is provided above the lubricating oil chamber 205. An oil inlet pipe 203 is fixedly installed on the outside of the oil inlet 204.

[0028] A piston chamber 206 is provided at the top of the lubricating oil chamber 205. A piston 207 is movably installed in the piston chamber 206. A piston rod 208 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston 207. The piston rod 208 is movably installed on the top plate 209 through a connector.

[0029] A spring 210 is fixedly installed on the top plate 209. An oil outlet 211 is provided on the side of the slide groove 201. A limit block 212 is fixedly installed in the oil outlet 211 near the lubricating oil chamber 205. A limit block 215 is provided at the other end of the oil outlet 211.

[0030] A conical spring 214 is fixedly installed on the second limiting block 215. A partition 213 is fixedly installed on the other end of the conical spring 214. Both the first limiting block 212 and the second limiting block 215 are annular limiting blocks. The diameter of the partition 213 is larger than the inner ring diameter of the first limiting block 212. When the device is not in operation, the partition 213 completely abuts against the first limiting block 212 under the action of the conical spring 214, so that the oil outlet 211 remains sealed.

[0031] When tool replacement is required, the drive tool holder 3 moves on the electric slide rail 2. When the roller 202 moves below the top plate 209, it lifts the top plate 209, which in turn lifts the piston 207 via the piston rod 208. This forces the lubricating oil in the lubrication chamber 205 to be discharged from the oil outlet 211. Under the action of oil pressure, the partition 213 is opened, and the oil outlet 211 is connected, spraying the lubricating oil from the oil outlet 211 onto the bearing on the roller 202. Excess lubricating oil remains in the slide groove 201. When the tool holder 3 continues to move forward, it releases the support for the top plate 209. The top plate 209 is reset under the action of the spring 210, and the partition 213 is reset under the action of the conical spring 214, resealing the lubrication chamber 205 to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing out.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] Please see Figures 5-6 This utility model provides a technical solution: a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center. The anti-detachment mechanism includes a tool disc support 3. A motor 301 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tool disc support 3. The output shaft of the motor 301 is fixedly installed on a threaded rod 303. An adjusting nut 302 is movably installed on the threaded rod 303 via a thread. A pressure plate 309 is movably installed below the adjusting nut 302. The end of the adjusting nut 302 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the tool disc 5. A spring groove is provided at the middle position of the tool disc 5. A second spring 304 is fixedly installed in the spring groove. When the adjusting nut 302 is at the top of the threaded rod 303, the pressure plate 309 moves upward under the action of the second spring 304.

[0034] The clamping mechanism includes a cutter head 5 and a clamp 6. The cutter head 5 is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots 305. The clamp 6 is movably installed in the mounting slots 305. A spring 306 is fixedly installed in the clamp 6. The other end of the spring 306 is fixedly installed on the clamping plate 307. The other end of the clamping plate 307 is fixedly installed on the clamp 6 through a fixing shaft 308.

[0035] When the number of fixtures 6 needs to be adjusted, rotate the adjusting nut 302. The pressure plate 309 moves upward under the action of the second spring 304. At this time, install fixtures 6 according to the number of tools to be replaced for processing, and make them lock in the mounting groove 305. Rotate the adjusting nut 302 to make the pressure plate 309 close to the tool disc 5 to prevent the fixtures 6 from falling off the mounting groove 305. At the same time, the fixtures 6 are equipped with clamping plates 307 to hold the tools. When the tools need to be replaced, start the motor 301 to rotate the appropriate tool for replacement.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center, comprising a tool holder (1), characterized in that: An electric slide rail (2) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tool holder (1), a tool disc holder (3) is movably installed on the electric slide rail (2), a power device (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tool disc holder (3), a tool disc (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the power device (4), and a clamp (6) is movably installed inside the tool disc (5). The tool changing mechanism of the vertical machining center includes a self-lubricating mechanism, an anti-detachment mechanism, and a clamping mechanism. The self-lubricating mechanism includes a tool holder (1), a slide groove (201), and a roller (202). A bearing is fixedly installed in the middle part of the roller (202). The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly installed on a fixed shaft. The other end of the fixed shaft is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tool holder (3). The roller (202) is movably installed in the slide groove (201).

2. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder (1) is provided with multiple sets of lubricating oil chambers (205), and an oil inlet (204) is provided above the lubricating oil chamber (205). An oil inlet pipe (203) is fixedly installed on the outside of the oil inlet (204).

3. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: A piston chamber (206) is provided at the top of the lubricating oil chamber (205). A piston (207) is movably installed in the piston chamber (206). A piston rod (208) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston (207). The piston rod (208) is movably installed on the top plate (209) through a connector.

4. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spring (210) is fixedly installed on the top plate (209). An oil outlet (211) is provided on the side of the slide groove (201). A limiting block (212) is fixedly installed in the oil outlet (211) near the lubricating oil chamber (205). A limiting block (215) is provided at the other end of the oil outlet (211).

5. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: A conical spring (214) is fixedly installed on the second limiting block (215), and a partition plate (213) is fixedly installed on the other end of the conical spring (214). Both the first limiting block (212) and the second limiting block (215) are annular limiting blocks. The diameter of the partition plate (213) is larger than the inner ring diameter of the first limiting block (212). When the device is not in operation, the partition plate (213) completely abuts against the first limiting block (212) under the action of the conical spring (214), so that the oil outlet (211) remains sealed.

6. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anti-detachment machine includes a cutter disc support (3), a motor (301) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cutter disc support (3), the output shaft of the motor (301) is fixedly installed on a threaded rod (303), an adjusting nut (302) is movably installed on the threaded rod (303) through a thread, a pressure plate (309) is movably installed below the adjusting nut (302), the end of the adjusting nut (302) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the cutter disc (5), a spring groove is provided at the middle position of the cutter disc (5), a second spring (304) is fixedly installed in the spring groove, when the adjusting nut (302) is at the top of the threaded rod (303), the pressure plate (309) moves upward under the action of the second spring (304).

7. A tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a cutter head (5) and a clamp (6). The cutter head (5) is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots (305). The clamp (6) is movably installed in the mounting slots (305). A spring (306) is fixedly installed in the clamp (6). The other end of the spring (306) is fixedly installed on the clamping plate (307). The other end of the clamping plate (307) is fixedly installed on the clamp (6) through a fixed shaft (308).

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