Leveling and compacting device of 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a leveling and compacting device of a 3D printer, which comprises a bearing seat, a printing nozzle and a leveling compression roller mechanism, the printing nozzle is fixed on one side of the bearing seat, the leveling compression roller mechanism is arranged on the other side of the bearing seat, the leveling compression roller mechanism comprises a compression roller, a rotating wheel, a stepping motor and a synchronous belt transmission structure, and the stepping motor drives a synchronous belt through a driving wheel. The vertical distance between the bottom end of the compression roller and a nozzle opening of the printing spray head is 0.3-0.5 mm, the compaction precision is ensured, a heating pipe and a temperature sensor are arranged in the compression roller, precise temperature regulation and control are achieved in cooperation with a control unit, the wax pattern forming quality is improved, a cooling fan is additionally arranged on the outer side of a stepping motor, and the cooling effect is good. And the transmission stability of the synchronous belt is optimized through the spring tensioning mechanism. The device is compact in structure and has the functions of compaction, temperature control and heat dissipation, and the flatness and forming efficiency of a wax mold layer are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of 3D printer equipment technology, and in particular to a leveling and compaction device for 3D printers. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of 3D printing technology, especially in precision molding processes based on wax models, the leveling and compaction quality of the printed layers directly affects the precision and surface finish of the final product. Traditional 3D printers mostly use simple scrapers or fixed pressure rollers for layer leveling, but such devices have the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Insufficient temperature control: Wax mold materials are sensitive to temperature. If the pressure roller lacks heating function or temperature regulation capability, it is easy to cause poor material flowability, weak interlayer bonding or rough surface.

[0004] 2. Poor transmission stability: The pressure roller drive mostly adopts a direct rigid connection, and the synchronous belt is prone to loosening due to long-term use, which leads to fluctuations in the speed of the pressure roller and affects the uniformity of leveling.

[0005] 3. Heat dissipation and durability defects: The drive motor is prone to overheating when running continuously under high load. The lack of effective heat dissipation design will shorten the life of the equipment and reduce printing accuracy.

[0006] 4. Inaccurate height matching: If the height difference between the pressure roller and the printing nozzle is not precisely controlled, it may cause excessive compression or insufficient compaction, resulting in uneven layer thickness or material accumulation.

[0007] While existing technologies offer some improvements (such as adding a temperature control module or an elastic tensioning structure), they generally suffer from complex structures, limited functionality, or insufficient coordination, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve efficient compaction, precise temperature control, and stable transmission. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly integrated and adaptable leveling and compaction device to improve the molding quality and printing efficiency of materials such as wax molds. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the existing problems, this utility model proposes a leveling and compaction device for 3D printers, which has a compact structure and combines compaction, temperature control and heat dissipation functions, effectively improving the flatness of the wax model layer and the molding efficiency.

[0009] This utility model proposes a leveling and compaction device for a 3D printer, including a support base, a printing nozzle, and a leveling roller mechanism. The printing nozzle is fixedly installed on one side of the support base, and the leveling roller mechanism is located on the other side of the support base. The leveling roller mechanism includes a pressure roller, a rotating wheel located at one end of the pressure roller, and a stepper motor. The stepper motor is mounted on the support base, and the output shaft of the stepper motor has a drive wheel. The drive wheel is connected to the rotating wheel via a synchronous belt to drive the pressure roller to rotate around its axis, thereby leveling and compacting the wax pattern layer output by the printing nozzle.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting plate is provided between the stepper motor and the support base, and the stepper motor is rotatably connected to the support base through the connecting plate. A compression spring is provided on the support base, and the free end of the compression spring is connected to the connecting plate for tensioning the synchronous belt between the drive wheel of the stepper motor and the rotating wheel of the pressure roller.

[0011] Preferably, a cooling fan is provided on the outside of the stepper motor, which is used to dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the stepper motor.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure roller has a cavity along its axial direction, and a heating tube is provided in the cavity. The heating tube is used to heat the pressure roller and maintain its working temperature.

[0013] Preferably, a temperature sensor is provided at one end of the pressure roller, and the temperature sensor is connected to a control unit for real-time monitoring and adjustment of the temperature of the pressure roller.

[0014] Preferably, the leveling roller mechanism further includes a roller seat, and bearings are respectively provided between the roller seat and the two ends of the roller. The bearings are used to support the roller and enable it to rotate relative to the roller seat.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom end of the pressure roller is in the horizontal plane, and the vertical distance between the bottom end of the pressure roller and the nozzle of the print head is 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

[0016] The technical effects of the leveling and compaction device for 3D printers provided by this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. Precise temperature control and uniform compaction: The pressure roller is equipped with a heating tube and temperature sensor, which, together with the control unit, adjusts the temperature of the pressure roller in real time to ensure that the wax mold material is compacted at the optimal temperature, thereby enhancing the interlayer bonding and surface smoothness. The bottom of the pressure roller and the nozzle of the printing head are kept at a vertical height difference of 0.3 to 0.5 mm to avoid excessive compression or insufficient compaction and ensure uniform layer thickness.

[0018] 2. Improved transmission stability and durability: The stepper motor drives the pressure roller to rotate via a synchronous belt. Combined with the spring tensioning mechanism (compression spring and connecting plate), the synchronous belt deformation is automatically compensated to prevent transmission slack and ensure stable pressure roller speed. A cooling fan is added to the outside of the stepper motor to effectively reduce the motor's operating temperature and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0019] 3. Compact structure and integrated functions: The pressure roller is supported on the pressure roller seat by bearings, which can rotate flexibly. At the same time, the leveling pressure roller mechanism and the printing nozzle are placed on both sides of the support seat, which is reasonable and reduces space occupation. The temperature control, heat dissipation and tensioning functions are integrated into one, which simplifies the complexity of the equipment and improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0020] 4. Enhanced applicability: Suitable for printing on temperature-sensitive wax molds or thermoplastic materials. Through precise temperature control and stable transmission, it significantly reduces defects such as material shrinkage and warping, and improves molding accuracy and yield.

[0021] This device solves the problems of insufficient temperature control, transmission fluctuation, and poor heat dissipation in traditional leveling mechanisms, achieving efficient, stable, and high-precision interlayer leveling and compaction. It is suitable for high-requirement 3D printing scenarios such as precision casting and jewelry modeling. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling and compaction device from another perspective according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the leveling and compaction device according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure roller and bearing structure of the leveling and compaction device according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure roller structure of the cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Bearing seat; 2. Printing nozzle; 3. Leveling roller mechanism; 30. Roller; 301. Cavity; 302. Bearing; 31. Rotating wheel; 32. Stepper motor; 33. Drive wheel; 34. Connecting plate; 35. Compression spring; 36. Cooling fan; 37. Heating tube; 38. Temperature sensor; 39. Roller seat Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The leveling and compaction device of the 3D printer in this embodiment includes a support base 1, a printing nozzle 2, and a leveling pressure roller mechanism 3. The support base 1 is made of aluminum alloy and has mounting holes at both ends, and is mounted on the moving mechanism of the 3D printer. The printing nozzle 2 is fixedly mounted on one side of the support base 1, and its nozzle extends downward to extrude molten wax pattern material onto the printing platform below. The leveling pressure roller mechanism 3 is located on the other side of the support base 1, opposite to the printing nozzle 2. The leveling pressure roller mechanism 3 includes a pressure roller 30, a pressure roller seat 39, a stepper motor 32, and a synchronous belt drive assembly.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the pressure roller 30 is a hollow cylindrical shape, made of stainless steel or ceramic, with a polished outer surface. An internal cavity 301 is formed along the axial direction, and a heating tube 37 is installed within the cavity 301. The heating tube 37 is connected to an external temperature controller via wires to heat the pressure roller 30 and maintain its operating temperature. One end of the pressure roller 30 has a rotating wheel 31, and the other end has a temperature sensor 38. The temperature sensor 38 is connected to a control unit via a signal line to monitor and adjust the temperature of the pressure roller 30 in real time. Specifically, the control unit receives the real-time signal from the temperature sensor 38 and adjusts the power of the heating tube using a PID algorithm to stabilize the surface temperature of the pressure roller 30 within ±2℃ of the softening point of the wax model material. The pressure roller seat 39 is a U-shaped bracket, fixed to the bearing seat 1 by bolts. Bearings 302 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the U-shaped bracket, and the shafts at both ends of the pressure roller 30 are embedded in the inner rings of the bearings 302, allowing the pressure roller 30 to rotate freely.

[0033] The stepper motor 32 is hinged to the support base 1 via an L-shaped connecting plate 34. A compression spring 35 is provided between the connecting plate 34 and the support base 1. One end of the compression spring 35 is fixed to the support base 1, and the other end is connected to the lug of the connecting plate 34, forming an elastic tension structure. The output shaft of the stepper motor 32 is equipped with a drive wheel 33, which is connected to the rotating wheel 31 on the pressure roller 30 via a synchronous belt (not shown in the figure). A cooling fan 36 is provided on the outside of the stepper motor 32 to dissipate the heat generated by the stepper motor 32 during operation.

[0034] After the pressure roller 30 is installed, its bottom plane is adjusted by calibration to be 0.3 to 0.5 mm lower than the nozzle orifice of the print head 2 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (ab height in the middle) to ensure that the pressure roller 30 makes contact and compaction before the printed layer has completely cooled.

[0035] In this embodiment of the 3D printer's leveling and compaction device, after the printing nozzle extrudes the wax pattern material to form a single layer, the leveling roller mechanism moves laterally with the support seat. The roller rotates under the drive of a stepper motor to roll, level, and compact the wax layer, significantly improving the quality and efficiency of 3D printing.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A leveling and compacting device for a 3D printer, characterized in that, The device includes a support base (1), a print head (2), and a leveling roller mechanism (3). The print head (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the support base (1), and the leveling roller mechanism (3) is located on the other side of the support base (1). The leveling roller mechanism (3) includes a pressure roller (30), a rotating wheel (31) located at one end of the pressure roller (30), and a stepper motor (32). The stepper motor (32) is located on the support base (1), and the output shaft of the stepper motor (32) is provided with a drive wheel (33). The drive wheel (33) is connected to the rotating wheel (31) through a synchronous belt to drive the pressure roller (30) to rotate around its axis, thereby leveling and compacting the wax mold layer output by the print head (2).

2. The flattening and compacting device according to claim 1, characterized in that A connecting plate (34) is provided between the stepper motor (32) and the support seat (1). The stepper motor (32) is rotatably connected to the support seat (1) through the connecting plate (34). A compression spring (35) is provided on the support seat (1). The free end of the compression spring (35) is connected to the connecting plate (34) to tension the synchronous belt between the drive wheel (33) of the stepper motor (32) and the rotating wheel (31) of the pressure roller (30).

3. The screed compactor device of claim 2, wherein, A cooling fan (36) is provided on the outside of the stepper motor (32), and the cooling fan (36) is used to dissipate the heat generated by the stepper motor (32) during operation.

4. The screed apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The pressure roller (30) has a cavity (301) along its axial direction. A heating tube (37) is provided in the cavity (301). The heating tube (37) is used to heat the pressure roller (30) and maintain its working temperature.

5. The screeding and compacting device of claim 4, wherein, A temperature sensor (38) is provided at one end of the pressure roller (30). The temperature sensor (38) is connected to the control unit and is used to monitor and adjust the temperature of the pressure roller (30) in real time.

6. The screeding and compacting device of claim 5, wherein, The leveling roller mechanism (3) further includes a roller seat (39), and bearings (302) are respectively provided between the two ends of the roller seat (39) and the roller (30). The bearings (302) are used to support the roller (30) and enable it to rotate relative to the roller seat (39).

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The bottom end of the pressure roller (30) is in the horizontal plane, and the vertical distance between the bottom end of the pressure roller (30) and the nozzle of the printing head (2) is 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

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