Switch for switching series circuit and parallel circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a switch for switching a series circuit and a parallel circuit. The switch comprises a rotary assembly, a plurality of static contact assemblies and a plurality of moving contact assemblies, the static contact assembly comprises a first static contact and a fourth static contact which are located on one side of the longitudinal axis of the rotation assembly. The second static contact and the third static contact are located on the other side of the longitudinal axis of the rotary assembly. Wherein the second power connection section of the first static contact extends along the lengthwise direction relative to the first power connection section, and is bent and lifted by a certain distance along the lengthwise direction; and the fourth power connection section of the second static contact extends opposite to the second power connection section of the first static contact relative to the third power connection section, and is bent along the longitudinal height direction Z and settles for a certain distance. Wherein each first rotary component is internally provided with a moving contact assembly which is rotatably connected with the first rotary component, each moving contact assembly extends along the longitudinal width direction and can be in contact with the power connection section of the corresponding static contact, and a phase included angle is formed between the longitudinal long axes of the adjacent moving contact assemblies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a switching switch for series and parallel circuits, and more particularly to a switching switch for series and parallel circuits of a battery pack, especially a switch for switching between series and parallel circuits of an on-board battery module. Background Technology

[0002] The emphasis on new energy vehicles has led to the vigorous development of electric vehicles, which are mainly pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Therefore, on-board batteries have become the power source for these electric vehicles. Initially, batteries used in small electric vehicles were usually single cells. However, due to the development of power technology, electric vehicles have gradually replaced traditional engines in household and industrial applications. As a result, the requirements for the range and energy density of batteries used in electric vehicles are becoming increasingly higher. Therefore, on-board batteries are now mostly in the form of battery packs.

[0003] Electric vehicle (EV) battery modules typically employ two electrical connection methods. The first is a series connection of the battery packs to achieve a higher total voltage, which increases the power of the EV's electric motor, resulting in better power and acceleration performance, and further reduces losses during current transmission. The second method is a parallel connection of the battery packs, which significantly increases the total capacity of the battery pack, improves system redundancy, reduces current consumption, and provides more flexible battery management. Given this, the technical challenge of switching between series and parallel electrical connections between the individual cells in an EV battery pack remains.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN 108144875 B discloses a rapid switching device for battery series-parallel circuits. This invention involves a battery pack series-parallel circuit switching device comprising multiple contactors, multiple relays, and a single changeover switch. Each contactor has two contacts connected to the series positive terminal of the upstream battery fixing connector and the series negative terminal of the downstream battery fixing connector, respectively. Furthermore, each relay has one relay contact connected to the parallel positive terminal of the upstream battery fixing connector, and the other relay contact connected to the parallel negative terminal of the downstream battery fixing connector. In operation, switching to the series position via the changeover switch establishes a series connection between each of the multiple contactors and each battery in the battery pack. Switching to the parallel position via the changeover switch establishes a parallel connection between each of the multiple relays and each of the multiple batteries. While this implementation effectively achieves the switching between series and parallel electrical connections between batteries in the battery pack, the circuitry involved is complex, requiring numerous electrical components to achieve the series and parallel circuit switching function, resulting in high cost and a large layout.

[0005] Furthermore, the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN 209249630 U also utilizes multiple sets of relays, each of which can be connected to the negative terminal of the upstream battery module and the positive terminal of the downstream battery module respectively. Relays are installed on both the series and parallel circuits, thereby enabling the switching between series and parallel connections of multiple battery modules. Similar to the aforementioned Chinese invention patent, this implementation also requires a large number of electrical components to achieve the series and parallel circuit switching function, resulting in excessively high costs, complex circuitry, and an overly large control circuit layout.

[0006] Furthermore, for example, Chinese invention patent publication number CN 115424900 A considers using a drive component with an eccentric cam to drive the vertical translational movement of two sets of moving contacts, thereby achieving the switching between series and parallel circuits. On the other hand, for example, Chinese invention patent publication number CN 10653 1525A considers using a double-pole switch assembly to achieve the switching between series and parallel circuits. Yet another aspect, for example, US invention patent publication number US20160079015A1 mentions using a gear transmission mechanism to achieve the switching of different circuits. Additionally, there are also operation methods such as those described in Chinese invention patent publication number CN 105161326A, which utilize the engagement of multiple lever mechanisms and guide mechanisms to achieve circuit switching; or operation methods such as those described in Chinese invention patent publication number CN 101807474A, which utilize rotor rotation to control the contact between moving and stationary contacts, thereby achieving circuit switching.

[0007] Based on the above description, for the technical problem of switching between series and parallel circuits in electric vehicle battery modules, there is a solution that uses a simpler, more feasible, and lower-cost operating mechanism to achieve the function of switching between series and parallel circuits. Utility Model Content

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to overcome the technical defects involved in the series and parallel switching of on-board battery modules in electric vehicles, and to provide a solution with a relatively simple operating mechanism, simplified circuit and fewer electrical components, so as to realize the series and parallel circuit switching function, and reduce cost and space occupied.

[0009] This utility model provides a switch for switching series and parallel circuits, which includes at least a cover, a housing, at least one stationary contact assembly, and at least one moving contact component. It further includes a rotary assembly having three sets of first rotary components and second rotary components connected to the ends of two adjacent first rotary components. The stationary contact assembly includes a first stationary contact and a fourth stationary contact, each located on one side of the rotary assembly along its longitudinal direction, comprising a first energized section and a second energized section; and a second stationary contact located on the other side of the rotary assembly along its longitudinal direction, comprising a third energized section and a fourth energized section. The third stationary contact; wherein, the second energized section of the first stationary contact extends longitudinally relative to the first energized section, and is bent Z-shaped along the vertical direction and spaced apart by a certain distance; and the fourth energized section of the second stationary contact extends in the opposite direction to the second energized section of the first stationary contact relative to the third energized section, and is bent along the vertical direction and spaced apart by a certain distance; wherein each first rotating component is provided with a moving contact component rotatably connected thereto, the moving contact component extends longitudinally and is able to contact the energized section of the corresponding stationary contact, and the longitudinal axes of each adjacent moving contact component form a phase angle.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, the third stationary contact is disposed along the longitudinal direction on the side of the fourth energizing section that is away from the second stationary contact and close to the third energizing section; and the fourth stationary contact is disposed along the longitudinal direction on the side of the second energizing section that is away from the first stationary contact and close to the first energizing section.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, the upper surfaces of the first contact section of the first stationary contact, the upper surfaces of the fourth contact section of the second stationary contact, and the upper surfaces of the fifth contact section of the third stationary contact are set to be substantially at the same height.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, the lower surfaces of the second contact section of the first stationary contact, the third contact section of the second stationary contact, and the sixth contact section of the fourth stationary contact are configured to be substantially at the same height.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first rotating component has a first rotating housing, a first rotating shaft, a pair of first mounting shafts, and a pair of first elastic components.

[0014] Furthermore, the first rotating shaft is rotatably engaged with each moving contact component and connected to the first rotating housing.

[0015] Furthermore, the first mounting shaft is mechanically engaged with two pairs of first mounting portions located at the radial edges of the two ends of the first rotating housing.

[0016] Furthermore, the first elastic component has a pair of first elastic bodies and a first elastic mounting portion and a first elastic thrust portion located at the axial ends of the first elastic bodies.

[0017] Furthermore, the first elastic mounting portion is mechanically engaged with the first mounting shaft, and the first elastic thrust portion abuts against the stop portion located upstream or downstream of each moving contact component.

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, a switch for switching between series circuits and parallel circuits has at least two circuit states, wherein, in a first circuit state, a moving contact component in a first rotating member located in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the rotating assembly is electrically contacted with a first energized section of a first stationary contact and a third energized section of a second stationary contact; in a second circuit state, a moving contact component in one of the first rotating members located at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the rotating assembly is electrically contacted with a sixth energized section of a fourth stationary contact and a fourth energized section of a second stationary contact, respectively; and another moving contact component is electrically contacted with a second energized section of a first stationary contact and a fifth energized section of a third stationary contact, respectively.

[0019] Further technical features and advantages of the switch for switching series and parallel circuits according to this invention will be described in detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch according to the present invention after assembly is shown, with particular attention to the terminal block assembly outside the housing, i.e., the stationary contact assembly;

[0022] Figure 2 A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch according to the present invention is shown after the cover and housing have been removed, with particular emphasis on the terminal assembly, rotating assembly and drive component installed inside the housing;

[0023] Figure 3 A top view of the switch according to the present invention is shown after the cover and housing have been removed, with particular emphasis on the arrangement of the various stationary contacts and the various moving contact components.

[0024] Figure 4 A non-limiting schematic view of the current flow direction when the switch according to the present invention is connected in series is shown;

[0025] Figure 5 A non-limiting schematic view is shown of the current flow direction when the switches according to this utility model are connected in parallel;

[0026] Figure 6A three-dimensional perspective view of the first rotating component in the switch according to the present invention after its rotating housing has been removed is shown from another angle, wherein the internal structure of the rotating component and its connection with the moving contact component are particularly shown.

[0027] Figure 7 A three-dimensional perspective view of the first rotating component in the switch according to the present invention after its rotating housing has been removed is shown from another perspective, as well as the components belonging to the rotating component.

[0028] Figure 8 The arrangement of the second rotary component in the switch according to the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 The specific structure of the second rotary component in the switch according to this utility model is shown;

[0030] Figure 10 It shows Figure 8 The zoomed-in view pointing to A;

[0031] Figure 11 A three-dimensional perspective view of the first rotating component in the switch according to the present invention after its rotating housing, elastic element and each moving contact component have been removed, as well as the components belonging to the rotating component, are shown from another perspective.

[0032] Figure 12 A side view of the rotary assembly in the switch according to the present invention is shown after its rotary housing, elastic element and moving contact components have been removed, with the phase angle of rotation specifically shown.

[0033] Figure Labels

[0034] 1-Switch

[0035] 10- Terminal block assembly, stationary contact assembly

[0036] 11- First terminal, first stationary contact; 111- First energized section; 112- Second energized section

[0037] 12- Second terminal, second stationary contact; 121- Third energized section; 122- Fourth energized section

[0038] 13- Third terminal, third stationary contact; 131- Fifth electrical connection section

[0039] 14- Fourth terminal, fourth stationary contact; 141- Sixth electrical connection section

[0040] 20- Moving contact assembly

[0041] 21- First moving contact component 211- First moving contact assembly 2110- Main body of the first moving contact assembly

[0042] 2111- Upstream portion of the first moving contact component 2112- Downstream portion of the first moving contact component

[0043] 2113- First moving contact component stop part; 212- Second moving contact component

[0044] 22- Second moving contact component 23- Third moving contact component

[0045] 30- Rotary assembly; 31- First rotating component; 310- First rotating housing; 3101- First rotating part

[0046] 3102 - First mounting part; 3103 - First driving part; 3104 - First thrust part; 3105 - First opening

[0047] 311- First rotating shaft; 312- First mounting shaft; 313- First elastic component; 3131- First elastic main body; 3132- First elastic mounting part; 3133- First elastic thrust part

[0048] 32- Second rotating component; 321- Second rotating element; 322- Second stop element; 3221- Second stop body; 3222- Second stop section; 323- Second driving element; 3231- Second driving body; 3232- Second driving section; 324- Second elastic element; 325- Second fixing element.

[0049] 40- Drive component 41- Operating wheel 42- Drive section 43- Thrust section

[0050] X - Longitudinal direction; Y - Longitudinal width direction; Z - Vertical height direction; δ - Phase angle.

[0051] The longitudinal axis L1 of the first moving contact component 21 and the longitudinal axis L2 of the second contact component 22 Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The embodiments given are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 1 A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch for switching series and parallel circuits according to the present invention is shown after assembly, with particular attention to the terminal assembly outside the housing, namely the stationary contact assembly 10. Figure 2A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch according to the present invention is shown after the cover and housing have been removed, with particular emphasis on the terminal assembly 10, the rotary assembly 30, and the drive component 40 installed within the housing. The switch 1 according to the present invention for switching series and parallel circuits includes at least a contact assembly and a rotary assembly 30 installed within the housing. The rotary assembly 30 is disposed within the housing along the longitudinal direction X. Further, the contact assembly includes a moving contact assembly 20 and a corresponding stationary contact assembly 10, also referred to herein as a terminal assembly. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the moving contact assembly 20 includes a plurality of moving contact components, and the stationary contact assembly 10 has stationary contacts corresponding to each moving contact component in the moving contact assembly 20; alternatively, the stationary contact assembly 10 has contact portions corresponding to the contact portions of each moving contact component.

[0054] stationary contact assembly

[0055] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, four stationary contact components, namely a first stationary contact 11, a second stationary contact 12, a third stationary contact 13, and a fourth stationary contact 14, are installed within the housing of the switch 1. Preferably, the first stationary contact 11 and the fourth stationary contact 14 are at least partially located on one side of the rotary assembly 30 along the longitudinal direction X within the housing, while the second stationary contact 12 and the third stationary contact 13 are at least partially located on the other side of the rotary assembly 30 along the longitudinal direction X within the housing. See also... Figure 3 .

[0056] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the first stationary contact 11 has a first electrical contact section 111 extending in the longitudinal direction Y in the opposite direction to the rotary assembly 30, and a second electrical contact section 112 extending substantially in the longitudinal direction X from one end of the first electrical contact section 111, thus presenting an L-shaped profile. See [reference needed]. Figure 2 Furthermore, the second contact segment 112 is bent and raised by a certain distance in the vertical direction Z relative to the first contact segment 111. Similarly, the second stationary contact 12 has a third contact segment 121, which extends in the vertical direction Y opposite to the first contact segment 111 of the first stationary contact 11, and a fourth contact segment 122 extends from one end of the third contact segment 121 in a direction opposite to the second contact segment 112 of the first stationary contact 11, thus presenting an L-shaped profile. Furthermore, the fourth contact segment 122 is bent and lowered by a certain distance in the vertical direction Z relative to the third contact segment 121, see [reference needed]. Figure 2 .

[0057] Furthermore, the specified distance by which the second contact section 112 is raised relative to the first contact section 111 is approximately equal to the specified distance by which the fourth contact section 122 is lowered relative to the third contact section 121, so that the upper surface of the first contact section 111 of the first stationary contact 11 and the upper surface of the fourth contact section 122 of the second stationary contact 12 are approximately at the same height in the vertical direction Z.

[0058] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the third stationary contact 13 and the fourth stationary contact 14 are configured with substantially the same linear configuration and are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotary assembly 30 along the longitudinal direction X in the longitudinal direction Y. Further, the third stationary contact 13 is arranged on the same side of the second stationary contact 12 in the longitudinal direction Y, while the fourth stationary contact 14 is arranged on the same side of the first stationary contact 11 in the longitudinal direction Y. Preferably, the third stationary contact 13 is disposed along the longitudinal direction Y on the side of the fourth contact section 122 away from the second stationary contact 122 and close to the third contact section 121. Further, the fourth stationary contact 14 is arranged along the longitudinal direction Y on the side of the second contact section 112 away from the first stationary contact 11 and close to the first contact section 111. Specifically, the distance between the fourth stationary contact 14 and the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11 along the longitudinal direction X is approximately equal to the distance between the third stationary contact 13 and the third energized section 121 of the second stationary contact 12 along the longitudinal direction X.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lower surface of the second contact segment 112 of the first stationary contact 11 along the vertical direction Z is further configured to be substantially at the same height as the lower surface of the third contact segment 121 of the second stationary contact 12 along the vertical direction Z. Furthermore, the upper surface of the fourth contact segment 122 of the second stationary contact 12 along the vertical direction Z and the upper surface of the fifth contact segment 131 of the third stationary contact 13 along the vertical direction Z are also configured to be substantially at the same height.

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the upper surface of the first contacting section 111 of the first stationary contact 11 along the vertical direction Z, the upper surface of the fourth contacting section 122 of the second stationary contact 12 along the vertical direction Z, and the upper surface of the fifth contacting section 131 of the third stationary contact 13 along the vertical direction Z are set to be substantially equal in height. Preferably, the lower surface of the second contacting section 112 of the first stationary contact 11 along the vertical direction Z, the lower surface of the third contacting section 121 of the second stationary contact 12 along the vertical direction Z, and the lower surface of the sixth contacting section 141 of the fourth stationary contact 14 along the vertical direction Z are set to be substantially equal in height.

[0061] According to the preferred arrangement of the stationary contact assembly and the optimized structure of its electrical connection parts, it is helpful to use fewer moving contact parts to achieve electrical connection between the moving contact parts and the stationary contact, and to realize the switching between series and parallel connections between battery modules. It can also reduce the overall space size of the switch 1. The moving contact parts according to the present invention will be described in detail below, and the rotary assembly 30 used to drive the movement of each part in the moving contact assembly will also be described in detail.

[0062] Moving contact assembly

[0063] Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figures 6 to 9 The diagram also shows various views of the switch according to this invention after the cover and housing have been removed, with particular emphasis on the arrangement of the various stationary and moving contact components. Figures 6 to 12 The specific shape and structure of the moving contact component according to this utility model can be observed.

[0064] See Figure 2 and Figure 11 The diagram illustrates the specific structure of the moving contact assembly included in the switch 1 according to the present invention. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the moving contact component for a circuit line may include at least one moving contact member. In particular, Figure 11 The structure of the first moving contact component 21 is shown. The specific structures of various moving contact components according to the present invention will be described below using the first moving contact component 21 as a non-limiting embodiment.

[0065] In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the first moving contact component 21 includes at least one moving contact member. For example... Figure 11 As shown, preferably, the first moving contact component 21 includes a first moving contact member 211 and a second moving contact member 212. Multiple moving contact members can be mechanically connected as a single unit along the longitudinal direction X to construct the moving contact component, thereby increasing the contact area between the moving contact component and the stationary contact at the point of contact.

[0066] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the main body 2110 of the first moving contact member 211 is generally sheet-like and has two extension segments extending outward from the main body 2110 along the longitudinal width direction Y, thereby constructing an upstream portion 2111 and a downstream portion 2112 of the first moving contact member. Specifically, contact points can be provided on the upper surface of the upstream portion 2111 along the longitudinal height direction Z and the lower surface of the downstream portion 2112 along the longitudinal height direction Z. A similar upstream and downstream contact point can also be provided on the first moving contact component 21 integrated from multiple first moving contact members. Based on this, each moving contact component in the moving contact assembly 20 according to the present invention can have the structure described above, thereby enabling a relatively standardized design for each component, facilitating mass production and manufacturing, and reducing costs.

[0067] Furthermore, conductive contact material can be used to cover the upstream and downstream electrical contact portions of the moving contact component. The resistivity of the conductive contact material should be less than that of the contact body material, and it is typically a conductive silver contact or a sintered silver alloy contact.

[0068] In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the longitudinal axis L1 of the first moving contact component 21 is configured with a phase angle δ relative to the longitudinal axis L2 of the second moving contact component 22, see [reference]. Figure 12 Furthermore, the third moving contact component 23 is arranged in a manner similar to that of the first moving contact component 21, thereby creating the same phase angle δ between the third moving contact component 23 and the longitudinal axis L1 of the second contact component 22. Specifically, this phase angle δ can be approximately 60°. o Up to 80 o Between. Preferably, the phase angle δ can be set to 80°. o .

[0069] In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, preferably, the second moving contact component 22 may also be configured to be substantially horizontal. In other words, the upstream energized section of the second moving contact component 22 may contact the energized section of the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11, and the downstream energized section of the second moving contact component 22 may contact the energized section of the third energized section 121 of the second stationary contact 12. See [reference needed]. Figure 12 Specifically, in a particular embodiment of the present invention, the upstream contact section of the second moving contact component 22, on the surface pointing downwards along the vertical direction Z, is covered with a conductive contact material, while the downstream contact section of the second moving contact component 22, on the surface pointing upwards along the vertical direction Z, is covered with a conductive contact material.

[0070] Alternatively, in another non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the main body of the second moving contact component 22 may be tilted at a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane, so that the upstream energized section of the second moving contact component 22 is separated from the energized section of the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11, and the downstream energized section of the second contact component 22 is separated from the energized section of the third energized section 121 of the second stationary contact 12, thereby constructing an open circuit state other than series connection and parallel connection. (See also...) Figure 2 .

[0071] Based on the above description, the switch 1 according to this invention can provide relatively fewer moving contact components by means of an optimized stationary contact structure, that is, three moving contact components to achieve electrical connection between the moving contact components and the stationary contact. The operational flexibility of this switch 1 will be further illustrated below by describing the rotary assembly 30.

[0072] Rotary component

[0073] See also Figures 2 to 12 The diagram shows the structure of the rotary assembly 30 and the kinematic relationship between the rotary assembly and each moving contact component in the moving contact assembly 20.

[0074] See Figure 2 , Figures 6 to 11 ,in particular Figure 11 The rotating assembly 30 includes at least a plurality of first rotating parts 31 and a plurality of second rotating parts 32. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, three sets of first rotating parts 31 and two sets of second rotating parts 32 are provided. Further, each pair of first rotating parts 31 is connected by means of a second rotating part 32 to construct such a configuration. Figure 2 The rotary assembly 30 is shown. Furthermore, by rotating the drive component 40 connected to one longitudinal end of the rotary assembly 30, the rotation of each rotary component in the rotary assembly 30 can be realized, and operations such as connecting the moving contact component and the stationary contact in series, connecting the moving contact component and the stationary contact in parallel, and separating the moving contact component and the stationary contact to de-energize can be performed, which will be described in detail later.

[0075] Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 The diagram specifically illustrates the components of the disassembled first rotating component 31 and their connection to the drive component 40. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the first rotating component 31 generally comprises a first rotating housing 310, a first rotating shaft 311, a plurality of first mounting shafts 312, and a plurality of first elastic members 313. Preferably, the first rotating component 31 according to the present invention has two first mounting shafts 312 and a pair of first elastic members 313.

[0076] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first rotating housing 310 is a generally cylindrical housing, and a pair of radially opposite first openings 3105 are provided on its circumferential surface to accommodate and mount the first rotating shaft 311, a plurality of first mounting shafts 312, and a plurality of first elastic members 313. See also Figure 11 Specifically, the first opening 3105 can also limit the rotation angle of the corresponding moving contact, which will be described below. Furthermore, the first rotating housing 310 is also provided with a pair of first rotating portions 3101 at both ends in the longitudinal direction X, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 Preferably, the pair of first rotating portions 3101 are aligned with each other along the longitudinal direction X and located on the longitudinal centerline of the first rotating housing 310. Further, the first rotating housing 310 preferably also has two pairs of first mounting portions 3102 at both ends along the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, each pair of first mounting portions 3102 is arranged at the radial edges of the two ends of the first rotating housing 310 along the longitudinal direction X. Further, the two pairs of first mounting portions 3102 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the radial centerline of the first rotating housing 310. Preferably, the two pairs of first mounting portions 3102 are parallel to each other, and two mounting points in each pair of first mounting portions 3102 are located at the radial edges of the two ends of the first rotating housing 310. More preferably, the two mounting points in each pair of first mounting portions 3102 are recesses at the radial edges of the two ends of the first rotating housing 310, thereby supporting each first mounting shaft 312.

[0077] In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the first rotating shaft 311 may extend through two first rotating portions 3101 along the longitudinal direction X of the first rotating housing 310, see [reference needed]. Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 11 Furthermore, the first moving contact component 21 can also be installed within the first rotating housing 310. See also... Figures 6 to 9 and Figure 11 The first rotating shaft 311 extends through the two first rotating parts 3101 along the longitudinal direction X of the first rotating housing 310, see in detail. Figure 11 Preferably, the first rotating portions 3101 disposed at both ends of the first rotating housing 310 in the longitudinal direction X can be located on the central axis of the first rotating housing 310. More preferably, a first moving contact component 21 is also mounted on the first rotating shaft 311. That is, the main body of each component of the first moving contact component 21 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 311, and the upstream and downstream portions of each component of the first moving contact component 21 extend through the radially opposite first openings 3105 of the first rotating housing 310, respectively.

[0078] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to the two pairs of first mounting portions 3102, two first mounting shafts 312 are preferably provided, which can be respectively engaged with each of the first mounting portions 3102 of the first rotating housing 310 along the longitudinal direction X.

[0079] According to one aspect of the present invention, corresponding to the two first mounting shafts 312, two first elastic members 313 are also provided. Each first elastic member 313 includes at least a plurality of first elastic bodies 3131, a first elastic mounting portion 3132 located at one end of each first elastic body 3131, and a first elastic thrust portion 3133 located at the other end of each first elastic body 3131. Preferably, each first elastic member has a pair of first elastic bodies 3131, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 and Figure 11 Furthermore, each first mounting shaft 312 can be operably connected to the first elastic mounting portion 3132 of its respective first elastic member 313. Specifically, the first elastic bodies 3131 of each first elastic member 313 are arranged in pairs and spaced apart from each other. Preferably, the spacing between the pairs of first elastic bodies 3131 is greater than the wall thickness of the first moving contact member 21. Therefore, in the assembled first rotating member 31, the first moving contact member 21 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 311, approximately centered in the longitudinal direction X, and each first elastic body 3131 of each first elastic member 313 is located on both sides of the first moving contact member 21 in the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, the first elastic thrust portion 3133 at the other end of each first elastic member 313 is connected to two first elastic bodies 3131 and abuts against the upstream and downstream stops of each moving contact member of the first moving contact member 21. Specifically, Figure 11 An exemplary illustration is shown of the first moving contact member stop 2113 in the first moving contact member 21.

[0080] According to another aspect of the present invention, every two first rotating parts 31 are connected by means of a second rotating part 32. See also Figure 9 and Figure 10 The second rotating component 32 includes a pair of disc-shaped second rotating members 321, which are spaced apart by a second stop member 322 and a second driving member 323. Further, the second stop member 322 and the second driving member 323 have generally similar outlines. Even further, the second stop member 322 is constructed with a waist-shaped second stop body 3221 located in the middle and second stop segments 3222 disposed at both ends of the second stop body 3221 in the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, the second stop segments 3222 have a cuboid structure, see [reference needed]. Figure 11Furthermore, the second drive member 323 comprises a waist-shaped second drive body 3231 located in the middle and second drive segments 3232 disposed at both ends of the second drive body 3231 in the longitudinal direction X. Unlike the second stop member 322, the second drive segments 3232 have a cylindrical structure, see [reference needed]. Figure 10 Preferably, the second stop 322 and the second drive 323 are located near the circumferential edges of the two second rotating components 32, respectively. More preferably, the second stop 322 and the second drive 323 are radially symmetrical with respect to the rotation center of the opposing second rotating components 32 and are arranged parallel to each other. Furthermore, the waist-shaped bodies of the second stop 322 and the second drive 323 provide accommodating space and movement space for the second elastic member 324, and are respectively engaged with the first rotating components 31 adjacent to their longitudinal X ends by means of the second stop segments 3222 and the second drive segments 3232 located at their longitudinal X ends, thereby enabling the transmission of the rotational motion of the first rotating component 31.

[0081] Preferably, one end of the second elastic member 324 is mechanically engaged with two second rotating members 321 via a swivel pin, preferably in a rotatable mechanical engagement; while the other end of the second elastic member 324 is rotatably connected to the second fixing member 325. In particular, the second fixing member 325 is a shaft-shaped member supported by a housing, and extends substantially from the second elastic member 324 along the longitudinal direction across the adjacent first rotating member 31 to the next second rotating member 32, thereby forming synchronous movement of the second elastic members 324 respectively installed in the two second rotating members 32, to help achieve synchronous rotation of the first moving contact members 21 located at both axial ends of the rotating assembly 30 to maintain a stable series or parallel electrical connection after electrical contact with the corresponding stationary contact contact portion.

[0082] According to another aspect of the present invention, a first rotating component 31 located at the axial end of the rotating assembly 30 can also be rotatably connected to the driving component 40 along the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, the driving component 40 has an operating wheel 41, a driving section 42, and a thrust section 43, wherein the driving section 42 and the second driving section 3232 of the second driving member 323 have similar structures and are cylindrical. The thrust section 43 has a similar structure to the second stop section 3222 of the second stop member 322, and is cuboid in shape. See [reference needed]. Figure 11 Furthermore, the drive section 42 and the thrust section 43 engage with the end of the first rotating housing 310 of the first rotating component 31, thereby transmitting the manual or motor-driven rotary motion to the first rotating component 31 via the drive component 40, and further transmitting the rotational motion downward by means of the second rotating component 32 connected to the first rotating component 31.

[0083] Operation method During operation, the operating wheel 41 of the drive component 40 is manually or electrically rotated, for example, counterclockwise. Since the drive section 42 and thrust section 43 of the drive component 40 are mechanically connected to one end of the first rotating housing 310 located in the first rotating component 31, the rotational motion of the drive component 40 is transmitted to the first rotating housing 310, and then sequentially transmitted through the first rotating housing 310 to the adjacent second rotating component 32 and subsequent rotating components. Then, each of the first rotating housings 310 rotates synchronously and in the same direction, and the first mounting shaft 312 within each of the first rotating housings 310 also rotates synchronously and in the same direction. Specifically, the first mounting shaft 312 in the first rotating housing 310 located in the middle of the rotating assembly 30 first approaches the first moving contact component 21, abuts against the first moving contact component 21, rotates clockwise, and its upstream and downstream portions respectively make electrical contact with the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11 and the third energized section 121 of the second stationary contact 12, thereby forming... Figure 5 The first circuit state shown is a series electrical connection. The circuit can be further rotated counterclockwise manually or by means of the second elastic element 324 in the second rotating component 32 to maintain a stable series electrical connection.

[0084] On the other hand, when the manual or motor further rotates the operating wheel 41 of the drive component 40 clockwise, for example by a phase angle δ, the first elastic member 313 in the first rotating housing 310 located in the middle of the rotating assembly 30 and the second elastic member 324 in the second rotating component 32 release energy after reaching their extreme positions, causing the first moving contact component 21 to separate from the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11 and the third energized section 121 of the second stationary contact 12, thus breaking the series electrical connection. Simultaneously, one of the first mounting shafts 312 in the two first rotating housings 310 located at both ends of the longitudinal direction X of the rotating assembly 30 pushes against the corresponding first moving contact component 21, which respectively contacts the sixth energized section 141 of the fourth stationary contact 14 and the fourth energized section 122 of the second stationary contact 12. The other first moving contact component 21 simultaneously contacts the second energized section 112 of the first stationary contact 11 and the fifth energized section 131 of the third stationary contact 13, thereby achieving… Figure 5 The second circuit state shown is a parallel electrical connection. The manual or motor can further rotate counterclockwise to maintain a stable parallel electrical connection by means of the second elastic element 324 in the second rotating component 32.

[0085] Similarly, those skilled in the art can, as needed, set a phase angle for completely disconnecting the circuit to achieve a third circuit state, namely, open circuit.

[0086] Therefore, the switch according to this invention can realize at least three circuit states. Specifically, during the prototyping process, compared to the existing connector with a longitudinal dimension of approximately 230mm, the switch according to this invention, through the construction of a synchronously rotating component, compresses the longitudinal dimension of the switch to approximately 145mm, effectively reducing the overall switch volume to approximately 63% of the original volume, thus saving space. Furthermore, compared to the aforementioned prior art, the switch design according to this invention avoids the arrangement of relay circuits in the vehicle battery module circuit, providing a solution with a relatively simple operating mechanism, simplified circuitry, and fewer electrical components, further reducing costs and space requirements.

Claims

1. A switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits, having at least a housing cover, a housing, at least one stationary contact assembly (10) and at least one movable contact part, characterized in that It also includes: The slewing assembly (30) has three sets of first slewing components (31) and second slewing components (32) connected to the ends of two adjacent first slewing components (31); The stationary contact assembly (10) includes a first stationary contact (11) and a fourth stationary contact (14) located on one side of the longitudinal direction (X) of the rotary assembly (30), each including a first contact section (111) and a second contact section (112); and a second stationary contact (12) and a third stationary contact (13) located on the other side of the longitudinal direction (X) of the rotary assembly (30), each including a third contact section (121) and a fourth contact section (122). The second energized section (112) of the first stationary contact (11) extends along the longitudinal direction (X) relative to the first energized section (111), and bends along the vertical direction (Z) and is spaced apart by a certain distance; and the fourth energized section (122) of the second stationary contact (12) extends in the opposite direction to the second energized section (112) of the first stationary contact (11) relative to the third energized section (121), and bends along the vertical direction (Z) and is spaced apart by a certain distance; Each of the first rotating components (31) is provided with a moving contact component that is rotatably connected to it. The moving contact component extends along the longitudinal width direction (Y) and can contact the energized section of the corresponding stationary contact. A phase angle δ is formed between the longitudinal axes of each adjacent moving contact assembly.

2. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that The third stationary contact (13) is disposed along the longitudinal direction (X) on the side of the fourth energizing section (122) that is far from the second stationary contact (12) and close to the third energizing section (121); and the fourth stationary contact (14) is disposed along the longitudinal direction (X) on the side of the second energizing section (112) that is far from the first stationary contact (11) and close to the first energizing section (111).

3. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper surfaces of the first contact section (111) of the first stationary contact (11) along the vertical height direction (Z), the upper surface of the fourth contact section (122) of the second stationary contact (12) along the vertical height direction (Z), and the upper surface of the fifth contact section (131) of the third stationary contact (13) along the vertical height direction (Z) are set to be substantially equal in height.

4. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower surfaces of the second contact section (112) of the first stationary contact (11) along the vertical direction (Z), the lower surfaces of the third contact section (121) of the second stationary contact (12) along the vertical direction (Z), and the lower surfaces of the sixth contact section (141) of the fourth stationary contact (14) along the vertical direction (Z) are set to be substantially the same height.

5. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The first rotating component (31) has at least a first rotating shaft (311) mounted to the first rotating housing (310), a pair of first mounting shafts (312) and a pair of first elastic components (313); wherein the first elastic component (313) has a pair of first elastic bodies (3131) and a first elastic mounting portion (3132) and a first elastic thrust portion (3133) located at the axial ends of the first elastic bodies (3131).

6. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 5, characterized in that The first rotating shaft (311) is rotatably engaged with each moving contact component.

7. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 5, characterized in that The first elastic mounting portion (3132) is mechanically engaged with the first mounting shaft (312), and the first elastic thrust portion (3133) abuts against the stop portion located in the upstream or downstream part of each moving contact component.

8. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 5, characterized in that The second rotating component (32) has at least a second elastic element (324), one end of which is mechanically engaged within the second rotating component (32), and the other end is rotatably connected to a second fixing element (325).

9. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 8, characterized in that The second fixing member (325) is axial and extends longitudinally from the second elastic member (324) across the adjacent first rotating member (31) to the adjacent second rotating member (32).

10. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that It has at least two circuit states, wherein, In the first circuit state, the moving contact component in the first rotating component (31) located in the middle of the longitudinal direction (X) of the rotating assembly (30) is in electrical contact with the first energized section (111) of the first stationary contact (11) and the third energized section (121) of the second stationary contact (12). In the second circuit state, one of the moving contact components of the first rotating component (31) located at both ends of the longitudinal direction (X) of the rotating assembly (30) makes electrical contact with the sixth energized section (141) of the fourth stationary contact (14) and the fourth energized section (122) of the second stationary contact (12); and the other moving contact component makes electrical contact with the second energized section (112) of the first stationary contact (11) and the fifth energized section (131) of the third stationary contact (13).

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