Multifunctional laser processing head

Abstract

The utility model provides a multifunctional laser processing head. The multifunctional laser processing head comprises an optical fiber interface; the collimation mechanism is communicated with the lower end of the optical fiber interface; the collimation protection mechanism is mounted at the front end of the upper part of the collimation mechanism, and the collimation protection mechanism extends into the collimation mechanism; the upper protective glass mechanism is communicated with the lower end of the collimation mechanism; the beam combining mechanism is communicated and mounted at the lower end of the upper protective glass mechanism; the monitoring mechanism is communicated with the left end of the beam combining mechanism; the executing mechanism is communicated and mounted at the right end of the beam combining mechanism; according to the design, the first lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all installed in a drawer mode, disassembly, assembly and cleaning are convenient, the cleanliness of related lenses is high, the probability of errors in the machining process is effectively reduced, and the machining quality is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model is a multifunctional laser processing head, belonging to the field of laser processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] As the core execution component of laser processing equipment, the performance of the laser head directly determines processing accuracy and production efficiency. Currently, laser heads on the market suffer from two main drawbacks: First, traditional integrated laser heads have fixed functions. For example, a laser head specifically designed for cutting cannot be directly used for cladding or other operations. If a change in processing scenario is required, the entire laser head must be replaced, increasing equipment purchase costs and time-consuming the replacement process, severely impacting production efficiency. Second, while existing modular laser heads offer some functional expansion, the lenses used to assist in optimizing the optical path are integrated within the modular structure. Furthermore, dust and other impurities generated during processing can easily contaminate the processing environment, affecting lens cleanliness and increasing the probability of dimensional deviations in laser processing, ultimately reducing processing quality and impacting equipment performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a multifunctional laser processing head to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a multifunctional laser processing head, comprising:

[0005] Fiber optic interface;

[0006] The collimation mechanism is connected and installed at the lower end of the fiber optic interface;

[0007] A collimation protection mechanism is installed at the upper front end of the collimation mechanism. The collimation protection mechanism extends into the collimation mechanism and is detachably connected to the first lens inside the collimation protection mechanism.

[0008] An upper protective lens mechanism is connected to the lower end of the collimation mechanism, and a fourth lens is detachably connected within the upper protective lens mechanism;

[0009] The beam-joining mechanism is connected and installed at the lower end of the upper protective mirror mechanism;

[0010] The monitoring mechanism is connected to the left end of the bundling mechanism;

[0011] The actuator is connected and installed at the right end of the bundle-joining mechanism;

[0012] The mid-range protective mirror mechanism is installed between the actuator and the beam-joining mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the mid-end protective lens mechanism includes two cylinders, which are respectively connected and embedded in the right end of the bundling mechanism and the left end of the execution mechanism, and the two cylinders are in close contact with each other. A fifth lens is installed in each of the two cylinders, and a third pressure ring is provided in each of the two cylinders, and the two third pressure rings are respectively attached to the inward ends of the two fifth lenses.

[0014] Furthermore, the beam-combining mechanism includes a second housing and a second mounting base. The second mounting base has a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical portion of the second mounting base is mounted on the left end of the second housing, and the horizontal portion of the second mounting base extends into the second housing. The right end of the second mounting base has an inclined surface arranged with the left side higher than the right side. A beam-combining mirror is embedded in the middle of the right end of the inclined surface, and the right end face of the beam-combining mirror coincides with the inclined surface. The cylinder located on the left side is connected and embedded in the middle of the right end of the second housing, and the cylinder is located on the right side of the second mounting base.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism includes a molten pool temperature measuring component and a CCD intelligent detection component. The CCD intelligent detection component includes a CCD detector and a connecting base. The connecting base is connected to the left end of the second mounting base. The lower left corner of the connecting base has a first inclined surface, which is inclined from left to right. The upper end of the connecting base is connected to the CCD detector.

[0016] The molten pool temperature measurement assembly includes a reflector, a molten pool temperature sensor, and a temperature measurement fixture. The temperature measurement fixture is connected to the left end of the connecting base, and a second inclined surface is formed at the upper right corner of the temperature measurement fixture. The second inclined surface is in contact with the first inclined surface. The molten pool temperature sensor is installed at the left end of the temperature measurement fixture. The reflector is embedded in the middle of the first inclined surface and is located directly below the CCD detector.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper protective lens mechanism includes a second mounting box, which is disposed on the upper end of the second housing, with the outlet of the second mounting box facing forward. The upper end of the middle part of the second mounting box is recessed downward to form a third hole, and the lower end of the third hole is arranged in communication with the inner cavity of the second mounting box. The lower end of the second mounting box is arranged in communication with the upper end of the second housing, and the position where the second mounting box communicates with the second housing is located directly above the beam combiner.

[0018] The second mounting box has a third drawer seat slidably connected inside its inner cavity. The upper end of the third drawer seat is in communication with the lower end of the third hole. A fourth lens is inserted into the third drawer seat. The front end of the outlet of the second mounting box is attached to the third cover plate, and the third cover plate is attached to the front end of the third drawer seat. The right end of the third cover plate is hinged to the second mounting box. A third bolt is movably installed at the front end of the left side of the third cover plate, and the shank of the third bolt passes through the third cover plate and is threadedly connected to the second mounting box.

[0019] Furthermore, the collimation mechanism includes a collimation base, which is detachably connected to the upper middle part of the second mounting box, and the lower end of the collimation base is arranged in communication with the third hole. A collimation lens is installed inside the collimation base, and the collimation lens is located directly above the third hole. An optical fiber interface is connected to the upper end of the collimation base.

[0020] Furthermore, the collimation protection mechanism includes a first cover plate, a first pressure ring, a first drawer seat, a first lens, and an opening. The upper front end of the collimation base is recessed to form an opening, and the opening extends to the inner front wall of the collimation base. The first drawer seat is slidably connected inside the collimation base, and the front end of the first drawer seat extends into the opening. Both the upper and lower ends of the first drawer seat are in communication with the collimation base.

[0021] The first lens is placed at the bottom of the first drawer base and is located directly below the fiber optic interface. The upper end of the first lens is attached to the first pressure ring, which is detachably connected to the first drawer base and extends from the upper end of the first drawer base. The front end of the opening is attached to the first cover plate, which is attached to the front end of the first drawer base. The right end of the first cover plate is hinged to the collimation base. The front left end of the first cover plate is movably provided with a first bolt, and the shank of the first bolt passes through the first cover plate and is threadedly connected to the collimation base.

[0022] Furthermore, the actuator includes a first component, an air knife component, and a second component. The first component includes a first housing, a first mounting base, and a copper mirror. The first mounting base has a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical part of the first mounting base is mounted on the right end of the first housing, and the horizontal part of the first mounting base is located inside the first housing. A copper mirror is provided on the left end of the first mounting base and is located inside the first housing. The first housing is detachably connected to the right end of the second housing. The cylinder located on the right side is connected to and embedded in the middle of the left end of the first housing, and the cylinder is located directly to the left of the copper mirror. The lower end of the first housing is recessed upward to form an inverted T-shaped hole, and the inverted T-shaped hole extends to the bottom end of the interior of the first housing. The inverted T-shaped hole is located at the lower end of the copper mirror. A second lens is provided at the top of the horizontal part of the inverted T-shaped hole. The lower end of the second lens is attached to a second pressure ring, and the second pressure ring is detachably connected to the inverted T-shaped hole.

[0023] The second component includes a first mounting box and a second drawer seat. The first mounting box is installed at the lower end of the first outer shell, and the outlet of the first mounting box is arranged facing forward. The upper and lower end faces of the first mounting box are both recessed to form a second hole, and both second holes are arranged to communicate with the inner cavity of the first mounting box. The upper end of the second hole on the upper side is arranged to communicate with the lower end of the inverted T-shaped hole. The second drawer seat is slidably connected inside the inner cavity of the first mounting box, and the upper and lower ends of the second drawer seat are respectively arranged to communicate with the two second holes. A third lens is provided inside the second drawer seat. The front end of the outlet of the first mounting box is attached to a second cover plate, and the second cover plate is attached to the front end of the second drawer seat. The right end of the second cover plate is hinged to the first mounting box. A second bolt is movably installed on the front end of the left part of the second cover plate, and the second bolt passes through the second cover plate and is threadedly connected to the first mounting box.

[0024] The air knife assembly includes a connecting plate, an air inlet pad, and a blocking plate. The connecting plate is installed at the lower end of the first mounting box. The upper part of the middle of the connecting plate is recessed downward to form a first hole, which penetrates the connecting plate. The upper end of the first hole is connected to the lower end of a second hole located on the lower side. An air inlet pad is provided at the lower right end of the connecting plate, and the air inlet pad is located to the right of the first hole. The air inlet pad has a hollow structure. A blocking plate is installed at the lower end of the air inlet pad. A through hole is opened in the middle of the upper part of the blocking plate, and the through hole is located directly below the first hole. An air outlet is opened on the left end face of the air inlet pad. An air pipe connector is connected to the front end of the air inlet pad.

[0025] Furthermore, the actuator also includes a nozzle assembly;

[0026] The nozzle assembly includes a third mounting base, a locking plate, a hollow shaft, a transition sleeve, and a powder spray nozzle. The third mounting base is connected to the lower end of the first mounting box. The locking plate is installed at the lower end of the third mounting base. An annular plate is movably arranged inside the locking plate and is located at the lower end of the third mounting base. The upper end of the annular plate is connected to the third mounting base. Multiple fifth bolts are threaded at equal intervals on the outer end of the locking plate, and the fifth bolts pass through the locking plate and are slidably connected to the annular plate. The hollow shaft is connected to the lower end of the annular plate and extends out of the lower side of the locking plate. A transition sleeve is movably arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft and extends into the transition sleeve. The transition sleeve is located at the lower side of the locking plate. Multiple fourth bolts are threaded at equal intervals on the annular end of the transition sleeve, and the fourth bolts pass through the transition sleeve and are connected to the hollow shaft. The powder spray nozzle is connected to the lower end of the transition sleeve.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] 1. By using the first bolt to open the first cover plate, the first drawer seat can be pulled out from the collimation base, and the first lens can be removed from the first drawer seat and cleaned. By using the second bolt to open the second cover plate, the second drawer seat can be pulled out from the first mounting box, and the third lens can be removed from the second drawer seat and cleaned. By using the third bolt to open the third cover plate, the third drawer seat can be pulled out from the second mounting box, and the fourth lens can be removed from the third drawer seat and cleaned. This allows the first, third, and fourth lenses to be installed in a drawer-type configuration, facilitating disassembly, assembly, and cleaning, ensuring high cleanliness of the lenses, effectively reducing the probability of errors during processing, and effectively guaranteeing processing quality.

[0029] 2. Gas can be supplied into the air inlet pad through the air pipe connector, and then the gas in the air inlet pad can be sprayed to the left through the air outlet. With the assistance of the baffle plate, it can block the splashes and dust generated by laser cutting and blow away the impurities in the processing area, stabilize the processing environment, thereby extending the life of optical components and improving the processing quality.

[0030] 3. The copper mirror focusing assembly can be removed from the right end of the beam combining mechanism. Masking tape is used to cover and seal both the cylinder on the right end of the beam combining mechanism and the cylinder on the left end of the copper mirror focusing assembly. Then, the structure formed by the nozzle assembly, replacement spot assembly, and second protective lens group is removed. The masking tape on the beam combining mechanism and the replacement spot assembly is then removed. Bolts and other fasteners are used to secure the new first assembly to the beam combining mechanism. The workpiece can be clad using the fiber optic interface, collimation protection mechanism, collimation mechanism, beam combining mechanism, upper protective lens mechanism, molten pool temperature measurement assembly, CCD intelligent detection assembly, middle protective lens mechanism, replacement spot assembly, second protective lens group, and nozzle assembly. This modular replacement effectively reduces the overall equipment purchase cost, improves production efficiency, and achieves multi-functionality. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional laser processing head according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a multifunctional laser processing head according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the collimation mechanism in a multifunctional laser processing head according to this utility model;

[0035] Figure 4This is a perspective view of the beam combining mechanism in a multifunctional laser processing head according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A sectional view;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the air knife assembly in a multifunctional laser processing head according to this utility model;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the first protective lens assembly in a multifunctional laser processing head according to this utility model;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the upper protective mirror mechanism in a multifunctional laser processing head according to this utility model;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the multifunctional laser processing head of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle assembly in a multifunctional laser processing head according to the present invention;

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 1-Fiber optic interface;

[0044] 2-Collimation protection mechanism, 21-First bolt, 22-First cover plate, 23-First pressure ring, 231-Lubricating pad ring, 24-First drawer seat, 241-First plug seal, 25-First lens, 26-Opening;

[0045] 3-Collimation mechanism, 31-Collimation base;

[0046] 4-Copper mirror focusing assembly, 41-First housing, 42-First mounting base, 43-Second lens, 44-Second pressure ring, 45-Copper mirror;

[0047] 5-Air knife assembly, 51-Connecting plate, 52-First hole, 53-Air inlet pad, 531-Air outlet, 54-Blocking plate;

[0048] 6-First protective lens assembly, 61-Second bolt, 62-Second cover plate, 63-First mounting box, 64-Second hole, 65-Second drawer seat, 651-First lubricating pad, 652-Second plug seal, 66-Third lens;

[0049] 7-Band combining mechanism, 71-Second housing, 72-Second mounting base, 73-Band combining mirror;

[0050] 8-Upper protective lens mechanism, 81-Third bolt, 82-Second mounting box, 83-Third cover plate, 84-Third drawer seat, 841-Third plug seal, 842-Second lubricating pad, 85-Fourth lens, 86-Third hole;

[0051] 9-Molten pool temperature measuring component, 91-Reflector, 92-Molten pool temperature measuring sensor, 93-Temperature measuring fixture;

[0052] 10 - CCD intelligent detection component, 101 - CCD detector, 102 - Connecting base;

[0053] 11-Nozzle assembly, 111-Third mounting base, 112-Locking plate, 113-Hollow shaft, 114-Transition sleeve, 115-Powder nozzle, 116-Fourth bolt, 117-Fifth bolt;

[0054] 12- Replace the light spot assembly;

[0055] 13-Mid-end protective lens mechanism, 131-Cylinder, 132-Third pressure ring, 133-Fifth lens;

[0056] 14 - Second protective lens group. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0058] Example 1, as Figures 1-8 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a multifunctional laser processing head, including: an optical fiber interface 1, which adopts a standardized quick-plug structure and is equipped with a two-stage lock to prevent the optical fiber rod from falling off. It is compatible with the optical fiber specifications of commonly used lasers, ensuring the stability and coaxiality of the laser beam access. It is used to access the laser beam. A collimation mechanism 3 is connected and set on the lower end of the optical fiber interface 1, and a collimation protection mechanism 2 extending into the collimation mechanism 3 is installed on the upper front end of the collimation mechanism 3. An upper protective mirror mechanism 8 is connected and set on the lower end of the collimation mechanism 3. The collimation mechanism 3, the collimation protection mechanism 2 and the upper protective mirror mechanism 8 work together to correct and collimate the laser emitted from the optical fiber interface 1.

[0059] The beam combining mechanism 7 is connected and installed on the lower end of the upper protective mirror mechanism 8. The beam combining mechanism 7 combines light of different wavelengths. The CCD intelligent detection component 10 is connected and installed on the left end of the beam combining mechanism 7. The molten pool temperature measuring component 9 is connected and installed on the left end of the CCD intelligent detection component 10. The CCD intelligent detection component 10 and the molten pool temperature measuring component 9 work together to monitor the laser processing in real time.

[0060] The first component is a copper mirror focusing component, and the second component is a first protective lens group. The copper mirror focusing component 4 is connected and installed on the right end of the beam combining mechanism 7. The copper mirror focusing component 4 focuses the beam. The middle protective lens mechanism 13 is set between the copper mirror focusing component 4 and the beam combining mechanism 7. The middle protective lens mechanism 13 protects the combined beam. The first protective lens group 6 is connected and installed on the lower end of the copper mirror focusing component 4. The first protective lens group 6 protects the focused beam. The air knife component 5 is connected and set on the lower end of the first protective lens group 6. The first protective lens group 6 realizes the protection operation.

[0061] The collimation mechanism 3 includes a collimation base 31 and a collimation lens. The upper end of the collimation base 31 is connected to the lower end of the fiber optic interface 1. The collimation base 31 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the collimation lens. The collimation lens located directly above the third hole 86 is installed inside the collimation base 31. Through the collimation lens, the conical diverging laser can be collimated into a cylindrical light spot.

[0062] The collimation protection mechanism 2 includes a first cover plate 22, a first pressure ring 23, a first drawer seat 24, and a first lens 25. An opening 26 is formed by a rearward recess at the upper front end of the collimation base 31, and the opening 26 extends to the inner front wall of the collimation base 31. The opening 26 serves as a channel for the first drawer seat 24 to be placed and removed between the collimation base 31. The first drawer seat 24, whose front end extends into the opening 26, is slidably connected to the collimation base 31, and both the upper and lower ends of the first drawer seat 24 are in communication with the collimation base 31. A first plug seal 241 is provided at the lower end of the first drawer seat 24. The first drawer seat 24 provides a mounting carrier for the first lens 25, and the first plug seal 241 enables a self-tightening sealing connection between the lower end of the first drawer seat 24 and the collimation base 31.

[0063] The first lens 25, located directly below the fiber optic interface 1, is placed on the bottom of the first drawer seat 24. The first lens 25 assists in optimizing laser transmission. A first retaining ring 23, extending from the upper end of the first drawer seat 24, is attached to the upper end of the first lens 25. The first retaining ring 23 and the first drawer seat 24 are detachably connected by threads. A lubricating pad ring 231 is provided on the upper end of the first retaining ring 23. The first retaining ring 23 secures the first lens 25 to the first drawer seat 24, and the lubricating pad... Ring 231 provides lubrication between the first pressure ring 23 and the inner top of the collimation base 31. Then, the first cover plate 22, which is attached to the front end of the opening 26, is attached to the front end of the first drawer seat 24. The right end of the first cover plate 22 is hinged to the collimation base 31, and the first bolt 21 is movably disposed on the left front end of the first cover plate 22. The shank of the first bolt 21 passes through the first cover plate 22 and is threadedly connected to the collimation base 31. The first bolt 21 and the first cover plate 22 work together to facilitate the easy assembly and disassembly of the first drawer seat 24 and the collimation base 31.

[0064] The upper protective lens mechanism 8 includes a second mounting box 82, a third drawer seat 84, and a third cover plate 83. The lower end of the collimation base 31, which is arranged to communicate with the third hole 86, is detachably connected to the middle of the upper end of the second mounting box 82 by means of threads. The outlet of the second mounting box 82 is arranged facing forward, and the lower end of the second mounting box 82 is arranged to communicate with the upper end of the second outer shell 71. The connection position between the second mounting box 82 and the second outer shell 71 is located directly above the beam combiner 73. The second mounting box 82 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the third drawer seat 84. The upper end of the middle part of the second mounting box 82 is recessed downward to form a third hole 86, and the lower end of the third hole 86 is arranged to communicate with the inner cavity of the second mounting box 82. The laser enters the second mounting box 82 through the third hole 86.

[0065] The third drawer seat 84 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second mounting box 82, and the upper end of the third drawer seat 84 is in communication with the lower end of the third hole 86. A third plug seal 841 is provided at the upper end of the third drawer seat 84, and a second lubricating pad 842 is installed at the lower end of the third drawer seat 84. The third drawer seat 84 provides a mounting carrier for the fourth lens 85. The second lubricating pad 842 lubricates the bottom of the third drawer seat 84 and the inner bottom of the second mounting box 82. The third plug seal 841 provides a self-tightening seal between the upper end of the third drawer seat 84 and the top of the inner top of the second mounting box 82, and restricts the fourth lens 85 from the third drawer seat 84. The fourth lens 85 is inserted into the third drawer seat 84 and provides auxiliary optimization for laser transmission.

[0066] The third cover plate 83, which is attached to the front end of the third drawer seat 84, is attached to the front end of the outlet of the second mounting box 82, and the right end of the third cover plate 83 is hinged to the second mounting box 82. The third bolt 81 is movably set on the front end of the left part of the third cover plate 83, and the shank of the third bolt 81 passes through the third cover plate 83 and is threadedly connected to the second mounting box 82. The third bolt 81 and the third cover plate 83 are used together to securely install the third drawer seat 84 and the second mounting box 82.

[0067] The beam-combining mechanism 7 includes a second housing 71 and a second mounting base 72. The vertical portion of the second mounting base 72, which has a T-shaped cross-section, is mounted on the left end of the second housing 71, and the horizontal portion of the second mounting base 72 extends into the second housing 71. The second mounting base 72 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the beam-combining mirror 73. The second mounting box 82 is disposed on the upper end of the second housing 71. The lower end of the third hole 86 is arranged to communicate with the upper end of the second housing 71. The second housing 71 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the second mounting box 82.

[0068] An inclined surface with a left-high and right-low arrangement is opened at the right end of the second mounting base 72. The beam combiner 73 is embedded in the middle of the right end of the inclined surface, and the right end face of the beam combiner 73 coincides with the inclined surface. The third hole 86 is located directly above the beam combiner 73. Different light beams are combined through the beam combiner 73. The beam combiner 73 can adopt a wavelength selective coating structure with a transmittance of ≥90% for the target wavelength laser and a reflectance of ≥90% for another laser of a different wavelength, so as to achieve precise coupling of the two lasers.

[0069] The CCD intelligent detection component 10 includes a CCD detector 101 and a connecting base 102. The connecting base 102 is connected to the left end of the second mounting base 72. The connecting base 102 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the CCD detector 101, and the CCD detector 101 is connected to the upper end of the connecting base 102. The CCD detector 101 is used to accurately acquire high-definition image information of the cutting area to assist in the identification of cutting defects. The CCD detector 101 can be a high-definition CCD camera with an image enhancement module. The high-definition CCD camera has a pixel count ≥ 5 million and a frame rate ≥ 60fps, which can realize real-time dynamic acquisition of the cutting area. The image enhancement module is used to improve the image clarity in low light and high reflectivity environments.

[0070] The molten pool temperature measurement assembly 9 includes a reflector 91, a molten pool temperature sensor 92, and a temperature measurement mounting base 93. The temperature measurement mounting base 93 is connected and mounted on the left end of the connecting base 102. The temperature measurement mounting base 93 provides a mounting carrier for the molten pool temperature sensor 92, and the molten pool temperature sensor 92 is mounted on the left end of the temperature measurement mounting base 93. The molten pool temperature sensor 92 collects temperature data of the center and edge areas of the molten pool in real time, which is used to monitor the temperature and temperature distribution of the molten pool in real time. The molten pool temperature sensor 92 can be an infrared temperature sensor.

[0071] A first inclined surface is formed at the lower left corner of the connecting base 102, and the first inclined surface is inclined with the left side higher than the right side. A second inclined surface is formed at the upper right corner of the temperature measuring fixture 93, and the second inclined surface is in close contact with the first inclined surface. A reflector 91 located directly below the CCD detector 101 is embedded in the middle of the first inclined surface. The temperature measuring light and the image acquisition light are reflected and passed through the reflector 91, respectively.

[0072] The copper mirror focusing assembly 4 includes a first housing 41, a first mounting base 42, and a copper mirror 45. The right end of the first housing 41 is detachably connected to the right end of the second housing 71 by bolts. The first housing 41 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the first mounting base 42. The vertical part of the first mounting base 42, which has a T-shaped cross-section, is mounted on the right end of the first housing 41, and the horizontal part of the first mounting base 42 is located inside the first housing 41. The first mounting base 42 provides a mounting carrier for the copper mirror 45. The copper mirror 45, located inside the first housing 41, is placed on the left end of the first mounting base 42. The copper mirror 45 refocuses the synthesized beam to form a conical beam, which is finally focused into a light spot. The diameter and depth of focus of the light spot are determined by the laser parameters, collimating lens, and the copper mirror 45.

[0073] An inverted T-shaped hole is formed at the lower end of the first housing 41, extending upwards to the bottom of the first housing 41. The inverted T-shaped hole provides installation space for components such as the second lens 43. The second lens 43 is placed on the top of the horizontal part of the inverted T-shaped hole. The second lens 43 assists in optimizing the transmission of focused light. The second pressure ring 44 is attached to the lower end of the second lens 43. The second pressure ring 44 and the inverted T-shaped hole are detachably connected by threads. The second pressure ring 44 securely installs the second lens 43 and the inverted T-shaped hole.

[0074] The mid-range protective mirror mechanism 13 includes two cylinders 131. The cylinder 131 located on the right side is connected and embedded in the middle of the left end of the first housing 41, and the cylinder 131 is located directly to the left of the copper mirror 45. The cylinder 131 located on the left side is connected and embedded in the middle of the right end of the second housing 71, and the cylinder 131 is located to the right of the second mounting base 72. The two cylinders 131 are in close contact with each other. Through the cylinders 131, a mounting carrier is provided for components such as the fifth lens 133.

[0075] Two fifth lenses 133 are respectively installed inside two cylinders 131. The two fifth lenses 133 work together to assist and optimize the transmission of the combined light beam. Two third pressure rings 132 are respectively placed inside two cylinders 131 and are respectively attached to the inward ends of the two fifth lenses 133. The third pressure rings 132 are used to securely install the fifth lenses 133 to the cylinders 131.

[0076] The first protective lens assembly 6 includes a first mounting box 63 and a second drawer seat 65. The first mounting box 63, with its outlet facing forward, is mounted on the lower end of the first outer shell 41. The first mounting box 63 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the second drawer seat 65. The upper and lower end faces of the first mounting box 63 are recessed inward to form second holes 64. Both second holes 64 are arranged to communicate with the inner cavity of the first mounting box 63. The upper end of the second hole 64 on the upper side is arranged to communicate with the lower end of the inverted T-shaped hole. The focused light passes through the first mounting box 63 through the second holes 64.

[0077] The second drawer seat 65 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the first mounting box 63, and its upper and lower ends are respectively connected to two second holes 64. A first lubricating pad 651 is installed on the upper end of the second drawer seat 65, and a second plug seal 652 is provided at the lower end of the second drawer seat 65. The second drawer seat 65 provides installation space for the third lens 66. The first lubricating pad 651 lubricates the area between the second drawer seat 65 and the top of the interior of the first mounting box 63, and the second plug seal 652 allows for lubrication between the lower end of the second drawer seat 65 and the bottom end of the interior of the first mounting box 63. The system employs a self-tightening sealing connection, which also restricts the connection between the third lens 66 and the second drawer seat 65. The third lens 66 is placed inside the second drawer seat 65. The transmission of focused light is optimized through the third lens 66. An air inlet is provided on the first mounting box 63 to supply air into the first mounting box 63, thereby forming a high-pressure air curtain under the third lens 66. The air curtain isolates metal splashes and dust generated during processing. Contaminants are blown off the surface of the third lens 66 by the airflow and discharged from the processing area with the airflow. The third lens 66 is always kept clean, ensuring stable laser transmittance.

[0078] The second cover plate 62, which is attached to the front end of the second drawer seat 65, is attached to the front end of the outlet of the first mounting box 63, and the right end of the second cover plate 62 is hinged to the first mounting box 63. The second bolt 61 is movably installed on the front end of the left part of the second cover plate 62, and the second bolt 61 passes through the second cover plate 62 and is threadedly connected to the first mounting box 63. The second bolt 61 and the second cover plate 62 are used to securely install the second drawer seat 65 and the first mounting box 63.

[0079] The air knife assembly 5 includes a connecting plate 51, an air inlet pad 53, and a baffle plate 54. The connecting plate 51 is installed on the lower end of the first mounting box 63. The air inlet pad 53 provides a mounting carrier through the connecting plate 51. A first hole 52 is formed by recessing the upper end of the middle part of the connecting plate 51 downwards. The upper end of the first hole 52 is connected to the lower end of the second hole 64 located on the lower side. The focused light beam passes through the connecting plate 51 through the first hole 52.

[0080] An air intake pad 53 located to the right of the first hole 52 is placed on the lower right side of the connecting plate 51. The air intake pad 53 has a hollow structure. The air intake pad 53 provides a mounting carrier for components such as the baffle plate 54. An air pipe connector is connected and installed on the front end of the air intake pad 53. Gas is supplied into the air intake pad 53 through the air pipe connector. An air outlet 531 is opened on the left end face of the air intake pad 53. Airflow is sprayed out through the air outlet 531 to blow away impurities in the processing area. The baffle plate 54 is placed on the lower end of the air intake pad 53. A through hole is opened in the middle of the upper end of the baffle plate 54. The through hole is located directly below the first hole 52. The baffle plate 54 is used to block splashes and dust.

[0081] During assembly, the collimation protection mechanism 2, collimation mechanism 3, copper mirror focusing assembly 4, air knife assembly 5, first protective mirror group 6, bundle combining mechanism 7, upper protective mirror mechanism 8, molten pool temperature measuring assembly 9, and CCD intelligent detection assembly 10 are assembled sequentially. Then, the upper protective mirror mechanism 8 is fastened to the upper end of the bundle combining mechanism 7, and the collimation mechanism 3 is fastened to the upper end of the upper protective mirror mechanism 8. Then, the collimation protection mechanism 2 is assembled onto the collimation mechanism 3, and the fiber optic interface 1 is fastened to the upper end of the collimation mechanism 3.

[0082] Then, the CCD intelligent detection component 10 is fastened to the left end of the beam combining mechanism 7, and the molten pool temperature measuring component 9 is fastened to the left end of the CCD intelligent detection component 10. Then, a structure formed by the cylinder 131, the third pressure ring 132 and the fifth lens 133 is installed on the middle right end of the second housing 71 on the beam combining mechanism 7, and another structure is set on the left end of the first housing 41 on the copper mirror focusing component 4. Then, the first protective lens group 6 is fastened to the lower end of the copper mirror focusing component 4, and the air knife component 5 is fastened to the lower end of the first protective lens group 6. Then, the rear end of the beam combining mechanism 7 is fastened to the front end of the relevant robotic arm, and then the optical fiber of the laser is connected to the optical fiber interface 1.

[0083] The various functions in the laser processing head are modularized, and water-cooling structures are designed on the fiber optic interface 1, collimation mechanism 3, copper mirror focusing component 4, beam combining mechanism 7, and CCD intelligent detection component 10. The water-cooling structures on the fiber optic interface 1, collimation mechanism 3, copper mirror focusing component 4, beam combining mechanism 7, and CCD intelligent detection component 10 are arranged in series, so that components such as the fiber optic interface 1 are always kept at a low temperature during operation, which can ensure stable optical path output.

[0084] In use, the robotic arm first moves the processing structure formed by the fiber optic interface 1, collimation mechanism 3, copper mirror focusing assembly 4, first protective mirror group 6, and beam combining mechanism 7 in three dimensions, so that the first protective mirror group 6 moves to the initial position directly above the workpiece. Then, the laser is transmitted into the collimation base 31 through the laser and the fiber optic interface 1. The laser then passes through the first lens 25 and the collimating lens in sequence, and then transmits the laser to the third hole 86 on the second mounting box 82. Then the laser passes through the fourth lens 85. At this time, the first lens 25, the collimating lens, and the fourth lens 85 collimate the transmitted laser into a cylindrical spot. Then the collimated laser is transmitted into the second housing 71 and irradiates the beam combining mirror 73.

[0085] Simultaneously, the molten pool temperature sensor 92 transmits temperature measuring light to the right. The temperature measuring light then passes through the reflector 91 and illuminates the beam combiner 73. At this time, the CCD detector 101 transmits acquisition light downwards, which then illuminates the reflector 91. The reflector 91 reflects the acquisition light, and the reflected acquisition light also illuminates the beam combiner 73. With the assistance of the beam combiner 73, the acquisition light, temperature measuring light, and laser light are combined to form a beam. The beam combines and transmits to the right within the second housing 71. The beam combines and passes through the two fifth lenses 133 and is transmitted into the first housing 41. The beam combines and illuminates the copper mirror 45, which refocuses the beam, ultimately forming a focused beam.

[0086] Then, the focused light beam passes through the second lens 43 and is transmitted to the second hole 64 on the first mounting box 63. Then, the focused light beam passes through the third lens 66 and passes through the first hole 52 and the baffle plate 54 in sequence, illuminating the surface of the workpiece and forming a light spot with a predetermined diameter and focal depth on the workpiece surface. Then, the robotic arm is used to move the beam combining mechanism 7 and the collimation mechanism 3 and other components along a predetermined trajectory, so that the light spot moves along the predetermined trajectory on the workpiece surface, thereby completing the laser cutting operation on the workpiece.

[0087] During the laser cutting process, the CCD detector 101 can accurately acquire high-definition image information of the cutting area to help identify cutting defects, and the molten pool temperature sensor 92 can acquire temperature data of the center and edge areas of the molten pool in real time, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the molten pool temperature and temperature distribution.

[0088] Furthermore, gas can be supplied to the air inlet pad 53 through the air pipe connector, and then the gas in the air inlet pad 53 is sprayed to the left through the air outlet 531. The diameter of the air outlet 531 can be 0.5mm, and the blowing pressure is 0.3-0.8MPa, thereby forming an air channel with a width of 8mm and a height of 7mm. With the assistance of the baffle plate 54, the splashes and dust generated by the laser cutting operation are blocked and the impurities in the processing area are blown away, thereby stabilizing the processing environment, extending the life of optical components and improving the processing quality. Inert gas is preferred for supplying gas to the air inlet pad 53 and gas to the first mounting box 63, which is suitable for high-precision processing scenarios. Dry compressed air can be used in conventional processing to reduce costs.

[0089] During maintenance, the first bolt 21 is rotated to release the threaded connection between the first bolt 21 and the collimation base 31. Then, the first cover plate 22 is opened to expose the opening 26. The first drawer seat 24 is then pinched and pulled out of the collimation base 31 through the opening 26. The first pressure ring 23 inside the first drawer seat 24 is then disassembled. The first lens 25 is then removed from the first drawer seat 24. The first lens 25 is then cleaned. The first pressure ring 23 or the accessories on the first drawer seat 24 can be replaced if they are worn out.

[0090] The cleaned first lens 25 is then placed back into the first drawer seat 24, and then the first pressure ring 23 is used to reinstall it onto the first drawer seat 24, so that the first lens 25 and the first drawer seat 24 are securely installed. The first drawer seat 24 is then reinserted into the collimation base 31 through the opening 26. At this time, the upper end of the first drawer seat 24 and the inner top of the collimation base 31 are sealed together. Then the first cover plate 22 is closed, and the first bolt 21 is re-threaded to the collimation base 31, so that the first drawer seat 24 is securely installed into the collimation base 31.

[0091] Rotate the second bolt 61 to release the threaded connection between the second bolt 61 and the first mounting box 63. Then open the second cover plate 62 to expose the outlet of the first mounting box 63. Then pinch the second drawer seat 65 and pull it out of the first mounting box 63. Then remove the third lens 66 from the second drawer seat 65. Then clean the third lens 66 and replace any worn parts on the second drawer seat 65.

[0092] Then, put the cleaned third lens 66 back into the second drawer seat 65, and then insert the second drawer seat 65 back into the first mounting box 63. At this time, the upper end of the second drawer seat 65 is sealed to the top of the inside of the first mounting box 63. Then, close the second cover 62, and then re-thread the second bolt 61 to the first mounting box 63 to secure the second drawer seat 65 to the first mounting box 63.

[0093] Rotate the third bolt 81 to release the threaded connection between the third bolt 81 and the second mounting box 82. Then open the third cover plate 83 to expose the outlet of the second mounting box 82. Then pinch the third drawer seat 84 and pull it out of the second mounting box 82. Then remove the fourth lens 85 from the third drawer seat 84. Then clean the fourth lens 85 and replace the parts on the third drawer seat 84 if they are worn out.

[0094] The cleaned fourth lens 85 is then placed back into the third drawer seat 84, and then the third drawer seat 84 is reinserted into the second mounting box 82. At this time, the upper end of the third drawer seat 84 and the inner top of the second mounting box 82 are sealed together. Then the third cover plate 83 is closed, and the third bolt 81 is re-threaded into the second mounting box 82, so that the third drawer seat 84 is securely installed in the second mounting box 82. This achieves drawer-type installation of the first lens 25, the third lens 66, and the fourth lens 85, which is convenient for disassembly, assembly, and cleaning. It can ensure high cleanliness of the related lenses, effectively reduce the probability of errors during processing, and effectively guarantee processing quality.

[0095] Example 2, as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the actuator also includes a nozzle assembly 11; the nozzle assembly 11 includes a third mounting base 111, a locking plate 112, a hollow shaft 113, a transition sleeve 114, and a powder nozzle 115. The third mounting base 111 is connected to the lower end of the first mounting box 63. The locking plate 112 is installed at the lower end of the third mounting base 111. An annular plate is movably arranged inside the locking plate 112, and the annular plate is located at the lower end of the third mounting base 111. The upper end of the annular plate is connected to the third mounting base 111. Multiple fifth bolts 117 are equidistantly threaded to the outer end of the locking plate 112, and the fifth bolts 117 pass through the locking plate 112 and are connected to the third mounting base 111. The annular plate is slidably connected, and the lower end of the annular plate is connected to the hollow shaft 113. The hollow shaft 113 extends out of the lower side of the locking plate 112. The lower end of the hollow shaft 113 is movably provided with a transition sleeve 114, and the lower end of the hollow shaft 113 extends into the transition sleeve 114. The transition sleeve 114 is located on the lower side of the locking plate 112. The annular end of the transition sleeve 114 is threaded with multiple fourth bolts 116 at equal intervals, and the fourth bolts 116 pass through the transition sleeve 114 and are connected to the hollow shaft 113. The lower end of the transition sleeve 114 is connected to the powder spray nozzle 115. The first component is the replacement light spot component 12, and the second component is the second protective lens group 14.

[0096] When the workpiece needs to be clad, first remove the copper mirror focusing assembly 4 from the right end of the beam combining mechanism 7. At the same time, use masking tape to cover and seal the cylinder 131 on the right end of the beam combining mechanism 7, and also cover and seal the cylinder 131 on the left end of the copper mirror focusing assembly 4. Then, take out the structure formed by the nozzle assembly 11, the replacement spot assembly 12 and the second protective mirror assembly 14. Then, tear off the masking tape on the beam combining mechanism 7 and the replacement spot assembly 12. Then, attach the left end of the replacement spot assembly 12 to the right end of the beam combining mechanism 7. Finally, use bolts and other fasteners to fasten the replacement spot assembly 12 to the beam combining mechanism 7.

[0097] Then, using the fifth bolt 117, the annular plate, hollow shaft 113 and other components are adjusted to be centered on the horizontal plane for correction. Then, using the fourth bolt 116, the transition sleeve 114 and the powder spray nozzle 115 are adjusted in the up and down position, thereby completing the calibration of the powder spray nozzle 115.

[0098] Then, the beam of light formed by the fiber optic interface 1, collimation protection mechanism 2, collimation mechanism 3, beam combining mechanism 7, upper protective mirror mechanism 8, molten pool temperature measuring component 9, CCD intelligent detection component 10 and middle protective mirror mechanism 13 is transmitted to the replacement spot component 12. The replacement spot component 12 focuses the beam of light into a focused light with another parameter. Then, the focused light passes through the second hole 64 and the third lens 66 on the second protective mirror group 14, and then passes through the third mounting base 111, the annular plate, the hollow shaft 113, the transition sleeve 114 and the powder spraying nozzle 115 in sequence and irradiates the surface of the workpiece, forming a light spot with a predetermined diameter and focal depth on the surface of the workpiece.

[0099] Then, the robotic arm is used to move components such as the beam-combining mechanism 7 and the collimation mechanism 3 along a predetermined trajectory, so that the light spot moves along the predetermined trajectory on the surface of the workpiece. At the same time, the powder spraying nozzle 115 sprays powder onto the irradiation area on the surface of the workpiece to complete the cladding operation of the workpiece, realize modular replacement, effectively reduce the overall equipment purchase cost, improve production efficiency, and achieve multi-functional effects.

[0100] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-functional laser machining head, characterized by, include: Fiber optic interface (1); The collimation mechanism (3) is connected to the lower end of the fiber optic interface (1); Collimation protection mechanism (2) is installed at the upper front end of collimation mechanism (3). The collimation protection mechanism (2) extends into collimation mechanism (3) and the first lens (25) is detachably connected inside the collimation protection mechanism (2). The upper protective lens mechanism (8) is connected to the lower end of the collimation mechanism (3), and the fourth lens (85) is detachably connected inside the upper protective lens mechanism (8). The beam-combining mechanism (7) is connected to the lower end of the upper protective mirror mechanism (8); The monitoring mechanism is connected to the left end of the bundle-combining mechanism (7); The actuator is connected to the right end of the bundle-joining mechanism (7); The mid-range protective mirror mechanism (13) is installed between the actuator and the bundle-joining mechanism (7).

2. The multi-functional laser machining head according to claim 1, characterized by: The mid-end protective lens mechanism (13) includes two cylinders (131), which are respectively connected and embedded in the right end of the bundling mechanism (7) and the left end of the actuator. The two cylinders (131) are attached to each other. A fifth lens (133) is installed in each of the two cylinders (131). A third pressure ring (132) is provided in each of the two cylinders (131), and the two third pressure rings (132) are respectively attached to the inward end of the two fifth lenses (133).

3. The multi-functional laser machining head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The beam-combining mechanism (7) includes a second housing (71) and a second mounting base (72). The second mounting base (72) has a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical part of the second mounting base (72) is installed on the left end of the second housing (71), and the horizontal part of the second mounting base (72) extends into the second housing (71). The right end of the second mounting base (72) has an inclined surface arranged with the left side higher than the right side. A beam-combining mirror (73) is inlaid in the middle of the inclined surface, and the right end face of the beam-combining mirror (73) coincides with the inclined surface. The cylinder (131) located on the left side is connected and inlaid in the middle of the right end of the second housing (71), and the cylinder (131) is located on the right side of the second mounting base (72).

4. The multi-functional laser machining head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring mechanism includes a molten pool temperature measuring component (9) and a CCD intelligent detection component (10). The CCD intelligent detection component (10) includes a CCD detector (101) and a connecting base (102). The connecting base (102) is connected to the left end of the second mounting base (72). The lower left corner of the connecting base (102) has a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is inclined with the left side higher than the right side. The upper end of the connecting base (102) is connected to the CCD detector (101). The molten pool temperature measuring component (9) includes a reflector (91), a molten pool temperature sensor (92), and a temperature measuring fixture (93). The temperature measuring fixture (93) is connected to the left end of the connecting base (102), and a second inclined surface is opened at the upper right corner of the temperature measuring fixture (93). The second inclined surface is in contact with the first inclined surface. The molten pool temperature sensor (92) is installed at the left end of the temperature measuring fixture (93). The reflector (91) is embedded in the middle of the first inclined surface, and the reflector (91) is located directly below the CCD detector (101).

5. The multi-functional laser machining head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper protective lens mechanism (8) includes a second mounting box (82), which is disposed on the upper end of the second outer shell (71), and the outlet of the second mounting box (82) is arranged facing forward. The upper end of the middle part of the second mounting box (82) is recessed downward to form a third hole (86), and the lower end of the third hole (86) is arranged in communication with the inner cavity of the second mounting box (82). The lower end of the second mounting box (82) is arranged in communication with the upper end of the second outer shell (71), and the communication position between the second mounting box (82) and the second outer shell (71) is located directly above the beam combiner (73). The third drawer seat (84) is slidably connected inside the cavity of the second mounting box (82). The upper end of the third drawer seat (84) is in communication with the lower end of the third hole (86). The fourth lens (85) is inserted into the third drawer seat (84). The front end of the outlet of the second mounting box (82) is attached to the third cover plate (83), and the third cover plate (83) is attached to the front end of the third drawer seat (84). The right end of the third cover plate (83) is hinged to the second mounting box (82). The front end of the left part of the third cover plate (83) is movably provided with a third bolt (81), and the rod of the third bolt (81) passes through the third cover plate (83) and is threadedly connected to the second mounting box (82).

6. The multifunctional laser processing head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collimation mechanism (3) includes a collimation base (31), which is detachably connected to the middle of the upper end of the second mounting box (82), and the lower end of the collimation base (31) is connected to the third hole (86). A collimation lens is installed inside the collimation base (31), and the collimation lens is located directly above the third hole (86). An optical fiber interface (1) is connected to the upper end of the collimation base (31).

7. The multi-functional laser machining head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collimation protection mechanism (2) includes a first cover plate (22), a first pressure ring (23), a first drawer seat (24), and an opening (26). The upper front end of the collimation base (31) is recessed to form an opening (26), and the opening (26) extends to the inner front wall of the collimation base (31). The first drawer seat (24) is slidably connected inside the collimation base (31), and the front end of the first drawer seat (24) extends into the opening (26). Both the upper and lower ends of the first drawer seat (24) are in communication with the collimation base (31). The first lens (25) is placed at the bottom of the first drawer seat (24), and the first lens (25) is located directly below the fiber optic interface (1). The upper end of the first lens (25) is attached to the first pressure ring (23). The first pressure ring (23) is detachably connected to the first drawer seat (24), and the first pressure ring (23) extends from the upper end of the first drawer seat (24). The front end of the opening (26) is attached to the first cover plate (22), and the first cover plate (22) is attached to the front end of the first drawer seat (24). The right end of the first cover plate (22) is hinged to the collimation base (31). The front end of the left part of the first cover plate (22) is movably provided with the first bolt (21), and the shank of the first bolt (21) passes through the first cover plate (22) and is threadedly connected to the collimation base (31).

8. The multi-functional laser machining head according to claim 3, characterized by: The actuator includes a first component, an air knife component (5), and a second component. The first component includes a first housing (41), a first mounting base (42), and a copper mirror (45). The first mounting base (42) has a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical part of the first mounting base (42) is mounted on the right end of the first housing (41), and the horizontal part of the first mounting base (42) is located inside the first housing (41). The copper mirror (45) is provided on the left end of the first mounting base (42), and the copper mirror (45) is located inside the first housing (41). The first housing (41) is detachably connected. At the right end of the second outer shell (71), the cylinder (131) located on the right side is connected to the middle of the left end of the first outer shell (41), and the cylinder (131) is located on the left side of the bronze mirror (45). The lower end of the first outer shell (41) is recessed upward to form an inverted T-shaped hole, and the inverted T-shaped hole extends to the bottom of the interior of the first outer shell (41). The inverted T-shaped hole is located at the lower end of the bronze mirror (45). The top of the horizontal part of the inverted T-shaped hole is provided with a second lens (43). The lower end of the second lens (43) is attached to the second pressure ring (44), and the second pressure ring (44) is detachably connected to the inverted T-shaped hole. The second component includes a first mounting box (63) and a second drawer seat (65). The first mounting box (63) is mounted on the lower end of the first outer shell (41), and the outlet of the first mounting box (63) faces forward. Both the upper and lower end faces of the first mounting box (63) are recessed inward to form second holes (64), and both second holes (64) are arranged in communication with the inner cavity of the first mounting box (63). The upper end of the second hole (64) located on the upper side is arranged in communication with the lower end of the inverted T-shaped hole. The second drawer seat (65) is slidably connected inside the inner cavity of the first mounting box (63). The upper and lower ends of the second drawer seat (65) are respectively connected to two second holes (64). A third lens (66) is provided inside the second drawer seat (65). The front end of the outlet of the first mounting box (63) is attached to the second cover plate (62), and the second cover plate (62) is attached to the front end of the second drawer seat (65). The right end of the second cover plate (62) is hinged to the first mounting box (63). The front end of the left part of the second cover plate (62) is movably installed with a second bolt (61), and the second bolt (61) passes through the second cover plate (62) and is threadedly connected to the first mounting box (63). The air knife assembly (5) includes a connecting plate (51), an air inlet pad (53), and a baffle plate (54). The connecting plate (51) is installed at the lower end of the first mounting box (63). The upper part of the middle of the connecting plate (51) is recessed to form a first hole (52), and the first hole (52) penetrates the connecting plate (51). The upper end of the first hole (52) is connected to the lower end of the second hole (64) located on the lower side. The lower right end of the connecting plate (51) is provided with an air inlet pad (53), and the air inlet pad (53) is located to the right of the first hole (52). The air inlet pad (53) has a hollow structure. The lower end of the air inlet pad (53) is equipped with a baffle plate (54). The upper middle part of the baffle plate (54) is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is located directly below the first hole (52). The left end face of the air inlet pad (53) is provided with an air outlet (531), and the front end of the air inlet pad (53) is connected to an air pipe connector.

9. The multifunctional laser processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator also includes a nozzle assembly (11). The nozzle assembly (11) includes a third mounting base (111), a locking plate (112), a hollow shaft (113), a transition sleeve (114), and a powder nozzle (115). The third mounting base (111) is connected to the lower end of the first mounting box (63). The locking plate (112) is installed at the lower end of the third mounting base (111). An annular plate is movably arranged inside the locking plate (112), and the annular plate is located at the lower end of the third mounting base (111). The upper end of the annular plate is connected to the third mounting base (111). A plurality of fifth bolts (117) are threaded at equal intervals on the outer end of the locking plate (112), and the fifth bolts (117) pass through the locking plate. The plate (112) is slidably connected to the annular plate. The lower end of the annular plate is connected to the hollow shaft (113), and the hollow shaft (113) extends out of the lower side of the locking plate (112). The lower end of the hollow shaft (113) is movably provided with a transition sleeve (114), and the lower end of the hollow shaft (113) extends into the transition sleeve (114). The transition sleeve (114) is located on the lower side of the locking plate (112). The annular end of the transition sleeve (114) is equidistantly threaded with multiple fourth bolts (116), and the fourth bolts (116) pass through the transition sleeve (114) and are connected to the hollow shaft (113). The lower end of the transition sleeve (114) is connected to the powder spray nozzle (115).

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