Testing device for simulating tunnel excavation while lining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a test device for simulating excavation and lining of a tunnel, which comprises a bottom plate, a track is arranged on the bottom plate, a sliding plate is movably arranged on the track, a driving device is arranged on the sliding plate, one end of the driving device is connected with an excavation device for driving the excavation device to rotate, and the other end of the driving device is connected with a lining device for driving the excavation device to rotate. And a slag storage device is arranged on the excavation device. The tunnel excavation device is low in manufacturing cost and convenient to use, the excavation depth can be prolonged through the coupler and the drill rod, and the tunnel excavation device is very suitable for tunnel excavation tests in geomechanical model tests; the phenomenon that the test process is influenced by difficult removal of waste residues is avoided; the construction process of supporting while excavating the tunnel in actual engineering can be simulated, and the defect that only the excavation process is simulated in the previous test is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underground engineering model testing technology, and in particular to a test device for simulating tunnel excavation and lining. Background Technology

[0002] Physical model testing, based on similarity theory and experimental mechanics, establishes physical models by configuring similar materials. Through loading, excavation, support, and monitoring of a large-scale physical model, it studies the stress, deformation state, yielding, and cracking processes of a scaled-down physical model under various loads and environmental factors. Physical model testing can simulate the actual working conditions of in-service buildings, considering multiple factors and complex boundary conditions. It can not only directly reveal the changes in buildings under external factors but also provide a reliable basis for establishing and verifying mathematical models, conducting numerical analysis, and theoretical analysis.

[0003] Tunnel model testing, as a type of physical model testing, is often used to study the safety and stability performance of tunnels during the excavation and service phases. However, existing technologies face challenges such as difficulty in muck removal and high costs, and are also difficult to simulate the construction process of tunnels being excavated and supported simultaneously in actual engineering projects. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a test device for simulating tunnel excavation and lining simultaneously. This test device can simulate the construction process of tunnel excavation and support simultaneously in actual engineering projects, thus improving upon the shortcomings of previous tests that only simulated the excavation process.

[0005] To achieve the above technical solution, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A test device for simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel includes a support device, an excavation device, a drive device, and lining pieces. The support device includes a base plate with a track on it. A sliding plate is movably mounted on the track. The drive device is mounted on the sliding plate, and one end of the drive device is connected to the excavation device and used to drive the excavation device to rotate. The lining pieces are used to adhere to the inner wall of the tunnel after excavation.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the drive device includes a motor, a fixed frame, and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being connected to the excavation device via a coupling.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the excavation device includes a drill rod, a slag collector, and a slag remover. One end of the drill rod is connected to the shaft of the drive device via a coupling, and the other end of the drill rod is connected to the slag collector. Waste slag is discharged from the tunnel through the slag collector and the slag remover.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the slag collector includes a drill bit guide and drill bit angle teeth, and the slag remover includes an iron rod and a fan-shaped iron plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the track is provided with graduations along the moving direction of the driving device.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the lining sheet is cast from a similar material developed in-house. The lining sheet is one-third of a hollow cylinder, and the three lining sheets can be seamlessly and perfectly spliced ​​onto the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. This utility model patent has low cost and is easy to use. It can extend the excavation depth through coupling and drill rod, and is very suitable for tunnel excavation tests in geomechanical model tests.

[0014] 2. This utility model patent makes slag removal convenient and does not have the problem of waste residue being difficult to remove and affecting the experimental process.

[0015] 3. This utility model patent can simulate the construction process of tunnel excavation and support in actual engineering, which improves the shortcomings of previous tests that only simulated the excavation process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive device in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slag remover of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lining sheet of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. The terms "above" and "below" mentioned in this embodiment are consistent with the directions above and below the drawings themselves, and are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered as within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

[0022] Figures 1 to 4An experimental device simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel is disclosed. The driving device includes a motor 1, a fixed frame 2, and a rotating shaft 3. The support device includes a base plate 4, a track 5, and fixing screws 6. The excavation device includes a drill bit guide 7 and drill bit teeth 8. The slag remover includes an iron rod 9 and a fan-shaped iron plate 20. A sliding plate 11 can slide back and forth along the track 5 on the support device. The motor 1 is fixed to the sliding plate 11, and the tunnel is excavated by sliding the sliding plate 11 forward. Waste slag is discharged from the tunnel through a slag collector 12 and a slag remover. After excavating a certain distance, lining pieces 15 are pasted using strong sponge strips and long thin clamps. The process is repeated after excavating the next section of the tunnel, simulating the simultaneous excavation and support process of a tunnel in actual engineering.

[0023] Motor 1 is fixed to slide plate 11 via mounting bracket 2 and fixing screw 6. Rotary shaft 3 is connected to drill rod 17 via coupling 16. Coupling 16 can also be used to connect drill rod 17 for excavating long tunnels. The track 5 on the support device is similar to a train track, with two concave upper and lower tracks 5 restricting the horizontal movement of small pulley 18. Slide plate 11 connects to small pulley 18, sliding on track 5 to drive the tunneling equipment in the process of excavating the tunnel. The length of track 5 is the same as the total length of a drill rod 17 plus slide plate 11. Track 5 has clear markings 19. Motor 1 slides from 0 to the maximum of marking 19 on track 5. The depth of the excavated tunnel can be determined by the position of motor 1. After motor 1 reaches the maximum of marking 19, the rotating shaft 3 connected to coupling 16 is removed, and motor 1 is slid back to 0 of marking 19. Then, a new drill rod 17 is connected via coupling 16 to continue excavating the tunnel.

[0024] The drill bit guide 7 in the excavation device is used to precisely control the excavation direction of the tunnel. The outer diameter of the front half of the drill bit guide 7 is the same as the diameter of the excavated tunnel, and the outer diameter of the rear half is slightly smaller than the diameter of the excavated tunnel. This space is used to place the slag container 12. The drill bit teeth 8 are in six rows. The excavated tunnel is a circular tunnel, just like the drill bit teeth 8 in actual engineering. The excavated waste falls into the drill bit guide 7 in a fixed direction. The slag container 12 is shaped like a 180° hollow fan-shaped column "scoop". The inner diameter of the "scoop" is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rear half of the drill bit guide 7. The outer diameter of the "scoop" is the same as the diameter of the excavated tunnel. The front half of the "scoop" is located under the drill bit guide 7 to prevent the excavated waste from falling into the tunnel. The outer diameter of the fan-shaped iron plate 20 is the same as the inner diameter of the drill bit guide 7. It is connected to the iron rod 9 to form a slag remover, which is used to scrape the waste located in the drill bit guide 7 into the slag container 12. The waste scattered in the tunnel is removed by a vacuum cleaner.

[0025] Lining piece 15 is cast from a similar material developed in-house. Lining piece 15 is one-third of a hollow cylinder. Three lining pieces 15 can be seamlessly and perfectly spliced ​​onto the inner wall of the tunnel. The outer diameter of lining piece 15 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the excavated tunnel. When pasting lining piece 15, the similar material used to make lining piece 15 is applied to the outer wall of lining piece 15. The outer diameter of lining piece 15 with the applied material is equal to the diameter of the excavated tunnel. Strong sponge adhesive strip 13 is attached to the inner wall of lining piece 15. Long thin clips are used to hold the strong sponge adhesive strip and attach lining piece 15 to the designated position on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0026] The working principle of this utility model:

[0027] 1. Place the test device in the designated position, align the excavation device with the tunnel to be excavated, and place the slag container 12 under the excavation device;

[0028] 2. Push the tunneling system forward to excavate a specified distance, use a slag remover to scrape the waste slag in the drill bit guide 7 into the slag storage container 12, dump the waste slag, and use a vacuum cleaner to remove the waste slag scattered in the tunnel;

[0029] 3. Apply a similar material to the lining sheet 15, such as gypsum, to the outer surface of the lining sheet 15. Attach a strong sponge strip to the inner surface of the lining sheet 15. Use long, thin clips to hold the strong sponge strip and attach the three lining sheets 15 to the designated positions on the inner wall of the tunnel, so that they are seamlessly and perfectly spliced ​​onto the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0030] 4. If it is necessary to excavate a long tunnel, connect the drill rod 17 through the coupling 16 to continue excavation, slag removal and lining until the test is completed.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel, characterized in that: The device includes a support device, an excavation device, a drive device, and a lining plate (15). The support device includes a base plate (4), a track (5) is provided on the base plate (4), a sliding plate (11) is movably provided on the track, the drive device is provided on the sliding plate (11), one end of the drive device is connected to the excavation device and is used to drive the excavation device to rotate, and the lining plate (15) is used to adhere to the inner wall of the tunnel after excavation.

2. The experimental device for simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a motor (1), a fixed frame (2) and a rotating shaft (3), which is connected to the excavation device via a coupling (16).

3. The experimental device for simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The excavation device includes a drill rod (17), a slag collector (12), and a slag remover. One end of the drill rod (17) is connected to the shaft (3) of the drive device via a coupling (16), and the other end of the drill rod (17) is connected to the slag collector (12). Waste slag is discharged from the tunnel through the slag collector (12) and the slag remover.

4. The experimental device for simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slag collector (12) includes a drill bit guide (7) and drill bit teeth (8), and the slag remover includes an iron rod (9) and a fan-shaped iron plate (20).

5. The experimental device for simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track (5) is provided with a scale (19) along the moving direction of the drive device.

6. The experimental device for simulating simultaneous excavation and lining of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lining piece (15) is cast from a similar material developed by ourselves. The lining piece (15) is one-third of a hollow cylinder. The three lining pieces (15) can be seamlessly and perfectly spliced ​​onto the inner wall of the tunnel.

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