Opening and closing mechanism of rack type door and door

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automatic door opening and closing structures, and discloses an opening and closing mechanism of a rack type door and the door, the opening and closing mechanism of the rack type door comprises a gear box, a rack and a driving mechanism, the gear box comprises an inner access opening and an outer access opening, the gear box is hinged to one end, away from a door shaft, of a door plate, and the inner access opening is located above the door plate; a main gear is arranged in the gearbox, the rack enters and exits the gearbox through the inner entrance and the outer entrance and is meshed with the main gear in the gearbox, and the end, extending out of the inner entrance, of the rack is used for being hinged to a door frame or a wall. The driving mechanism drives the main gear to rotate positively and negatively. The rack serves as a supporting rod, the gear box is hinged to the end away from the door shaft, the rack can obtain the maximum force arm, and the power of the driving mechanism is greatly reduced; resistance can be reduced under special conditions such as power failure or incapability of starting a driving mechanism, and manual opening or closing is facilitated; and installation and maintenance are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of automatic door opening and closing structure, and particularly relates to an opening and closing mechanism and door of a rack and pinion door. Background Technology

[0002] Air doors are crucial structures in mine ventilation systems. They isolate airflow, creating conditions for the on-demand distribution of mine airflow and ensuring personnel safety. However, mine air doors are relatively heavy, requiring automatic opening and closing mechanisms for operation.

[0003] Currently, the main way to open dampers is by linkage, or by hinged cylinders on the side of the door and the other end to the door frame to open and close the door. Because the actual working lever arm is short, the energy utilization rate is low. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an opening and closing mechanism for a rack and pinion door and a door in general. The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A rack and pinion door opening and closing mechanism includes a gearbox, a rack, and a drive mechanism. The gearbox includes an inner entrance and an outer entrance. The gearbox is hinged to the end of the door panel away from the door hinge, and the inner entrance is located above the door panel. A main gear is provided inside the gearbox. The rack enters and exits the gearbox through the inner entrance and the outer entrance, and meshes with the main gear inside the gearbox. The end of the rack extending out of the inner entrance is used to hinge to the door frame or wall. The drive mechanism is used to drive the main gear to rotate in both directions.

[0006] The rack and pinion door opening and closing mechanism of this utility model uses a rack that comes out from the inner entrance and acts as a rigid support rod. The door is then pushed open by the hinge point that is hinged to the door frame or wall. Since the gearbox is hinged to the end away from the door axis, it obtains the maximum lever arm, which can significantly reduce the power of the drive mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, and also includes a mounting frame. The reducer is a planetary reducer. The input shaft of the planetary reducer is driven to the output shaft of the motor, and the output shaft of the planetary reducer is driven to the main gear. The mounting frame is provided with a pin hole and a pin assembly. The pin assembly includes a pin that is retractably disposed in the pin hole. The outer casing of the planetary reducer is provided with a limiting hole, and the pin passes through the pin hole and is inserted into the limiting hole.

[0008] When the pin of this invention is inserted into the limiting hole, the housing of the reducer is fixed and it is used as a normal reducer. When the pin is pulled out of the limiting hole, the housing of the reducer is in a floating state. When the door is opened or closed manually, the housing of the reducer rotates, which acts as a clutch and disconnects the power connection between the reducer and the motor output shaft, thus avoiding the resistance caused by the reduction ratio.

[0009] Specifically, the planetary reducer includes a sun gear, planetary gears, a planet carrier, an output shaft, and an input shaft. The housing has an internal gear ring that meshes with at least three planetary gears. The sun gear is coaxial with the housing and meshes with the planetary gears. When the sun gear rotates, the planetary gears rotate synchronously within the housing. The planet carrier is connected to the planetary gears and is coaxial with the sun gear. One end of the output shaft is coaxially connected to the planet carrier, and the other end is used for transmission connection to the output end. One end of the input shaft is coaxially connected to the sun gear, and the other end is used for transmission connection to the motor.

[0010] In this invention, when the pin is inserted into the limiting hole, the housing of the planetary reducer is fixed. During use, the motor drives the sun gear to rotate through the input shaft. During the rotation of the sun gear, at least three planetary gears meshing with it rotate. The three planetary gears are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft. While rotating, the planetary gears revolve around the sun gear along the circular trajectory formed by the internal gear ring on the housing. During the revolution, the planetary gears drive the planet carrier to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft through the planet carrier, and then to other output ends.

[0011] Once the pin is removed from the limiting hole, the reducer housing is no longer fixed to the mounting frame and can rotate freely around its axis, remaining in a floating state. External force drives the output shaft to rotate. The output shaft is fixedly connected to the planetary carrier, so the planetary carrier rotates, driving the planetary gears to rotate. Since the reducer housing is in a floating state at this time, with the sun gear remaining stationary, the housing will rotate along with the planetary carrier. That is, the output shaft rotates while keeping the motor rotor fixed, which is much easier than driving the motor rotor to rotate with the housing fixed. In other words, this method acts like a clutch.

[0012] Furthermore, the motor is mounted below the gearbox, and the main gear is connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a bevel gear set.

[0013] This invention mounts the motor below the gearbox and uses a bevel gear set to change the rotation angle of the gears, making installation more convenient.

[0014] Furthermore, the output shaft of the motor is provided with a hole one, and the input shaft of the reducer is connected to a bushing, and the bushing is provided with a hole two; the hole one and the hole two correspond to each other, and the hole one and the hole two are connected by a pin.

[0015] The above-mentioned technical features of this utility model enable the rapid installation and disassembly of the motor and the reducer.

[0016] Furthermore, the end face of the motor is provided with a positioning pin and a notch; the mounting frame is provided with a positioning pin hole and a fixing bolt through hole, the positioning pin is adapted to the positioning pin hole, and the notch is adapted to the fixing bolt through hole.

[0017] The above-mentioned technical features of this utility model enable the rapid installation and disassembly of the motor and the mounting frame.

[0018] Furthermore, the pin assembly also includes a sleeve, a sleeve end cap, and a spring; the sleeve is disposed on the mounting frame and is coaxially arranged with the pin hole; the sleeve end cap is fixed to the sealing end of the sleeve and has a through hole through which the pin can pass; the pin has a limiting platform located in the sleeve, and a spring is provided between the sleeve end cap and the limiting platform.

[0019] Furthermore, a buffer mechanism is provided inside the limiting hole.

[0020] This invention, by setting a buffer mechanism, can significantly reduce the impact on various parts caused by the large torque at the moment of motor startup, making the door opening and closing smoother.

[0021] The second objective of this utility model is to provide a door, including a door panel, a door hinge, a door frame, wherein the door panel is hinged to the door frame via the door hinge, and the opening and closing mechanism of the aforementioned rack and pinion door.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0023] The rack and pinion door opening and closing mechanism of this utility model uses a rack that emerges from the inner entrance and acts as a rigid support rod. Because the gearbox is hinged to the end furthest from the door hinge, the rack exiting from the inner entrance achieves maximum lever arm, significantly reducing the power required for the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is connected to the main gear via a clutch-like structure, reducing resistance and facilitating manual opening or closing in special circumstances such as power outages or when the drive mechanism cannot start. The motor is mounted below the gearbox, and a bevel gear set is used to change the gear rotation angle, simplifying installation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door of this utility model from another angle.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox and the drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 2 Sectional view at point BB;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the sun gear, planet gears, and the outer casing structure of a planetary gear reducer (planet carrier is not shown).

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0032] 1. Gearbox; 2. Rack; 3. Main gear; 4. Motor; 5. Planetary reducer; 6. Mounting frame; 7. Pin assembly; 8. Limiting hole; 9. Bevel gear set; 10. Shaft sleeve; 11. Locating pin; 12. Notch; 13. End plate; 14. Planetary gear; 15. Pin; 16. Sun gear; 17. Spring; 18. Sleeve; 19. Sleeve end cap; 20. Limiting platform; 21. Housing; 23. Door panel; 24. Door hinge; 25. Door frame. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, a more detailed description of this utility model is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] like Figures 1-7As shown, a rack and pinion door opening and closing mechanism includes a gearbox 1, a rack 2, and a drive mechanism. The gearbox 1 includes an inner entrance and an outer entrance. The gearbox 1 is hinged to the end of the door panel 23 away from the door hinge 24, and the inner entrance is located above the door panel 23. A main gear 3 is provided inside the gearbox 1. The rack 2 passes through the inner entrance and the outer entrance and meshes with the main gear 3 inside the gearbox 1. The end of the rack 2 extending out of the inner entrance is used to hinge to the door frame 25 or the wall. The drive mechanism is used to drive the main gear 3 to rotate in both directions. The drive mechanism includes a motor 4 and a reducer, and also includes a mounting frame 6. The reducer is a planetary reducer 5. The main gear 3 is connected to the planetary reducer 5 via a bevel gear set 9. The input shaft of the planetary reducer 5 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 4, and the output shaft of the planetary reducer 5 is connected to the main gear 3. The mounting frame 6 is provided with a pin hole and a pin assembly 7. The pin assembly 7 includes a sleeve 18, a sleeve end cap 19, a pin 15, and a spring 17. The sleeve 18 is mounted on the mounting frame 6 and is coaxially arranged with the pin hole. The sleeve end cap 19 is fixed to the sealing end of the sleeve 18 and has a through hole through which the pin 15 can pass. The pin 15 is provided with a limiting platform 20, which is located in the sleeve 18. A spring 17 is provided on the pin 15 between the sleeve end cap 19 and the limiting platform 20. The pin 15 is telescopically located in the pin hole. The planetary reducer 5 has a limiting hole 8 on its housing 21. A pin 15 passes through this pin hole and is inserted into the limiting hole 8. When the pin 15 is pulled out of the limiting hole 8, it effectively disengages the reducer from the motor 4, thus functioning as a clutch. Furthermore, the output shaft of the motor 4 has a first hole, and a bushing 10 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer. The bushing 10 has a second hole. The first hole and the second hole correspond to each other and are connected by a pin, allowing for quick installation and disassembly of the motor 4 and the reducer. The end plate 13 of the motor 4 has a positioning pin 11 and a notch 12. The mounting frame 6 has a positioning pin hole and a fixing bolt through hole, enabling quick installation and disassembly of the motor 4 and the mounting frame 6.

[0036] In operation, when the rack and pinion door's opening and closing mechanism is activated to open the door, the drive mechanism drives the main gear 3 to rotate, which in turn drives the rack 2 to enter from the outer entrance and exit from the inner entrance. After exiting from the inner entrance, the rack 2 acts as a rigid support rod, using the hinge point on the door frame 25 as a fulcrum to push the door open. Because the gearbox 1 is hinged at the end away from the door pivot 24, the rack 2 exiting from the inner entrance has a large lever arm, which can significantly reduce the power of the drive mechanism. When the rack and pinion door's opening and closing mechanism is activated to close the door, the drive mechanism drives the main gear 3 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the rack 2 to enter the gearbox from the inner entrance and exit from the outer entrance, thus closing the door.

[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the rack and pinion door opening and closing mechanism is running under normal conditions, the pin 15 is inserted into the limiting hole 8, and the housing 21 of the planetary reducer 5 is fixed, and it is used as a normal reducer. The drive motor drives the sun gear 16 to rotate through the input shaft. During the rotation of the sun gear 16, it drives the three planet gears 14 that mesh with it to rotate. The three planet gears 14 are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier. The planet carrier is fixedly connected to the output shaft. While rotating, the planet gears 14 revolve along the circular trajectory formed by the internal gear ring provided on the housing 21, forming a "revolution" motion around the sun gear 16. During the revolution, the planet gears 14 drive the planet carrier to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft through the planet carrier, and then to other output ends. In special circumstances such as power failure or drive mechanism malfunction preventing startup, opening and closing the door without disengaging the reducer would require enormous force due to the reducer's large differential ratio, making it difficult to operate manually. In such cases, removing pin 15 from the limiting hole 8 removes the reducer housing 21 from the mounting frame, allowing it to rotate freely around its axis and remain in a floating state. External force drives the output shaft to rotate, which is fixedly connected to the planetary carrier. As the planetary carrier rotates, it drives the planetary gear 14 to rotate. Since the reducer housing 21 is now floating, it rotates along with the planetary carrier while the sun gear 16 remains stationary. This achieves output shaft rotation while keeping the motor rotor fixed, which is much easier than driving the motor rotor with a fixed housing. This method acts like a clutch, disconnecting the power connection between the reducer output shaft and the motor 4 output shaft, avoiding the resistance caused by the reduction ratio. Manual operation is possible without the need for an additional clutch; the rotation of the output shaft enables manual opening or closing.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] like Figure 7As shown, a door includes a door panel 23, a door hinge 24, and a door frame 25. The door panel 23 is hinged to the door frame 25 via the door hinge 24. It also includes an opening and closing mechanism for a rack and pinion door as described in Embodiment 1.

[0040] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rack and pinion door opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that, The device includes a gearbox, a rack, and a drive mechanism. The gearbox has an inner entrance and an outer entrance. The gearbox is hinged to the end of the door panel away from the door hinge, and the inner entrance is located above the door panel. A main gear is provided inside the gearbox. The rack enters and exits the gearbox through the inner entrance and the outer entrance, and meshes with the main gear inside the gearbox. The end of the rack extending out of the inner entrance is used to hinge to the door frame or wall. The drive mechanism is used to drive the main gear to rotate in both directions.

2. The opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, and also includes a mounting frame. The reducer is a planetary reducer. The input shaft of the planetary reducer is driven to the output shaft of the motor, and the output shaft of the planetary reducer is driven to the main gear. The mounting frame is provided with a pin hole and a pin assembly. The pin assembly includes a pin that is retractably disposed in the pin hole. The outer casing of the planetary reducer is provided with a limiting hole, and the pin passes through the pin hole and is inserted into the limiting hole.

3. The opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor is mounted below the gearbox, and the main gear is connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a bevel gear set.

4. The opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor output shaft has a hole one, and the input shaft of the reducer is connected to a bushing, which has a hole two; hole one corresponds to hole two, and hole one and hole two are connected by a pin.

5. The opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door according to claim 4, characterized in that, The motor end face is provided with a positioning pin and a notch; the mounting frame is provided with a positioning pin hole and a fixing bolt through hole, the positioning pin is adapted to the positioning pin hole, and the notch is adapted to the fixing bolt through hole.

6. The opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pin assembly further includes a sleeve, a sleeve end cap, and a spring; the sleeve is disposed on the mounting frame and is coaxially arranged with the pin hole; the sleeve end cap is fixed to the sealing end of the sleeve and has a through hole through which the pin can pass; the pin has a limiting platform located in the sleeve, and a spring is provided between the sleeve end cap and the limiting platform.

7. The opening and closing mechanism of the rack and pinion door according to claim 6, characterized in that, A buffer mechanism is provided inside the limiting hole.

8. A door, comprising a door panel, a door hinge, and a door frame, wherein the door panel is hinged to the door frame via the door hinge, and an opening and closing mechanism for a rack and pinion door as described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images