Miniaturized four-arm helical antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniaturized four-arm helical antenna, which relates to the technical field of mobile communication and comprises an antenna housing, an antenna radiator, a feed network board, a radio frequency connector, an internal waterproof ring, an antenna base and an external waterproof ring. And the radiator assembly, the feed network board and the radio frequency connector are arranged in the antenna housing and the antenna base. According to the miniaturized four-arm helical antenna, the radiating body of the antenna is of a four-arm helical structure and can be used for receiving or transmitting circularly polarized satellite navigation signals; meanwhile, a radiator of the antenna is realized based on a printed circuit board technology, four metal conductive bands are printed on a flexible circuit board to form four arms of the antenna, the electrical length of each arm is about lambda / 4, and the four arms are fed with a 90-degree equal amplitude difference through a feed network, so that the circularly polarized four-wall helical antenna is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mobile communication technology, specifically a miniaturized four-arm spiral antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing maturity and widespread application of satellite navigation and positioning technologies, navigation and positioning technologies are closely related to people's daily lives. Miniaturized satellite navigation antennas, characterized by their small size and light weight, are a research hotspot in the field of satellite navigation and are widely used in mobile communications, vehicle navigation, drone navigation, personal positioning devices, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

[0003] Common forms of miniaturized satellite navigation antennas include linearly polarized antennas, microstrip circularly polarized antennas, and four-walled spiral antennas. Among them, linearly polarized antennas suffer from polarization loss when receiving satellite signals, resulting in the worst signal quality; microstrip circularly polarized antennas usually require a reflector to achieve good performance and have high requirements for the installation environment; while four-walled spiral antennas have excellent circular polarization characteristics, wide beam coverage, and low elevation angle signal reception capability, but traditional structures are relatively large and cannot meet the space constraints of highly integrated devices. Therefore, this invention provides a miniaturized four-walled spiral antenna that can be applied to miniaturized satellite navigation devices. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a miniaturized four-arm helical antenna, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a miniaturized four-arm spiral antenna, which consists of an antenna radome, an antenna radiator, a feed network board, an RF connector, an internal waterproof ring, an antenna base, and an external waterproof ring. The antenna base is installed on the bottom side of the antenna radome. The radiator assembly, the feed network board, and the RF connector are installed inside the antenna radome and the antenna base. The internal and external waterproof rings are located inside and outside the antenna base. The radiator assembly includes four 90° rotating vibrating arms and a printed circuit board. The four vibrating arms are distributed on the printed circuit board. The lower ends of the four vibrating arms are connected to the feed network board, and the lower ends of the feed network board are connected to the RF connector.

[0008] Preferably, the four arms are of the same structure, and the arms are in the form of a quadrupedal spiral antenna.

[0009] Preferably, the quadrupedal spiral antenna has a circular polarization gain of 2dB and good beamwidth and radiation pattern, which is beneficial for the low elevation angle electromagnetic signal radiation and reception of the antenna. The antenna has a diameter of 0.084 wavelengths and a radiator height of only 0.12 wavelengths, which can achieve miniaturization and lightweight design to meet special application scenarios.

[0010] Preferably, each of the vibrating arms includes a bent metal conductive strip and a matching grounding branch. The lower end of the metal conductive strip is the feed end of the vibrating arm and is connected to the corresponding feed port of the feed network board. The end of the metal conductive strip is an open circuit structure. The bottom end of the matching grounding branch is the ground end of the vibrating arm and is connected to the corresponding grounding hole of the feed network board, and can play a positioning role.

[0011] Preferably, the feed network board is connected to the four dipole arms of the upper antenna radiator, providing equal-amplitude feeds to the four dipole arms at 90° intervals. The lower end of the feed network board is connected to an RF connector, which serves as the antenna port. The combination of the radiator, feed network, and RF connector ensures that the antenna operates in the working frequency bands of BeiDou and GPS, enabling it to receive circularly polarized electromagnetic signals. The RF connector is then used to connect to a navigation receiver to achieve satellite navigation and positioning functions.

[0012] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] This miniaturized four-arm spiral antenna has a four-arm spiral structure as its radiator, which can be used to receive or transmit circularly polarized satellite navigation signals. The radiator is based on printed circuit board technology. Four metal conductive strips are printed on a flexible circuit board to form the four arms of the antenna. The electrical length of each arm is about λ / 4. The four arms are fed with equal amplitude and 90° phase difference through a feeding network to realize a circularly polarized four-arm spiral antenna.

[0015] This miniaturized quad-helical antenna increases the length of its metal conductive strip by bending it. The bending method is not limited to U-shaped or serpentine forms. Matching stubs are set on the conductive strip to achieve the miniaturization design of the quad-helical antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibrator arm of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Antenna radome, 2. Antenna radiator, 21. Vibrator arm, 211. Metal conductive strip, 212. Matching grounding branch, 22. Printed circuit board, 3. Feed network board, 4. RF connector, 5. Internal waterproof ring, 6. Antenna base, 7. External waterproof ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a miniaturized quadruple-arm spiral antenna, which consists of an radome 1, an antenna radiator 2, a feed network board 3, an RF connector 4, an internal waterproof ring 5, an antenna base 6, and an external waterproof ring 7. The antenna base 6 is installed on the bottom side of the radome 1. The radiator assembly 2, the feed network board 3, and the RF connector 4 are installed inside the radome 1 and the antenna base 6. The internal waterproof ring 5 and the external waterproof ring 7 are located inside and outside the antenna base 6. The radiator assembly 2 includes four 90° rotating vibrating arms 21 and a printed circuit board 22. The four vibrating arms 21 are distributed on the printed circuit board 22. The lower ends of the four vibrating arms 21 are connected to the feed network board 3, and the lower end of the feed network board 3 is connected to the RF connector 4. The four vibrating arms 21 have the same structure, forming a gradually increasing quadruple-arm spiral antenna. This gradually increasing quadruple-arm spiral antenna has a circular polarization gain of 2dB and a good beamwidth and radiation pattern, which is beneficial for low-elevation electromagnetic signal radiation and reception. The diameter of the antenna is 0. With a wavelength of 0.84 nm and a radiator height of only 0.12 nm, it can be miniaturized and lightweight to meet special application scenarios. Each vibrator arm 21 includes a bent metal conductive strip 211 and a matching grounding branch 212. The bending method of the metal conductive strip 211 is not limited to U-shaped or serpentine wire forms. The lower end of the metal conductive strip 211 is the feed end of the vibrator arm 21, which is connected to the corresponding feed port of the feed network board 3. The end of the metal conductive strip 211 is an open circuit structure. The bottom end of the matching grounding branch 212 is the vibrator arm 21. The grounding terminal of sub-arm 21 is connected to the corresponding grounding hole of the feed network board 3, and serves a positioning function. The feed network board 3 is connected to the four vibrating arms 21 of the upper antenna radiator 2, and provides equal amplitude feeds to the four vibrating arms 21 with a 90° phase difference. The lower end of the feed network board 3 is connected to the RF connector 4, which is the antenna port. The combination of radiator 2, feed network 3, and RF connector 4 ensures that the antenna operates in the working frequency bands of BeiDou and GPS, and can receive circularly polarized electromagnetic signals. It is connected to the navigation receiver through the RF connector 4 to realize the satellite navigation and positioning function.

[0022] The operational steps for this application are as follows:

[0023] External radio frequency signals are input to the feed network board 3 through radio frequency connector 4. The 1-to-4 power divider in the feed network board 3 distributes the input signal equally to the four vibrating arms 21 to ensure that the amplitude of each arm is consistent. The different rise angles and widths of the vibrating arms 21 improve the dual-frequency isolation, avoid pattern distortion, and form a regular high-gain radiation beam. The open-circuit top of the gradient spiral structure expands the beam width and enhances the reception capability of low-elevation satellite signals.

[0024] The circularly polarized wave synthesized by the four orthogonal feed arms radiates outward through the radome, while simultaneously receiving circularly polarized signals from satellites. The radiator 2, the feed network 3, and the radio frequency connector 4 are combined to ensure that the antenna operates in the working frequency bands of BeiDou and GPS, and can receive circularly polarized electromagnetic signals. It is connected to the navigation receiver through the radio frequency connector 4 to realize the satellite navigation and positioning function.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0026] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components or an interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A miniaturized four-arm spiral antenna, characterized by: The antenna consists of an antenna radome (1), an antenna radiator (2), a feed network board (3), an RF connector (4), an internal waterproof ring (5), an antenna base (6), and an external waterproof ring (7). The antenna base (6) is installed on the bottom side of the antenna radome (1). The antenna radiator (2), the feed network board (3), and the RF connector (4) are installed inside the antenna radome (1) and the antenna base (6). The internal waterproof ring (5) and the external waterproof ring (7) are located inside and outside the antenna base (6). The antenna radiator (2) includes four 90° rotating vibrating arms (21) and a printed circuit board (22). The four vibrating arms (21) are distributed on the printed circuit board (22). The lower ends of the four vibrating arms (21) are connected to the feed network board (3). The lower end of the feed network board (3) is connected to the RF connector (4).

2. The miniaturized four-arm spiral antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four said vibrating arms (21) have the same structure, and the vibrating arms (21) are in the form of a gradually quadrupedal spiral antenna.

3. The miniaturized four-arm spiral antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the said vibrating arms (21) includes a bent metal conductive strip (211) and a matching grounding branch (212). The lower end of the metal conductive strip (211) is the feed end of the vibrating arm (21) and is connected to the corresponding feed port of the feed network board (3). The end of the metal conductive strip (211) is an open circuit structure. The bottom end of the matching grounding branch (212) is the ground end of the vibrating arm (21) and is connected to the corresponding grounding hole of the feed network board (3).

4. The miniaturized four-arm spiral antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply network board (3) is connected to the four vibrating arms (21) of the upper antenna radiator (2) and provides equal amplitude power to the four vibrating arms with a phase difference of 90°. The lower end of the power supply network board (3) is connected to the radio frequency connector (4), which is the antenna port.

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