Soft high-flame-retardant heat-insulation protective composite structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soft high-flame-retardant heat-insulation protection composite structure, and belongs to the technical field of fire-fighting individual high-temperature protection. Comprising a high-temperature flame-retardant layer and a composite flame-retardant thermal insulation module, the high-temperature flame-retardant layer covers and is fixed on the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant heat-insulating module; the composite flame-retardant heat insulation module comprises a porous water absorption layer, a heat insulation hydrogel layer, a packaging layer and a heat resistance layer; heat insulation hydrogel layers are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the porous water absorption layer; the outer part of the porous water absorption layer provided with the heat insulation hydrogel layer is wrapped and sealed by a packaging layer; a heat-resistant layer is arranged on the upper surface of the packaging layer; the composite structure formed by the heat insulation hydrogel, the heat resistance layer and the high-temperature flame-retardant layer can effectively improve the flame retardance and the heat insulation performance of the material, and the composite material is higher in softness and can be used for manufacturing fireproof clothes or articles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of high-temperature protection technology for individual fire protection, specifically a lightweight, flexible, highly flame-retardant, and heat-insulating composite structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently used fire-resistant fabrics, such as aramid flame-retardant fabrics, can withstand temperatures from 370°C to 650°C. However, for firefighters in environments exceeding 800°C, these fabrics still cannot provide effective flame-retardant and heat-insulating protection. Composite flame-retardant materials (such as aluminum foil composite flame-retardant materials) can reflect radiant heat and can withstand temperatures of 800°C to 1000°C briefly without contact with flames, but the protection time is generally no more than 30 seconds. Once exposed to flames above 700°C, they will instantly fail. Moreover, the heat insulation effect of these composite flame-retardant materials decreases when firefighters are exposed to high temperatures for extended periods.

[0003] Furthermore, existing fire-resistant fabrics designed to withstand temperatures above 650°C typically weigh around 2 kg / m². 2 The above points are problematic, and the material lacks flexibility. Therefore, we propose a lightweight, flexible, highly flame-retardant, and heat-insulating composite structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a lightweight, flexible, highly flame-retardant, heat-insulating, and protective composite structure; this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A lightweight, highly flame-retardant, and heat-insulating composite structure includes a high-temperature flame-retardant layer and a composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module; the high-temperature flame-retardant layer covers and is fixed to the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module.

[0006] The composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module includes a porous water-absorbing layer, a heat-insulating gel layer, an encapsulation layer, and a heat-insulating layer;

[0007] The upper and lower surfaces of the porous absorbent layer are provided with a thermally insulating gel layer; the porous absorbent layer with the thermally insulating gel layer is wrapped and sealed by an encapsulation layer; a heat-insulating layer is provided on the upper surface of the encapsulation layer.

[0008] Furthermore, a heat-resistant layer is wrapped around and fixed to the outside of the encapsulation layer.

[0009] Furthermore, several composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules are spliced ​​together in sequence, and a high-temperature flame-retardant layer is covered and fixed on the upper surface of the spliced ​​composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules.

[0010] Furthermore, the high-temperature flame-retardant layer is made of carbon fiber material.

[0011] Furthermore, the porous absorbent layer is a porous absorbent fabric.

[0012] Furthermore, the encapsulation layer is a TPU film.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat-insulating layer is a fiberglass aluminum foil cloth.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0015] This invention maintains the hydrogel's gel state by fixing it onto a porous absorbent layer and encapsulating and sealing it with an encapsulation layer. It also prevents the hydrogel from flowing inside the encapsulation layer, effectively maintaining the performance of the thermal insulation gel and preventing the evaporation of water from the hydrogel.

[0016] This invention utilizes a composite structure formed by a thermally insulating gel, a heat-insulating layer, and a high-temperature flame-retardant layer to effectively improve the flame retardancy and heat insulation performance of the material. In a point-to-point burn-through test at 1000℃, the composite material burns through in more than 20 minutes.

[0017] The composite material prepared by this invention has higher softness and can be used to make fireproof clothing or products. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the lightweight, highly flame-retardant, heat-insulating, and protective composite structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module of this utility model;

[0020] Number in the diagram:

[0021] 1. High-temperature flame retardant layer; 2. Fiberglass aluminum foil tape; 3. TPU film; 4. Hydrogel; 5. Porous absorbent cloth. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, this utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0023] This embodiment provides a lightweight, highly flame-retardant, heat-insulating, and protective composite structure and its preparation method;

[0024] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The aforementioned lightweight, highly flame-retardant, and heat-insulating composite structure includes: a high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 capable of withstanding temperatures above 1000℃ and several composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules with ultra-low thermal conductivity. The several composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules are spliced ​​together according to the required size specifications, and then a high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 is covered and fixed on top of the spliced ​​composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules.

[0025] In this embodiment, the high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1 is made of carbon fiber material, and the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module includes porous absorbent cloth 5, hydrogel 4, TPU film 3, and fiberglass aluminum foil cloth 2.

[0026] It should be noted that the porous absorbent cloth 5, hydrogel 4, TPU film 3 (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer film), and fiberglass aluminum foil tape 2 mentioned in this utility model are all existing commercially available materials. This utility model is only an improvement on the structure, and no improvement has been made in the materials or methods.

[0027] Hydrogel 4 is coated on both the upper and lower surfaces of the porous absorbent cloth 5; the porous absorbent cloth 5 coated with hydrogel 4 is wrapped and sealed with TPU film 3; the TPU film 3 is wrapped and sealed with fiberglass aluminum foil tape 2.

[0028] In this embodiment, the hydrogel 4 is an existing material: a mixture of water and oxide aerogel. The oxide aerogel can be silica aerogel or zirconia aerogel. Simply add an appropriate amount of water to the oxide aerogel and stir until it becomes a gel.

[0029] The porous absorbent cloth 5 has a thickness of no more than 0.2 mm. The top and bottom surfaces of the porous absorbent cloth 5 are evenly coated with hydrogel 4. Alternatively, the porous absorbent cloth 5 can be soaked in hydrogel 4 so that the hydrogel 4 is evenly attached to the porous absorbent cloth 5.

[0030] The TPU film 3 is a food-grade material. A porous absorbent cloth 5 coated with hydrogel 4 is vacuum-sealed inside the TPU film 3. Then, a fiberglass aluminum foil cloth 2 is wrapped around the outer layer of the TPU film 3 and fixed with high-temperature adhesive to form a composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module.

[0031] The lightweight, highly flame-retardant, and heat-insulating composite material described in this embodiment weighs 1.2 kg / m³. 2 Within a certain range, it can provide heat insulation protection for more than 2 minutes under point-to-point combustion conditions of 1000℃ flame.

[0032] In this embodiment, the hydrogel 4 is evenly coated on both the upper and lower surfaces of the porous absorbent cloth 5. The porous absorbent cloth 5 absorbs the moisture in the hydrogel 4 and solidifies the hydrogel 4. The TPU film 3 is vacuum sealed to reduce the fluidity of the hydrogel 4 and prevent the moisture in the hydrogel 4 from evaporating.

[0033] The TPU film 3 is mainly used to prevent the evaporation of moisture from the hydrogel 4; in addition to vacuum sealing, it can also be sealed by tape. Other films that do not volatilize or produce slightly toxic gases at high temperatures can also be used for the TPU film 3.

[0034] A high-temperature resistant fiberglass aluminum foil tape 2 is attached to the outer surface of the sealed TPU film 3 to enhance the overall sealing and tensile strength of the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module. At the same time, the aluminum foil on the surface can reflect radiant heat and enhance the high-temperature resistance.

[0035] The high-temperature flame retardant layer 1 can also be made of other high-temperature resistant materials that can withstand temperatures up to 1000℃, with a point-to-point burn-through time of more than 20 minutes at 1000℃.

[0036] After the composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules are spliced ​​and bonded, high-temperature resistant adhesive is applied to the inner side of the high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1.

[0037] Alternatively, composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules can be glued one by one onto the inner side of the high-temperature flame-retardant layer 1. When gluing, the modules must be precisely glued together to form a highly flame-retardant and heat-insulating protective composite structure.

[0038] The above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments. It should not be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of patent protection determined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A light, soft, high flame resistant, thermal protective, protective composite structure, characterized in that, It includes a high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1) and a composite flame-retardant heat insulation module; the high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1) covers and is fixed on the upper surface of the composite flame-retardant heat insulation module; The composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating module includes a porous water-absorbing layer, a heat-insulating gel layer, an encapsulation layer, and a heat-insulating layer; The upper and lower surfaces of the porous absorbent layer are provided with a thermally insulating gel layer; the porous absorbent layer with the thermally insulating gel layer is wrapped and sealed by an encapsulation layer; a heat-insulating layer is provided on the upper surface of the encapsulation layer.

2. A soft, high flame resistant, thermal protective composite structure according to claim 1, wherein, The heat-insulating layer is wrapped around and fixed to the outside of the encapsulation layer.

3. A soft, high flame resistant, thermal protective composite structure according to claim 1, wherein, Several composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules are spliced ​​together in sequence, and a high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1) is covered and fixed on the upper surface of the spliced ​​composite flame-retardant and heat-insulating modules.

4. A light, soft, high flame retardant, thermal barrier protective composite structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The high-temperature flame-retardant layer (1) is made of carbon fiber.

5. A soft, high flame resistant, thermal protective composite structure according to claim 1, wherein, The porous absorbent layer is a porous absorbent cloth (5).

6. A light, flexible, high flame resistant, thermal barrier protective composite structure according to claim 1, wherein, The encapsulation layer is a TPU film (3).

7. A soft, high flame resistant, thermal protective composite structure according to claim 1, wherein, The heat-insulating layer is fiberglass aluminum foil cloth (2).

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